Professor Dr Hamed AttiaProf. of veterinary internal medicine

Zagazig University-EgyptEmail:hamedattia0@gmail.com

Mobil No :00966547209365

Main Lines of treatment of diseases

in farm animals

4 dS To Success in Treatment

Correct Diagnosis

Drug UsedDose

&Route

Duration

Main Line of Treatment

Hyagenic Medical Supportive T

11--Main Lines of treatmentMain Lines of treatment of enteritis of enteritis

1-Anti-acid (systemic).2-Fluid therapy.3-Anti-inflammatory4-Antibiotic 5-Antiparastic drugs6-Intestinal astringent

and coating

Clinical signs of diarrheaCalves are weak ,depressed ,anorexicAffected animals either recovered or dieAfter five days.

In Calf ScourLook on the animal

not on the feces

1-Appetite

2-Temperature

3-General condition•Standing position

•Recumbent

4-Dehydration

Important Notes

Metabolic effects of calf scourMetabolic effects of calf scourDehydrationAcidosisElectrolyte imbalance

11 - -Anti-acid (systemic)Anti-acid (systemic)..

• R/Na bicarbonate 1.3% 0.5-1 L I/V according to the degree of acedemia

Oral Fluid Therapy

I/V Fluid Therapy

33--Non steriodal anti-inflammatoryNon steriodal anti-inflammatory• R/ Dicloprima 5%• Dose:• 2 Ml/ 100Kg B.W

N B: Non Steroidal anti-inflammatory should be given after

hydration of the calf

Anti-inflammatory

Strong analgesic

Atipyretic

Anti-endotoxic

Advantages

Antibiotice more effective on E coli & Salmonelle

Nuflor Marbocele Cefotaxim Borgal(Sulfa &Trimethoprime)

4-Broad spectrum antibiotic

66--AntiparasiticAntiparasitic agentsagents--- ---

• R/ Ivermectine 1cc /50 Kg. B.w. S/C

General line for treatment of General line for treatment of AcidosisAcidosis

• 1-Evacuation of rumen content:• • By using 3 liter Paraffin oil by stomach tube• 2-Antiacid• (a) Local: 500 g sodium bicarbonate• &• (b)Systemic: 2 liter isotonic sodium bicarbonate 1.3% I/V• 3-Fluid therapy:• Nacl 0.9% 4-6 liter I/V• • According to degree of dehydration• 4-Antihistaminic:• R/Antistamine 30-40 Ml I/V

General line for treatment of General line for treatment of AcidosisAcidosis

• 5-Antinflamatory• 6-Antibiotic• Orally (procaine penicillin 10million IU

orally)• &• Systemic• 7-Ruminal tonic stomachic• -Bykahepar -genabell• -Hepanol -propylene glycol

General line for treatment of General line for treatment of simple indigestionsimple indigestion

• 1-Antiacid• 0.5 kg sodium bicarbonate/orally• 2-Ruminal tonic stomachic• -Bykahebar -

Genabel• 3-Purgative• 0.5 kg orally of Mg oxide• OR• 2 liter of Paraffin oil• 4-Massage of rumen from left flank• 5-Rectal enema, back racking &exercise

General line for treatment of General line for treatment of MasititisMasititis

• 1-AntiBiotic• Systemic: Gentamycin,

Cefotaxim Snylox-Pentomycin• Pentomycin• 2-Antinflammatory• 3 days Non steroidal AI• 3-Antihistaminic• 1st day• 4-Oxytocin• 5-Vitamin AD3E&C

General line of treatment of General line of treatment of pneumoniapneumonia

• Broad spectrum antibiotic• Ant inflammatory• Bronchodilator• Mucolytics & Expectorants• Antihistaminic

Antibiotic used in pneumoniaAntibiotic used in pneumonia

1. 1-In less sever cases:1-Oxytetracycline drugs2-EnerofloxacineIN sever cases (Shipping fever): Flurphenicol Cephalosporion . Sulfa &Trimethoprime Marboflxacine

Metabolic DiseasesMetabolic Diseases

TherapyTherapy

General line for treatment General line for treatment of milk feverof milk fever

• 1)Source of Calcium A-Small cow(300- 400 Kg):

R/500 ml (375 ml IV very slowly and

125 ml SC after 30 min. at different sites.

• Large cow( More than 500 Kg B .w.)

• 1 Liter:• ½ Liter at morning• ½ Liter at evening

Examples of Ca preparationExamples of Ca preparation

• R/Ca boro-gluconate (20% or 25%)• OrR/ Cal. D. Mg (Ca & Dextrose & Mg)R/Calcium amino-plex (Ca & amino acids). NB:• I/v Ca solution should be slowly to

prevent cardiac arrest. • Continue for 3-5 days days or till complete

recovery

(2) Compounds which increasing calcium level in blood:

R/ AD3E&C (15 ml / daily IM).& R/ACTH 400-500 IU I/M 3) Anti-inflammatory (Non Steroidal) R/Declo-phenac Na 2.5% 4 ml/100 Kg B W.(4) Supportive treatment:R/Dextrose 25% or 40% 2 liter IV.

Medical General lines for treatment of hypo-phosphatemia

Source of ph Hematincs Saline

1-Source of ph

I/V&I/M S/C Orally

2-Hematinics

A-Blood transfusion)In sever cases( Iron & VitB12.

((11 ) )Sources of phosphorusSources of phosphorus

• A) IV slowly administration of 60 of sodium acid phosphate in 300 ml of distilled water on the first day .

• Followed by further SC injections of similar doses at 12-hours intervals till recovery.

• Similar daily doses (60 g) by mouth

NB:Treatment should be continued till 3-5 days after disappearance of red urine (complete recoverty).

• B) patent phosphorus preparation as:

• R/ Tonophosphan (Ph 10%)• R/ 50ml( 25 ml IV daily&25 ml I/M till

recovery).

• C) Oral dosing with bone meal (120 g) twice daily or dicalcium phosphate daily for 5 days till recovery.

• Or:• Superphos Sachets 3• One sachet daily (oral route)

• (2) Hematinic preparation:• (A) in sever cases:• Blood transfusion 3-4 L of whole blood to a

450 kg cow is indicated in severe cases.• Additional transfusion is necessary if cow is

still weak and mucous membranes are pale.• (B) In less sever cases:• iron, copper, cobalt, vitamin B12. (4)

R/Antoplex 15 ml I/M

• (3) Supportive therapy:• (Glucose 25%) to treat ketosis &

hypoglycemia.• (4)Kidney wash:• (Glucose 5% or saline(0.9%NaCl ( to

minimize the danger of hemoglobinuric nephritis.

3- General Lines Of Treatment of Ketosis

1-Dextrose 25%

2-Propylene glycol

3-Dexamethasone

Make Glucose

Decreased Production(less glucose demand)

Increased Appetite

4-Insuline Facilitate transport glucose into the cell

Medical treatmentMedical treatment

• 1-Sources of glucose:• IV injection of dextrose 25-40%

500ml for cattle (in ewes 150-250 ml) IV, twice daily for 3-5 successive days causing temporary hyperglycemia.

• Oral hyperglycemic agents: propylene glycol .05 Liter orally

• Or:• Glycerol or glycerin 0.25 Liter or

sodium propionate )100-200 gm (once daily for 3 day(. R/Primaton : .025 L orally • They are glucogenic and thus

produce glucose.

Primaton

2-Hormonal therapy:A-Glucocorticoids: Such as dexamethazone 10 ml )30

mg( I/M one or two doses for cattle to increase the blood sugar level & reduces ketone bodies formation by utilization of acetyl coenzyme A.

Line of treatment of blood parasitesLine of treatment of blood parasites

• Fever (40-41C)• Red Urine• Partial loss of appetite• Jaundice

1-Babesiosis

I- TreatmentI- Treatment::

• Important Notes:• Treatment should be tried early before the animal becomes anemic· Care must also be taken to avoid complete

sterilization of the blood before sufficient antibody is produced to provide a durable immunity.

Drugs usedDrugs used

1- Diminazen aceturate (Batrinil-Berinil) · Aqueous solution7% )1.05gm vial dissolved in

12.5 ml water(.·  Dose 1ml/20kg ·2-Imidocarb dipropionate (Imisol) 2ml/100Kg B W.

   Symptomatic treatmentSymptomatic treatment

•  Non steroidal ant inflammatory• R/ Decloflam )1CC/25kg I/M(• -Blood transfusion:-•   -  In Sever cases 1Liter/100 Kg B W.• General hematinics.• R/Antoplex 15mlI/M• Or Iron 100 1 ml /100Kg B W.

Line of treatment of blood parasitesLine of treatment of blood parasites

• Fever (40-41C)• Corneal opacity• Partial loss of appetite• Enlarged pre-scapular

L.N

2-Theleriasis

Corneal opacity

TreatmentTreatment

R/butalex injection 1CC /20 Kg I/MOr:

Oxytetracycline L.A(5 Doses)+ Arsinal for 5 days

Line of treatmentOf

urinary tract affections

Anti-inflammatory

Urinary Antiseptic

Antibiotic

Types of Antibiotic

Peniclline &

streptomycine

Sulpha &

Trimethprime

CephalosporineGentamycine

Types of AntibioticAccording to species

Rumminant Cephalosporine

penicillines

EquinesSulpha & Trimethoprime

Duration of

Antibiotic

Chronic pyogenic2-4 weeks

Chronic7-10 D

Acute3-5 days

2-Urinary Antiseptic

Urinary lavage

IV glucose

SystemicColi-urinalHexamin

Local use of

catheters

3-Anti-inflammatory

Ketoprofen FinadyineDecloprema

Causes Antibiotic FailureCauses Antibiotic Failure• 1-Exposure to strong sunlight • 2-Too-much-water • 3-Frequency-of-dose ( daily treatment

but we decided to just double the dose and give it every other day).

• 4-Duration is not enough.

• 5-The causative agent is virus not bacteria• 6-The drug is not specific against the

pathogen• 7-Contaminated needle back into the bottle.

Bacterial vaccines

Viralvaccines

2. Covexin* 8& 10

3 Ultrabac® 8

Mixed vaccines

1. PNEUMO 3

2. PNEUMO 4

1. Pneumo - Bac 1. Entero – 3 Vaccine

3. Cattle Master44. Vira Shield 5

2. Scour Guard 3

3-Rotvec vaccine

E Coli + Rota & Corana Virus

4-Coli immune-oral5-Nasal Gene

VACCINE FAILURESVACCINE FAILURES• NO RESPONSE :• Efficacy- expire Date• stress• Malnutrition• Improper Dose .

• Improper Route.