Post on 11-Sep-2021
Lighting for theWorkplace
The Changing Corporate Perspective 6–7
Foreword by Paul Morrell, 4–5
President of the British Council for Offices
IMPRINT
Publisher:Zumtobel Staff GmbH, Dornbirn/A
Design:Marketing Communication
Reprints, even in part, require the permission of the publishers© 2005 Zumtobel Staff GmbH, Dornbirn/A
I N T R O D U C T I O N 6–7
Product Selector 100–133
Advisory Services 134–135
References & Useful Websites 135
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – L I G H T I N G D E S I G N 98–135
Lighting Research versus the Codes 10–11
– The Lessons of Lighting Research 12–15
– Current Guidance and its Limitations 16–23
Key Issues in Workplace Lighting 24–29
Natural Light, Active Light & Balanced Light 30–37
Further Considerations in Workplace Lighting 38–47
Lighting Techniques – Comparing the Options 48–51
WORKPLACE LIGHTING – PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE 8–51
Open Plan Offices 56–67
Cellular Offices 68–71
Dealer Rooms 72–75
Control Rooms 76–79
Call Centres 80–83
Communication Areas/Meeting Rooms 84–87
Break-Out Zones 88–91
Storage 92–93
Common Parts 94–97
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 52–97
C O N T E N T S 3
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Paul MorrellPresident of the British Council for Offices (BCO)
London aims to continue beingEurope’s leading financial centre andwill need more, higher quality officespace in the future (photo: Piper’smodel of the future City of London,shown at MIPIM 2005)
The UK office market, in particular in London, is changing, driven by a number of long-term trends in
international banking and finance. Informed forecasts, such as the recent Radley Report *, point, firstly,
to a shift towards our capital city, at the expense of Paris and Frankfurt, as Europe’s leading financial
centre, with a commensurate pressure on office space. Secondly, we can see a medium-to-long term
growth in the number of highly educated, mathematically literate graduates required to run these
complex, sophisticated financial operations. This shift from low skill to high skill staff puts a premium
on worker satisfaction, as they become ever more demanding of their company and working
conditions. The lesson is clear – nothing is more important in a service economy like ours than the
efficiency of the working environment.
In today’s fast-moving marketplace, successful companies must invest in improved design and
specification, to attract and retain an increasingly valuable and demanding workforce. People, not
technology, must become the driving force of future office design. If one looks at the ratio of long-term
costs of any business, including building design, construction, maintenance and personnel, design is a
tiny fraction of the total – about 0.05 % of the cost of your workers. Yet that very small investment in
good design has been proven to have a huge impact on staff satisfaction, efficiency and profitability.
To put it another way, if a building can increase the productivity of its occupants by 10 per cent, you
essentially get it free.
For all these reasons, improved design and specification – and especially lighting, the subject of this
timely brochure from Zumtobel Staff Lighting – can make a significant contribution to long-term
success.
* The Outlook for Banks Operating in the City of London (Radley & Associates, March 2004)
F O R E W O R D 5
Paul Morrell BSc FRICSHon FRIBA President of British Council forOffices
People & The WorkplaceAs Organisations change, so does the Role of the Workplace
Human Resources Management
Corporate Management
Facil it ies management
HistoricalPerspective
Productivity factorsinfluenced by lighting:
SpeedPersistenceAccuracyAttractionRetentionMotivationSatisfactionHappiness
Potential Untapped LightingDividend
ContemporaryBest Practice
WORKFORCE“the wages grow exponentially”
WORKFORCELiving at Work
WORKPLACE
“a cost centre to be controlled”
WORKSTATION
Lower qualifiedLess Aspirational
Resistant to Change
wellnesswar for talent
gymnasiaesprit de corps
brand in the workplacevery aspirational
management cultureattraction, retention, motivation
lifestyle in the workplaceadded value
break out zonesopen change agenda
common partsdifferentiationflexiworking
best practice lighting
Traditional division between Human Resources and Facilities Management
FM drivenDesk/task area focus
Functional
The Untapped LightingDividend
Single Path – Physiological
Dual Path – Physiological & Psychological
Generic practice lighting
(Louvred Downlights)Visual
CapabilitiesTask
PerformanceConventionalProductivity
Result
Best practice lighting
(Direct/Indirect)
VisualCapabilities
TaskPerformance
"Lighting and task conditions
that improve visibility lead to better task
performance"
EnhancedProductivity
Dividend
VisualCapabilities
TaskPerformance
“Lighting and task conditions that improve
visibility lead to better taskperformance”
Personal Control
Motivation
TaskPerformance
“People with dimming control showed more
sustained motivation, andimproved performance on a measure of attention”
PersonalControl
Health &Wellbeing
“People with dimming con-trol reported higher ratingsof lighting quality, overall
environmental satisfaction,and self-rated productivity”
Appraisal
Preference
Mood
Health &Wellbeing
“People who are more sat-isfied with their lighting, ratethe space as more attrac-tive, are happier, and moresatisfied with their environ-
ment and their work”
Best practicelighting
(Direct/Indirect andcontrols)
Physiological Path
Psychological Path** ”This is the first time that this com-
plete path has been demonstrated”
Productivity factorsinfluenced by lighting:
SpeedPersistenceAccuracyAttractionRetentionMotivationSatisfactionHappiness
The Untapped Lighting Dividend
Economics** Architecture
Individual Well-Being
TheUntappedLightingDividend
– visibility– activity– social & communication– mood, comfort– health & safety– aesthetic judgement
– installation– maintenance– operation– energy– environment
– form– composition– style– codes &
standards
workplaces – gymnasia, break-
out zones, thoughtfully designed
common parts.
The advantages gained by such
hygiene factors are only just
beginning to be fully appreciated
– easier change management,
sense of belonging, mirroring
the employees own personal
aspirations – being just some.
So, far from being a cost to be
controlled, the workplace is
increasingly being viewed as an
asset to be managed. But all
the investment in hygiene fac-
tors and company culture can
be stifled if we follow the con-
ventional, flawed lighting design
path. As business management
changes so must lighting begin
to reap the untapped dividends
associated with the psychologi-
cal, rather than purely visual,
aspects of lighting.
The leading financial houses in
the City of London and other
financial capitals have long
realised the importance of light-
ing – share dealer rooms, which
produce the most spectacular
profits, are always equipped
with state-of-the-art direct/indi-
rect lighting systems. Most have
sophisticated controls. Banks
and share traders know that
such systems create the most
stimulating and visually comfort-
able working environments.
However at Zumtobel Staff we
don’t believe that the best light-
ing should be confined only to
high profile bond traders and
the like – ordinary administrative
staff and other grades should
not have to compromise with
inferior, direct downlighter sys-
tems, which surveys show are
universally disliked. For the sake
of job satisfaction, visual com-
fort and general well-being, they
also deserve the best lighting –
and that means direct/indirect
systems. These central princi-
ples, derived from the findings
of lighting science – direct/indi-
rect lighting and dynamic, vari-
able light levels – lie at the core
of this guide to office lighting. In
combination they correspond to
Zumtobel Staff’s central lighting
design philosophy, which can be
summed up in the phrase “light-
ing for people”.
“Light is the key to well-being.”
– Le Corbusier
Constructing and operating a
building can cost a lot of money
– but not nearly as much as the
cost of the people who occupy
the building. In the same equa-
tion the cost of the lighting is
insignificant. Comparatively
small investment in better design
and better lighting can have a
huge, positive knock-on effect
for many years to come. Con-
versely bad design can push up
long-term costs – while hitting
the bottom line.
In a world where the pace of
change in work patterns, com-
pany practices and technology
is accelerating, we believe that
lighting design should be based
on the latest scientific research
into lighting and visual comfort –
most of which is ignored in
current advisory codes. As we
demonstrate on pages 12–15,
this research points towards a
number of significant conclu-
sions that are embodied in our
whole approach to workplace
lighting.
These pages illustrate how good
lighting can pay dividends. The
historical management perspec-
tive of the workplace – a cost to
be controlled – has lead to the
adoption of a standardised, and
flawed, lighting approach for
offices. But there are signs of
change. Exceptional businesses
are beginning to incorporate a
range of hygiene factors in their
* Jennifer A. Veitch, Ph.D.National Research Council of Canadawww.irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/ie/light
Integrated Modelof Lighting Quality*
– “Lighting is for more than
visibility”
– “Comfort is more than glare
control”
** see Chart page 7
T H E C H A N G I N G C O R P O R AT E P E R S P E C T I V E 7
Ph
oto
: A
llan
Kel
l/In
telli
gen
t B
uild
ing
s 2
00
4
Economics
PotentialUntappedLightingDividend
Lighting Cost M&E Fitout Shell & Core Rent 15 Years People Costs 15 Years
Extra for BestPractice
Construction Costs Business Operating Costs
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“I’m not saying you canwalk on light: it doesn’thave structure, but it ispart of the structure of the thinking of the archi-tecture.”
Richard Meier
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 9
Past, Present and Future
Workplace Lighting –A
rch
itec
t: F
ost
er &
Par
tner
s
Lighting Researchversus the Codes
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 11
“Light has a great influence on
human sensitivity. It reaches
the depths of one’s heart and
awakens something asleep
there.”
– Motoko Ishii
Office lighting design is in-
creasingly bound by a whole
raft of recommendations and
standards emanating from the
UK and the EC. A minority of
these standards and recommen-
dations are useful – others, as
we shall see, are either out-of-
date, due to the fast-moving
nature of office technology, or
run contrary to the findings of
the most recent lighting research
in both Europe and the USA.
Take the official codification of
“dark light” louvred downlights
in the 1980s, triggered by
increased VDT use in the work-
place. As a result of that single
recommendation, office lighting
undoubtedly went downhil, as
we were plunged into a new
“Dark Age”. The main problem
was the Code’s concentration
on luminaire selection in isola-
tion, rather than considering the
entire office environment in a
holistic way.
Unfortunately our misguided
codes have now come to pass
as good practice, because too
few skilled lighting designers
get the opportunity to design
genuinely creative workplace
lighting – as opposed to the
reception area, the boardroom
or the presentation suite, where
they are most often employed.
Developers don’t see good,
innovative office lighting as im-
portant, preferring instead to
allow non-lighting specialists to
design and install humdrum,
and even harmful, lighting,
according to a crude distillation
of the Codes – an approach we
sum up as “working inside the
box”. As the introduction to the
DIAL research (see page 13)
pessimistically reports, “good
lighting designs are rare”.
At Zumtobel Staff we question
this approach. We would argue
that research indicates that
lighting is a much more signifi-
cant factor in workplace health
and efficiency than is generally
recognised – and should be left
to the real lighting professionals.
The best, healthiest and most
effective lighting schemes result
from qualified, experienced
designers thinking “outside the
box” – basing their designs not
on outdated codes and recom-
mendations, but on the latest
findings of lighting science.
On pages 12–15 we summarise
the conclusions of the most
important pieces of recent
research in the area of work-
place lighting. Then on pages
16–23 we analyse current office
lighting standards and recom-
mendations, to see how they
measure up to these research
findings.
In 1992 Royal Life Holdings openedtheir highly innovative new Head-quarters in Peterborough in the UK,designed by Arup Associates. Therewas already recognition, re-inforcedby the success of this building, thatdirect/indirect lighting provided a preferable airy, attractive workplace.Especially when considering the alter-native gloom, so well illustrated here,of the lower height spaces alongside,fitted with the standard solution atthe time – Category 2 downlighters.
1. Getting the Light Right
The “Light Right” Consortium
is an independent authoritative
research body in the USA,
managed by the Pacific North-
west National Laboratory and
supported by the Illuminating
Engineering Society of North
America, the International Asso-
ciation of Lighting Designers,
the International Facility Man-
agers Association, the US
Department of Energy and the
US Environmental Protection
Agency, amongst others.
In probably the most compre-
hensive study of its type con-
ducted in Albany, New York,
researchers found that:
• Good lighting improves pro-
ductivity*
• 29–31 % of people under
downlight only systems rated
them as uncomfortable
• 91 % of people were comfort-
able with a system of direct/
indirect, wall washing and
dimming control
• Dimming control over work-
station lighting “increased
motivation” and allowed users
to “sustain their persistence
and vigilance over time”, and
be “more accurate”
• “People who are more satis-
fied with their lighting rate the
space as more attractive, are
happier, and are more com-
fortable and satisfied with their
environment and work.”
• “This is the first time that
this complete path has been
demonstrated”
To quote Ron Lewis, chairperson
of the Light Right Consortium,
“Lighting does matter. We have
sampled major US corporations
and found a strong connection
between lighting, productivity
and its overall value to busines-
ses.”
* The Light Right website(www.lightright.org) reproduces theresearch and results.
Co-author of the Light Right research:J.A. Veitch. She is much respected forthis and other work done with theInstitute for Research in Construction,Ottawa.
The Lessonsof Lighting Research
Light Right test site – In the most comprehensive study of its type researchers found overwhelming user preference for direct/indirect lighting systems.
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2. Accent on Interest
DIAL, the German Institute of
Applied Lighting, is an extremely
reputable and influential re-
search body, which also produ-
ces DIALUX, one of the leading
lighting industry software pro-
grammes. In 1999 it carried out
research into user preferences
for a number of office lighting
scenarios, using a variety of
luminaire types (see photos).
Subjects’ assessments were
made in terms of functionality,
impression of brightness and
the overall attractiveness of
the space. One of the central
findings was that office scenes
which contained additional
accent lighting, particularly onto
pictures and also onto desks,
using spotlights or other point
sources, were preferred over
all other scenarios. This finding
fits well with one of the central
principles of Zumtobel Staff’s
approach – that the best results
are obtained by a combination
of different types of luminaire,
which might include accent
lighting (see Products and
Resources).
DIAL research test site showing two examples below where accent lighting materially improved user perception of the space, compared with the conventionalscenarios above.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 13
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The Lessonsof Lighting Research
4. “Cool” Light for the “Third Eye”
The final body of research with
important implications for office
lighting has recently emerged
from a number of research cen-
tres, including Brown University
in the USA. The main findings
are that, firstly, light does not
simply affect the human body
through our sense of vision. It
appears that we also possess a
so-called “third eye”, a unique
non-visual photo-receptor cell in
the retina directly linked to the
pineal gland, which in turn regu-
lates our bodily cycles.
What is particularly interesting is
that this cell is especially res-
ponsive to certain types of light,
3. Dynamic Lighting for Stimulation
Susanne Fleischer is a promi-
nent German researcher who
until recently worked at the
Institute for Hygiene and Occu-
pational Physiology in Zurich.
She is the former head of the
“Lighting Harmony” research
project, which has found that
people’s mood, motivation, per-
formance and feelings of satis-
faction vary throughout the day,
depending on interior and ex-
terior light levels and their own
internal circadian rhythms. In
particular she found that people
preferred direct lighting when
the sky was overcast and indi-
rect lighting when the sky was
clear and sunny. She also found
that “cool” colour temperature
lighting was more stimulating
than “warm” colour tempera-
tures.
The implication is that a static
lighting scene throughout the
day, is not the best way to moti-
vate and enhance performance.
More desirable is a lighting sys-
tem that can vary not just the
level, but also the ratio of
uplight to downlight, as well as
varying the colour temperature.
These functions are possible
with Zumtobel Staff lighting
systems and are covered in
our pages on Active Light and
Balanced Light starting on
pages 34 and 35.
Fleischer concludes: “… It is
possible to draw up variable
lighting situations … which pro-
vide an appropriate response
to the requirements for type of
activity, activation and well-
being”. And again “It is therefore
possible to create lighting scena-
rios for office applications which
are ergonomically appropriate
and, moreover, which have a
positive effect on people’s sub-
jective well-being.”
The Fleischer research found that our preference for quantity and type of lightvaries according to task.
Fleischer found a clear relationship between lighting conditions outside andinside. People prefer warm direct lighting when the sky is overcast, and in-direct cool lighting when sunny.
visual pathway(images)
photobiologicalpathway
blue light (especially)suppresses melatonin
at the blue end of the spectrum
(410–460 nm). Exposure to
blue, or “cool” blue-tinted light,
seems to encourage the pineal
gland to suppress the produc-
tion of melatonin (which makes
us sleep) and therefore impro-
ves alertness. And the light
doesn’t have to be very bright –
recent discoveries at the Light-
ing Research Centre in New
York suggests that 18 lux of
blue light is more effective at
lowering melatonin levels than
450 lux of white light.
Where the Research Takes Us
The implications of this body
of research for office lighting
design are clear:
• Offices should ideally have
direct/indirect lighting systems
and wall washing
• Lighting should always be
achieved with a mix of luminaires
• Should have forms of control
that allow for varying light
levels and distribution patterns
according to time of day and
outside conditions
• A degree of local control is
desirable
• “Cool” colour temperature
lamps are best for maintaining
alertness and performance.
Research shows that the “third eye” receptor is far more responsive to light atthe blue end of the spectrum as shown.
Levels of attentiveness vary over a 24 hour cycle.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 15
Current Guidance and its Limitations
Unfortunately, as we will see,
most of the current codes
are either in conflict with one
another – or don’t measure
up to the findings of current
research, being founded more
on outdated prejudices and
half-understood ideas.
1. The BCO Fit-Out Guide
The British Council for Offices
is a hugely influential body that
represents the main players in
office development. Its Fit-Out
Guide*, which is regularly up-
dated in the light of new evi-
dence and changing market
conditions, is written by people
who are both pragmatic and
market-led. Due to the growing
influence of the BCO, its guides
are rapidly pushing other
Codes, such as those generat-
ed by CIBSE, to the margins.
One of the important distinc-
tions the BCO makes in the
latest Fit-Out Guide (October
2003) is between Category A
(CAT A) and Category B (CAT B)
fit-outs for speculative office
buildings – a distinction we
refer to throughout this publica-
tion. The box at right summaris-
es this distinction. Lighting is
included in the CAT A fit-out
provision, as part of “basic
mechanical and electrical servi-
ces”, despite the fact that it is
impossible to know the final
users’ needs and furniture confi-
guration at that stage. It is,
however, again mentioned
under CAT B as part of “Mecha-
nical and electrical services
tailoring and upgrades”.
* The BCO also publish a Best PracticeGuide, the 2005 edition to whichZumtobel Staff has contributed.
CAT A and CAT B Fit-outs Explained
A CAT A fit-out is the most
basic fit-out (including floor
coverings, ceilings, floors,
M&E, WCs and most impor-
tantly, lighting) undertaken by
the developer and/or letting
agent to sell the space in a
speculative development.
It is based on an open-plan
working scenario but is
usually potentially sub-di-
visible, if necessary. As soon
as a client has been found,
he will take on the open-plan
specification – or will com-
mission a different fit-out.
Pentland International plc’s new North London headquarters – this 2003 British Council for Office’s Best of the Best Award winner features considerable lightingingenuity. Architect: GHM Rock Townsend, Building Services: Fulcrum
no added value in appointing
specialist lighting designers for
the lighting fit-out of the areas
where most ordinary staff work
for most of the day. When they
do appoint them, they do so
only for the specialist areas of
the shell-and-core, such as the
entrance area and the atrium.
For the rest the BCO Guide is
the only UK advisory document
that refers to VDT screen testing
and the recommendations of
EN29241-7 (see page 26). It
also proposes varied lighting
levels between 500 and 300 lux
with provision for task lighting
for the visually impaired and
energy use targets for lighting in
CAT A fit-outs of 12 W/m2.
There is an emphasis on flexible
lighting schemes, to cope with
future change, with addressable
lighting controls and modular
lighting systems. In its summary
of the different types of lighting
system available, it does give
suspended, or freestanding,
direct/indirect systems the high-
est recommendation.
Daylight use and control is
briefly mentioned – and there is
an awareness of the issue of
glare. The Guide states “use of
blinds … should be considered
early on in the design process”.
Zumtobel Staff would take this
further – in fact, on page 32 we
make a strong case for blinds
being included as part of the
CAT A fit-out.
A CAT B fit-out is a bespoke
fit-out commissioned if the
client comes on board at an
early stage – or after the CAT
A fit-out has already been
installed. It may include a
new lighting scheme, blinds,
partitions, IT systems, tele-
phones, wall finishes etc.
Often, but not always, the
CAT A scheme, including the
lighting, will be ripped out
and everything re-specified
from scratch. For obvious
reasons, a CAT B fit-out will
usually cost more than a
CAT A scheme.
In fact, as yet, lighting is not a
major priority for the BCO –
there is no specific mention of
lighting on the Contents page of
the current Fit-Out Guide – it is
instead lumped in with “Building
Services”, so advice is difficult
to find. When you do find the
small section on lighting, the
message is mixed, but it com-
mences with the following
important observation:
“Design guidance is no longer
prescriptive and allows consider-
able freedom for a suitably quali-
fied and experienced designer
to produce certified, compliant
schemes of the quality required.”
Unfortunately, as we have alrea-
dy discussed, developers see
Wessex Water, near Bath, U.K. This building is one of very few ever to have achieved an “Excellent” rating under the BRE Environmental Assessment Method.Wessex Water was the first ever to achieve the highest possible rating of 10. Architect: Bennetts Associates, Building Services: Buro Happold
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 17
Current Guidance and its Limitations
2. Building Regulations(Part L) for Commercial Buildings
The Building Regulations (Part L)
for Commercial Buildings, 2001,
as applied to lighting, are the
British government’s latest rather
blunt instrument for cutting
energy use in buildings, to com-
ply with the Kyoto agreement on
climate change. In summary, for
commercial buildings (with some
minor exceptions) Part L speci-
fies a maximum energy use of
40 luminaire lumens per watt
averaged across the entire buil-
ding (and according to recent
government statements, this
may be increased by 25 % in
the near future).
The first thing to say is that the
advent of Part L has made
many professionals concentrate
exclusively on designing for
energy savings at the expense
of other criteria. Lighting design
driven solely by energy use is
not necessarily good design.
For example a scheme using
only direct downlighters may
well comply with Part L, but it
will not create visually comfor-
table working conditions for
people who work there. Good
lighting design is lighting desig-
ned for people, who in the long
term are much more important
than energy savings – but there
is no reason why good, visually
comfortable lighting designs
can’t easily comply with Part L.
3. BRE Environmental AssessmentMethod (BREEAM)
For over a decade, the BRE’s
Environmental Assessment
Method (BREEAM) has been
used to assess the environ-
mental performance of both
new and existing buildings. It is
regarded by the UK’s construc-
tion and property sectors as
the measure of best practice
in environmental design and
management. The building
types covered by BREEAM are
offices, homes, industrial units
and retail units and the pro-
gramme’s main criteria concern
energy use and health and well-
being, amongst other things.
Credits are awarded against the
criteria and an overall score
rates the building as “Pass”,
“Good”, “Very Good” and
“Excellent”. On the BREEAM
for offices checklist, the salient
criteria related to workplace
lighting and visual conditions are
included in the section “Health
and Well-being”. Some of these
are already standard practice,
but some are not so well known:
• At least 80 % of the net lett-
able floor area should be ade-
quately daylit.
• There should be an occupant-
controlled system of glare
control (e.g. internal or exter-
nal blinds).
• High frequency ballasts should
be installed in office luminaires.
Part L encourages the use of direct-indirect luminaires.Video Arts. Building Services: Downie Consulting
The BRE “Ideal office” is their own signature office and makes full use of indi-rect-direct lighting, even being incorporated under the downstand areas. Thewave-form ceiling provides a very even fall-off of ceiling luminance.
• Maintained lighting levels
should be between 350–400 lux
and the louvre design should
comply with the LG3 Adden-
dum 2001.
• Control systems for lighting in
open-plan office spaces,
where there is circulation
space and daylighting, should
be zoned into groups, with
any one lighting group cover-
ing no more than four work-
places.
• All workstations should have
a view outside (open air or
atrium) with a maximum dis-
tance of seven metres (approxi-
mately two office desk spaces)
to the nearest window.
Under the Energy section, there
is no specific reference to the
traditional measure of power
usage (W/m2) nor to Part L’s term,
Luminaire Lumens per Circuit
Watt. Rather, BREEAM predicts
energy use and measures these
in CO2 emissions (see page 45).
BREEAM’s programme is an
important and worthy initiative
in the push to improve our
commercial building stock.
However, if BREEAM is indeed
promoting Best Practice, it
should incorporate the following
design measures in its checklist:
• The installation of blinds as
part of the Cat A fit out,
because they are expensive
additions at the Cat B stage.
• The provision of high frequency
dimming ballasts as a mini-
mum in perimeter zones.
• Localised task area lighting
instead of uniform lighting.
• Mandatory daylight dimming
controls where the Daylight
Factor exceeds 2 %.
• Lighting systems that have
gained high user preference in
recent research surveys.
• Amendment of the emphasis
on louvre fittings, which
seems to mitigate against
other lighting solutions, such
as direct/indirect systems,
which the BRE has installed in
its own signature building! In
any case LG3 expressly exclu-
des compliance by luminaire
selection only.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 19
This European installation would undoubtedly score “very good” or betterunder the BREEAM rating system.
The LIGHT FIELDS suspended direct/indirect range incorporates the MPO(micro-pyramidal optic) to ensure glare-free lighting whilst having a very highLOR (up to 86 %).
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Current Guidance and its Limitations
4. SLL (CIBSE) Code for Lighting
The CIBSE SLL Code for Light-
ing is one of the best, most
comprehensive textbooks avail-
able on the lighting of interiors.
It includes not only detailed
schedules of illuminance for
different types of space, it offers
a welter of good lighting design
advice, a survey of various
visual effects and an extensive
glossary of terms.
5. SLL (CIBSE) LightingGuide 3 (LG3) – The Visual Environment forDisplay Screen Use
LG3 is probably the most used
document over the last decade
in terms of lighting specification
for offices. The document com-
prises an erudite dissertation on
the issues, problems and solu-
tions of lighting spaces for
VDTs. The document has, how-
ever, been generally misapplied
in that users ignored the objec-
tives of lighting the room but
rather defaulted to compliance
by luminaire selection only.
To counter this problem the SLL
issued an Addendum in 2001
that dropped the “Category”
rating system for luminaires and
instead introduced a “Certificate
of Conformity”, which addressed
all the relevant issues, and requi-
red the room, not the lighting
equipment, to Comply with LG3.
While retaining some of the use-
ful design tenets of the earlier
LG3, including the need to put
light onto walls and ceilings, the
Addendum adopted very odd
criteria for ceiling lighting – and
missed an opportunity to up-
date its advice on VDT screens:
A. The latest LG3 puts too
much emphasis on lighting the
walls by prescribing a task/wall/
ceiling illuminance ratio of
100/50/30. However, wall illumi-
nance really only has significance
This Highly Commended installation was designed by Pinniger & Partners in1993, predating the LG3 Addendum by 8 years. This is simply a Category 3 lumi-naire modified by a dropped defractor to put light on walls and ceilings.
The latest generation of MELLOW LIGHT (IV) showing excellent wall and ceil-ing luminance.
Bu
ildin
g S
ervi
ces:
Jo
nes
Kin
g
As long ago as 1997 BS
EN 29241-7 (Ergonomic Requi-
rements for Office Work with
Visual Display Terminals) recom-
mended screen testing, to dis-
cover the actual glare limits of
individual types of screen, but
LG3, written four years later,
does not recommend this course
of action – instead it has arbi-
trarily chosen a fixed upper
luminance limit on fittings of
1500 cd/m2. This figure was not
chosen on the basis of any
genuine research and is already
massively out-of-date, as the
real figures for different VDT
screens in the Table on page 25
show. Some modern screens
can now tolerate luminances
above 5000 cd/m2 without cau-
sing visual discomfort.
for the visual appearance of
cellular offices (where much of
the wall area is likely to be gl-
azed in any case). In the vast
majority of offices, which are
open-plan, the walls are gene-
rally too far away to make much
of a contribution to the visual
scene.
We would argue that in terms of
the visual appearance of most
office spaces, getting light onto
the ceiling is far more important
as the large area of the ceiling
dominates the peripheral vision.
However, ceiling brightness is a
luminance issue, not a question
of illuminance (is LG3 compliance
really going to be tested by
engineers standing on desks,
holding their illuminance meters
up to the ceiling?). And the best
way to ensure a bright ceiling is
by using direct/indirect lighting
systems. Situations where a
direct/indirect approach is not
possible, due to low ceiling
heights, are discussed on page
50–51.
B. More importantly, LG3 is
still fixated on lighting for VDT
screens rather than people,
whereas recent advances in flat
screen VDT technology threaten
to make this issue a dead duck
within two years. Most modern
positive (black on white) flat
screen VDT terminals are not
susceptible to luminaire reflec-
tions – but in any case they can
be easily tested to determine
their actual susceptibility.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 21
With no view to the exterior this training centre is saved by the direct-indirectlighting solution.
Arup Associates own offices illustrate the benefit of direct-indirect lightingdespite the low ceiling height.
Current Guidance and its Limitations
6. SLL (CIBSE) LightingGuide 7 (LG7) Office Lighting Guide
The draft copy of this document
is fairly extensive, but few people
will find the document of great
interest. In fact it is unclear why
it has been produced at all,
except as a fund-raising mea-
sure. LG7 has all the hallmarks
of being written by a committee
over an extensive period of time
– for example, all the criteria
relating to VDT lighting remain
the same as LG3 Addendum
2001. However, there is no
mention of EN 12464-1 or
EN 29241 and most of the com-
mentary is very basic and ele-
mentary. Most worryingly, it
makes a recommendation, that
the illuminance ratio of the
ceiling to the working plane
should be 20 % – another 10 %
lower than even LG3 and the
BCO Guide – which would
de-prioritise the lighting of the
ceiling even further.
7. BS EN 12464-1
BS EN 12464-1 has recently
been published as a British
Standard in an endeavour to
harmonise lighting standards in
Europe – an effort that has
taken many years. EN 12464
does not give detailed design
advice and in this regard the
SLL Code for Lighting (see
page 22) seems set to remain
the “bible” of applied interior
lighting.
One major development embo-
died in BS EN 12464-1 is that
the concept of “maintained illu-
minance” and the UGR glare
index system have been intro-
duced to Europe for the first
time, although the UK has been
familiar with these for years.
EN 12464-1 also contains an
extremely low (1000 Cd/m2) VDT
luminance limit which is clearly
nonsensical today, but probably
reflects the time the document
took to prepare and produce.
height = 0.75 m
task area
user floor-area1.00 m
To avoid gloom, increase the percentage of light on the ceiling far beyond therecommended levels.
Pillars and air-conditioning are two more considerations when designing “taskarea” lighting.
8. The Disability Discrimination Act
While it is not possible to dis-
cuss all the measures pertaining
to lighting and the interior en-
vironment embodied in this Act,
we firmly believe that lighting
that has been well designed,
according to the approach spelt
out in this brochure, should
meet all the necessary require-
ments. However, it should be
stressed that designers should
take cognisance of the Act,
and the needs of the visually
impaired, when proposing a re-
duction in workplace light levels,
for energy-saving or other pur-
poses.
BS EN 12464-1 strongly encou-
rages designers to adopt “task
area” lighting (known in the UK
as localised lighting) which is the
positioning of luminaires over, or
close to, the main working area.
This is defined as the desk area,
plus the notional chair zone, as
depicted in the diagram oppo-
site. It proposes lighting to
500 lux within the task zone,
reducing to 300 lux elsewhere.
Localised lighting systems have
long been considered in the UK.
Reduced power density and
energy usage make them attrac-
tive but they do require the
designers to know the space-
planning at early concept stage.
This is not likely in the specula-
tive developer led UK market.
9. Conclusion
Many of the current lighting
codes and recommendations,
most notably LG3, LG7 and
Part L, are way behind con-
temporary lighting research –
and on the whole, do not offer
effective guidance to produc-
ing quality lighting design for
the workplace. Others, such
as the BCO Fit-out Guide and
the BREEAM proposals, are
flawed but also have much to
commend them.
On the whole, Zumtobel Staff
prefers to base its approach to
lighting design on the principle
of lighting for people and their
visual comfort. We believe that
the findings of the most advan-
ced lighting research offer a
more solid starting point for
lighting excellence, than out-of-
date codes and confused and
contradictory recommendations.
In the following Section, we out-
line our distinctive approach to
some of the central issues.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 23
Lighting for People: MELLOW LIGHT IV Balanced offers the opportunity to alter the colour temperature throughout the day in response to user preference.
Key Issuesin Workplace Lighting
“We find beauty not in the thing
itself but in the patterns of
shadows, the light and the
darkness, that one thing
against another creates.”
– Jun’ichiro Tanizaki, In Praise
of Shadows
When thinking about office light-
ing design, there are a number
of key issues that need to be
considered. In this section we
look at these issues in the light
of the most recent research out-
lined above – and put forward
our considered design recom-
mendations and solutions. By
designing “outside the box”,
rather than within the confines
of the orthodox, but misguided,
recommendations embodied in
the codes, we will demonstrate
that more pleasant, visually
comfortable and stimulating
office spaces can be created as
a result, while at the same time
achieving a Certificate of Con-
formity.
1. Taking the ScreenTest Results
The luminance limitations given
in LG3 are not emphatically
derived and bear no resem-
blance to actual fact.
Above is a table of actual mea-
sured data for many types of
screen. The screens were origi-
nally tested following Lloyd,
Mizukami, Boyce, A preliminary
model of lighting display interac-
tion 1995 and more recently BS
EN 29241-7. Ergonomic requi-
rements for office work with
visual display terminals.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 25
Lmax (cd/m2)positive
Make and Model Date ofmanufacture
ClassType
9500 CRT LG Flatron 915 FT Plus Dec-02 I4900 FPD Nokia 500Xa 15" FPD Jun-99 I4400 FPD Compaq TFT 5005 15" FPD Oct-00 I3800 FPD LG Flatron LCD 575 MS 15" FPD Nov-00 I3700 FPD NEC Multisync LCD1760NX Apr-03 I3700 CRT Samsung Syncmaster 700 IFT 17" CRT Nov-99 I3500 FPD NEC Multisync 1810X Nov-01 I3500 FPD Nokia Pro 800+ 18" FPD Oct-99 I3200 FPD Dell Ultrashop 1504FP Nov-02 I3100 CRT Ilyama LS902UT Visionmaster 1451 Feb-02 I3000 FPD NEC 208UX+ Nov-03 I
2700 FPD Ilyama TXA 3813MT 15" FPD Not Known I2500 FPD NEC 1980X Jan-04 I2200 CRT Compaq 7500 PE1163T Feb-02 I2000 FPD LG 560LS Jun-01 I2000 LAPTOP Toshiba Tecra 8000 LAPTOP Jun-98 I1900 FPD Samsung Syncmaster 700 TFT 17" FPD Not Known I1800 FPD LG Studioworks 500 LC 15" FPD Feb-99 I1700 FPD LG 1510S Aug-02 I1700 FPD Samsung 15" FPD Not Known I
LG3:2001 B2.1 1500 cd/m2 limit1400 FPD LG Studioworks 880 LC 18" FPD Dec-99 I1400 CRT Dell D828L 14" CRT Dec-97 II1300 CRT Samsung Syncmaster 753s Oct-01 I1200 CRT Samsung Syncmaster 550s 15" CRT Not Known I
LG3:2001 B2.1 1000 cd/m2 limit900 CRT AOC 4NLR 14" CRT Jan-95 I
Blurred Image
Luminaire types withenhanced brightness
Sharp Image
Typical “Cat 2” modular downlight
Reducing tolerance toreflections
Darker luminaires =Gloomy, oppressive
downbeat environment
Increasing tolerance toreflections
Brighter luminaires =Light, airy, upbeat
environment
Please visit our website for further details: http://www.zumtobelstaff.co.uk/screentesting
“Standards and Regulations
are out of step with Current
Research”– Bob Venning, Director of Arup
Lighting, LEN April 2004
Key Issuesin Workplace Lighting
1. Taking theScreen Test – Conclusion
As we have already demonstrat-
ed, the correct procedure for
determining the glare limits of
VDT screens is not to set an
arbitrary figure but actually to
test them, as recommended in
BS EN 29241-7 Ergonomic
Requirements for Office Work
with Visual Display Terminals,
1997. Some of the latest results
for modern screens are shown
in the table on page 25. In fact
in the UK only Zumtobel Staff
currently undertakes screen
brightness tests, according
to the recommendations of
BS EN 29241-7. We believe this
is the correct course of action,
rather than designing the entire
office lighting scheme around
mere supposition. So we offer a
service to all our clients to have
a sample VDT screen tested at
our state-of-the-art facility.
More recently ISO BS EN 13406:
2002 entitled Ergonomic requi-
rements for visual display units
based on flat panels has been
introduced. BS EN 13406:2002
is based on the same basic prin-
ciples as BS EN 29241 but with
additional measurements and cal-
culations required. These are
included in the Zumtobel Staff
testing of such screens.
Contact our Technical Depart-
ment for more details.
www.zumtobelstaff.co.uk/
screentesting
“Ceiling Brightness Impression”
or CBI for short, which takes
into account the visual bright-
ness of the fittings themselves
as contributors to the overall
brightness of the ceiling.
Erroneously, this is something
that CIBSE and SLL have pre-
cluded in LG3.
So let’s examine a user’s real
visual impression of two office
spaces. In this visual test, there
are two vistas of the same office
equipped, firstly, with recessed
louvre light fittings and, secondly,
with recessed dual component
fittings, both seen from normal
viewing angles. It is quite clear
that the ceiling in the second
installation appears considerably
brighter, even though the illumi-
2. Putting Light on the Ceiling
On previous pages we discussed
the importance of putting light
on the ceiling, in terms of the
overall visual brightness of the
space. This is best done with
direct/indirect luminaires, offering
variable ratios of lighting distri-
bution, which can be digitally
controlled for different condi-
tions and times of day.
However, as we have already
discussed, this is not always
possible, due to low ceiling
heights or the requirement to
maintain an existing grid of
recessed luminaires. Here we
recommend an alternative
design approach which we call
Since time immemorial luminaires with a sidelight component (opal diffusers inthis case) have contributed to the appearance of ceiling brightness.
Layout of Zumtobel Staff’s screen test laboratory.
nance of the ceiling surfaces is
the same.
The only conclusion is that the
brightness of the luminaires
themselves makes a real contri-
bution to the ceiling’s overall
brightness, because the eye
combines the different bright-
ness contrasts within the field
of view. This is the principle of
the term Ceiling Brightness
Impression (CBI). The use of
self-luminous, dual component
fittings can be seen to have a
positive effect on how the en-
vironment appears – and, at the
same time, dark, non-self-lumi-
nous luminaires can have a
negative effect on CBI.
To demonstrate further the
importance of CBI, Zumtobel
Staff has developed special
software based on the repu-
table, well-established CIE Glare
Algorithm, to enable accurate
calculations to be made of the
exact additional brightness
gained from the use of self-lumi-
nous, dual component fittings.
The results come in the form of
a table of CBI values for lumi-
naires viewed both crosswise
and endwise, which can then be
added to the existing percen-
tage of task illuminance on the
ceiling, to derive the total ceiling
brightness (see website for
more details).
In conclusion, dual component
luminaires, such as MELLOW
LIGHT or SYNTO, make a
strong contribution to the CBI
of a space, whereas non-self-
luminous luminaires (such as
standard “dark light” louvres)
have a negative effect on CBI.
In both cases the CBI effect
must be taken into account,
because brightness contrasts
strongly influence the cognitive
experience of a space and a
users’ appreciation of its visual
quality.
There is no logic to CIBSE and
SLL’s refusal to allow luminaire
brightness to be considered as
an important, contributory factor
in the apparent brightness of
the ceiling. If the overall objec-
tive of any lighting design is (in
the words of the BCO Fit-out
Guide) “the creation of a com-
fortable, stimulating visual en-
vironment by careful control of
surface brightness and contrast
ratios”, how can CBI not be
taken into account?
For further information about
CBI or information on our CBI
calculation software, go to our
website:
www.zumtobelstaff.co.uk/CBI
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 27
Dark louvred fittings give an impression of a dark ceiling while self-luminous luminaires quite evidently make the ceiling appear brighter.
Key Issuesin Workplace Lighting
3. Walls in the Cellular Office
The lighting of walls becomes a
major issue in cellular offices,
which tend to be the premium
office spaces arranged around
the perimeter of the building.
Most often two of the four walls
will comprise windows and
glazed interior partitions. The
window wall will require effec-
tive, light-coloured blinds for
solar control by day and to aid
the lit effect after dark, when
they serve to reflect light back
into the room, rather than the
window appearing as an unlit
dark hole.
We would generally recommend
multi-component luminaires for
such spaces to increase the
degree of ceiling brightness –
these could be direct/indirect
systems or dual component fit-
tings (see page 50). Where
downlighters are used, it is
important to select one of the
interior walls and make sure
that it is well lit, through the
use of additional perimeter wall
washers.
4. GuaranteeingConformity
The concept of the Declaration
of Conformity, to be signed by
designers at the end of a light-
ing project, to guarantee its
compliance with codes on ergo-
nomics, health and energy use,
was proposed in the latest LG3
document – probably in too
hurried a fashion, without suffi-
cient consultation. As a result
take-up has been patchy, partly
because it is not a legal obliga-
tion and designers are worried
about it affecting their professio-
nal indemnity. The main drivers
of the Declaration of Conformity
are Zumtobel Staff and the
BCO, whose Fit-Out Guide calls
for the artificial lighting to be
“provided with a Certificate of
Conformity to LG3 and Part L”.
We feel that the Declaration
of Conformity is a useful vehicle
for allowing and encouraging
good designers the freedom to
work “outside the box”, to pro-
duce creative, visually interest-
ing lighting schemes. In such
cases, only trained, experienced
members of the CIBSE Society
of Light & Lighting (SLL), the
International Association of
Lighting Designers (IALD) and
the European Lighting Design-
ers’ Association (ELDA) should
be given the responsibility for
issuing a Declaration of Confor-
mity to LG3 or Part L.
Without windows, providinggood illuminance on somewalls makes all the difference.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 29
LG3 2001: Certificate of Conformity
Society of Light and Lighting
International Associationof Lighting Designers
European Lighting Designers’ Association
AWB_Workplace_Q_Produktb_UK.qxd 03.05.2005 11:20 Uhr Seite 29
Natural Light, Active Light& Balanced Light
“Surfaces define the shape of
our world; light allows us to
see them.”
– George M Whiteside, On the
Surface of Things
1. Working with Daylight
While artificial lighting has be-
come increasingly sophisticated
in recent years, it can’t compare
with our greatest light source –
daylight. Daylight and sunlight is
free, unlimited, non-polluting
and full of variety – and research
shows that access to daylit
views is seen as highly desirable
by office users.
So on visual comfort and energy-
saving grounds, any modern
workplace must recognise the
presence and desirability of day-
light – and should be designed
to make best use of it, in a fully
integrated manner.
However, natural daylight pro-
vides both a threat and an
opportunity. Direct sunlight can
create uncomfortable visual
conditions – excessive illumi-
nance, discomfort and disability
glare, screen reflections, and
sometimes constant, rapid
change – as well as thermal dis-
comfort. Brightness contrasts
within a space can be consider-
able for people moving in and
out of a direct sunlit area.
Diffuse daylight from an over-
cast, but possibly still quite
bright, sky solves many of the
problems associated with direc-
tional sunlight. The light quality
is generally diffuse with slow
rates of change and reduced
contrasts.
Despite the contribution daylight
can make, modern artificial
lighting is nearly always planned
with the “worst case” scenario
in mind – i.e. that it is completely
dark outside. Many buildings
employ conventional switching
techniques which often mean
that all the light fixtures remain
switched on, irrespective of the
daylight state. More sophisti-
cated buildings often employ
various forms of photocell-based
lighting control system, which
are, on the whole, usually speci-
fied to achieve one purpose
alone – energy savings. This
usually means that as daylight
increases, artificial lighting is
dimmed; and when daylight
reaches a sufficient level, it is
eventually switched off.
While the energy savings accrued
by such a system are signifi-
cant, little account is taken
during this process, of lighting
quality. This is because lighting
control system sellers are, in the
main, electrically biased, rather
than qualified in lighting. They
tend to consider energy as the
number one, easily quantifiable
target, while issues such as
glare, contrast and the psychol-
ogy of the lit space, do not im-
pinge on their thinking. Zumtobel
Staff believes that simply dim-
ming down or switching off
artificial lighting, as daylight
increases, is an over-simplified
approach – in fact, in many
situations it may be desirable
to increase the light output of
artificial lighting as daylight
increases.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 31
Natural Light, Active Light& Balanced Light
We also believe that the provi-
sion of blinds should be part of
the fundamental lighting design
package for any building. While
blinds are conventionally seen
as part of the architectural de-
sign, their relevance to lighting
should not be under-estimated.
During the day properly desig-
ned, light coloured blinds can
be used to maximise the advan-
tages of daylight, while avoiding
the downside of glare – and
at the same time, they can pre-
serve important exterior views
from inside the building. Particu-
larly in small cellular offices,
they also have a vital role to
play at night, by acting as light
reflectors on one, or occasio-
nally, two window walls, which
has a huge influence on the
lit effect within the space.
Without blinds, the windows
become “black holes” after
dark, allowing a great deal of
wasted light to exit the building.
Manually controlled blinds are
the norm but experience shows
that user positioning invariably
leads to a chaotic and messy
appearance. Electrically operat-
ed, automatically controlled
blinds are normally outside the
scope of ordinary control sys-
tems that typically use internal,
room photocells which cannot
cope with sophisticated require-
ments. The provision of blinds,
preferably properly automated
and controlled, is a fundamental
factor in the visual comfort of an
interior. Yet they are seldom
provided in the basic Cat A fit-
out for office developments (see
page 16–17). Instead, they tend
to be provided as part of a Cat
B, tenant fit-out after the light-
ing design and installation has
long been completed. A sub-
standard, uncoordinated result
is almost inevitable.
The highly sophisticated blinds used here turn conventional wisdom on itshead. When fully open they allow an unrestricted exterior view but with possi-ble glare issues. The compensation for this are the bright interior surfaces.
When the blinds are fully closed the view out is partially preserved and theglare threat eliminated. However, contrary to conventional thinking, ceiling illu-minance is increased because the blinds are designed as “sun scoops”.
2. Lighting for the Perimeter Zone
Moving into the building away
from the windows, we come
across the “transition zone” or
“perimeter zone” between natu-
rally lit and wholly artificially lit
interiors. This often neglected
area is critically important in
determining the appearance,
feel and balance of the entire
space. For a start, the contribu-
tion of daylight can, depending
on the window design, remain
significant even considerable
distances into the space. For
example, while high levels of
daylight within the perimeter
areas tend to create bright,
upbeat environments, those
workers who are positioned
closer to the centre of the
building may experience the en-
vironment as gloomy and poorly
lit, due to the contrast of their
space with the perimeter.
In this situation there is a strong
argument for different lighting
systems to be used in perimeter
and deeper plan areas, to ease
the transition from daylight to
artificial light. However, the
standard solution has been to
apply a uniform, regular array
across both these areas, ignor-
ing that they are completely
different (except at night). Alter-
natively there is a strong ten-
dency to put circular recessed
downlights along the window
wall, for no rational reason
other than the fact that ceiling
sections here tend to be solid,
so precluding rows of recessed
downlight troughs.
Where possible, Zumtobel Staff
advocates designing specific
and different lighting layouts and
types for the daylight and deep
plan zones. Either area could
use Combination lighting or
Balanced lighting, both of which
could also be Active Light sys-
tems.
These 2 photographs are of the same office but inside and outside the perimeter zone. The areas are functionally similar but are fundamentally different in theiraccess to daylight and therefore require different but complimentary lighting approaches.
Full height windowsallow high levels of day-light but the extremerisk of glare makesblinds essential. Thechoice of blinds in thissituation follows goodpractice – they are lightin colour and preserve a view. The artificiallighting illuminates allsurfaces providing agood balance of bright-nesses.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 33
Sla
ug
hte
r &
May
, L
on
do
n
Natural Light, Active Light& Balanced Light
3. Active Light
Daylight changes constantly in
quantity, directional characteris-
tics and colour. The Active Light
concept, pioneered by Zumtobel
Staff, is an attempt to introduce
an element of change into artifi-
cial lighting in order to mimic
the patterns of daylight. Surveys
show that people prefer the
dynamic, constantly changing
character of natural lighting and
the objective of artificial lighting
ought to come as close as pos-
sible to this ideal.
The best Active Light systems
allow:
• Changing intensity of light
• Changing direction of light
• Changing colour of light
• Changing patterns of daylight
through blind control
At the same time, by taking
into account our “circadian
rhythms”, which are determined
by our biological clock and
synchronised by daylight, it is
possible to influence human
physiology and psychology, and
thus increase motivation and
performance. From an ergono-
mic point of view, it is desirable
that the working environment
changes over the course of the
day, in order to enhance the
attention of staff. A series of
carefully designed lighting
scenarios, based on the kind of
research outlined on pages
12–16, can both enhance and
echo exterior illumination – and
enhance people’s motivation
and willingness to perform.
These two scenes show how, by using the LA TRAVE direct/indirect lighting system, the lighting ambience can be changed dynamically across the day to suit different conditions.
4. Balanced Light
The most important aspect of
the Balanced Light concept
is that it offers variable Flux
Fraction Ratios (FFR), which is
to say the potential to vary the
upward and downward lighting
components. This can be achie-
ved using a single luminaire,
such as the Zumtobel Staff La
Trave fitting, equipped with sep-
arately controllable lamps for
direct or indirect lighting. This
allows almost infinite variation in
the character of the lighting.
Alternatively, Balanced Lighting
might be achieved by a combi-
nation of two luminaire types,
such as a downlight and a free-
standing uplight.
Dimming the two light sources
(or components within a single
fitting) gives access to quantity
variations, while the separate,
selective control of the direct
and indirect lighting compo-
nents can be used to alter
fundamentally the directional
character of the light. Equipping
the luminaires with mixed colour
temperature light sources also
allows fundamental colour tem-
perature changes, making it
possible to balance the colour
characteristics of the lighting
from warm and homely through
to cool and businesslike.
5. Combination Lighting
Combination Lighting is a rather
simpler lighting set-up which
involves two or more types of
luminaire to achieve any lighting
effect – for example a simple
downlight, combined with a peri-
meter wallwasher. In its simplest
form, Combination Lighting
could be just bulk switched
on/off, or separately switched,
or dimmed – and the FFR
needn’t necessarily change.
LUXMATE EMOTION Workspacecombines intuitive control andextremely professional use ofDALI technology without actua-tors and dimmers; a specificACTIVE LIGHT script based onscientific and ergonomic know-how can be prepared for officelighting.
A balanced light installation which also uses most of the principles of Active Light.
A combination of recessed dual component luminaires and perimeter down-lights. A new standard at Canary Wharf.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 35
Natural Light, Active Light& Balanced Light
6. Controls
The BCO Fit-out Guide states
that lighting controls are a fun-
damental part of lighting design.
The simplest controls provide
energy savings and flexibility
but more sophisticated systems
can be used to integrate day-
light in a more genuine way.
Measuring incoming daylight
and adjusting artificial lighting
levels accordingly seems like a
simple method of integrating
artificial and natural light. Yet
user acceptance of this simple
technique can be very low
unless lighting controls are
carefully designed. Most sys-
tems employ ceiling-mounted
sensors, which measure inci-
dent light in the room – but they
can be easily “fooled”, since
they measure a combination of
natural and artificial light.
While changing light levels are
desirable, the illogical fluctuation
of illuminance resulting from
poorly designed sensors is one
of the main reasons why day-
light control systems are often
sabotaged by users. By con-
trast, Luxmate Professional*
daylight systems use a roof-
mounted sensor which measur-
es the quantity of light, its
direction and overall sky bright-
ness, in order to register accu-
rate changes in the amount and
quantity of daylight and adjust
the lighting and blinds automati-
cally.
Even Zumtobel Staff Basic day-
light systems use sensors which
are aimed out of a window
in order to register accurate
changes in natural lighting,
rather than measuring a mis-
leading combination of daylight
and artificial light.
The Basic daylight module then
allows three separate groups of
luminaires to respond differently
to daylight. So, for example,
a row of perimeter luminaires
illuminating the wall sections
between the windows, or the
window mullions, could be
programmed to dim up as day-
light increases. This will reduce
the contrast between wall and/
or mullions and the windows
themselves.
Any artificial lighting deserves
the use of lighting controls, the
most sophisticated of which
offer control of individual lumi-
naires, or even the individual
lamps within those luminaires.
The controls software should
permit a variety of scenes to be
pre-programmed and called up
at any time. For Active Light
situations, specific Active Light
software, which is easy-to-use
yet highly sophisticated, is
essential.
* www.luxmate.co.uk
This novel “partial” blind system is automatically activated at night and at cer-tain times of the day. The suspended LIGHTFIELD luminaires create very evenlighting to the ceiling, walls and closed blinds.
Here the blinds are lowered sufficiently to filter out glare at high angles butallow sunlight to penetrate at low levels, preserving the wonderful patternsand shadows of daylight.
7. Scene Setting
The value of scene setting as
a lighting control technique
has largely been lost in recent
years. Over-complicated con-
trols, which force the end user
to default to factory pre-sets,
coupled with poor understand-
ing by controls professionals
of lighting issues, means that
balanced and easy-to-use
scene-set systems are few and
far between.
Scene setting is often misunder-
stood as being the ability to
preset several different lighting
levels of one luminaire type in
a given room. Its real value
involves the ability to choose
different lit effects in a room,
which infers there should be
several luminaire types, each
performing a different function.
In this way users can generate
their own “stage sets” to create
different lighting moods within
the space, for different activities.
Realistically, such scene settings
can only be orchestrated when
the space planning and function
of the room is known, and the
interplay of blind control for
daylight is integrated into the
various scenes.
These two photos show how scene-setting controls can create a totally different ambience and lighting balance within a space.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 37
Scene setting can evenbe applied to circulatoryareas.
Further Considerationsin Workplace Lighting
Ph
oto
: R
TR
afn
Sig
ur∂s
son
“More and more, so it seems to
me, light is the beautifier of the
building.”
– Frank Lloyd Wright
1. Lamp Brightness
It is an unfortunate fact that as
modern lamp sources get small-
er and more efficient, their sur-
face brightness increases – this
can be a problem with open
light fixtures in an office, where
a small, but very bright light
source can create visual distrac-
tion in the field of view. Even in
luminaires with vertical louvres,
which reduce the sideways visi-
bility of the lamp, the view
directly upwards into the fitting
can be visually uncomfortable
and can often be peripherally
glimpsed as a distracting area
of brightness – what has been
dubbed “eyebrow glare”. This
issue of lamp brightness is
much more significant in interior
spaces, where people are
working over a full working day,
than in a circulation space or a
sales area.
The chart below demonstrates
the current range of T16, T26
and compact fluorescent lamps
with their recommended bright-
ness threshold zones. If these
lamps are used in open fixtures,
one should always consider
some form of lamp obscuration.
In general the brightness of
High Efficiency (HE) T16 flu-
orescent lamps at 15,000–
17,000 cd/m2 are within tolera-
ble limits for direct viewing – but
High Output (HO) lamps at
between 25,000–32,000 cd/m2
exceed these limits, while TC-L,
TC-D and TC-T lamps are even
brighter, at 30,000 cd/m2 up
to a massive 70,000 cd/m2,
depending on wattage.
Of course, many of the latest
luminaire concepts have human
visual comfort as the highest
priority – and therefore have
some form of integral lamp
obscuration device. Examples
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 39
from Zumtobel Staff include the
Aero fitting, with the Eldacon
Panel which uses a technique of
“distributed” lamp image, and the
Mellowlight range, where the lamp
is diffused by a Gridmesh optic.
Several other Zumtobel Staff pro-
ducts have refractor accessories
that can be added to mitigate the
problem of using HE T16 lamps.
For this reason we would unequi-
vocally recommend specifying an
HE lamp, rather than its HO equi-
valent, in any luminaire offering a
direct view of an unshielded lamp
from any position in the work-
place. In 600 mm modular lumi-
naires this is always an option. In
addition, there are energy saving
benefits – as their name suggests,
HE lamps trade lower light output
for higher energy efficiency (in
fact, energy efficiency is about
15 % greater for these lamps).
However this is not always possi-
ble – see page 41.
Luminance ofFluorescent Lamps
MPO technology incorporatedinto the LIGHTFIELDS rangeovercomes the lamp glare ofeven the latest light sources,with little effect on the LOR.
Further Considerationsin Workplace Lighting
2. Lamp Operating Temperatures
Another important consideration
in choosing lamps is the issue
of operating temperature. In
former times fluorescent lamps
lost efficiency when used within
enclosed luminaires – and lamp
efficiency was improved by
forced ventilation of the fitting,
for example by the return air
from the air conditioning sys-
tem. However T16 lamps are
designed to operate at higher
temperatures and are therefore
most efficient within enclosed
luminaires (see graph above).
Most importantly, they cannot
be used in the return air stream
of air handling luminaires – see
3. Air Handling Most contem-
porary office fittings are not only
small in scale, commensurate
with the T16 lamp itself, but
their operating efficiencies are of
significantly higher order than
T26 or most TC-L lamp options.
3. Air Handling with T16 and TC-L Lamps
The issue of air return lumi-
naires, still a popular option with
M&E consultants, is another
important consideration.
Modern T16 lamps are designed
for maximum efficiency at high
temperature, so to draw chilled
air across the lamps is likely to
reduce operating efficiency by
as much as 25 %. Supply air can
also be a problem when dischar-
ged in close proximity to a T16
luminaire. The diagram above
shows a solution to the return
air path that bypasses the lamp
compartment altogether. Maxi-
mum air volumes for generic
luminaire types are readily avail-
able.
Please contact the Zumtobel
Staff Technical Office for
advice
Optimum light output for T26 and T16 lamps is achieved at 25 °C and 35 °Crespectively.
Bypass air handling in the MELLOW LIGHT IV, with either TC-L or T16 lampoptions, avoids any cooling of the lamp.
4. Ceilings and theirInfluenceon Lamp Choice
In an ideal world, lighting which
incurs an ongoing revenue cost
in a building, should dictate the
choice of ceiling. However for
good reasons to do with lettable
space, there is a growing trend
for 500 mm as the base building
module, which gives 1500 mm
multiples for partition choice.
A 500 mm square luminaire
size is not a good choice with
respect to lamp choice, because
it narrows the options to TC-L
and TC-D lamps which have the
relative high brightness and are
less efficient than current best
practice T16 lamps.
If a designer is faced with such
a ceiling grid, our advice is to
change to 750 mm luminaire
size which can either fit into a
750 mm square ceiling grid, or
into a 1500 mm square tartan
grid ceiling.
The 750 mm square luminaire
uses 600 mm T16 lamps in a
luminaire variant that has extend-
ed flanges as shown in the pic-
ture above.
A fully updated matrix of these
various options is available from
our Technical Department.
Contact us on:
enquiries@uk.zumtobelstaff.co.at
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 41
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Further Considerationsin Workplace Lighting
5. Colour in the Workplace
The issues of colour and colour
temperature in the modern
workplace are increasingly
important to consider, as the
technologies for achieving
such effects proliferate almost
daily. Below we assess the
most common techniques and
their associated problems and
opportunities.
• Lamp Colour Temperature
The issue of lamp colour tem-
perature is a perennial issue
in office lighting design. In
bygone days the usual choice
was a lamp with an “interme-
diate” colour temperature of
around 4,000 K. However, the
situation is now more compli-
cated as a result of three main
shifts in technology and re-
search data:
Firstly, premium offices will
more often than not have a
dimming facility, at least within
the daylight zone. In the quest
to match more closely the arti-
ficial lighting with daylight
within those zones, there is
now a wider acceptance of
“cooler” colour temperatures.
Secondly suspended fixtures
with variable flux fraction ratio
(FFR), such as Zumtobel Staff’s
LA TRAVE fitting, are gaining
greater acceptability. Here it is
possible to use a different
(usually “cooler”) colour tem-
perature lamp for the upward
component, and a “warmer”
colour temperature for down-
ward focal glow (see page 35).
Thirdly, as explained on page
15 there is much evidence
from the so-called “third eye”
research to support the use of
extra high colour temperature
lamps with a high blue con-
tent, in 24-hour workplace
facilities, to help maintain sus-
tained alertness.
• Secondary Lamp Systems
The latest version of the
acclaimed, and much-copied,
MELLOW LIGHT system –
MELLOW LIGHT IV – has the
potential to incorporate sepa-
rate colour lamps, which can
be used to create distinct
areas of colour, in addition to
white light (above and below).
These might be used to add
coloured highlights within an
otherwise bland space.
2700 K 6500 K
MELLOW LIGHT IV Balanced
Recessed luminaire
Surface-mounted luminaire
AWB_Workplace_Q_Produktb_UK.qxd 03.05.2005 11:22 Uhr Seite 42
• Coloured Tints for Mood and
Identity
While intense areas of satu-
rated colour, which can be
visually distracting, are not
advisable for office spaces,
Zumtobel Staff does offer an
option for coloured additive
tints inside some luminaires,
such as MELLOW LIGHT
and PERLUCE. These can be
used to add visual interest,
to create distinctive moods
within the space – or to desig-
nate specific zones or work
functions, to aid team cohe-
sion and/or orientation in large
buildings.
• Working with Self-Illuminat-
ing Surfaces
ACTIVE LIGHT WALL systems
or internally illuminated screens
hiding RGB colour changers,
are the latest methods for
adding colour to vertical sur-
faces, such as walls. By using
RGB colour mixing, a huge
palette of colours can be cre-
ated and distributed over even
large surface areas. These can
range from subtle pastels to
intense, saturated hues. The
use of intense coloured effects
could be most effective in pro-
viding focus and impact in
meeting spaces, break-out
zones or common parts. Or
alternatively colour could be
used to mimic windows in day-
light-starved, deep-plan spaces.
6. Discomfort Glare (UGR)
Within the UK, the concept of
glare limits has been around
since 1961. However during the
era of “low brightness” VDT
louvre products, with very low
UGRs, the subject was very
rarely addressed. Now with the
growing prevalence of so-called
“dual component” fixtures,
glare calculations are again
necessary.
The latest Dialux design soft-
ware offers a Glare calculation
module which is very useful.
One aspect of this programme
is a new ability to calculate
UGRs from an array of counter-
rotated luminaires. This can be
used where the “side view”,
which is the brightest aspect
of the luminaire, exceeds the
recommended glare limit for
offices of UGR 19. If alternate
luminaires are set endwise and
crosswise, very often the UGR
will be compliant.
Please contact the Zumtobel
Staff Technical Office for more
information.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 43
Balanced colour luminaires used in a refectory. Colour changing: morning, noon and night
Further Considerationsin Workplace Lighting
* “Calculated on the projected fuel mix for the grid 1998–2000. Actual figures may vary from the projections, but DEFRA (Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs) plan to use a constant value until 2010.”
** See the UK’s 2002 National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI) www.naei.org.uk for long haul flights
1 quantity 54 W T16fluorescent lamp –62.6 kg/annum*
One large office building (1m sq. ft) –1,000,000 kg/annum*
One 747 return flight London to Singapore –1,000,000 kg per return flight**
CO2 EMISSIONS –a comparison
7. Energy
The measurement of energy
use is a crucial issue in today’s
post-Kyoto world. However, the
various methods and formulae
for measuring energy use in
relation to lighting are both
confusing and in some cases,
incompatible. In this section we
chart the variety of techniques
of assessing energy/power
loading in relation to lighting,
and unravel their advantages
and disadvantages.
Watts per Square Metre (W/m2)
Historically, energy use has
been erroneously measured via
installed power loading, calcu-
lated in watts/m2. Unfortunately
this crude method does not
account for the efficiency of the
luminaire or the length of time
they are switched on. And pre-
scribed targets vary enormously
– e.g. those in the CIBSE/SLL
Code for Lighting, for commer-
cial spaces vary from 7 W/m2
for fluorescent lighting offering
300 lux at the working plane up
to 18 W/m2 for HID lighting sys-
tems producing 500 lux – with
many other levels in between.
Perhaps significantly, the BCO
Fit-out Guide for Cat A schemes
indicates a figure almost
mid-way between these two
extremes, at 12 W/m2
With the advent of lower cost
controls and dimming, not to
mention scene-setting and com-
bination lighting schemes, a
more sophisticated approach
to predicting energy use is
necessary:
Watts per Square Metre per
100 lux (W/m2/100 lux)
We believe that this slightly
more refined measure would be
a better yardstick to use, as it
starts to take into consideration
the efficacy of the luminaire it-
self. Using this measure:
• A figure of 2.5 W/m2/100 lux
would be good practice for
uniform lighting.
• A figure of 2.0 W/m2/100 lux
for uniform lighting would be
indicative of “high output” T16
lamps used in very efficient
luminaires, with a high direct
component. These would
actually result in poor visual
conditions without some sup-
plementary lighting.
• A figure below 2.0 W/m2/100 lux
would be possible only with
localised and task lighting –
this combination can easily
achieve <1.5 W/m2/100 lux.
Luminaire Lumens per Circuit
Watt (LL/W)
Part L2 of the Approved Build-
ing Regulations (April 2002)
pioneered this term – a novel
concept that does take into
consideration the photometric
efficiency of the luminaire.
However, it does not necessarily
measure the efficiency of the
luminaire in putting light on the
task – or allow for the mainte-
nance factor.
For offices the prescribed limit
is 40 LL/W. In practical terms
this means using a combination
of lamps in the building that
have an aggregate efficacy
above 75 lm/W. Part L offers a
relaxation of 20 % if the lumi-
naires are “controlled”.
Kgs of CO2 per Square Metre
Per Year (Kg/CO2/m2/Year)
BREEAM has its own measure,
Kg/CO2/m2/Year, which predicts
true energy use in terms of the
production of carbon dioxide
(CO2). There is no direct refe-
rence to limits on lighting, but
credit points are awarded accord-
ing to a scale of overall CO2
production. A mid-range score
would be 60 kg/CO2/m2/Year. It
is interesting to note that to
achieve 500 lux at typical spac-
ing, a 54 W lamp would gener-
ate 10.9 kg/CO2/m2/Year – in
the UK a 54 W lamp burning for
2,500 hours produces around
62.6 kg of CO2 (some electricity
is not fossil fuel generated).
The Kyoto Protocol, which be-
came legally binding in Feb. 2005,
aims to curb and reduce the
emission of greenhouse gases,
particularly CO2, in an attempt to
control global warming. In
Europe (inc.the UK) the govern-
ments are taking the expedient
option by imposing energy restric-
tions on buildings and a Climate
Change Levy on businesses,
whilst avoiding the more difficult
issues of e.g. banning fuel hun-
gry cars, or taxing aviation fuel.
However important energy
issues are, consideration for the
employees in the buildings
should take precedence. Fortu-
nately visual quality need not be
compromised for the sake of
energy efficiency.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 45
Global Carbon ImbalancePredicting the Growth of CO2
Further Considerationsin Workplace Lighting
8. Emergency Lighting and Safety Liability
Employers are liable for the
safety of their employees. They
are required to carry out regular
assessments to identify areas of
risk – and most are required to
document areas of concern and
ways of rectifying the problem.
Part of this Risk Assessment
process covers the suitability
and sufficiency of the emergency
lighting system; it must also
specify procedures to ensure
continual testing, recording and
maintenance of the system.
In the past, perhaps through
ignorance, emergency lighting
has often been treated as a “fit-
and-forget” system but today
this attitude could potentially
threaten the very survival of a
business. Take the example of a
local area network power failure,
which is an increasingly com-
mon occurrence. If a defective,
self-contained emergency lumi-
naire, producing inadequate
escape route illumination, was
responsible for an injury during
evacuation, litigation could
result.
If the responsible party could
show that necessary Risk
Assessments had been con-
ducted and that a proper testing
and maintenance regime was in
place, then the business could
claim any legal costs on insur-
ance. However, if an adequate
audit trail of assessment, testing
and maintenance could not be
provided, then the insurance
company would be well within
its rights not to settle the claim.
Newer types of emergency light-
ing systems have eased the
burden on the shoulders of dili-
gent employers. Self-test, or
preferably centrally addressable
systems, can radically reduce
the through life testing costs
of emergency luminaires, but
this still leaves the maintenance
headache of self-contained
batteries. Alternative technology
solutions, based on decen-
tralised local battery systems
(Low Power Systems or LPS)
with automatic monitoring and
testing, may well begin to re-
place self-contained batteries
as the number one choice.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/onlite
This emergency sign may not be positioned most appropriately, but it doesnevertheless provide effective orientation and re-assurance in the event of anemergency.
Clear, unambiguous signing of the major escape routes is mandatory in anyworking building.
ONLITE Local: Self-contained
This emergency lighting solution
from Zumtobel Staff involves little
installation effort and relies on
Self Contained energy supply.
Performance Characteristics:
• Recommended for 25 to 50
emergency and escape sign
luminaires, with a maximum of
256 luminaires
• Offers a fixed emergency light
output
• The service life for an indivi-
dual battery is three to four
years – shorter with high ceil-
ing temperatures
• Functional testing of battery
and emergency fitting using
DALI system.
ONLITE SectionCentral: DistributedCentral Battery System
This emergency lighting solution
relies on dividing the system into
several self-contained circuits.
Performance Characteristics/
Requirements:
• Recommended for 50 to 500
luminaires
• Stairway function plus night-
time and security patrol
switching
• Offers individual setting of
emergency light output from
5–70 %
These two photos show an office building before and after a mains failure. This demonstrates how, in a genuine emergency, suitable and sufficient escape lighting and signage is critical.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 47
• Straightforward scalability with
no need for technical equip-
ment rooms
• The service life of the group
battery is extended, with an
option of five or ten years, due
to it being installed outside
potentially high temperature
areas.
• Functional testing by DALI/
Powerline.
SafetyInvestment costs
Maintenance costsFlexibility
SafetyInvestment costs
Maintenance costsFlexibility
Lighting Techniques –Comparing the Options
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 49
dimensional visual quality to
space. And by reducing overall
illuminance levels within the
facility, energy and maintenance
costs can also be reduced too.
3. Task Localised Lighting
Switchable and/or dimmable
local task lighting on or at the
desk is an increasingly popular
option in many offices, as a way
of boosting light levels at the
precise point where higher levels
are needed – and giving staff
some degree of local control in
the process. Such lighting can
be very useful for more elderly
staff who, research shows,
require much higher levels of
illuminance than younger staff
for visual tasks such as reading.
Although task lights involve
additional capital investment,
they can reduce energy costs by
permitting lower overall lighting
levels in the task area. However
task lighting is sometimes seen
as a stop-gap solution – it
should never be supplied as an
alternative to a well-designed
office lighting system.
There are a number of down-
sides to desk-mounted task
lights: if incorrectly angled, they
can appear as glare sources to
neighbouring staff; they take up
considerable desk space; and in
many offices, they can create a
significant cable management
problem, if added afterwards
and powered from wall-mounted
sockets.
For these reasons, well-desig-
ned free-standing uplights, with
a well-controlled downward task
component, such as FLEXOS,
LANOS or LIGHTFIELDS – or ver-
sions in which the fitting is fixed
to the edge of the desk or inte-
grated into screens – can pro-
vide a much better solution.
In addition free-standing uplights
are now available as standard
with SensControl incorporating
a daylight sensor and presence
detector to ensure ease of oper-
ation, reduced energy consum-
ption, and a “constant” level of
illuminance pre-selected by the
user themselves.
“It is with light that we can
bring soul and spirit back into
architecture and perhaps find
our own soul in the process.”
– Arthur Erickson
1. Uniform Lighting
Uniform lighting is the easiest,
most routine, lighting technique
to be applied to the office en-
vironment. It is most often pro-
duced by lazy contractors or
engineers, using basic design
software, without ever visiting
the space in question. It can
be easily created by a regular,
repetitive array of ceiling-mount-
ed luminaires, most often down-
lights. Such an approach is no
longer prescribed by the regula-
tions (see p. 16–23) and neither
is it advisable, creating as it
does, a very homogenous and
visually uninteresting lighting
scheme, without highlights or
any degree of shadow. It is also
wasteful of energy, as not all
areas within an office need to
be lit to the same level.
2. Task Area Lighting
Recommended in EN 12464,
the concept of task area lighting
is fundamentally in conflict
with the older uniform lighting
approach – and offers many
advantages over it. TASK AREA
lighting allows lighting levels to
be higher at the task area (typi-
cally, 500 lux) where visual tasks
are performed, while keeping
light levels lower in the surround-
ing spaces (300 lux). Compared
with a uniform array scheme,
such an approach offers the
freedom to utilise additional
accent lighting and wall-wash-
ers, which can give added visual
interest, by creating a multi-
Lighting Techniques – Comparing the Options
5. Dual Component Fixtures
Pioneered by Zumtobel Staff’s
MELLOW LIGHT concept, dual
component luminaires are fast
becoming a standard office light-
ing solution. They have a primary
direct lighting component that
can be created by a perforated
basket or Gridmesh, to shield
and diffuse the lamp – or alter-
natively there may be an open
louvre. The secondary compo-
nent is indirect, via a white, matte
reflector or secondary opalised
chamber. Some versions are
mounted flush with the ceiling
but others protrude below the
soffit, or are surface-mounted,
to increase illumination of the
ceiling. These luminaires are par-
ticularly recommended for situa-
tions where the ceiling is less
than 2.6 metres and direct/indi-
rect lighting cannot be installed.
4. Direct Downlighting
In all the research, direct down-
lighting solutions, using ceiling-
mounted or recessed luminaires,
have been shown to have the
lowest user acceptance of all
lighting systems. Used on their
own direct downlighters create a
very dark, oppressive visual am-
bience, with brightly lit horizontal
surfaces and underlit walls and
ceiling – an ambience which has
been dubbed the “dark cave”
effect. In fact, downlighting as a
sole lighting technique cannot
even meet the latest LG3 regula-
tions, which requires a scheme
to achieve 50 % of task surface
illuminance on the walls and
30 % on the ceiling. Therefore to
comply, downlighters must be
supplemented by other light
sources, such as uplighters and
wall-washers, which completely
negates any energy efficiency
and cost advantages which such
a system might have claimed in
less enlightened times.
Zumtobel Staff research has
established that downlighters
with louvres, which were original-
ly intended to prevent glare on
VDT screens, can still create
significant disability glare on key-
boards located below the fit-
tings, which can obscure the
letters/numbers on the keys.
This is a particular problem with
black keyboards which are cur-
rently very fashionable (beige
and grey is much less suscepti-
ble to the problem).
More London Bridge Audit Commission Project: Friarsgate, Solihull; Occupier: Audit Commission;Architect: BGP McConaghy Architects; Lighting Designer: Andrew Wilkes Management; Contractor: Genus; Photo Credit: Martine Hamilton Knight
60 % also allows for flexible
arrangements of individual work
stations.
However, against all convention-
al wisdom, which assumes that
direct/indirect lighting tech-
niques are expensive or ineffi-
cient, they can actually turn out
to be cheaper than downlighting
solutions, which now require
additional luminaires to conform
to current codes. One main rea-
son is that direct/indirect fittings
can be located at much wider
spacings than other types of
lighting, while achieving similar
illuminances.
7. Micropyramidal Optic (MPO) Luminaires
MPO is a new technology in-
volving an innovative lens sys-
tem to obscure the lamp image
and limit the luminance of the
fitting to 1000 cd/m2 at relevant
angles. Because these are en-
closed T16 luminaires, they are
very efficient – and the concept
can be applied to flush-recessed,
surface-mounted or suspended
luminaires, as in the Zumtobel
Staff Lightfields range. The
recessed version is very well
suited to low ceiling heights,
where an open louvre fitting
would be visually oppressive.
6. Direct/Indirect Lighting
In earlier chapters we have
summarised extensive research
showing that direct/indirect
lighting systems have massive
user support, in terms of visual
preference. Such systems com-
bine the advantages of direct
work station lighting and indirect
room illumination. The resultant
light distribution creates a pleas-
ant room atmosphere, noted for
its vertical illuminance levels,
good modelling and efficient
lighting of the task area. In
open-plan offices, generously
proportioned, bright ceiling
areas enhance the feeling of
well-being and an indirect light
component of greater than
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – PA S T, P R E S E N T A N D F U T U R E 51
An exemplary direct/indirect scheme – preferred by users. MPO in action in the form of flush-mounted LIGHTFIELDS luminaires.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 53
“To shift the paradigm oflighting specification and installation in com-mon practice towards ergonomically designedlighting solutions.”
Mission statement of theLight Right Consortium,USA (2001–2004)
Application Areas
Workplace Lighting –
Workplace Lighting –Application Area Case Studies
This section offers an easy-to-
understand, illustrated guide to
the ideas and lighting solutions
discussed in the rest of the
brochure, using photos of light-
ing schemes, from exemplary to
poor, for the major types of
work space in a modern com-
mercial building. Each photo
has a short detailed commen-
tary – and where necessary, is
cross-referenced to lighting
issues and product information
in other parts of the brochure.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 55
“It’s about attracting and retain-
ing the best people. We’re in
the war for talent. The building
inspires – that’s what makes it
special.”
– Andy Rubin, PENTLAND
(2003 BCO “Best of the Best”
Award winner)
EMI HQ, 27 Wright’s LaneBCO Awards 2004 Refurbished/Recycled – National (and London) Winner
Architect: MoreySmith
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 57
Open Plan Offices
This office with above average floor-to-ceiling heights, is well suited tolighting with the suspended direct/indirect CLARIS luminaire. The luminaires run perpendicular tothe main fenestration and to the cen-tral atrium. They are dimmed in response to day-light levels (effect over-ridden for thisphoto).
www.zumtobelstaff.com/clariswww.zumtobelstaff.com/mlwww.zumtobelstaff.com/miral
The Audit Commission require pre-mium working conditions to recruitthe right calibre of personnel. MELLOW LIGHT IV was chosen hereas part of an expressive interiordesign scheme that is contemporary,without being over elaborate. Notice the light and airy appearanceachieved without daylight. Colour tints, available as accessories,are used to delineate different depart-ments and circulation areas.
Photo courtesy – Andrew Wilkes Management
This installation at a major CanaryWharf bank is state-of-the-art in ener-gy-saving terms, achieving less than2 W/m2/100 lux – but that doesn’tguarantee good lighting. The luminaires are a variant of theMIREL fitting with a semi-specularlouvre mounted in a “service tile” within a “tartan grid” ceiling, muchfavoured in the premium office market.The lit effect is typical of offices withdeep floor plates, where most staffare distanced from daylight. The characteristic scollops on thewalls and shadowing at desk dividersis evident. This photo also shows the dominatingvista of the underlit ceiling.
Developer – Argent Estates Ltd.Architect – Lifschutz DavidsonBuilding Services Engineer – RogerPreston Associates
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 59
Open Plan Offices
Offices at Diageo’s world HQ in WestLondon, with lighting design by IndigoLight Planning, has a staggered array of dual component luminaires,equipped with a louvre for the princi-pal downlight element.The space has manual blinds bothinto the atrium and the exterior andthe effect also works well at night. Note the very high reflectivity fromthe carpet and desks and the smallbut influential colour accents.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/ml
Forbury Square, with lighting designby Roger Preston and Partners, has full height glazing and a central atrium. The potential for energy savings is met by the SYNTO luminairesinstalled in a regular array. Each lumi-naire is dimmable and has the abilityto pre-set maximum light levelsaccording to the function or decor ofthe space. From the pre-set value the fixture willdim down to balance with daylightlevels – or dim down to zero if trig-gered by the inbuilt absence sensor.
Lighting design – Roger Preston andPartners
The electric lighting at North Lanark-shire Council’s office is shown withthe daylight excluded. The surface-mounted MELLOWLIGHT IV with “gridmesh” diffuserscores very highly in lamp obscura-tion. However, the ceilings, walls and othervertical surfaces are still well illumi-nated, despite a very dark carpet.
User and Consultant – North Lanark-shire Council
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 61
Open Plan Offices
Pentlands European HQ, designed byarchitects GHM Rock Townsend, wasthe BCO Best of Best Award winnerin 2003 and not unnaturally there is astrongly co-ordinated design influencethroughout the building. This is well demonstrated in the open-plan offices which are illuminated by MELLOW LIGHT III, with its diffuserbasket dropped below ceiling level,offering lamp shielding for comfort. There is considerable daylighting
allied with an unusually high reflect-ance floor covering, while the stimul-ating colour accents on the columnssignals the company’s commitment toa strong team culture (MELLOWLIGHT III has since been supercededby the innovative MELLOW LIGHT IVrange).
www.zumtobelstaff.com/mlwww.zumtobelstaff.com/lightfields
Developers Peel Holdings built this premium office space in Trafford Park, Manchester. Commendably, the Cat A fit out took a Cat B approach and included MELLOW LIGHT lumi-naires and the blue carpet (but not the blinds). Note the faces of the occupants and the other vertical surfaces are well-illuminated due tothe soft polar curve of the fitting. The hue of the carpet and the nightscape of the Trafford Centre through the window isreflected in the ceiling.
Occupier – Peel Holdings - Speculative OfficesDeveloper – Peel HoldingsArchitect – Chapman Taylor Architects ManchesterBuilding Services Engineer (Electrical Consultant) – WSPLighting Designer – Zumtobel Staff/WSP
This refurbished office space at Arup Associates has restrictedceiling height. However the very shallow LIGHTFIELDS system can still be usedsuccessfully. At first sight there appears to be too much uncontrolled daylight(despite the blinds) – but note how effectively LIGHTFIELDS illu-minates the internal mullion walls, thereby reducing contrast. The 1000 cd/m2 luminance limit of LIGHTFIELDS suits the oldertype screens in use.
Occupier – Arup AssociatesArchitect & Engineer – Arup AssociatesBuilding Services Engineer (Electrical Consultant) – Arup Associ-atesLighting Designer – Arup Associates
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 63
Open Plan Offices
An interesting re-modelling of thisspace by OMI Architects employssuspended, direct/indirect CLARISluminaires, despite a fairly low ceiling. The walls appear quite dark due totheir distance from the luminaires, but this is strongly mitigated by thesystem’s high uplight component. This area would have been a visualdisaster area if illuminated only bylouvred downlights.
Occupier – OMI ArchitectsArchitect – OMI Architects
This very successful combinationlighting scheme by Atco Consultants,uses both suspended and wall-mounted versions of the OREAdirect/indirect luminaire. The fittingsare equipped with SLC (side lightcoupler) Waveguide optics to reducethe luminance levels of the fittingsabove 65°. The end result makes for a very successful, visually comfortableworkspace, despite the lack of day-light.
An interesting ceiling design and asso-ciated lighting solution at Lincoln Uni-versity. The continuous runs of CLARIS direct/indirect luminaires are suspended hori-zontally from a sloping ceiling whichbreaks out into a skylight. The overall effect is very pleasingdespite the close offset “hot spot” onthe ceiling at its lowest point.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/clariswww.zumtobelstaff.com/waveguide
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 65
Open Plan Offices
This high-ceilinged space with plentyof daylight, at Imperial College, London, is equipped with suspendedSPHEROS direct/indirect luminaires.
Even at night these accentuate thespaciousness of this office, despitelow floor reflectance and extremelydark overdesk storage dividers.
However, over extensive periods of work, these dark dividers couldcause eye strain, due to the constantadaptation the eye will have to makebetween task and background.
Royal School of Mines, Imperial CollegeArchitect: Sheppard RobsonConsultant: Norman Disney Young
This minimally styled CAD-intensivedesigners’ studio, at Arup Associates,has been appropriately fitted out withlong, continuous runs of the OREAdirect/indirect luminaires. The fittings express excellent designsynergy with the interior architecture,echoing the square columns anddropped, linear ceiling section. The light distribution on the ceilinghas good diffusion, with a gradualchange of luminance, to avoid disrupting the visual calm of thespace.
Buro Happold’s own offices exhibitconsiderable design ingenuity andmake use of the ultimate office lumi-naire on the market – AERO with anEldacon Waveguide® panel, whichworks to distribute the lamp image, in order to minimise glare. As a result the interior is bright, airyand visually stimulating, despite thedark floor.
User and Consultant – Buro Happold
It is rare to find any single project in which a widerange of lighting design approaches can be used. Here is the office mezzanine floor, with a centralatrium, at Buro Happold’s offices, which is treatedin a very interesting manner. While extensive daylighting is central to the scheme, here it is supplemented, unusually, byCOPA high-bay fittings suspended above the double-height zone.
User and Consultant – Buro Happold
www.zumtobelstaff.com/spheroswww.zumtobelstaff.com/copawww.zumtobelstaff.com/waveguide
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 67
Open Plan Offices
This company (SSL International)clearly has comfort in the workplacehigh on the agenda as demonstratedby the chair and MELLOW LIGHT IVinstalled as base-build in this Pre-mium Development.
Unusually, using laptops with theirown LCD screens, which have lowerluminance levels than most standalone screens, would mean preferencefor lower illuminance to compensate.The LCD telecom cradle at near verti-cal inclination would have had muchcomplaint from overhead open lou-vres, as would the black keyboards.MELLOW LIGHT IV Gridmesh solvesthese problems.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/ml
Faces, walls, ceilings, columns are all well lit – thekey to successful office lighting.
Interestingly there is a beige keyboard which ishugely better than black, for veiling reflections, yetthe telecom cradle is not only black and has anLCD display, but it is near optimal in angle foroffending veiling reflections from the overheadlighting. Fortunately MELLOW LIGHT IV Gridmeshgreatly mitigates this likely problem.
Not a Premium Grade specification for an office but it certainly looks it. The MELLOW LIGHT IV Q luminaireworks so well in its empathy with daylight, putting light on the walls, columns, and ceiling: BrightnessManagement at its best.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 69
Cellular Offices
The legal profession has a highdemand for private offices, of whichthis scheme at Slaughter & May, is typical. It is located on an atrium perimeterwall with glazed partition to the corri-dor. Despite the flush-mounted MELLOWLIGHT luminaires, there is plenty oflight on the crucial wall, facing theuser’s desk position. Due to the diffuse nature of the illu-mination, there are no harsh shadowson the desk from the overhead storageshelves.
Developer – Helical BarArchitect – Sheppard Robson
www.zumtobelstaff.com/mlwww.zumtobelstaff.com/waveguidewww.zumtobelstaff.com/miral
Here the staggered lighting array works in favour ofilluminating the right wall.The unseen left wall is only lit by one luminaire.The shadows in this view show the strongdirectionality of the downlighting. The photo also demonstrates that ceiling illumin-ance in small rooms is important – the walls facingthe user are, however, crucial.
Note the semi-translucent blind quite commonlyused to mitigate sky glare whilst maintaining a viewto the exterior. Used at night the blind kills the harshness of theoppressive dark glazing but it contributes little tothe brightness within the room. However had the blind been white, it would nothave afforded a view. The best kind of blind to use might have beenlight-coloured and perforated.
This meeting room is lit with suspend-ed AERO luminaires offering goodillumination of the main interior sur-faces. However, one interesting feature isthe glazed partitioning, where the middle section provides both a degreeof privacy and also a surface to pro-vide important vertical luminance.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 71
Cellular Offices
Driven by BREEAM, the BCO and others, the quest to provide a view tothe exterior has led to an enormousamount of glazing in contemporarycellular offices, in order to make themtransparent. However, as can be seen at Pentland’sHQ, there are still some solid verticalsurfaces which should be well lit. The MELLOW LIGHT fittings achievethis task well.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/mlwww.zumtobelstaff.com/lightfields
This glazed office again providessome view to the outside – and thefree-standing LIGHTFIELDS combinesgood ceiling lighting with a degree oflighting to the task. Fitted with an occupancy detector, itswitches off automatically when thespace is empty.
The apparent width of this narrowcellular office is increased by usingMELLOW LIGHT luminaires surface-mounted crossways. The good lighting of ceiling and wallsurfaces increases the apparent roomsize and blends well with daylight. Note the external blinds which arepopular in continental Europe.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 73
Dealer Rooms
Lehman Brothers’ dealer rooms atCanary Wharf, London use the ultimateoptic for a dealer room – the AEROluminaire with Eldacon® Waveguidepanel, mounted in continuous rows upto 70 metres long. The ceiling brightness is kept suffic-iently high throughout this deep-planarea and the column heads are alsowell lit. The AERO luminaires are controlled bythe main LUXMATE building lightingcontrol system, which allows the wholefloor to be pre-set to a chosen lightlevel. They can be daylight-linked, if necess-ary.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/mlwww.zumtobelstaff.com/waveguide
This view of Lehman Brothers’ dealing rooms show the extraordinarydensity of screens – both desk-mounted monitors and large suspend-ed data screens. The quality of lighting in such a spaceis critical.
Architects – Cesar Pelli & Assoc.,Swanke Hayden ConnellConsultant – Hilson Moran Partner-ship
There is little daylight penetration into this space at the Bank of Nova Scotia, yet the MELLOWLIGHT luminaires do a good job of lighting theinternal surfaces. However, note the potentially distracting luminaireimage reflected in the specular metal ceiling – agood example of how the lighting and interior de-sign might have been better integrated.
Again, this space at the Bank of Nova Scotiashows effective lighting of all the main interior sur-faces, including the light-coloured blind. In this night time shot, the blind becomes anotherbright vertical surface, rather than a black hole created by an unshielded window.Note the brightness-robbing effect of the extensiveblack IT hardware.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 75
Dealer Rooms
This office at Reuters is not a dealerroom but its intensive high-tech nature presents many of the sameissues. The lighting is provided by MELLOWLIGHT III luminaires with a droppeddiffuser basket and despite the blindsbeing closed, this intrinsically darkspace, with even darker IT hardware,looks bright, spacious and comfort-able. Note particularly the well-lit farwalls and ceiling.
Lighting design: PME
www.zumtobelstaff.com/ml
This novel approach to lighting a dealing space atUBS Warburg works admirably, with all the surfaceswell lit, including the upper walls. This was achieved using the QUARTOS square down-lighter luminaire with a suspended circular deflectorto divert a proportion of light output back up into thecoffer. The energy penalty was negligible when com-pared to the user benefits.
This mid-‘90s dealer room at Barings ING shows the now obsolete ID-VM luminaire,which was by far the most advanced office lighting system of its type. The conventional way to light these spaces at the time was with “dark light” down-lighters, due to the industry’s obsession with preventing reflections in display screens. This highly successful installation proved that excellent lighting for VDTs need not result in “cave-like” environments.
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W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 77
Control Rooms
The NATS Air Traffic Control Centrenear Southampton is perhaps themost critical visual environment imag-inable – lives could be at risk if thescreens are not fully visible. The custom-designed direct/indirectlighting system demonstrates thetype of lighting chosen by a team ofdesigners to create an ideal visualenvironment without any compro-mises.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/claris
The layout of suspended luminaires inthis building services control room atHeathrow Airport reflects its name –the Star Centre. The ceiling layout means that thespacing between luminaires variesenormously, yet there is no hint ofthis in the lit effect due to the soft-edged light distribution.
This highly unusual space, with slop-ing windows and exposed services,has been equipped with suspendeddirect/Indirect CLARIS luminaires. These illuminate all the surfaces,which is essential in a space thatcould so easily have become coldand grey.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 79
Control Rooms
This space has a low ceiling heightand is lit entirely with circular down-lights, with predictable results. However, an otherwise dark ceilingtakes on some brightness, due to thereflected image of the large datascreen on the metal ceiling, and thelight coloured desking.
The artificial lighting in this space is not clearly evi-dent – however without careful design and effectivewindow blinds, there could be occasions when themulti-panelled displays positioned against the win-dows will be impossible to read.
This shipping control centre at Harwich equippedwith Category downlights-exhibits high horizontalilluminance and strong shadowing. In this instance a 24-hour view out of the windowswas essential, which precluded direct/indirect lu-minaires and all-round interior brightness (the LUXMATE dimming-system allowed dimming downto 3 % in order to mitigate against disabling reflec-tions off the glass at night).
The lighting at this installation is de-signed to create good illumination tothe work surface, using suspendedRTX louvres, while avoiding spill lightonto the wall-mounted displayscreens. The hidden cove lighting, which sur-rounds the display screen panel, creates good background illuminancewhile leaving the screen surroundsrelatively dark.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/rtx2www.zumtobelstaff.com/panoswww.zumtobelstaff.com/emotion
Call Centres
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 81
Wessex Water (left and above),designed by Bennetts Associates, won the highest BREEAM accolade of“Excellent”. Seen at dusk, the interior lighting com-prises a series of special CLARISdirect/indirect luminaires, designed tofit into the structural linear coffer. As there is no ceiling to baffle thesound, the luminaire has perforatedwings which are filled with acousticdampening material.Also included are presence detectorsand call indicators.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/clariswww.zumtobelstaff.com/waveguide
This call centre at Careers, Scotland, benefits enormously from intensecoloured highlights and the use of suspended OREA luminaires, which offergood illuminance on all the main room surfaces.
Consultants – DMP Consulting
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 83
Call Centres
This space at the Orange call centrewould have been unbearably gloomyif fitted out with louvred downlights. The black and orange house coloursused in the interior design come outquite well from the column-mounteduplights and the recessed MELLOWLIGHT IV gridmesh luminaires. Thelatter include an orange filter withinthe left/right secondary light chamberto emphasise the circulation areas.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/mlwww.zumtobelstaff.com/miralwww.zumtobelstaff.com/panoswww.zumtobelstaff.com/spheros
This installation at London Bridge hasinteresting scalloping in the recess,additional wall washing and very lightcoloured surfaces. In combination these features savewhat could easily have become anoppressive space, particularly withthe lack of any daylight.
This large call centre for MISCO pre-sented a range of challenges for thelighting designer but the end result isquite superb. MIROS (free-standinguplights and) spotlights mounted atan accessible height, direct light atthe suspended mirrors. The resultantre-directed light enters the centralarea when daylight is insufficient. Theperimeter workstations are well lit byindirect/direct LA TRAVE luminaires toemulate the daylit areas.
Consultants – Rolton Services
This Category louvre installation des-perately needs some auxiliary lighting,to mitigate the bright desk surfaces litto over 600 lux – note the dark verti-cal surfaces in the foreground. The narrow window mullions are un-evenly illuminated and the plantingcould also have benefited from de-dicated accent lighting.
Communication Areas/Meeting Rooms
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 85
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This adventurous Danish meeting roomcantilevered over the atrium benefitsfrom huge amounts of daylight – but isnot recommended for those sufferingfrom vertigo.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/waveguidewww.zumtobelstaff.com/lighttoolswww.zumtobelstaff.com/lightfields
In this space at the RIBA building inLondon designed by Visual Energy,suspended direct/indirect AERO lumi-naires, combined with surface mount-ed LIGHTFIELDS in the lower ceilingareas, create a light, airy and cheerfulcharacter to facilitate open discussionand exchange of ideas.
This diverse, multi-functional meetingspace at Rolls Royce has dramaticvisual appeal, with its combination ofambient and accent light sources. However, the lighting was designedfor circular meeting tables, which wassubsequently changed, which high-lights the need for good co-ordinationbetween the lighting designer andinterior designer.
Here a combination of softer direct/indirect lighting and directional down-lighting creates a space with goodtask lighting features, while retainingan element of drama. This is a goodexample of how the lighting in amulti-use space for face-to-face meetings, projections, presentationsand so on, can be modified to suit allneeds.
Communication Areas/Meeting Rooms
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 87
This feels like the sort of space whereimportant decisions are made. Clusters of LIGHTFIELDS luminaires,ceiling recessed downlights, sill-re-cessed uplights and integrated blinds(both to the internal and external spaces), all contribute to the creativecorporate ambience.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/lightfieldswww.zumtobelstaff.com/waveguidewww.zumtobelstaff.com/claris
This meeting room is treated with asimple, suspended AERO solution,which balances well with the daylightflooding in from the left.
This meeting and training space withcentral room divider, requires maxi-mum flexibility. The suspended CLARIS fittings offer nicely balanced illumination ofthe main room surfaces – and arearranged to work equally well whenthe room is split into two.
A multi-media room that would be excellent for video-conferencing, offering, as it does, good facial modelling of the people around thetable, through the use of OREA sus-pended luminaires. Note too the blinds for daylight ex-clusion and privacy.
Break Out Zones
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 89
A classy break-out zone at Slaughter &May. One of many situated right at theheart of the building, they signal theirpresence by the use of strong primarycolours and clean, bright lighting.
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Three views of different break-outzones in the same offices belongingto McCann Ericksson. An almost identical lighting concepthas been used in each space, but the designer’s careful selection of fur-nishings has created spaces rangingfrom relaxed to funky.
Occupier – McCann ErickssonArchitect – Bowker Sadler PartnershipBuilding Services Engineer – HoareLea AssociatesLighting Designer – Bowker SadlerPartnership
Break Out Zones
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 91
This “break-out” zone at Orange is situated on theperiphery of an open-plan space, next to a photo-copier, and has identical lighting to the rest of thespace. It is debatable whether brightly coloured chairs anda colourful, curved partition would be sufficient toallow workers to distance themselves, even for afew minutes, from routine tasks. Differentiated lighting could have made all the difference.
This media suite at Diageo has been given anunconventional high-tech lighting scheme used toreflect and underline its futuristic function andimage.This break-out zone at the Audit
Commission is situated in the middleof the work zone but is visually demar-cated from it by the careful use ofscreening, furnishings, colour andlighting.
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Perhaps more of a tran-sient service facilitythan a break-out zone,this space uses identicallighting to the offices.
Storage
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 93
Sadly, this kind of installation is all too frequent.Some of these storage cabinets must be almostunusable due to the poorly positioned and whollyinappropriate lighting.
This basement library area, deprived of light, has been equippedwith LIGHTFIELDS for maximum brightness and good verticalilluminance.
These functional filestorage systems havebeen equipped with asimple and logical light-ing solution – a line ofcantilevered fluorescentwall-washers whichwash light down thevertical stacks offeringmaximum visibility.
Effective lighting of office storageinvolves lighting the verticals and thebest solutions provide high levels ofuniform lighting from top to bottom.This example from retail, where lightingquality has a direct bearing on com-mercial success, shows highly uniform(VPI 1) wall-washing onto merchandiseand perhaps shows how designers ofoffice spaces could learn from theirretail counterparts.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/miralwww.zumtobelstaff.com/lightfields
Common Parts Stairs/Lift Lobbies/Atria/Entrance
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 95
The atrium is a favoured way of bringing light into the centre of a build-ing, but it can also make a strongcorporate statement by displaying thecompany’s offices and meeting roomsto the visitor in a dramatic way. Good office and meeting room light-ing can make a major contribution tocreating a favourable impression.
www.zumtobelstaff.com/mlwww.zumtobelstaff.com/slotlightwww.zumtobelstaff.com/panos
Entrance lobbies canplay several roles – inaddition to projectingthe corporate image,they may also havemore functional uses,such as security, so inaddition to decorativelighting, effective tasklighting may also beimportant.
This plain, simple stair-well could so easilyhave attracted a run-of-the-mill utility lightingscheme. Instead, thelighting design, even inthis back-of-office area,helps to differentiatethis workplace from others.
Large reception andentrance spaces such asthis succeed with theclever use of differentmaterials, and a wide vari-ety of luminaire types andlighting techniques. Theprimary, secondary, andtertiary areas of importanceare all instantly obvious inthis space. As is the pro-jection of the corporateimage.
Client – British LandArchitect and Building Services – Arup Associates
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Common Parts Stairs/Lift/Lobbies/Atria/Entrance
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A P P L I C AT I O N A R E A S 97
www.zumtobelstaff.com/spheroswww.zumtobelstaff.com/miroswww.zumtobelstaff.com/copawww.zumtobelstaff.com/panoswww.zumtobelstaff.com/ml
These two variations on the centralatrium/circulation space both requirewell-designed artificial lighting. The minimal space on the left has aseries of shadowed overhangs, parti-cularly on the ground floor, whichdemand good auxiliary lighting to bal-ance with the daylight; the examplebelow, at Pentland’s HQ, incorporateslarge projectors within the centralspace, to stand in for daylight afterdark – plus good soffit-mountedillumination of the perimeter walk-ways at each level.Each floor represents a different Pentland brand and a lot of effort hasgone into the interior and lightingdesign to differentiate them.
“Glare is not an unavoid-able curse in lighting: it ismerely a side effect ofincompetence.”
Jules Horton Lighting theInner Spaces
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – L I G H T I N G D E S I G N 99
Products and Resources
Workplace lighting –
This final section of the brochure offers a concisesurvey of the main products in the Zumtobel Staffportfolio that could be used (either singly or incombination) for achieving the optimum lightingresults discussed in Sections 1, 2 and 3. In addi-tion we offer information on our various supportservices, including technical backup and lightingcalculation and visualisation packages, as well assupplying a number of useful addresses and references that the reader may want to follow up.
Direct-Indirect Lighting SystemsAERO/OREA
“Best Practice in Dealer Room and Office Lighting”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/waveguide
AERO
Designed by leading Italian de-
signers, Sottsass Associati, the
suspended AERO direct/indirect
lighting system embodies a new
interpretation of lightness and
elegance in its impressively
shallow form, while combining
the latest light control techno-
logy, the Eldacon® Waveguide
system.
The patented micro-prism
structure gathers the light from
its T16 lamps and spreads
and directs it downwards in a
low-glare, batwing pattern
(<1000 cd/m2 at 65°) creating
comfortable, high efficiency
lighting which is perfect for
computer work-stations, lap-
tops and notebooks, irrespec-
tive of the angle of the screen.
Waveguide involves no conven-
tional reflectors or louvres but
its innovative micro-prism ma-
terial totally obscures the bright
lamp image while transmitting
the light with an efficiency of
70 %. AERO puts 76 % up-
wards onto the ceiling in a
broad distribution pattern, to
ensure uniform illumination of
the ceiling, with a low-glare
direct component of 24 %.
The main advantage of the
AERO system is that the lumi-
naires can be viewed from any
angle, with no distracting reflec-
AERO Eldacon® double waveguideOptions
tions on screens and displays,
which permits unrestricted
arrangements of lighting units
within the space. AERO lumi-
naires come in two designs –
the Softline version, with round-
ed details, and the hard-edged
Geometric version – each of
which is available with single or
double Waveguide panels and a
range of lamp wattages.
Design: Sottsass Associati
Softline
Geometric
• Single or double Waveguide• SLC alternative Waveguide• Cord or pendant suspension• Titanium colour• Continuous-row option• Transparent cable feed• Dimmable DALI
Distributed lamp image via microprisms.
Typical Cat. no: 40 968 437 USN-ID 2/54 W*
* ELDACON® is a registered trademark of SitecoBeleuchtungstechnik GmbH.
“The flying wings bring visual lightness to the space”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 101
OREA
OREA offers a further variation
on the suspended direct/indirect
lighting system, using the SLC®
Waveguide system in an elegant
ensemble. The luminaire uses
twin T16 lamps housed in the
central body – the light from
these is diffused out along two
tapered outer wings made from
SLC® Waveguide, a patented
linear, micro-prismatic material.
The innovative SLC Waveguide
material totally obscures the
bright lamp image while trans-
mitting the light with an efficien-
cy of 70 % creating comfort-
able, high efficiency lighting
which is perfect for computer
work-stations, laptops and
notebooks, irrespective of the
angle of the screen.
OREA puts the largest compo-
nent of its output onto the
ceiling in a broad distribution
pattern, to ensure uniform illumi-
nation of the ceiling, with a low-
glare direct component of 24 %.
The main advantage of OREA
is that the luminaires can be
viewed from any angle, with no
distracting reflections on screens
and displays, which means it
permits unrestricted arrange-
ments of lighting units within
the space.
Design: Bea Frois
OREA SLC® waveguideOptions
• Cord or pendant suspension• Continuous-row option• Circular version• Wall mounted version• Dimmable DALI
Typical Cat. no: 40 962 222 GZ-ID 2/54 W*
* SLC® is a registered trademark of Zumtobel StaffGmbH.
Direct-Indirect Task Area LuminairesFREELINE MP-ID Micro-pyramidal optic/C-I/ID Matt Bivergent® Louvre
“A new genre of direct/indirect”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/freeline
FREELINE MP-ID
FREELINE is a new genre of
linear suspended direct/indirect
luminaire that is a restrained
design to be perceived as part
of the architecture with empathy
to elements of an interior such
as partitions and furniture.
FREELINE MPO is a tandem
length elegant luminaire with
minimalist features and contin-
ious downlight via an MPO
micro-pyramidal optic having
< 1000 cd/m2 brightness and
generous uplight.
FREELINE is suited to average
ceiling heights and is suited to
lighting concepts that can move
away from uniform arrays to the
ideals of localised Task Area
lighting where energy loadings
can be halved as will be the
demands of the European
Energy Performance of Build-
ings Directive.
Design: Ingenhoven & Partners
FREELINE MP-ID OpticOptions
• Task MPO Optics at endsalso have uplight
• Dimmable DALI• Dimming on Demand
Typical Cat. no: 42 159 244 FREELINE MP-ID 2 x 1/49 W ASQ500*
“Louvres without the headache”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 103
FREELINE C-I/D
FREELINE Matt Bivergent Louvre
option is a sister product to the
FREELINE MPO, that is opti-
mised to Task Area Lighting.
The central compartment
houses an uplight only section
whereas the ends contain the
direct downlight louvre section.
When mounted over a task
area, the direct lighting thus
comes from the side to the task,
avoiding veiling reflections.
The Comfort Bivergent louvres
render extremely low brightness
< 200 cd/m2.
FREELINE C-I/D LouvreOptions
• Task Louvres at ends alsohave uplight
• Dimmable DALI• Dimming on Demand
Typical Cat. no: 42 159 236 FREELINE C-I/D 1/80 W + 2 x 2/24 W*
1/54 W, 1/80 W, 2/54 W Uplight
1/54 W, 1/80 W, 2/54 W Uplight
LouvreLouvre
2/24 Wdownlight
2/24 Wdownlight
task area
LouvreLouvre
2/24 Wdownlight
2/24 Wdownlight
task area
Uplight also fromTask Louvres
Sideways light reduces veiling reflections
C-I/D Louvre
C-I/ID Louvre
Direct-Indirect Lighting SystemsLIGHT FIELDS/SPHEROS
“The prismatic is dead, long live MPO technology”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/lightfields
LIGHT FIELDS
LIGHT FIELDS is a totally unique
lighting system that can be
used in a number of ways: as a
direct, surface-mounted light
source; in a suspended direct/
indirect configuration; as a free-
standing unit; or in clusters
which mimic the appearance of
a large skylight.
In whatever configuration, the
LIGHT FIELDS luminaire has a
restrained, unobtrusive appear-
ance, with its simple, slim con-
tours, strict geometrical form
and highly refined materials.
LIGHT FIELDS does not domi-
nate the architecture of the
space, but fits in discreetly.
Both the form and function of
LIGHT FIELDS is generated by
the innovative micro-pyramidal
optic (MPO), a further refinement
of Zumtobel Staff’s Waveguide
technology which has revolu-
tionised office lighting. MPO
technology takes the system
one step further by reducing the
luminance levels of not only pen-
dant luminaires, but also surface-
mounted and recessed lumi-
naires, to guarantee glare-free
lighting for VDU work-stations.
LIGHT FIELDS A-ID, indirect/direct
LIGHT FIELDS not only ensures
unusually brilliant lighting quality,
it also reduces direct and reflect-
ed glare to a minimum in con-
formity with the latest EN 12464
recommendations. Annoying
reflections on computer screens
and displays have become a
thing of the past – even on
notebook screens, regardless
of their angle of inclination.
MPO technology ensures that
from all angles one sees only
Diffuser layer
Light directing layerwith micro-pyramidalstructure
Supporting layer
the light, and not the lamp –
even with surface-mounted and
recessed versions offering pure-
ly direct light distribution. Des-
pite their high light output ratio
of 72 % (surface-mounted and
recessed versions) and 86 %
(pendant version), the luminance
at radiation angles above 65°
remains less than 1000 cd/m2.
Design: Sottsass Associati
Options
• 300 or 600 widths• Configurable into clusters• Surface, recessed, suspend-
ed and freestanding option
Typical Cat. no: 42 157 193 LIGHT FIELDS A-ID 2/54 W*
“Slim and minimalist with universal appeal”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 105
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/spheros
SPHEROS T16 C-ID
The classic SPHEROS shape
has now become a much imita-
ted lighting design icon, with
surface mounted, suspended,
individual or continuous versions
of SPHEROS all available.
There is even complementary
wall mounting and free standing
versions available to complete
the family. This enables a con-
stant design theme across the
workplace.
The wide range of optics all
available with or without an indi-
rect component can cater for
any aesthetic and technical
requirements and is perhaps one
Typical Cat. no: 42 154 954 SPHEROS C-ID 2/28 W T16 LDE TI ASQ1000*
of the reasons why SPHEROS
T16 has consistently remained
popular amongst specifiers.
Design: Hartmut S. Engel
SPHEROS C-ID 2/28 W T16 suspended, semi matt louvre
Options
• 1200/1500/2400/3000lengths
• Different louvre options• Surface mounting, continu-
ous-row and pendant rodversions
• Colour strips available• Dimmable DALI
BIVERGENZ®plusLouvre technology
The new generation of louvres, developedin the Research and Development labora-tories of Zumtobel Staff, optimises theinteraction between two unique technicaldevelopments. It combines the patentedBIVERGENZ®technology and the innovativeUnique®slats. 220
max
. 100
0
Direct-Indirect Task Area LuminairesTECTON Mellow Light and TECTON Louvre
“Ultimate Sustainability from Reconfigurability”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/tecton
TECTON Mellow Light
The TECTON Range straddles
a wide application range from
industrial through commercial
to retail and architectural.
TECTON features a continuous
bus bar trunking to which vari-
ous attachments can be clip-fit-
ted.
Key to the TECTON range is
choice of luminaire type, ease of
installation, and ease of re-con-
figuring which renders ultimate
flexibility for office churn.
TECTON Mellow Light brings all
the attributes of MELLOW
LIGHT IV to the TECTON
Range. The design execution in
detail is exquisite and the lit
effect is even better.
Design: Nicholas Grimshaw &
Partners
TECTON Mellow LightOptions
• Extensive TECTON SystemRange
• See TECTON Brochure formore details
Typical Cat. no: 22 160 106 TECTON-D ML 28/54 W*Specify also appropriate batten and accessories.
“Louvres with Flexibility”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 107
TECTON Louvre
TECTON Louvre is a functional
Workplace lighting luminaire with
direct-indirect distribution. The
louvre is a darklight with narrow
lamellae made from injection
moulded polycarbonate. The
luminaire is thus suited to loca-
lised lighting to task areas, but
combined with the TECTON
trunking, the whole system
renders extraordinary flexibility
to churn in Workplace space
planning.
Moreover there are other lumi-
naires in the TECTON Range
besides the Mellowlight, includ-
ing TECTON Dekoroptik and
TECTON Pool-light, which are
attractive contemporary designs
for the more domestic atmos-
phere needed in Break Out
Zones, Restaurants etc. within
the Workplace.
TECTON Louvre
Options
• Extensive TECTON SystemRange
• See TECTON Brochure formore details
Typical Cat. no: 22 157 522 TECTON-D ID 28/54 W*Specify also appropriate batten and accessories.
Direct-Indirect Lighting SystemsCLARIS II/VOLARIS
“Clear, unobtrusive, geometric, symmetric”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/claris2
CLARIS II MC-ID cord supension, titaniumOptions
• Cord or pendant suspension• Comfort or darklight louvre• Dealer Room refractor for
louvres• Opal Diffuser• Single and Twin lamp• Double length luminaires• Matching surface luminaires• Dimmable DALI
Typical Cat. no: 42 158 653 CLARIS II MC-ID 1/54 W*
The 3D model of the celllouvre shows the groove-shaped design whichprovides for optimumlight distribution.
CLARIS II/VOLARIS
The CLARIS II and VOLARIS
surface-mounted, wall-mounted
or pendant luminaires represent
the latest step in a long line of
successful louvre-based lumi-
naires for a wide range of work-
place lighting applications.
CLARIS II has an independent,
clear and unobtrusive appear-
ance, with its geometric, sym-
metric lines. VOLARIS offers the
same lighting features as its
“sister” model, but its curva-
ceous, flowing shapes and soft,
gently rounded appearance
offers an alternative architectural
aesthetic.
Both luminaire ranges use the
latest cell louvre technology
which set new standards for
this type of luminaire. For the
first time in linear fluorescent
systems, the louvre has been
manufactured from injection-
moulded materials, offering the
homogeneous 360° Bivergenz®
optic design. This means that in
terms of light distribution and
lighting effect, CLARIS II and
VOLARIS out-class luminaires
with larger louvres. They both
offer efficient, all-round glare
control, making undesired
reflections on screens and dis-
plays a thing of the past and
allowing maximum flexibility in
luminaire configuration.
CLARIS II and VOLARIS come in
four main variants:
• Darklight Specular Louvre
version, for particularly onerous
VDT applications;
• Matt Comfort Louvre version,
with its innovative micro-tex-
tured embossed finish, which
gives a high diffusivity to the
louvre surface, offering a very
soft image of the lamp, even at
high viewing angles. Despite the
matt finish, the product meets
the 1000 cd/m2 limit at 65º and
is the preferred choice for gen-
eral VDT office lighting.
• Matt Comfort Louvre with
Dealer Room refractor, specially
designed for the UK market,
which has a particular lamp
position that allows a prismatic
refractor to be added between
the lamp and louvre. This miti-
gates the lamp brightness,
which may otherwise cause
problems on dealer screens or
other LCD desk-based equip-
ment.
• Opal Diffuser model, de-
veloped for situations where the
designer wants the lighting to
be minimalist yet conspicuous.
The Opal Diffuser completely
diffuses the view of the lamp,
yet the lit appearance remains
crisp and even.
Design: A •G Licht Bonn
“A softening of lines”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 109
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/volaris
Typical Cat. no: 42 156 237 VOLARIS MC-ID 1/54 W*
VOLARIS MC-ID cord supension, anodisedOptions
• Cord or pendant suspension• Comfort or darklight louvre• Dealer Room refractor for
louvres• Opal Diffuser• Single and Twin lamp• Double length luminaires• Matching surface luminaires• Dimmable DALI
CLARIS II
VOLARIS
Dual Component Lighting SystemsMELLOW LIGHT IV Grid-mesh
“A Piece of sky”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/ml
MELLOW LIGHT IVGrid-mesh
The MELLOW LIGHT system,
now in it’s fourth refinement,
has set the benchmark for sur-
face mounted and recessed
office lighting for more than a
decade. The key aspect of its
design is that thanks to the
unique all-round glare control of
the grid-mesh diffuser, you see
the light but not the lamp, at all
angles of view. The usual glare
and distraction associated with
overhead lighting are eliminated,
while the subtly varied appear-
ance of the luminaire from
different directions adds visual
interest.
With it’s rounded polar curve
showing slow rate of change
of intensity, MELLOW LIGHT IV
epitomises good office lighting.
The often conflicting needs of
architectural quality, visual com-
fort, daylight integration and
control of screen reflections can
all be reconciled through the
unique qualities of MELLOW
LIGHT IV. For example, the main
visual surfaces, such as faces,
walls and furniture are better lit
by MELLOW LIGHT than by
conventional louvre fittings so
that the overall impression of
interior brightness is enhanced,
without added energy consump-
tion. The grid-mesh diffuser sets
a new trend for style that leaves
behind perforated diffusers. The
MELLOW LIGHT IV recessed, grid-mesh controller
grid-mesh diffuses the lamp, yet
integrates with the secondary
chambers to bring about an
attractive luminaire whether it is
switched on or off.
Design: Studio & Partners
Options
• 600/1200/1500 widths• Diffuser optic with slotted
metal sheet for all-roundglare control
• Dimmable Dali
Typical Cat. no: 42 106 224 ML4 B EB 2/24 W T16 M600*
1 SECONDARY CHAMBERacts as backlighting plenum to diffuser wings
2 TRANSLUCENT OPAL DIFFUSERWINGSutilising variable refractive indexplastic for high efficiency
3 TONAL COLOUR STRIPSprovide differential colour tonebetween primary optic andsecondary chamber
4 PRIMARY COMPARTMENTenclosed for optimal T16 lampoperation, and to improvemaintenance factor
5 GRID-MESH or SYNTO LOUVRECONTROLLER
1
234
5
“Tames even the brightest lightsources”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 111
MELLOW LIGHT IVGrid-mesh
The novel feature of the latest
MELLOW LIGHT model, desig-
ned by Studio & Partners, is the
primary light chamber so that
the fitting is enclosed, to stabi-
lise the lamp operating tempera-
ture, coupled with the secondary
light chamber concept, which
gives visual depth to the lumi-
naire. A degree of direct lighting
is available from the primary
chamber, using a variety of de-
vices, including grid-mesh and
SYNTO louvre. One of the
most useful characteristics of
MELLOW LIGHT IV is its flexibili-
ty – luminaires can be arranged
wherever you like in the room –
and its even, omni-directional
light output allows arrays to be
under or over spaced, without
adverse effects on uniformity.
Due to the higher lamp output
of versions using the TC-L lamp,
they consequently have higher
brightness’s (see published Lmax
values).
Typical Cat. no: ML4 B EB 1/80 W TC-L M625*This is a project specific solution. Alternative luminaire dimensions (e.g.600 or 750 mm) are available. Please contact your local Zumtobel Staffrepresentative.
MELLOW LIGHT IV recessed, grid-mesh controllerOptions
• 600/1200/1500 widths• Diffuser optic with slotted
metal sheet for all-roundglare control
• Dimmable Dali
1 SECONDARY CHAMBERacts as backlighting plenum to diffuser wings
2 TRANSLUCENT OPAL DIFFUSERWINGSutilising variable refractive indexplastic for high efficiency
3 TONAL COLOUR STRIPSprovide differential colour tonebetween primary optic andsecondary chamber
4 PRIMARY COMPARTMENTenclosed for optimal TC-L lampoperation, and to improvemaintenance factor
5 GRID-MESH or SYNTO LOUVRECONTROLLER
1
234
5
Dual Component Lighting SystemsMELLOW LIGHT IV SYNTO Louvre
“High levels of efficiency and comfort”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/ml
MELLOW LIGHT IVSYNTO
The MELLOW LIGHT SYNTO is
ideal for situations where a de-
signer may wish to have more
“focal glow” on the desk.
The SYNTO louvre option of
MELLOW LIGHT IV offers a
higher direct ratio onto the
working plane.
The louvre and grid-mesh
optics are interchangeable so
can be used in combination to
add even greater flexibility
and diversity to an installation.
The shielding angle from the
louvre gives conventional glare
control. This also provides
higher operating efficiency.
Design: Studio & Partners
MELLOW LIGHT IV recessed, SYNTO louvre controllerOptions
• 600/1200/1500 widths• Diffuser optic with slotted
metal sheet for all-roundglare control
• Dimmable Dali
Typical Cat. no: 42 106 232 ML4 B EC 2/24 W T16 M600*
1 SECONDARY CHAMBERacts as backlighting plenum to diffuser wings
2 TRANSLUCENT OPAL DIFFUSERWINGSutilising variable refractive indexplastic for high efficiency
3 TONAL COLOUR STRIPSprovide differential colour tonebetween primary optic andsecondary chamber
4 PRIMARY COMPARTMENTenclosed for optimal T16 lampoperation, and to improvemaintenance factor
5 GRID-MESH or SYNTO LOUVRECONTROLLER
1
234
5
“Optimised to get the best from TC-L lamps”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 113
MELLOW LIGHT IVSYNTO
The SYNTO louvre version of the
MELLOW LIGHT IV has also
been developed to maximise the
benefits of using compact fluo-
rescent TC-L lamps, which are
available in ever increasing
lumen outputs.
The MELLOW LIGHT IV SYNTO
has an optional visor which can
be used with the higher output
lamps, for example the 80 W
TC-L. This visor spreads and
distorts the lamp image by
broadening it, thus reducing
direct glare.
Typical Cat. no: ML4 B EC 1/80 W TC-L M625*This is a project specific solution. Alternative luminaire dimensions (e.g.600 or 750 mm) are available. Please contact your local Zumtobel Staffrepresentative.
MELLOW LIGHT IV recessed, SYNTO louvre controllerOptions
• 600/1200/1500 widths• Diffuser optic with slotted
metal sheet for all-roundglare control
• Dimmable Dali
1 SECONDARY CHAMBERacts as backlighting plenum to diffuser wings
2 TRANSLUCENT OPAL DIFFUSERWINGSutilising variable refractive indexplastic for high efficiency
3 TONAL COLOUR STRIPSprovide differential colour tonebetween primary optic andsecondary chamber
4 PRIMARY COMPARTMENTenclosed for optimal TC-L lampoperation, and to improvemaintenance factor
5 GRID-MESH or SYNTO LOUVRECONTROLLER
1
234
5
Dual Component Lighting SystemsMELLOW LIGHT IV Q Grid-mesh/SYNTO
“Single Source Solution for LG3”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/ml
MELLOW LIGHT IV Q
MELLOW LIGHT IV Q Grid-
mesh is a UK market driven
solution, optimised for achieving
light on to the ceiling. Necessar-
ily this means the luminaire can
not be flush and so the main
optic is below the ceiling level.
One unique feature of the
MELLOW LIGHT Q is that it can
easily be MELLOW LIGHT IV Q
used as a surface luminaire,
but it is actually designed to fit
into a 600 square lay-in grid
aperture.
The MELLOW LIGHT IV Q
derivative will put light on both
the ceiling and walls and thus to
most office applications would
be a single luminaire solution to
LG3.
MELLOW LIGHT IV Q semi-recessed, grid-mesh controllerOptions
• Colour tints available• VDT attenuator available• Balanced light version• Dimmable DALI
Typical Cat. no: 42 106 246 MELLOW LIGHT IV ML4 B AB 2/24 W T16 Q606*
1 SECONDARY CHAMBERacts as backlighting plenum to diffuser wings
2 TRANSLUCENT OPAL DIFFUSERWINGSutilising variable refractive indexplastic for high efficiency
3 TONAL COLOUR STRIPSprovide differential colour tonebetween primary optic andsecondary chamber
4 PRIMARY COMPARTMENTenclosed for optimal T16 lampoperation, and to improvemaintenance factor
5 GRID-MESH or SYNTO LOUVRECONTROLLER
12
34
5
“The no-risk louvre solution”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 115
MELLOW LIGHT IV Q
MELLOW LIGHT IV Q with a
SYNTO louvre gives all the
attributes of the grid-mesh ver-
sion but renders a higher direct
ratio onto the task area.
The louvre and grid-mesh optics
are interchangeable so can be
used in combination to add even
greater flexibility and diversity to
an installation.
Typical Cat. no: 42 106 252 MELLOW LIGHT IV ML4 B AC 2/24 W T16 Q606*
12
34
5
MELLOW LIGHT IV Q semi-recessed, SYNTO louvre controllerOptions
• Colour tints available• VDT attenuator available• Balanced light version• Dimmable DALI
1 SECONDARY CHAMBERacts as backlighting plenum to diffuser wings
2 TRANSLUCENT OPAL DIFFUSERWINGSutilising variable refractive indexplastic for high efficiency
3 TONAL COLOUR STRIPSprovide differential colour tonebetween primary optic andsecondary chamber
4 PRIMARY COMPARTMENTenclosed for optimal T16 lampoperation, and to improvemaintenance factor
5 GRID-MESH or SYNTO LOUVRECONTROLLER
Dual Component Lighting SystemsMELLOW LIGHT III
“You see the light not the lamp”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/ml
MELLOW LIGHT IIIRCE
The original in the MELLOW
LIGHT concept family of lumi-
naires which comprises of a
white painted involute reflector
for the indirect component and
a dropped basket for the lamp
diffuser. MELLOW LIGHT III
RCE.
A simple solution to the
Brightness Management philos-
ophy of lighting the ceiling and
vertical surfaces including the
walls, partitions and peoples
faces.
Still a much favoured lighting
solution by many, but out-
classed in the style and perfor-
mance stakes by the MELLOW
LIGHT IV range.
MELLOW LIGHT III semi-recessed, perforated basketOptions
• Fly guard attachment• Surface mounting version
available• Dimmable DALI
Typical Cat. no: 40 735 010 MELLOW LIGHT III RCE 1/55 W TC-L M600*
B1
H1
H
30
4,5
12
BB2
Dropped perforated basket with opalinlay for total lamp diffusion.
“Entirely flush and entirely discreet”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 117
MELLOW LIGHT IIIRCB
This is the sister, flush recessed
version of the MELLOW LIGHT III
RCE.
The RCB perforated mesh bas-
ket is flush with the recessing
flange which may be preferred
aesthetically or in situations
where there are worries about
air diffusion.
Since the MELLOW LIGHT III
RCB shares the main technology
and design principle as the
MELLOW LIGHT III RCE it
offers all the main benefits
and performance.
NB. Made to order only as a
project special.
Typical Cat. no: MELLOW LIGHT III RCB 1/40 W TC-L M600 “Project special”*NB. This luminaire is a project special with a minimum order quantity of 300 pieces.
MELLOW LIGHT III semi-recessed, perforated basketOptions
• Fly guard attachment• Surface mounting version
available• Dimmable DALI
4,5
B1
H
BB2B4
Dropped perforated basket with opalinlay for total lamp diffusion.
Dual Component Lighting SystemsSYNTO Louvre
“The fundamentals of lighting synthesis”
SYNTO LRC
The original SYNTO luminaire
comprises of a white involute
reflector for the indirect compo-
nent and a semi-matt bivergent
louvre for the direct component.
Despite the flush louvre allowing
no direct illumination on the
ceiling this luminaire type, often
referred to as a “Dual Compo-
nent”, is a generic luminaire
much favoured in the office
lighting market.
However, it is out classed in
style and performance by the
MELLOW LIGHT IV SNYTO
range.
SYNTO LRC semi-recessed, perforated basketOptions
• Fly guard attachment• Surface mounting version
available• Dimmable DALI
Typical Cat. no: 42 051 815 SYNTO LRC 2/40 W TC-L M600
94
4,5
277
31028894
L = 1548
BIVERGENZ®plusLouvre technology
The new generation of louvres, devel-oped in the Research and Develop-ment laboratories of Zumtobel Staff,optimises the interaction between two unique technical developments. It combines the patentedBIVERGENZ®technology and theinnovative Unique®cross-blade.
“High-tech appearance and performance”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 119
SYNTO LRZ
The SYNTO LRZ in the UK is
a very successful derivative of
the SYNTO LRC due to the
additional “techy” appearance
given by the ribbed involute
reflector. However, this clever
technology not only looks good
but also attenuates the lumi-
nance above 60° compared to
the white reflector on the
SYNTO LRC.
NB. Made to order only as a
project special.
Typical Cat. no: SYNTO LRZ 2/40 W TC-L M600 “Project special”NB. This luminaire is a project special with a minimum order quantity of300 pieces.
SYNTO LRZ semi-recessed, perforated basketOptions
• VDT attenuator available• Surface mounting version
available• Dimmable DALI
94
4,5
277
31028894
L = 1548
BIVERGENZ®plusLouvre technology
The new generation of louvres, devel-oped in the Research and Develop-ment laboratories of Zumtobel Staff,optimises the interaction between two unique technical developments. It combines the patentedBIVERGENZ®technology and theinnovative Unique®cross-blade.
Project Special Lighting SystemsMIREL T16
“Conventional high direct ratio downlights”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/miral
MIREL Bivergent® T16
The latest generation of T16
Louvre products offers an ex-
tensive range, all with semi-matt
bivergent® louvres, which meet
the onerous 1000 cd/m2
luminance limitation to which
some designers still seek to
comply.
The Bivergent® principle causes
the lamp image, when viewed
from 75º elevation downwards,
to roll down the principal reflec-
tor, such that cut off of the
object (lamp) coincides with
the image in the reflector disap-
pearing.
The particular luminaire selec-
tion here is highly dependent
on the ceiling choice. The most
common solution for average
ceiling heights is the 3/14 W.
MIREL FEC-B 3/14 W T16, recessed, semi-matt louvreOptions
• 600/1200/1500 mm• 1/2/3/4 lamps• Dimmable DALI
Typical Cat. no: 42 159 150 FEC-B 3/14 W T16 EVG M600*
“Optional visor for high output lamps”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 121
MIREL Bivergent® TC-Lwith Visor
Despite the prowess of T16
lamps, TC-L lamp configurations
are making a strong challenge
on several counts, not just 500
square ceiling modules, but also
the configurability of shorter,
high power TC-L lamps in the
Tartan Grid ceiling systems
greatly favoured in the premium
markets.
As the TC-L lamps get more and
more bright, their use in open
louvre luminaires in office envi-
ronments is highly questionable.
In consequence with higher out-
put lamps we offer a visor to
spread the lamp image and
reduce discomfort.
Typical Cat. no: REH 2/40 W TC-L EVG M600*NB. Made to order only as a project special.
MIREL REH 2/40 W TC-L, recessed, semi-matt louvreOptions
• 600/1200/1500 mm• Dimmalbe DALI
Project Special Lighting SystemsMIREL T16
“Service Tile options”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/miral
Service Tile LouvreOptions – T16
In the Premium Office Market
so many of the projects use tar-
tan grid ceiling systems, where
inevitably the result is the provi-
sion of a multi function service
tile which also supports the
principal luminaire type. Such
louvre luminaires have colloqui-
ally come to be called “shoebox
luminaires” alluding to their
compactness.
Zumtobel Staff have optimised
luminaire design in this sector
by achieving a 70 mm depth
including integral emergency
invertors. The luminaires are
very light in weight and have
engendered a new maintenance
methodology: “Basement Main-
tenance” wherein defective lumi-
naires are replaced and returned
for maintenance in the Plant
Room.
Typical Cat. no: FEC 2/24 W T16 “Project special”*
B 200
B1 181
12
4,5
MIREL T16
These luminaires offer the flexibility tocreate project specific solutions.
Subject to a minimum order quantitywhich is project dependant.
Please contact your local ZumtobelStaff Project Engineer to discussdetails of your requirements.
“Service Tile options”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 123
Service Tile LouvreOptions – TC-L
Again the TC-L lamp size and
power options combined with
new louvre technology offer new
horizons in high direct ratio light-
ing concepts.
Given that the ceiling will always
remain relatively dark, the new
cell louvre has a satin lustre
finish that raises the Ceiling
Brightness Impression CBI (see
page 26). Meanwhile the avail-
ability of a refractor to split the
lamp image, thereby reducing
glare, means that the louvre
solution still has something to
offer.
Typical Cat. no: FEC 1/36 W TC-L “Project special”*“New version with injection moulded louvre: FEK 1/24 W T16”
B 114
B1 95
12 4,5
MIREL TC-L
These luminaires offer the flexibility tocreate project specific solutions.
Subject to a minimum order quantitywhich is project dependant.
Please contact your local ZumtobelStaff Project Engineer to discussdetails of your requirements.
Dual Component Lighting SystemsMELLOW LIGHT IV Q Balanced/MIREL Balanced
“Lighting with the power to change”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/ml
MELLOW LIGHT IV QBalance
Recent research has hinted at
the possibilities associated with
light that changes in character
over time since, as human
beings, we appear to be pre-
programmed to prefer subtle
change. Whilst change in light-
ing can be achieved with combi-
nations of luminaires there is no
doubt that the widespread
application of Balanced Light
Concepts will require the intro-
duction of easy to apply innova-
tive lighting solutions.
The MELLOW LIGHT IV Q
BALANCE is such a solution.
Using separately controlled pairs
of lamps, in the same optical
chamber, allows subtle or more
pronounced changes in the light
produced by the luminaire.
When equipped with different
colour temperature lamps the
light output can be changed in
colour, directional character and
quantity.
When equipped with normal
colour temperature lamps, spe-
cial 17,000 K Blue “third eye”
colour lamps can be incorporat-
ed. This gives the opportunity of
incorporating a small proportion
of melatonin suppressing blue
light into the lighting design.
Coloured lamps or filters can be
used for adding lighting effects
for nightscaping or to enhance
corporate identity in entrance
and circulation areas.
MELLOW LIGHT IV Q BALANCE semi-recessedOptions
• Colour tints available• VDT attenuator available• Standard Non-Balance
versions• Dimmable DALI
Typical Cat. no: 42 159 352 ML4 B EB 2/24 W+2/24 W T16 M600 GET-BC*
1 SECONDARY CHAMBERacts as backlighting plenum to diffuser wings
2 TRANSLUCENT OPAL DIFFUSERWINGSutilising variable refractive indexplastic for high efficiency
3 PRIMARY COMPARTMENTenclosed for optimal T16 lampoperation, and to improvemaintenance factor
4 GRID-MESH or SYNTO LOUVRECONTROLLER
1
2
34
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 125
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/miral
MIREL Balance
The MIREL BALANCE solution
has much of the potential of
MELLOW LIGHT IV Q BAL-
ANCED but in a fully recessed
form. The downward “task” light
distribution is precisely con-
trolled by louvres, whilst the
central diffusing panel controls
the light from the additional
lamps above. This simple solu-
tion gives access to a whole
plethora of effects including
changing colour temperatures,
changing intensity and changing
direction.
Typical Cat. no: 42 160 124 FEC-BC 4/14-2/14 W LMB GET M600*
MIREL FEC-BC 4/14 W + 2/14 W BALANCE recessedOptions
• Standard Non-Balanceversions
• Dimmable DALI
BALANCE feature same as theMELLOW LIGHT IV Q BALANCEon previous page except in onlyone plane through the centralinlay panel.
12
52ET 5
7
B
B1
12
4,5
L1
Innovation In Surface Linear LuminairesPERLUCE
“Like a diffuser luminaire … only better”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/perluce
PERLUCE D
There are many, many work-
place installations where the
lighting possibilities are almost
entirely dictated by practical
considerations such as wiring
points or potentially onerous
environments. In such
situation the PERLUCE louvre
scores.
The PERLUCE D makes clever
use of different optics and is
one of the few luminaires to
combine precise optical control
via a louvre and protection via a
clear cover.
This cover also means that the
fitting is enclosed which stabilis-
es the lamp operating tempera-
ture to maximise the efficiency
of the lamp and luminaire.
Add into the equation a modern
technical appearance and a
proportion of indirect and side
glow and the PERLUCE D
louvre steps into the breach as
the ideal workplace tool for
factory offices, schools and
other education establishments
or simply where a different and
modern “techy” appearance is
required in a clean, surface
mounted design.
PERLUCE D, enclosed louvreOptions
• Opal diffuser version• 310 mm Square version• Colour tints• Asymmetric wallwasher optic• Dimmable DALI
Typical Cat. no: 42 159 052 PERLUCE D 1/54 W T16 IP50*
The grid of the 3D model illus-trates the complex form of thecross-blades. They guaranteeoptimum light distribution.
BIVERGENZ®plusLouvre technology
The new generation of louvres,developed in the Researchand Development laboratoriesof Zumtobel Staff, optimisesthe interaction between twounique technical developments.It combines the patentedBIVERGENZ®technology andthe innovative Unique®cross-blades.
“Wallwasher Options for Good Office Lighting Practice”
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 127
Typical Cat. no: 42 159 253 MIREL FEW 1/55 W TC-L EVG M600*
MIREL FEW 1/55 W TC-L M600, recessed linear
The illumination of wall surfaces can be achieved innumerous ways. The reflector within the FEW isdesigned to give the best uniform distribution possiblewith a fully recessed luminaire. Small dimensions makeit a very discreet solution to many wallwashing prob-lems.
Typical Cat. no: 42 159 366 PERLUCE W 1/49 W T16 PM IP54*
Several of the many applications where PERLUCE makes an ideal lighting solution, including schools, uni-versities, healthcare and laboratories, also require goodillumination of the vertical surfaces. PERLUCE WW offersthis with the same style as the rest of the PERLUCE family.
Typical Cat. no: 42 174 126 CLARIS II WW 1/28 W T16 EVG*
CLARIS II WW 1/28 W T16, surface mounted,linear
The CLARIS II WW is a very useful addition tothe CLARIS II range in installations of CLARISwhere wallwashing is also required.
Typical Cat. no: 60 810 240 PANOS HWW 1/32 W TC-TEL 200*
PANOS HWW 1/32 W TC-TEL 200
PANOS HWW uses a very clever ribbed detail on oneside of the reflector to achieve a more asymmetric dis-tribution without changing the appearance of theinstallation from the main direction of view.
PERLUCE WW 1/49 W T16, surface mounted,linear
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/miral
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/claris2
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/perluce
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/panos
Direct Downlight Lighting SystemsPANOS
“Multi-talented to meet any requirements”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/panos
PANOS
Standard PANOS reflectors pro-
duce exceptional photometric
performance. But radical new
design thinking can enhance
this still further: enter PSP+. The
material used for the new PSP+
coating is PUREST SILVER
(100 % silver – which is over
17 % more reflective than alu-
minium). The silver is precisely
applied onto the reflector by
means of a high tech sputtering
technique and sealed. This
new coating technique can be
applied to all highly polished
reflectors made of high-quality
polycarbonate in the downlight
range PANOS L and H.
Options
• Reflector options: Faceted highly specular, Smooth highly specular, Smooth matt,• Smooth white coated and Faceted highly specular with PUREST SILVER (PSP+)• Recessed and surface mounted versions• Increased thermal reflection gives longer lamp service life• High and Low housing depths with horizontal and vertical lamp positions available• Versions with UGR:16/19 suitable for use in environments with DSE equipment• Reflector and cover ring unit made of high-quality,UV-resistant polycarbonate• Supplied as complete models consisting of luminaire and separately housed bal-
last unit• No-tool installation into ceiling for ceiling thickness' between 1–25 mm• Attachments ordered separately
Typical Cat. no: 60 810 236 PANOS HF1/32 W TC-TEL 200*
Typical Cat. no: 60 810 251 PANOS HF 2/26 W TC-DEL 200*
Typical Cat. no: 60 810 068 PANOS LM 1/26 W TC-DEL 175*
High and Low Recessed
High and Low Surface
Low voltage and Metalhalide PANOS versons
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 129
Typical Cat. no: 60 810 782 2LIGHT E1 1/42 W TC-TELI EVG*
2LIGHT/E1 1/42 W TC-TELI, recessed singlemodule
The lit effect of 2LIGHT is beyond description.It is a downlighter but that is where the similarity ends.2LIGHT has a mystic halo effect that is entrancing andis ideal for break-out zones and common parts.
Typical Cat. no: 42 159 215 L-FIELDS Mini E 2/32 W TC-TELI EVG M600*
LIGHT FIELDS Mini E 2/32 W TC-TELI recessed
The 300 mm square LIGHTFIELDS is a very neat corridor lighting solution. Good glare control yet re-cognisable luminosity allows this luminaire to depictthe notional corridor.
Typical Cat. no: 40 938 519 QUARTOS CQF 2/26 W TC-DEL EVG 260
QUARTOS CQF 2/26 W TC-DEL EVG 260
Another square solution for corridor, but this is adownlighter with many lamp and reflector variants tomake it suitable for numerous other applications.
“Innovative downlight solutions”
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/2light
* For further details: www.zumtobelstaff.com/lightfields
Free-standing Luminaires
“Variable, adaptable lighting solutions”
Flexibility in the office requires
variable, adaptable lighting
solutions which can be person-
alised to cope with the chang-
ing needs of individual users
– or with frequent reconfigura-
tion of the workstations. For
many installations, free-stand-
ing luminaires may be the
favoured option. Research has
also shown that by giving
office workers control over
their local environment their
productivity will increase.
Zumtobel Staff offers a number
of free-standing variants of its
existing ranges, as well as
some specific free-standing
models offering a range of
distinctive features.
LIGHT FIELDS-S
With its slender luminaire head,
uncluttered lines, expressive
materiality and elegant looks,
the LIGHT FIELDS-S free-stand-
ing luminaire is sympathetic to
it’s surroundings. In terms of
lighting quality, the free-standing
model shares the same unique
micropyramidal optic as all other
versions of LIGHT FIELDS. This
guarantees brilliant, glare-free
lighting and a high output ratio.
The asymmetric indirect compo-
nent provides pleasant general
lighting and brightens up the
depth of a room. The light provi-
ded by LIGHT FIELDS-S can be
individually adjusted to suit both
mood and taste, using the inte-
gral SensControl lighting Man-
agement system, which can be
programmed individually by
the user or controlled through
four pre-set scenes. Its daylight
sensor and presence detector
and timer unit ensure the highest
quality illumination of the task
area at all times.
KAREA
With its slender luminaire head
the free-standing direct/indirect
KAREA luminaire model (and
matching wall light) has slim,
geometric lines and is made
from simple, elegant materials.
The direct light component is
controlled by a perforated metal
optic, ensuring pleasant light
distribution in the task area.
At the same time, the integral
SensControl lighting manage-
ment system allows individual
adjustment of the illuminance,
depending on the user’s person-
al wishes and needs, the indi-
vidual task and the specific
daylight conditions.
LANOS
The LANOS luminaire has an
altogether softer, less angular
appearance but still provides a
high output direct/indirect light
distribution. Sophisticated con-
trols are also built-in to LANOS
for manual or automatic control.
FLEXOS
As its name suggests, the
FLEXOS free-standing direct/
indirect luminaire, designed by
Da Costa & Wolf, takes the prin-
ciple of flexibility in workplace
lighting one step further. The
entire FLEXOS fitting be re-posi-
tioned and is available with one,
two, three or four luminaire
heads, all of which can be rotat-
ed and switched separately. This
means that a single luminaire,
with one base and one electrical
connection can illuminate up to
four desks highly efficiently and
according to individual require-
ments. Even the wall light ver-
sion can be adjusted in two
axes, offering a variety of
options for optimum vertical illu-
mination or mounted on the top
of partition walls or inclined ceil-
ings. FLEXOS comes with a
choice of two optics – a louvre
optic, guaranteeing a large
direct light component on the
working plane or a perforated
steel optic, with a reduced direct
lighting component, to ensure
more pleasant illumination of the
workstation. FLEXOS can be
controlled either by the Sens
Control system or using WinDIM
software allowing FLEXOS fit-
tings to be switched or dimmed
directly from a PC. Finally, a
bit of colour can be added by
using colour trims to match the
interior design or corporate
identity.
ID-S
Commissioned by Zumtobel
Staff in 1987, from Italian desi-
gners Sottsass Associati, the
ID-S range has since become a
design classic due to it’s clear,
simple lines and its versatile
technical performance. The
luminaire incorporates a safety
diffuser made of either 4 mm
heat-resistant tempered silicate
glass or ceramic glass, and has
a 12 mm glass frame with lumi-
nous edges, integrated into the
head. Featuring a range of tung-
sten halogen and metal halide
lamps to produce a substantial
indirect uplight component, the
ID-S can provide a pleasant,
warm lighting ambience. The
adjustable matt anodised alu-
minium reflector in the head of
the luminaire can be used for
effective task lighting.
The SensControl system means
that lighting levels can be opti-
mised individually, depending on
the task, ambient light and
user’s requirements. The user
can choose between automatic
and manual control in addition
to a pivoting PIR sensor which
automatically switches off the
luminaire whenever no move-
ment is detected in the task
area during a set period (up to
15 minutes). Depending on the
luminaire version, the control
system is set and operated
either via buttons or via an LCD
display.
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – P R O D U C T S A N D R E S O U R C E S 131
HELIODISC
HELIODISC is a task luminaire
with added flexibility since it has
separately switchable direct,
indirect and task illumination.
This gives architects and lighting
designers greater planning pos-
sibilities. HELIODISC is a design
oriented luminaire with a trans-
parent, organic design for office
lighting according to the Task
Area Concept in EN 12464.
For more information on any of
the products featured on these
pages please contact your
local Zumtobel Staff Lighting
representative.
633
1940
ø 538
“The future has arrived”
All current codes of practice
for lighting primarily refer to the
notional horizontal working
plane. This has tended to popu-
larise the use of regular arrays
of luminaires optimised to light a
plane that none of us actually
see.
In fact, in almost every building
we enter it’s the walls that do-
minate our vista. So, in every
main interior space we would
recommend the selection of at
least one wall for a specialist
lighting effect. Here we offer a
sample of different wall lighting
approaches, from wall-washing
to scolloping. While wallwashing
is a fairly well established tech-
nique, it is often not done well;
on the other hand, wall scollop-
ing usually happens without the
designer intending it and usually
has a messy, unplanned
appearance.
At Zumtobel Staff Lighting in the
UK we have taken up the cause
of wall lighting and developed
the concept of VPI (Verti-Planar
Illuminance, to give it its full
name). This is a major design
aid to the art of lighting walls.
Here we present the “VPI” spec-
trum in a shortened form, with
advice on simple offset and
spacing. The brochure “Lighting
Up the Wall: a VPI Design
Guide” is available in english.
VPI 1: Ultimate wallwashingTypical offset: 600–900 mmTypical spacing: 900–1,200 mmWallwashing with semi-recessed compact fluorescent luminaire gives a perfect soft washright up to the ceiling trim.Luminaires:778 301/302 compact fluorescentPANOS S QT-DE/HIT-DE/HST
VPI 2: Recessed wallwashingTypical offset: 300–600 mmTypical spacing: 750–1,000 mmWallwashing with fully recessed compact fluo-rescent luminaires that cannot light right up tothe ceiling trim and give quite a fall off downthe wall. This sometimes necessitates a secondrow of luminaires. The luminaire is from thePANOS family and looks identical to mostdownlighters in that range, which means it doesgive a “clean” ceiling appearance.Luminaires:PANOS HWW CFLPANOS MWW QT/HIT
VPI 3: Linear/Continuous wallwashingTypical offset: 750–1,000 mmTypical spacing: 900–1,800 mmHere the lighting is very conspicuous, compris-ing surface or suspended linear luminaires, usually mounted on track. This offers great flexibility in aiming the fixtures, which can bemoved up and down the track.Luminaires:ARCADE suspended continuous wallwashersRTXII WW – 1 or 2 lamp T16XENO WW QT-DE/HIT-DESPIRIT HST/TC-TEL/QT-DE
VPI: UltimateWallwashing
RecessedWallwashing
VPI Wall Lighting
VPI 5: Feathered edge scollopingTypical offset: 450–600 mmTypical spacing: 1,200–1,800 mmWhen lighting rooms with ordinary compact flu-orescent downlights, the first row of luminaireswill very often be more than one metre awayfrom the walls. By using the VPI 5 technique,the first row is deliberately positioned within450 and 600mm of the wall, giving the appear-ance of a deliberate pattern of feathered edgescollops. These scollops will become “sharper”with a mirror or specular reflector, rather thanone that is matt or white.Luminaires:PANOS L or H compact fluorescentQUARTOS compact fluorescent
VPI 6 & VPI 7: Multi-cusp scollopingTypical offset: 150–300 mmTypical spacing: 500–750 mmWall scolloping with incandescent, low voltagelamps in open reflectors and luminaires close tothe wall, creates a multitude of secondarycusps on the wall. These can be incorporatedinto an intentional pattern. VPI 6 uses fixeddownlights whereas VPI 7 adjustable versionscan be aimed higher or lower on the wall.Luminaires:PANOS M low voltage recessed luminairesPANOS S low voltage recessed luminaires
VPI 8: Cornice scollopingTypical offset: 40–60 mmTypical spacing: 150–250 mmHere very gentle wall scolloping along the verytop of the wall, at cornice level, is achieved byusing fibre optics or low power, low voltagedownlights.Luminaires:STARFLEX fibre opticsSTARLIGHT 2 recessed low voltage downlights
VPI 9: Ellipsoidal scollopingTypical offset: 300–400 mmTypical spacing: 600–750 mmVery strong wall scolloping using ultra-narrowbeam QR111 lamps in multi-directional down-lights. The lamps are very precise and produceno stray light, so the scollop shape is almost apure ellipse.Luminaires:PANOS S recessed luminaires recessed lumi-naires
CorniceScolloping
Multi-CuspScolloping
EllipsoidalScolloping
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – T H E V E R T I C A L S 133
Advisory ServicesReferences and Useful Websites
Advisory Services andReferences
Lighting SolutionsConsultant (LSC)
Far from having a conventional
salesforce, Zumtobel Staff in the
UK employ a network of remote
users who are entirely devoted
to servicing the needs of speci-
fiers. Our personnel are the best
in the industry and, to ensure
unparalleled specifier support,
have embarked on the 3 year
Zumtobel Staff Lighting Solu-
tions Consultant course. This
course is aimed at taking the
lighting specialist to a new level
of competence by broadening
knowledge in both the lighting
discipline and across the whole
building design spectrum. Thus
your LSC qualified Zumtobel
Staff contact is able to provide
professional and practical design
advice on all aspects of work-
place lighting from boardrooms
to break-out zones, showrooms
to stairwells, atria to offices.
To find out who in building light-
ing design is Master of all
Trades and not a sciolist visit
www.zumtobelstaff.co.uk and
follow Lighting Solutions Consultant.
Technical Department
Zumtobel Staff UK employs a
team of qualified and experi-
enced lighting engineers who
are available to assist specifiers
with advice and information on
how to create the best possible
lit space. We do not do lighting
designs, preferring instead to
channel all our energies into
specifier support and not to
compromise our fee earning,
professional customers.
Contact the UK Technical team on:
enquiries@uk.zumtobelstaff.co.at
Grey Imports
Specifiers may be surprised to
learn that ZS luminaires sup-
plied on some projects in the
UK may have been sourced, by
the purchasing organisation,
from unofficial channels and not
via the Official UK Sales Organi-
sation, based in Hayes Middlesex.
Ensuring that the UK operation
is the source of all ZS product
required for projects allows us
to invest for the future and to
continue to provide high levels
of UK specifier support. Unoffi-
cially sourced product is not
covered by the normal compre-
hensive warranty provided by
the UK operation and even
basic levels of pre and post
order support is unlikely to be
available.
Flux Futura Seminars
Held regularly throughout the
year, the Zumtobel Staff Lighting
Flux Futura “CPD” accredited
lighting seminars are a great
learning experience. The pur-
pose of these events is to
address the various strategic
methods for illuminating the
modern environment, particular-
ly offices.
Places can be booked at
www.zumtobelstaff.co.uk by
following the Flux Futura link.
Software
Software for downloading free
of charge can be found at
www.zumtobelstaff.co.uk by
following the Service Centre/
Download/Programs link. Soft-
ware includes Zumtobel Staff
Product Explorer, the COPHOS
lighting design programs and
other tools designed to ease
considerably your daily work.
Included is COPHOS Phoenix,
THE working tool for lighting de-
sign – easy to handle, and sup-
porting both emergency lighting
and dimming with Luxmate.
Photometric Data
Data Plug-Ins for lighting design
programs can be found at
www.zumtobelstaff.co.uk by
following the Service Centre/
Download/Photometric Data
link. Use the data Plug-In to
download quickly and easily to
your computer the current data
of all Zumtobel Staff luminaires
in IES, LDT (Eulumdat) or TM14
file formats. Detailed instruc-
tions are also available covering
the use of Photometric Data
files in COPHOS Phoenix,
DIALux and Relux.
Specifications
Individual products are described
in detail at www.zumtobelstaff.
co.uk by following the Products/
Specifications link. This informa-
tion can be downloaded for use
in lighting design programs and
to generate specifications.
Installation Instructions
Installation instructions for our
products are available to down-
load at www.zumtobelstaff.
co.uk by following the Service
Centre/Download/Installation
Instructions link.
O&M Manuals
Installation, operation and main-
tenance instructions and data-
sheets are available for O&M
Manuals at www.zumtobelstaff.
co.uk by following the Service
Centre and Product links.
CAD Data
2D CAD symbol data for Zumto-
bel Staff products to be used in
CAD programs is available at
www.zumtobelstaff.co.uk by
following Service Centre/Down-
loads/2D CAD data. Our 2D
CAD luminaire library is available
for AutoCAD in DXF and DWG
format. 3D data is also available
in several formats including DXF,
Rhino, Lightscape and 3D Stu-
dio Max, free of charge from the
same source.
Zumtobel Staff GroupEnvironmental protection,health and safety guidelines
The Group realises that all its
business activities are associat-
ed with responsibility for envi-
ronmental protection, health and
safety, ascribing top priority to
dealing with these issues. The
environmental protection, health
W O R K P L A C E L I G H T I N G – A D V I S O RY S E R V I C E S / R E F E R E N C E S 135
and safety guidelines of the
Group thus reflect its commit-
ment to ensure that sound envi-
ronmental protection, health and
safety measures are implement-
ed in all its business areas, sig-
nalling that in this respect it
seeks to apply high standards
group-wide at international level.
Preparations have been made
with the aim of integrating envi-
ronmental protection and indus-
trial occupational safety into the
quality management system.
Zumtobel Staff is thus prepared
for ISO 14001 certification.
Quality management sys-tem certification
ZUMTOBEL STAFF has been
certified according to EN ISO
9001 since 27 May 1991, and
according to EN ISO 9001:2000
since 27 November 2003.
This certificate is acknowledged
by IQ Net partners in more than
30 countries.
Glossary of Terms
For a glossary of terms please
refer to the Zumtobel Staff
Lighting main Product Cata-
logue.
Useful Websites
www.products.bre.co.uk/bree-
am/index.html – BRE Environ-
mental Assessment Method
(BREEAM), Building Research
Establishment (BRE)
www.bco.org.uk – British
Council for Offices (BCO)
www.bifm.org.uk – British Insti-
tute of Facilities Management
(BIFM)
www.bsi-global.com – BSI
British Standards is the Nation-
al Standards Body of the UK
www.cibse.org – The Char-
tered Institution of Building Ser-
vices Engineers. The Society
of Light and Lighting (SLL) is
part of CIBSE and acts as the
professional body for lighting
in the UK
www.dial.de – DIAL is a manu-
facturer-independent services
enterprise for lighting engineer-
ing and building technology
and is not profit oriented.
www.eldaplus.org – European
Lighting Designers’ Association
(ELDA+), Guetersloh, Germany
www.icel.co.uk – Industry
Committee for Emergency
Lighting, ICEL is the leading
UK authority on Emergency
Lighting
www.ile.org.uk – The Institution
of Lighting Engineers (ILE) is
the UK and Ireland’s largest
professional lighting association
and is dedicated solely to ex-
cellence in lighting.
www.iald.org – International
Association of Lighting Design-
ers, Chicago, USA
www.lightright.org – The Light
Right Consortium aims to shift
the paradigm of lighting specifi-
cation and installation in com-
mon practice toward ergonomi-
cally designed lighting solutions.
www.lif.co.uk – Lighting Indus-
try Federation (LIF)
www.diag.org.uk – The Euro-
pean Energy Performance of
Buildings Directive (EPBD)
comes into force in the UK in
January 2006, and will have
major business implications for
all owners, operators, design-
ers and developers of new and
existing buildings. The Directive
Implementation Advisory Group
(DIAG) has been established to
advise the UK Government on
the energy performance of
buildings and the implementa-
tion of the Directive in a timely
manner.
www.workplaceintelligence.co.uk
– The Workplace Intelligence
Unit develops and shares infor-
mation and ideas on creating
more distinctive, productive and
healthy workplaces. Zumtobel
Staff sponsor the WIU, which
was founded by Herman Miller
and forward thinking inc. in
association with the British
Institute of Facilities Manage-
ment (BIFM).
www.luxmate.co.uk –
LUXMATE are Lighting Manage-
ment and Daylight harvesting
specialists and are part of the
Worldwide Zumtobel organi-
sation.
Throughout the world, Zumtobel Staff
is the competent reliable partner for
innovative lighting solutions in all areas
of application of professional interior
lighting:
Industry and Engineering
Sport and Leisure
Transit areas and Car parks
Offices and Education
Presentation and Retail
Hotels and Catering
Art and Culture
Health & Care
Orientation and Safety
Active Light
With production plants in Austria,
Germany, Australia and the USA, and
sales organisations in all major Euro-
pean markets as well as commercial
agencies in most regions of the world,
Zumtobel Staff is one of the biggest
international enterprises in the lighting
sector.
As a leader in innovation, we guaran-
tee our customers global competence
in lighting consulting and design
assistance, superior product quality
and future-proof technologies – from
individual luminaires to electronic light-
ing management systems.
Corporate goal: We want to use light
to create worlds of experience, make
work easier and improve communica-
tions and safety while remaining fully
aware of our responsibility to the envi-
ronment.
P R E S E N T A T I O NA N D R E T A I L
A R T A N D C U LT U R E
H O T E L S A N D C A T E R I N G
S P O R T A N D L E I S U R E
H E A LT H & C A R E
T R A N S I T A R E A SA N D C A R P A R K S
O F F I C E S A N D E D U C AT I O N
I N D U S T R Y A N D E N G I N E E R I N G
United KingdomZumtobel Staff Lighting Ltd.Unit 4 - The Argent Centre, Pump LaneHayes/Middlesex UB3 3BLTel. +44/(0)20 8589 1800Fax +44/(0)20 8756 4800Email: enquiries@uk.zumtobelstaff.co.atwww.zumtobelstaff.co.uk
USA and CanadaZumtobel Staff Lighting3300 Route 9WHighland, New York 1258-2630Tel. +1/(0)845/691 62 62Fax +1/(0)845/691 62 89www.zumtobelstaff.uswww.zumtobelstaff.ca
Australia and New ZealandZumtobel Staff (Australia) Pty. Ltd.2 Wella WaySomersby, NSW 2250Tel. +61/(2)4340 3200Fax +61/(2)4340 2108Email: info@zumtobelstaff.com.auwww.zumtobelstaff.com.au
ChinaZumtobel StaffT5-2-152 Tayuan Diplomatic Compound, No. 1 Xin Dong Road, Chaoyang District100600 BeijingTel. +86/(10) 8532 3886Fax +86/(10) 8532 3889Email: admin@zumtobelstaff.com.hk
Hong KongZumtobel StaffUnit 4319-20, Level 43,Tower 1, Metroplaza, 223 Hing Fong Road, Kwai Chung, N.T.Tel. +852/(0)2503 0466Fax +852/(0)2503 0177Email: admin@zumtobelstaff.com.hk
SingaporeZumtobel Staff Representative OfficeNo. 5 Kaki Bukit Crescent #04-03416238 SingaporeTel. +65/(0)6848 2560Fax +65/(0)6234 4972Email: info@zumtobelstaff.com.sg
Art.-No. 04 797 631-UK 04/05 © Zumtobel StaffTechnical data was correct at time of going to press. We reserve the right to make technical changes without notice. Please contact your local sales office for further information. Printed on environmentally-friendly chlorine-free paper.
NorwayZumtobel Staff Belysning ASIndustriveien 111481 HaganTel: +47/(0)670/62230Fax: +47/(0)670/62269Email: firmapost@zumtobelstaff.no
SwedenZumtobel StaffBirger Jarlsgatan 57113 56 StockholmTel: +46/(0)8/26 26 50Fax: +46/(0)8/26 56 05E-mail: info@zumtobelstaff.sewww.zumtobelstaff.se
PolandZumtobel Staff Przedstawicielstwo wPolsceul. Zuga 14/201-806 WarsawTel. +48/22 635 6499Fax +48/22 865 1530www.zumtobelstaff.pl
RussiaZumtobel Staff Representative OfficeOffice 2111/Skakovaya-17125040 MoscowTel. +7/095 945 3633Fax +7/095 945 1694www.zumtobelstaff.ru
Head officesZumtobel Staff GmbHSchweizer Strasse 30Postfach 726851 Dornbirn, AUSTRIATel. +43/(0)5572/390-0Fax +43/(0)5572/22 826
Zumtobel Staff GmbH & Co. KGGrevenmarschstr. 74-7832657 Lemgo, GERMANYTel. +49/(0)5261/2 12-0Fax +49/(0)5261/2 12-7777www.zumtobelstaff.de
www.zumtobelstaff.com
Track and spots
Modular lighting systems
Down-/uplights
Recessed luminaires
Surface-mounted and
pendant luminairesWallwashers
LED, task, wall and uplights
Continuous row and
batten luminairesHigh-bay luminaires
Luminaires with extra protection
Lighting Controls
Emergency lighting
Medical supply systems
Lighting for theWorkplace
www.zumtobelstaff.com