Land use planning as an important component of IWRM plans

Prof. RNDr. László Miklós, DrSc.

Technical University in Zvolen, Slovakia

laszlo.miklos@savba.skmiklos@vsld.tuzvo.sk

Content

1. Integration and integrated approach: basic questions

2. Institutional tools for integrated management in Slovakia

3. Integration in planning processes

4. Key messages and opportunities

1. Integration, integrated approach:

the basic questions

Integration, integrated approach: the basic questions

The Command of the present days,

but at the same time

a fashion,

a favorite theme for politicians

Does everybody know, what is it about?

Integrated approach: Why?

There is a scientific evidence: • The nature/landscape is an integrated system

(geo-system)

• All changes on one single element of this system cause changes on all other elements

We need to understand that• When you apply a good management for the

watershed protection, you protect at the same time the biodiversity, the soil erosion, the water pollution from agriculture, the microclimate for conservation, you protect the erosion of the soil, the biodiversity.

• When you apply a wrong management for the soil, you harm the water, the biota, etc.

The pressure of science:The integrated management is needed for a complex care of ecosystems

Agenda 21, Chapter 10: Integrated approach to the management of land resources

There is only one landscape in the same space – it is to be accepted by each sector.

Therefore an integrated approach is needed for its use.

Integrated approach: the object

• landscape• geosystem• ecosystem• watershed• territory• region• environment

• THE SPACE

A material reality! The terms are only words!

What is the integration in the watershed management? (A water manager ´s approach)

Water managers: more administrative approach:complex approach to both the surface and groundwater

Of course ! Nothing new.solving problems in the whole hydrological watershed

Of course ! Nothing new.involving all stakeholders and the public to solve the

problems A new element of democracies!

What is the integration in the watershed management? (An ecologist`s approach)

The ecologists criticize that the water managers concentrate on water,

not to the vessel = the landscape, where the water occures!

Landscape ecologists: scientific approach Integration of all activities on the whole watershed !

The object for integration?

The the geosystem as a whole!

Not its single elements!

Integrated approach: what to integrate?

? natural bodies – not possible

? land use form – not possible – all the forests, fields, constructions, industry, transport require the territory ? land use mode - limited ? physical management - limited – different sectors, owners, users

What is possible to integrate?

The approach (a theorethical issue) – the policiesThe use of similar argumentation and criteria for decision.

The integrated information system on the landscape

- should be the same for each sector - based on GIS (INSPIRE)

The management tools =

The tools of organisation of the territory – the process chain of:

planning > projecting > regulation > control

Integrated approach: what to integrate?

2. Institutional tools for integrated management

in Slovakia

The tools for spatial planning

Tools for spatial organisation = tools for integrated management

Competency of the Ministry of environment:Nature conservation (territorial), NATURA 2000

Landscape-ecological planning (?), econet planning

Management of the watersheds

Flood protectionIPPC - Integrated prevention and pollution control

Competency of other ministries:

Territorial planning (M of Development / Ministry of Environment)

Agricultural land arrangement (Ministry of Agriculture)

Forest management planning (Ministry of Agriculture)

PPÚ

OP

KP

IMP

ÚPN

LHP

FP

Agenda 21, Chapter 10: Integrated approach to the management of land resources

Integrated management of the natural resources: the goal

Integrated physical planning and management

must act as a

frame and basement

for each sectoral plan.

Agenda 21, Chapter 10: Integrated approach to the management of land resources

“Government on the appropriate level … should:

Adopt planning and management systems that facilitate the integration of environmental components such as air, water, land and other natural resources, using landscape ecological planning (LANDEP) or other approaches that focus on, for example, ecosystem or a watershed.”).

Integrated planning and management:An integrated plan =

a frame plan on the optimal organisation and utilisation of the territory for all sectors and

for the whole territory

= What, where,

how ?

Basic problems of integrated and sectoral aproaches

- Sectoral approach is very strong and prevailing- Resistance of the sectors (officers in the sectors) to be

integrated under any over-sectoral concept/ planning/ decision-making process

- Resistance of the sectoral plans (planners and designers) to accept the nature and landscape limitations as obligatory regulations

- Resistance of the public and municipal authorities to the limits and obligations in favor of nature, landscape and the environment

- Pressure of interest groups to decide in their favor

Different understanding of the concept of integration (rarely as the integrative decision on the use of whole landscape for each sector)

3. Integration in planning processesCase of Slovakia

The Act 7/2010 Z.z. on Flood Protection prescribes:

The Landscape-ecological base of the integrated management of the landscape =

the integrated information system

Preventive measures for flood protection The measures slowing the run-off, increase the retention, natural accumulation.

The measures act as obligatory regulatives in territorial plans

The key element for integration: the Territorial System of Ecological Stability TSES =

bicorridors, biocentres, eco-stabilising measures

Provisions of the Act 7/2010 Z.z. on Flood Protection § 9 Coordination of the plan of the management of flood risk with the watershed management plan and with the other spatial planning

land arrangement projects,

territorial plans forest management

plans;

They alltogether will constitute the tool of integrated landscape management on the whole territory of the watershed.

plan of the flood risk management

watershed management plan

shall be coordinated

with the

Scheme of the sequence in the integrated landscape management

Management of the flood risk

Integrated management of the watershedsNational Water plan

Watershed management

Integrated management of the protected area

Land arrangement

Territorial planning

Landscape planningTSES

INTEGRATED SPATIAL INFORMATION SYSTEM = basement for the integrated landscape management

Abiocomplexes

Integrated landscape management

Geoecosystems = Landscape-ecological complexes

Socio-economic compexesBiocomplexes

GIS based Atlas-es, Catalogues (INSPIRE)

Forrest plans

Abiocomplexes

4. Key messages and opportunities

• Unified complex information system based on GIS

• Landscape plans as legal, obligatory framework and obligatory measure for each sectoral plan including for water management plans.

Provisions of AGENDA 21

What, where and how?

Where and how to use the land?

There is still a lot of work for all of us!!!

Thank you for your attention!