Post on 24-Dec-2015
Introduction to GIS/GPS
Mr. CanadaWorld Geography
Burris Laboratory School
KEY WORDS GIS GIS Data Spatial Data
Accuracy vs. Precision
Scale Projection
GPS ArcGIS Online Table of Contents Layer(s) Feature(s)
What is GIS?Geographic Information System
GIS Explained In short: “computerized mapping
software” GIS is a set of software and tools used to
capture, store, manipulate, analyze, and display spatial data.
In this class, we will explore capturing and displaying spatial data
Demographics
Environmental / Natural Disasters
Politics
Understanding GIS Data GIS represents the real world using
three types of geometry : Points Lines Polygons / Areas
OR cells Raster - graphic images
Brainstorm!What are some other examples of points, lines, and polygons?
What is Spatial Data?Data that has reference to a location on Earth
Spatial Data Components Projection: the method by which the
curved 3-D surface of the earth is represented by X,Y coordinates on a 2-D flat map/screen Distortion is inevitable!
Scale: the ratio of distance on a map to the equivalent distance on the ground
Accuracy: how well data matches the real world
Precision: reproducibility of data
High accuracy, low precision
Low accuracy, high precision
Why GIS is Important GIS adds “space” to research dimensions Geographical significance & patterns
Does location make any difference? i.e. Real estate – location, location, location..
Are there any patterns? i.e. Migration patterns? How did the disease spread?
Geographical relationships Are A and B in this location related? i.e. Crime rate and average housing value
Prediction & Information management How many people will be affected by flooding?
GPS ExerciseFriday April 11th and Monday April 14th
What is GPS?Global Positioning System
GPS Receivers Handheld devices using satellite signals
to calculate location Latitude: distance North / South of the
Equator 90 degrees = Poles 0 degree = Equator
Longitude: distance East / West of the Prime Meridian 0 degree = Prime Meridian (Greenwich, UK) 180 degrees = International Date Line
How to Read Lat / Long Degrees, Minutes, Seconds
0 – 90 degrees North / South 0 – 180 degrees East / West 60 Minutes in a degree 60 Seconds in a minute
43°52'49'' N, 103°27'33'' W
Activity Description Identify locations on Ball State campus
using Garmin GPS receivers, given only latitude and longitude points Coordinate points are predetermined! All locations will be south of Riverside Ave
Using Your Garmin “Hot” and “Cold” Watch your latitude and longitude points
shift until you have reached your location
Directions1. Turn on your receiver by holding down the
power button on the right-hand side (you will hear a beep)
2. Use the Page button to navigate to the screen with “Speed” “Elevation” and “Location”
“Location” is what you will be using
*The main menu has other features! Navigate using the joystick!
Reminders We will be going outside THIS FRIDAY
and NEXT MONDAY Dress accordingly for the weather
Jacket if it’s cold Closed toe shoes
Dates are subject to change Sign up for receivers!
Mapping ExerciseThursday April 17th andFriday April 18th
ArcGIS Online Web-based mapping program used
to create maps, explore data, and share maps online
Contents of a Map Table of Contents: Area that organizes
map data Layer: visual representation of a geographic
dataset in any digital map environment Feature: A representation of a real-world
object on a map “Place” on the map
Attribute Table: A database or tabular file containing information about a set of geographic features
Activity Description Create a walking tour map of Ball State
University in ArcGIS Online using the following criteria: Tour must begin and end at the Administration
Building Major roadways may not be used, sidewalks only! Tour must be between 3 and 8 kilometers in length
(hint: use the measure tool) Tour must include 3 of the featured point locations
from our field day Map must be emailed to instructors to upload to
class website
Accessing ArcGIS Online BSU GIS log-on Access to all BSU GIS maps and data
Starting Your Map
Using Tools Show table
Under prospective layer Measure
Area, length, location Change symbols
Under prospective layer
Saving Your Work Take a screenshot (Print Screen button) Open photo in Microsoft Paint Crop photo Save as Jpeg Attach and email Jpeg to:
burrisgeography@gmail.com