Lecture Two

INFORMATION

COMUNICATION

TECHNOLOGY

SKS 1362

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Microprocessor

CPU: Central Processing Unit

Brain of the computer

Executes instructions

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Microprocessor CPU:

It has mathematical

function

Calculates instruction

Pre-loaded information

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Microprocessor CPU:

Gets instruction from user

Interprets instruction

Needs storage

Writes data

Saves data for later use

© Dr. Qais Faryadi 2015: SKS 1362

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What is Motherboard?

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What Is Inside Motherboard?

CPU, Bios, Memory,

Mass Storage, Ports, Slots,

Controllers, screen, Bus,

keyboard,

disk drives

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You can add memory on the

motherboard

You also able to upgrade it

Change the CPU

Or if you have money can replace

your motherboard for new one.

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What is Memory?

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Types of Memory

Memory is an internal storage in

the computer

It is either temporary or

permanent

It’s job is to store data or

instructions

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Types of Memory

Four basic types of memory:

RAM

Cache Memory

Virtual Memory

Hard Drives

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Types of Memory

RAM

Random Access Memory

It is temporary

It is used when needed

Off your computer lost

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Types of Memory

Cache Memory

Used between CPU and RAM

Holds most recent information

Holds Temporarily

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Types of Memory

Virtual Memory

File is too big for RAM

Hard drive keep it for a while

Use it when needed

It is a slow process

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Types of Memory

Hard Drives

Can store information

permanently

All programs and files are

stored

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Types of Memory

Read Only Memory (ROM)

All the time active

Cannot sleep

Switch off no problem

You On your computer information

still ada. Content cannot change (read

only)

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Computer:

What is Input

Devices?

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Input Devices User enters DATA and gives COMMANDS

How? keyboard, mouse, camera, microphone

Four forms of input:

Data

Program

Commands

User responses

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Convey information to one or more

users.

Four types of output:

Text

Graphics

Sound

Video

Animation

Output Devices

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What is Output

Devices?

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COMPUTER

1. Input: Accepts data

2. Takes the data and

process

3. Produce results 4. Store the result

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7. What is Storage

Devices?

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Storage Devices

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Definition:

Storage device means

something capable of keeping

and saving our data

It is used in the computer

Many types of devices

Hardware device

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Many types of devices: Floppy discs

Fixed hard discs

Portable hard discs

Magnetic tapes

CD, DVD

Pen drive, Memory card

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Communication

device is any device that can be

used to convey message within

computer and

from computer

to the user.

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8. Types of communication

Router

Modem

Bluetooth

Ethernet Port

Telephone Port

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Discussion

How Computer Works?

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Elements of Information System 1. People 2. Procedure 3. Software 4. Hardware 5. Data

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Computer Application In Society….. 1) Science 2) Medical 3) Education 4) Business 5) Entertainment 6) E-banking 7) Crime prevention

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Data Representation

Representation of information

Stored in a computer.

Types of information such as:

1) Numbers

2) Text

3) Graphics

4) Stills video

5) animation and sound

Expansion Slots

Slot for adding capabilities such as

Memory

Graphics

Devices

Sound Cards

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Adapter Cards

Allow a computer to

support a new device.

Enable a computer to

communicate.

It is also called

controller.

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Ports and Connectors

There are many connectors

and ports on the computer.

They communicate with

the different devices

attached.

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Ports and Connectors

A PORT is an interface

between the computer and

other computers.

A port is a specialized outlet

on a piece of equipment.

A Cable or a plug connected

to the computer.

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Ports and Connectors

IEEE 1394 interface

Parallel

Ethernet

USB

USB

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Ports and Connectors

Minijack

VGA (Video Graphics Array)

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Computer Bus!!!

Bus Stop?

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Computer Bus!!!

Bus Stop?

Flow of data from one component to another.

Communication with

the Brain of Computer.

A bus is a collection of wires

and connectors through which

the data is transmitted.

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Computer Bus!!!

Bus Stop?

The data bus:

transfers actual data

The address bus:

transfers information about the data and

where

it should go

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Computer Bus!!!

Bus Stop?

The size of a bus, known as its

width, is important because

it determines

how much data can

be transmitted

at one time.

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For example,

A 32 bit bus has 32 wires or

connectors

A 16 bit bus has 16 wires or

connectors

can transmit

16 bits of data

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Computer Bays

Expansion bays and expansion

slots are two components of a

computer.

While both slots are used to

expand

your computer capability.

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Computer Bays

Expansion bays, or drive

bays, hold hard disks,

floppy drives

and CD drives

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Computer Bays

Expansion slots hold

expansions for graphics,

sound

and

connectivity.

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Computer Bays

Called drive bays, it is a spaces within

your computer.

To install drives.

This is where the computer's hard disk,

CD-ROM

or DVD drive and floppy drive are

stored.

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Power Supply

A power supply

unit converts

electric to

low-voltage

suitable to

computer.

(65-250watts)

Lots Of Love!

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