Industrial perspective on CCS marine and terrestrial risk · Champagne vent in the Marianas Trench...

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Transcript of Industrial perspective on CCS marine and terrestrial risk · Champagne vent in the Marianas Trench...

Industrial perspective on CCS marine and terrestrial risk Ian Phillips – Director, CO2 Infrastructure

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• Who are CO2DeepStore ? • What do we mean by a leak? • Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!! • Focus on what is useful

Agenda

Who are CO2DeepStore?

A CCS Developer • CO2DeepStore is a UK

company – founded in 2007 and based in

Aberdeen – focussed entirely on creating,

developing and operating CO2 transportation and storage projects as Operator and / or investment partners

– acquired 100% by Petrofac in April 2010

• Petrofac – A Co-Investing Energy

Services Business – Designs / Builds / Operates

onshore and offshore facilities • Company profile (2010 Annual Report)

– Revenues US$4.4 billion – Net cash $1.1 billion – FTSE 100 – Market cap

US$7.4 billion (March 2011) – 14,000+ employees – 5 major operating centres

• 19 further offices worldwide

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Capture Compression &

Dehydration Pipeline transport Offshore facilities

Reservoir and wells

Who are CO2DeepStore? What does Petrofac offer in CCS?

$ $ $ $ $

CO2DeepStore is Petrofacs CCS co-investment company

Who are CO2DeepStore? CO2DeepStore portfolio of interests

Peterhead

Yorkshire cluster (prospect)

Goldeneye

Longannet

Rotterdam cluster (prospect)

Hunterston

East Irish Sea

• During Operations – Process equipment – Pipelines – on and offshore – Offshore facilities

• Post closure – Abandoned wells – Geological fissures – Catastrophic leaks

• But remember

– EU CCS Directive and UK law require pre-injection demonstration of low leak risk

– Everything carries risk!!

What do you mean by a leak?

What do we mean by a leak? Picture of a Storage Site

What do we mean by a leak? Picture of a leaking Storage Site

Venting of CO2 at Ischia, Offshore Italy

What do we mean by a leak? Natural CO2 vents set expectations

• Existing natural CO2 vents • Volcanic source CO2 emerges from

fissures and vents

Liquid carbon dioxide from the Champagne vent in the Marianas Trench

• Primary store must be demonstrably able to contain CO2

– Cap rock integrity – Oil and gas fields ideal – Deep saline aquifers more

challenging • Secondary seals required • Manage pressure

– Stop before original pressure • Hydrostatic containment

• Conclusion – leakage from the store

to surface is VERY unlikely

Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!! Will a storage reservoir leak?

• CO2 migrates through porous media – Rock strata – Fault planes – Cement in abandoned wells

• Capillary forces create residual saturation

– Pore scale trapping

• Conclusion – leakage very unlikely to reach the surface

Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!! Even if it does leak………..

• Subsea well with Christmas Tree

Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!! Abandoned offshore wells

Storage reservoir

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Working hypothesis – stores won’t leak to surface!! What can we see under the sea ?

• Geological leakage of CO2 is extremely unlikely

– If it happens its likely to be at very slow rates

• Or so big its pretty obvious!! – If it happens its likely to be a long way

in the future – Its likely to be very difficult to detect

• Much more likely is operational

leakages – Potentially larger volumes – Short term transitory effects

• Video of CO2 release from pipeline

Focus on what is useful Conclusions

• Small volume pipeline leaks – Effects of concentration and time

• Larger pipeline and process leaks

– Dispersion – speed and concentrations

– Transient effects – Long term effects

• Study natural analogues – Can we spot a geological leak by

its impact on the ecosystem – without spending a fortune

Focus on what is useful Research focus

Any questions – or comments!! Ian Phillips – Director, CO2 Infrastructure Ian.phillips@CO2DeepStore.com

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