Post on 20-Aug-2020
Identification and utilization of novel sources of resistance against soil borne pathogens in wheat
Amer Dababat et al.
CIMMYT Pathologist -Turkey
CAIGE Meeting, Adelaide, 20.03.12
Tackled diseases:
1. Cereal Cyst Nematode: Heterodera filipjevi and H. avenae 2. Root Lesion Nematode: Pratylenchus neglectus and P.
thornei 3. Crown Rot: Fusarium culmorum
Up to 9500 tubes in one run the new tubes increased our efficacy 3 times
Resistance
Yozgat CCN YT 2011
Tolerance and/or resistance reaction
Cereal Cyst Nematode Scoring System 1. (R) 2. (MR) 3. (MS) 4. (S) 5. (HS)
Disease Scoring
Further confirmation and validation of newly identified novel sources of SBP resistance which are high yielding advanced germplasm, with specific emphasis on multiple SBP resistance
Delivery of SBP characterized germplasm to Australia within the context of CIMMYT International Nurseries
Molecular characterization of most promising novel sources of resistance for specific SBP with key linkages of useful populations with the AWBMMP. Production of new mapping populations for Root Lesion Nematode and Crown Rot
Project Objectives:
Spring Wheat – Adana PPI
Resistance reaction of SW genotypes (168 lines) against the Crown Rot (Cr), Pratylenchus neglectus (Pn), P. thornei (Pt), and Heterodera avenae (Ha) under GR conditions
1
2
4
8
16
32
Num
ber o
f bes
t gen
otyp
es sc
reen
ed
for d
iffer
ent p
atho
gens
Tested pathogens
ENT
11
Cro
ss
GID
CID
SID
CR
PT
PN
H.a
v
29 MTRWA92.161/PRINIA/5/SERI*3//RL6010/4*YR/3/PASTOR/4/BAV92
5894993 476179 65 x x x
94 PASTOR/JANZ//BERKUT 5686795 462770 19 x x x
107 SOKOLL/EXCALIBUR 5687026 479309 358 x x x
35 BERKUT/EXCALIBUR 5895244 476048 83 x x x
68 SUNSTATE/4/VEE/MJI//2*TUI/3/PASTOR 5686519 462147 53 x x x
41 SOKOLL/EXCALIBUR 5895341 486152 105 x x x
104 ALTAR 84/AE.SQ//2*OPATA/3/SLVS/PASTOR 5687005 479304 70 x x x
5 CHEN/AEGILOPS SQUARROSA (TAUS)//BCN/3/BAV92/4/BERKUT
5686537 462232 109 x x x
58 VEE/MJI//2*TUI/3/2*PASTOR/4/BERKUT/5/PFAU/MILAN 5686412 480520 66 x x x
76 ATTILA*2/9/KT/BAGE//FN/U/3/BZA/4/TRM/5/ALDAN/6/SERI/7/VEE#10/8/OPATA/10/CHEN/AEGILOPS SQUARROSA (TAUS)//FCT/3/2*WEAVER/11/PRL/2*PASTOR
5686573 462570 23 x x x
103 ALTAR 84/AE.SQ//2*OPATA/3/SLVS/PASTOR 5687004 479304 69 x x x
155 SOKOLL//SLVS/PASTOR/3/ATTILA*2//CHIL/BUC 5837084 481626 115 x x x
162 SOKOLL/SLVS 5895336 486150 303 x x x
12 KLDR/PEWIT1//MILAN/DUCULA 5686762 462712 61 x x x x
36 D67.2/P66.270//AE.SQUARROSA (320)/3/ CUNNINGHAM/4/PASTOR /SLVS
5895245 481431 274 x x x x
124 SOKOLL//SW89-5124*2/FASAN 5894621 485799 45 x x x x
Resistance reaction of Spring Wheat from GA-IRAN (24 genotypes) against the Crown Rot (Cr), Pratylenchus neglectus (Pn), P. thornei (Pt), and Heterodera avenae (Ha) under growth room conditions
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Tested pathogens
Num
ber o
f bes
t gen
otyp
es sc
reen
ed fo
r di
ffere
nt p
atho
gens
ENT 11
Cross CID SID Cr Pt Pn Hav
9 SOKOLL//W15.92/WBLL1 473237 30 x x x 23 MILAN/SHA7/3/CROC_1/AE.SQUARROSA
(224)//OPATA 385184 50 x x x
1 BABAX/LR42//BABAX/3/ER2000 435275 71 x x 18 BETTY/3/CHEN/AE.SQ//2*OPATA 426091 40 x x
14 CHIR3/4/SIREN//ALTAR 84/AE.SQUARROSA (205)/3/3*BUC/5/PFAU/WEAVER
425852 42 x x
24 SOKOLL 334948 307 x 10 MEX94.27.1.20/3/SOKOLL//ATTILA/3*BCN 473281 58 x x x
2 ATTILA*2/PBW65//BERKUT 450351 72 x x 7 SOKOLL/WBLL1 460354 92 x x 3 KS82W418/SPN/3/CHEN/AE.SQ//2*OPATA/4/FRET2 452449 142 x x
12 PASTOR//HXL7573/2*BAU/3/WBLL1 460356 149 x x 21 CROC_1/AE.SQUARROSA (224)//OPATA/3/PASTOR 411101 55 x x 11 MEX94.27.1.20/3/SOKOLL//ATTILA/3*BCN 473281 61 x 20 CROC_1/AE.SQUARROSA (224)//OPATA/3/PASTOR 411101 52 x 22 D67.2/P66.270//AE.SQUARROSA
(320)/3/CUNNINGHAM 399013 361 x
SBP ZJN11 nursery available Cross (Pedigree) PT PN CR
Cre marker
1 Y
D67.2/P66.270//AE.SQUARROSA (320)/3/CUNNINGHAM/4/PASTOR/SLVS PT PN CR 1 & 8 MOD PERFORMER 2010
2 SOKOLL//W15.92/WBLL1 PT PN CR NA HIGH YIELDING UNDER DROUGHT AND FULL IRRIGATION V HIGH YIELDING 2009
3 ATTILA*2/PBW65//BERKUT PT PN HIGH YIELDING 2009
4 BABAX/LR42//BABAX/3/ER2000 PT PN NA HIGH YIELDING CROSS HIGH YIELDING 2010
5 BABAX/LR42//BABAX/3/ER2000 PT PN V HIGH YIELDING UNDER DROUGHT AND FULL IRRIGATION NA
6 BABAX/LR42//BABAX/3/ER2000 PT PN HIGH YIELDING CROSS HIGH YIELDING 2009
7 SOKOLL/WBLL1 PT PN NA V HIGH YIELDING UNDER DROUGHT AND FULL IRRIGATION V HIGH YIELDING 2009
8 T.DICOCCON PI94625/AE.SQUARROSA (372)//3*PASTOR PT PN NA HIGH YIELDING 2009
9 TC870344/GUI//TEMPORALERA M 87/AGR/3/2*WBLL1 PT PN NA HIGH YIELDING UNDER DROUGHT AND FULL IRRIGATION HIGH YIELDING 2009
10 KS82142/2*WBLL1 PT PN NA HIGH YIELDING UNDER DROUGHT AND FULL IRRIGATION V HIGH YIELDING 2009
11 KS82142/2*WBLL1 PT PN NA HIGH YIELDING 2009
12 KS82142/2*WBLL1 PT PN NA V HIGH YIELDING UNDER DROUGHT AND FULL IRRIGATION V HIGH YIELDING 2009
13 KS82142/2*WBLL1 PT PN NA HIGH YIELDING IN 17SAWYT HIGH YIELDING 2009
14 VEE/MJI//2*TUI/3/2*PASTOR/4/BERKUT PT PN NA HIGH YIELDING UNDER DROUGHT AND FULL IRRIGATION V HIGH YIELDING 2009
15 Y SOKOLL//SLVS/PASTOR/3/ATTILA*2//CHIL/BUC PT PN 1 HIGH YIELDING IN 17SAWYT NA
16 KS82W418/SPN/3/CHEN/AE.SQ//2*OPATA/4/FRET2 PT PN NA NA NA
17 PASTOR//HXL7573/2*BAU/3/SOKOLL/WBLL1 PT PN NA NA HIGH YIELDING 2009
18 CHEN/AEGILOPS SQUARROSA (TAUS)//BCN/3/BAV92/4/BERKUT PT PN HIGH YIELDING IN 18SAWYT VARIABLE - V HIGH AT SOME LOCATION 2010
19 MTRWA92.161/PRINIA/5/SERI*3//RL6010/4*YR/3/PASTOR/4/BAV92 PT PN CR HIGH YIELDING IN 18SAWYT V HIGH YIELDING 2010
20
D67.2/P66.270//AE.SQUARROSA (320)/3/CUNNINGHAM/4/PASTOR/SLVS PT PN CR
HIGH YIELDING IN 18SAWYT MOD PERFORMER 2010
21 CROC_1/AE.SQUARROSA (213)//PGO/3/CMH81.38/2*KAUZ/4/BERKUT PT CR HIGH YIELDING IN 18SAWYT HIGH YIELDING 2010
22 OR 9437534/SOKOLL//SOKOLL PN CR HIGH YIELDING IN 18SAWYT VARIABLE - V HIGH AT SOME LOCATION 2010
23 MTRWA92.161/PRINIA/5/SERI*3//RL6010/4*YR/3/PASTOR/4/BAV92 PN CR HIGH YIELDING IN 18SAWYT VARIABLE - V HIGH AT SOME LOCATION 2010
24 BERKUT/EXCALIBUR PN CR HIGH YIELDING IN 18SAWYT VARIABLE - V HIGH AT SOME LOCATION 2010
Nursery request due by last Friday 16th March – so far 11 requests All data including CIMMYT and Aust Yld data on CAIGE website
11 Cross Block Spring Wheat screened against CR F. culmorum
0102030405060708090
100
1 2 3 4 5
% o
f gen
otyp
es re
actio
n sc
reen
ed fo
r th
eir r
esis
tanc
e re
actio
n to
CR
Germplasm reaction (1-5 scale)
11 E
NT
C
NA
ME
A
CC
NO
C
ID
O
C
CR
sc
ore/
5
reps
Gro
up
65 KERN(YR15;GPC;2NS) USA 1,4 1 79 CNDO/R143//ENTE/MEXI_2/3/AEGILO
PS SQUARROSA (TAUS)/4/WEAVER/5/2*PASTOR/6/SKAUZ/PARUS//PARUS
CMSS04Y00421S MX 1,6 1
92 SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2/BOW//KAUZ/4/PBW343*2/KUKUNA
CGSS03B00169S MX 1,6 1
14 SHARP/3/PRL/SARA//TSI/VEE#5/5/VEE/LIRA//BOW/3/BCN/4/KAUZ
081287 CMSA00Y00820T MX 1,6 1
75 EXCALIBUR/WBLL1 CMSA00Y00600S MX 1,8 1
120 ATTILA/3*BCN*2//BAV92 CMSS97M04170F 1,8 1
44 6R(6D) Cre R - not effective in TURKEY
030883 AUS 1,8 1
12 KIRITATI/4/SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2/BOW//KAUZ
081272 CGSS02Y00140S MX 1,8 1
15 WEAVER/TSC//WEAVER/3/WEAVER/4/WAXWING
081328 CGSS02Y00202S MX 1,8 1
Seri ( S) 951027 1,6 1 Altay ( MR) 10627 4,0 4
The dry land Crown Rot caused by Fusarium spp
Growth Room & Laboratory work
One germinated seed is sown in each tube , Nematodes inoculation (300 J2) at the same day with seed sowing, fusarium inoculation one week after seed sowing (1000.000 spore/1ml to the stem base).
Browning on the crown/stem
1= % 1-9
2= % 10-29 3= % 30-69 4= % 70-89 5= % 90-99
.
To Identify Resistant Wheat Lines Against CR under GR & Field Conditions
The inoculum was cultured on SNA plates of F. culmorum.
CR Scale 0-10 Crown Lesioning
Crown Rot ‘Fusarium culmorum’
To identify resistant wheat lines against CR under Field conditions
• Experiments contains check lines and replicated 3 x
• Plants are being scored during the field season for the typical symptoms of a. whitehead formation
b. crown tissue score (degree of browning at the base of tissue)
• Reisolation of fungi from observation plots are being checked
Scoring the Plants During The Season
The plants are scored twice using a 0-5 scale with and without inoculation plots
1.Ripening (Zadock growth stage 91-94) based on whitehead formation premature death of tillers, the key symptom of Crown Rot
2.Maturity (Zadock growth stage 99) based on overall plant stand and scoring growth reduction(gr) in inoculated vs control;
1. <5-10 % gr
2. >5-10 % gr
3. 10-30% gr
4. 30-50% gr
5. > 50% gr
Surveyed Locations for Root Diseases in Cereal fields/Turkey 2011
EYE SPOT Rhizoctonia sp., Psedocercosporella
COMMON ROOT ROT Bipolaris sorokiniana
TAKE ALL Geaumannomyces graminis var tritici.
CROWN ROT Fusarium sp.
REPRESENTATIVE SURVEY SAMPLES & CAUSAL PATHOGENS 2011
Isolation already started further work is being planned to colloborate with Bonn University.
THRACE REGION
White Head
Rotation
Winter wheat widely grown Surveyed locations: Tekirdağ,Edirne, Kırklareli Total wheat grown area in these locations 4.538.872 da (2007) Sunflower is being used as rotation crop but it is not controlled the soil borne root disease. The most common pathogen Fusarium, Psedocercosporella, Rhizoctonia, Cochliobolus, Rhizopus, Cephalosporium, Gaeumannomyces, Pythium and Alternaria Disease severity % 32.
Crown Rot Yield Losses 1112
Locations Yozgat
Eskisehir Adana Edirne
Diyarbakır
A set of Spring, Winter and Facultative wheat genotypes which widely grown in Turkey will be planted in different locations for yield losses trials. Standard check lines will be included as well. Treatments: 1. Control (only seeds, but soil Fc infested) 2. Fc treated 3. Chemical ST, 4. Fc treated + Chemical ST
5. One more treatment was planted in Fusarium cleaned area to serve absolute controls for both trials
Last No GEO Germplasm
WBW, SBW, FBW
1 Altay 2000 WBW
2 Bezostaja 1 WBW
3 Karahan-99 WBW
4 Kate A-1 WBW
5 Sönmez 2001 WBW
6 Adana-99 SBW 7 Pandas SBW 8 Seri 82 SBW 9 Carisma SBW
10 Kiziltan 91 WDW
11 Momtchill FBW
12 Pamukova 97 FBW
13 Tahirova 2000 FBW
14 Esperia FBW
No.
NU
RSER
Y N
AME
NU
R A
BB.
EN
T #
REPS
YI
ELD
/OBS
W
ith/W
itho
ut In
ocul
um
YOZG
AT
ADAN
A
EDIR
NE
Not
e
11 12 Crown Rot National 12CR NAT 100 2 O H X 1 m long (5 g) seeds
12 12 Crossing Block Crown Rot IWWIP 12CB CR IWWIP 141 1 O H X
5 g seeds for both Growth Room and Field testing. Will be planted in 1 m long under field condition.
13 29th Semi Arid Wheat Spring Nursery- Mex
29THSAWSN Mex 126 3 O H X
14 Material Introduction Nursery Crown Rot MINCR 252 1 O H X
15 27 Semi Arid Spring Wheat Nursery 27SASWN 126 1 x
16 12 Yield Trial Crown Rot 12YTCR 58 2 Y H/L X
17 12 Crown Rot Observation Nursery 12CRON 43 1
18 Crown Rot Yield Losses CRYL 14 4 Y H/L X 2 X
19 Seed Increase x x
2012 CR Field Trials
Factors Soil type 1. 70:30:1 Sand: Field soil:Organic matter
2. 50:50:1 Sand: Field soil:Organic matter Harvest time 1. 9. weeks
2. 13. weeks varieties 1. Warrigal ( Susceptible)
2. AUS4930 7.2 (MR) Irrigation system (Bottom) 1. Clothe
2. Perlit Pot (Tube) 1. 30x125 mm
2. 20x100 mm 3. 15x100 mm
Inoculum density (nematode/plant)
1. 400 2. 600
Optimizing screening methodology for P. thornei
.
These were assessed in a Split/Split/Split Plot (irrigation system/harvest time/tube size) and then Randomized Block Design (ID x variety) with 6 replicates
1. 70:29:1 (Sand:Field Soil:Organic matter) 2. 400 P. thornei/plant 3. Bottom perlite irrigation system 4. 9 weeks harvest time 5. 15x100 mm tube size
Recommendations from screening experiment
Didem Sağlam PhD Student Ankara University Expected to finish in 2012
Mustafa İmren PhD Student Plant Protection Institute Adana
Expected to finish in 2013
Shree Ram Pariyar
PhD Student Bonn University Started in 2011
Fateh Toumi PhD Student Ghent University - Belgium Started in 2011
Name Position Institute Shiyo Kawaguchi ICARDA
Farah Jahansahi Afsar
Agriculture Engineer
Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection
Andrew Markham Student Intern Food World Prize Khurshid Sadullavech
Agriculture Engineer
Institute of Genetics & Plant Experimental Biology of AS RUz /IFAR
Student
Trainee in 2011
Acknowledgments MARA: Dr Necmettin Bolat, Mr Adnan Tulek, Ms Aysel Yorgancilar, Mr. Abdullah Taner Kılınc, Mr Irfan Gultekin, Dr Nazım Dinçer, Dr Muzaffer Avci, Dr Selami Yazar, Mr Taner Akar, Dr Emin Donmez, Mr Enver Kendal, Şinasi Orhan, Mr Mustafa Çakmak, Mr Savas Belen, Mr. Yakup Karaman, Mr. Celalettin Aygün, Mr. Bilal Demir. UNIVERSITY: Prof. Halil Elekcioglu, Prof. Sultan Çoban. PPI: Dr Halil Toktay, and Dr Ilker Kepenekci , Mr Mustafa İmren, Mr Fatih ölmez, Mr Atilla Öcal. CIMMYT: Dr Alex Morgounov, Dr Gul Erginbas Orakci, Ms Didem Saglam, Dr Julie Nicol, Dr Karim Ammar, Dr Etienne Duveiller, Dr Hans Braun, Dr Yann Manes Dr, Dr Beyhan Akin, Ms Bahar Erdemel, Mr Bayram Erbas,. UNIVERSITIES : Bonn University (Prof Richard Sikora , Prof. Dr. Florian Grundler, Dr. Ismail Sayim , Mr Shree Pariyar ). 19 Mayıs University (Prof. Dr. Berna Tunalı, Mr. Bayram Kansu ). SYNGENTA: Cliff Wartin, Melanie Klix, Michael Oostendorp, Danile Hernandez, Dieter Hofer, Cüneyt Köseoğlu, Volkan Türkmen oğlu. INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS: Australia (University of Adelaide, Victorian Institute of Dryland Agriculture, South Australian Research and Development Corporation, DEEDI, CSIRO, University of Sydney, Adelaide and Southern Queensland), France (INRA), Germany (University Bonn), United Kingdom (Rothamsted Experiment Station, CABI. Scottish Crop Research Institute), Sweden (SLU), Belgium (Agricultural Research Centre), USA (WSU and OSU), ICARDA, Dr Richard Trethowan, Uni of Sydney, GAIGE Co-ordinator Sandra Micallef Special thanks to Turkish Ministry of Agriculture (Dr Masum Burak, Dr. Vehbi Eser, Dr Ali O. Sari), CIMMYT (Dr Hans J Braun and Dr Thomas Lumpkin), Grains Research Development Corporation of Australia (Dr Omid Ansari), and SYNGENTA for supporting this work