Post on 22-Dec-2015
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 1
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [Summary of link experiments and MSK-based preliminary proposal for Multi-GB/s communications at 60GHz]Date Submitted: [13 March, 2007]Source: [Troy Beukema, Brian Floyd, Brian Gaucher, Yasunao Katayama, Scott Reynolds, Alberto Valdes-Garcia] Company [IBM Research]Address [1101 Kitchawan Rd. Rte. 134, MS:30-116]Voice:[+914-945-2598], E-Mail:[avaldes@us.ibm.com]
Re: [Request of contributions for the 802.15.3c subgroup
Abstract: [Results for 60GHz Gb/s link experiments using OFDM-QPSK, DQPSK and QFSK are summarized. An MSK-based system is proposed for usage model 5, link budget analysis and TX measurement results are included].
Purpose: [For discussion only]
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 2
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
Outline
60GHz link experiments at IBM Research
– OFDM-QPSK
– DQPSK
– QFSK
MSK-based proposal introduction
– Concept and implementation
– Application to usage model 5
– 60GHZ MSK TX measurement results
Summary
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 3
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
60-GHz QPSK-OFDM Link Experiment at 630Mbps
Rx/Tx modules used with 700Ms/s ADC & software radio.
QPSK-OFDM modulation (.11a).
≤10% packet-error rate* reached at 630Mbps, 10m sensitivity.
Link budget corroborated.
Sensitivity = -68dBm at 630M.
Range at 1Gbps = 8m
PCA/D
ARB
630MbpsQPSK-OFDM
7dBi pk.gain
10m separation
Receivedconstellation
60GHz Tx Module 60GHz Rx Module
r = 20
Transmitter
Receiver
10m
*802.11a standard convention.
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 4
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
Link Budget for QPSK-OFDM
Parameter Value
TX power at antenna 9.5-2 = +7.5dBm
Rx/Tx antenna gain +7dBi
EIRP +14.5dBm
Path-loss exponent 2
Rx NF at antenna 6.5+2 = 8.5 dB
Modulation OFDM-QPSK
Spectral efficiency 1.1bps/Hz
Es/No 10dB
Rx impl. loss 1dB
Pwr at 1m -53.5 dBm
Sens. @ 630Mbps -73.5 dBm
Margin 20dB
Range @ 630Mbps 10^(20/20) = 10m
Range with 6dB margin 10^(14/20) = 5m
10Mb/s, 75m
100Mb/s, 25m
1Gb/s, 8m
1Gb/s, 4m
1
10
100
10M 100M 1G
Data Rate (bps)
Ran
ge (
m)
Range, 7dBiRange, 7dBi, 6dB down
Measured Range
630Mb/s, 10m
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 5
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
60GHz Transmitter
BlueEagle IOMXilinx FPGA:
EncoderDQPSK Modulator Neptune ADC Board:
6bit, 2GS/s ADCsXilinx FPGA: Demodulator
BlueEagle IOMXilinx FPGA:
Video Recovery
60GHz Receiver
1-3 meters
HD Camera (1080i HD-SDI)
High-Definition Wireless Video Link (1080i) at 2 Gb/s, DQPSK
Joint experiment with Sanyo to implement 60-GHz wireless HDMI (2Gb/s) link.
Implemented link with 60-G Rx/Tx boards, external ADC, and FPGA boards.
Sanyo provided modulator and demodulator for FPGA.
IBM provided 60G radios, error correction, and video retrieval code.
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 6
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
ANT
frame+FEC
FMmod Tx
Tx Data
ANT
frame+FEC
Rx Data
60GHz DirectionalChannel
BandwidthLimit
FMdemodRx60GHz
Tx Data2Gb/s
Raw Rx Data
2Gb/s Detected Eye Diagram :Tx IF BW = 2GHz
FMDiscriminatorDetector
60GHz FM wireless link system
QFSK can be generated by the FPGA, driving the I/Q baseband inputs of the Tx IC
QFSK can be detected by a conventional FM detector in the Rx IC
The detected data signal can drive the FPGA directly, no ADC or digital demodulator is required.
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 7
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
60GHz Transmitter
BlueEagle IOMXilinx FPGA:
EncoderQFSK Modulator
HD Camera (1080i HD-SDI)
BlueEagle IOMXilinx FPGA:
Video Recovery
High-Definition Wireless Video Link (1080i) at 2 Gb/s, QFSK w/ FM Detection
60GHz Receiver
1-3 m
Same video encoding and Xilinx FPGA as QPSK system.
QFSK generated from FPGA code.
FM discriminator output is amplified by the Rx IC baseband VGA, which drives the rocket I/O on the FPGA directly.
An MSK link would be similar, while giving improved spectral efficiency, a constant envelope signal, and cleaner received eye diagram.
No ADC
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 8
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
Summary of Link Experiments
ModulationRate &
DistanceReal Time?
ADC Requirement
Demodulator
QPSK-OFDM
630 Mb/s @ 10 m
(ADC limited)
no6-b
700 MS/ssoftware
DQPSK2 Gb/s @
1-6 myes
6-b2 GS/s
FPGA
QFSK2 Gb/s @
1-3 myes
None(FM limiter-
discriminator)FPGA
All used +7 dBi gain planar folded dipole antenna on PCBs described earlier.
All used ≈ +10 dBm transmit power.
MSK link similar to QFSK; experiments are underway.
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 9
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
MSK System Overview
MSK attractive for high volume, low power, low cost “point-and-shoot” applications at multi-Gb/s
No ADC or high-speed digital baseband required, can make a low-power product today
We believe the standard should be defined to include both MSK and more complex modulation schemes
We are not opposed to other solutions and modulations; they will be essential for many applications. But we see MSK as an excellent choice for lowest power, reduced complexity and quick time to market
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 10
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
Mandatory 60-GHz Usage Model 5: Wireless Kiosk
Rate ~ 1-3 Gb/s burst data
Range ~ 1m
MSK is an excellent choice for this mandatory usage model due to its bandwidth efficiency and ease of implementation
A power outlet operated receiver (kiosk, screen) can incorporate an equalizer for improved multi-path reception if required
Movie and Game KioskMobile StorageDevice, PDA
STB, Game Console
60-GHz 60-GHz
Ref: IEEE Doc 15-06-0369-09-003c
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 11
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
Link Budget Analysis
The physical layer characteristics correspond to the measured performance of our chipset.
Data range can be further extended with higher gain antennas currently under development.
Parameter Value
PA output power [dBm] 11
antenna interconnect loss [dB] 2
Rx/Tx antenna gain [dB] 7
EIRP [dBm] 16
Path-loss exponent 2
Rx NF [dB] 6.5
Rx NF at antenna [dB] 8.5
Required Es/No 11
Rx impl. Loss [dB] 1
Path loss at 1m [dB] 68
Power at 1m after antenna [dBm] -45
Noise BW for FM detector [Hz] 2.00E+09
RX Sensitivity @ 2Gb/s [dBm] -60.5
Link Margin @ 1m 15.5
Range @ 2Gb/s [m] 5.9
Range with 6dB margin [m] 3.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
0.0E+00 1.0E+09 2.0E+09 3.0E+09 4.0E+09 5.0E+09 6.0E+09 7.0E+09 8.0E+09 9.0E+09
Data rate [bps]
Dis
tanc
e [m
]
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 12
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
60-GHz Transceiver Chipset Supporting Multiple Modulations
Technology 0.13-m SiGe
BiCMOS 5-layer metal fT 200GHz fMAX 270GHz
Freq. Plan (GHz) RF 59-64 IF 8.4-9.1 VCO 16.8-18.3
x3
PFD CP LPF
DIVSERIAL
INTERFACE
÷2
FM DISCR
AM DET
MU
XM
UX
IF AmpLNA
BBVGA
Q / (FM Data)
I / (AM Data)RF In
clk
Receiver
x3
PFD CP LPF
DIVSERIAL
INTERFACE
÷2LVLDET
MSKMOD
IF Amp
Q
IRF Out
ck
PA Driver
FSK/MSK Data
Transmitter
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 13
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
Rx IC
Universal I/QInterface to ADC and Demodulator
Demodulated Serial Data
Tx ICSerial Data to MSK / FSK Modulator
Universal I/QInterface for Coherent Modulation
MSK modulator is 100µm x 100µm = 0.01 mm2
Demodulator is 100µm x 200µm = 0.02 mm2
Very Low Overhead to Support MSK
Current transceiver implementation supports both an universal I/Q interface to support a variety of modulations as well as FSK/MSK modulation/demodulation capabilities.
From a radio perspective, the overhead to support MSK is negligible
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 14
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
Measurement results for 60GHz MSK transmitter
A transmitter with integrated MSK modulator has been tested.
60GHz 1Gb/s MSK modulated spectrum is down-converted with an external mixer for measurement with an spectrum analyzer.
At 1dB compression point the side lobe rejection degrades by only about 1dB.
MSK link measurements will follow
IBM Research
© 2006 IBM Corporation
March 2007
Slide 15
doc.: IEEE 802.15-07/647r0
Submission
Alberto Valdes-Garcia, IBM Research
MSK Summary
An MSK-based system for multi-GB/s comm. at 60GHz presents significant advantages (i.e. lower complexity and power consumption) in a directional channel
FM / FSK detector has been characterized in a 2-Gb/s 60-GHz video link
Integrated MSK Transmitter has been demonstrated
Full TX and RX with MSK mod / demod have been fabricated, characterization for a high data rate link will follow
We are not opposed to other solutions and modulations; they will be essential for many applications. But we see MSK as an excellent choice for lowest power and complexity, especially for usage model 5