1

HowSmallofaFree-SpaceSettlementCanPeopleBeHappyLivingIn?AlGlobus,SanJoseStateUniversityTomMarotta,FAAOfficeofCommercialSpaceTransportationFebruary2017©CopyrightAlGlobus2017Preprint

AbstractWehaveconductedaninternetsurveyof1,075subjectstoshedlightontheirviewsaboutthedesirabilityoflivinginasmallspacesettlementinorbitclosetotheEarth.ThisismotivatedbystudiessuggestingthatearlyspacesettlementscanbesignificantlysmallerthanpreviouslybelievedandlocatedveryclosetoEarth,makingconstruction,occupation,andoperationvastlyeasiertoexecute.Theprimarygoalofthesurveywastodeterminehowsmall,bothinlandareaandpopulation,asettlementcouldbeandstillattractasizeablenumberofpotentialsettlers.Roughly6%ofallrespondentssaidtheycouldbehappylivinginaspacesettlementnobiggerthanalargecruiseshipwithnomorethan500peopleandtheywouldbewillingtodevoteatleast75%oftheirwealthtobeabletolivepermanentlyinorbit.Whilethisisasmallfractionofthesubjectssurveyed,whenexpandedtoallspaceenthusiastsworld-wideitshouldbemorethanenoughtopopulateanumberofsmallsettlements.

IntroductionWhatistheminimumsizeofafree-spacesettlement?Untilrecentlyitwasbelievedthatsizewasdeterminedbytherotationrateneededtosupply1gofpseudo-gravityatthehull.Thehighestratebelievedacceptablewas2rpmashigherrateswouldmakesettlerssick.Thiswouldrequireadiameterofatleast450m.However,anextensivestudyoftheliterature[Globus2017b]hasshownthatpeoplewillrapidlyadapttorotationratesofatleast4rpm,and6rpmmayevenbeacceptable,correspondingtoadiameterof112and50mrespectively.However,itisunclearthatpeoplewouldbewillingtoliveinsuchasmallsettlement.

Inthe1970’sPrincetonprofessorGerardO’Neillproposedbuildingsatellitesbigenoughtolivein(kilometerscale),initiallypositionedattheEarth-MoonL5pointtohaveaccesstolunarmaterials[Johnson1975][O’Neill1977].Mostofthematerials(99%+)wereneededforradiationshielding.Totalmassofthesesystemswasmeasuredinmillionsoftons.Duetotheenormoussizeoftheprojectanditsdistantlocation(380,000kmfromEarth)thesesettlementswereneverbuilt.However,recentstudiesdiscoveredthataregionofspacecalledEquatorialLowEarthOrbit(ELEO)directlyabovetheequatorhasrelativelylittleradiation.Indeed,belowabout500kmradiationlevelsaresufficientlylowthatlittleornoshieldingisnecessary[Globus2016].Noshieldingcombinedwithahigherrotationrate(e.g.,4rpm)meansthatsettlementscanbeunder10ktons,avastlyeasier-to-buildpropositionduetothesmallsizeandmoreaccessiblelocation[Globus2017a].

However,althoughthesmallsizeandconvenientlocationmakesforeasierconstructionandoperations,itisnotclearthatsuchsettlementswouldbeabletoattractsettlers,particularlyasthetechnicallyqualifiedindividualsneededtooperateagiganticsatelliteare,forthemostpart,accustomedtolivinginlargecitiesorsuburbs,nottinysettlementsofperhaps500orsopeople.Ontheotherhand,theproximityofELEOtoEarthmaybeattractiveto

2

manyasfullintegrationintotheEarth’scommunicationsystemispossibleandunhappysettlerscouldreturntoEarthinafewhourstraveltime.

Weconductedaninternetsurveytogaugeopiniononthismatterandtothrowlightontheminimumsizesettlementthatmightbeacceptable.Wefirstexaminethemethodsused,followedbysomediscussionandresults.Therearefourappendiceswiththedetailedresults,includingalltheanswerstotheopen-endedquestions.

MethodAninternetsurveywasconstructedandmadeavailabletothepublicfrom8January2016to17June2016.Wereceived1,075responsesinthatperiod.TheQualtricssurveysoftwareatSanJoseStateUniversitywasused.TheauthoremailedtheURLtoabout500peopleonhisspaceemaillist,postedonFacebookandsentittoanumberofspacerelatedorganizations.AllcontactswereaskedtofurtherdistributetheURL.Astheprimaryauthorisawell-knownadvocateoffree-spacesettlement,thedistributionofrespondentsisinnowayrepresentativeofthegeneralpopulationbutis,rather,heavilyskewedtowardsspaceenthusiasts(95%ofrespondentssaidtheywerespaceenthusiasts).

Thereweresixclosed(multiplechoice)questions,twoopenquestions(text)andsixclosedquestionsabouttherespondentsthemselves.Thesixclosedquestionswere:

1. WouldyouliketolivepermanentlyinKalpanaTwo1,includingperhapsraisingyourkids?2. IfyouweretomovetoKalpanaTwohowlongdoyouthinkyouwouldliketostay?3. HowmuchdoyouwanttoliveinKalpanaTwo?4. HowmuchofyourwealthandfutureincomewouldyoubewillingtospendtoliveinKalpanaTwo?5. Whatisthesmallestnumberofpeopleyoucouldbehappylivingwithinaspacesettlement?6. Whatisthesmallestphysicalsizeofaspacesettlementyoucouldbehappylivingin?

Thequestionsregardingtherespondentswere:

1. Optional:Doyouconsideryourselfaspaceenthusiast?2. Optional:AreyouamemberofaspaceadvocacyorganizationsuchastheNSS,SFF,orPlanetarySociety?3. Optional:Howoldareyou?4. Optional:Wheredoyoulive?5. Optional:Areyoumaleorfemale?6. Optional:Whatisyourapproximateincome(peryear)?

Theopen-endedquestionswere:

1. WhataspectsoflivinginKalpanaTwoaremostattractivetoyou?2. WhataspectsoflivinginKalpanaTwoareleastattractivetoyou?

1KalpanaTwoisacylindricalspacesettlementdesign100mindiameterand100minlength.Itrotatesat4rpmtoprovideabout1gpseudo-gravityatthehull.Itisdescribedintheintroductiontothesurvey(seebelow).

3

Thecompleteresultscanbefoundintheappendices:

1. AppendixAhasintroductoryremarksandimages.2. AppendixBhasthefullresultsoftheclose-endedquestions.3. AppendixChasthedataonthepeoplewhoresponded.4. AppendixDhastheanswerstotheopen-endedquestionsexactlyasentered.Thisisquitelong.

Notethatthequestionnumberingisoutoforder.Inthesurveytheorderwas:introduction,close-endedquestions,open-endedquestions,respondentsquestions.

95%ofrespondentswereself-describedspaceenthusiastsand81%weremale.70%werefromNorthAmericaand20%fromEurope.Thisisnotsurprisingastheauthorsmadenoattempttoselectarandomsampleofanyparticulargroup,butrathertosimplydistributethesurveyaswidelyaswecould.

ResultsandDiscussionAtleast30%ofallrespondentssaidtheyagreewithatleastoneof:

1. Theywouldliketolivepermanentlyinaspacesettlement.2. Asettlementnogreaterthanthesizeofalargecruiseshipisenough.3. Nomorethan500peopleisenough.4. Theywouldbewillingtodevoteatleast75%oftheirwealthtomovein.

However,only6%acceptedallfouroftheseconditions.Thatonlysixpercentofrespondentswerewillingtosaytheycouldliveinanexpensive,small,closesettlementisnotsurprising.Livinginspaceisnotasmallstep.Fortunately,astheglobalpopulationisoversevenbillionandmanyarespaceenthusiasts,sixpercentofthetotalpopulationofspaceenthusiastsislikelyaratherlargenumberofpeople,certainlymorethanenoughtofillupquiteafew500personsettlements.Itisalsoencouragingthatonly8%ofrespondentsflatlyrejectedlivinginKalpanaTwo.Evensomenon-spaceenthusiastswereopentobeingconvincedtomoveonboard.

Interestingly,femalesrespondedonlyalittlelessenthusiasticallythanmales,perhapsbecause80%identifiedas‘spaceenthusiasts’asopposedto97%ofthemales.

Ourconcernsabouttechnicallycapablepeoplebeingwillingtoliveinasmallsettlementmaynotbewarranted.63%ofrespondentssaidtheycouldlivewith1,000orlesspeopleand69%saidtheycouldliveonasettlementnolargerthanthesizeofasmallcollegecampus.62%saidtheycouldacceptbothconditions.

Almosthalfofrespondentsmadelessthan$50K/yearandonlythreemorethan$500,000.Allofthesethreewereveryenthusiasticandchecked“Icannotwaittogo.”Twowerewillingtopay“EverythingI’vegot.”Theydidwantalargerpopulation,checking“501to1,000,”“1,001to5,000,”and“Morethan10,000”forpopulationsize.Nonesaidtheywouldbehappyonacruiseshipsizedsettlement.Interestingly,noneofthementeredanythingfortheopen-endedquestions.Theattitudesofthewealthyareimportantbecauseevenwiththemostoptimisticscenariostraveltoandfromasettlementcouldeasilycost$100,000ormoreperperson2.Thecostoftransportingthematerialsforconstructionusingthesameoptimisticscenariowouldlikelybeover$1millionperresident[Globus2017a].

2ThemostoptimisticfuturecostprojectionbyasuccessfulspacelaunchcompanyisthattheSpaceXInterplanetaryTransportationSystem(ITS)couldmeetitscostgoalof$200,000perpersonfromEarthtoMars.Thefirstlegofthis

4

Whenrespondingtotheopen-endedquestionaboutwhatisattractiveaboutlivinginspacethemostcommonremarkwassimplythatitwas“inspace,”notanyparticularcharacteristicoflivinginspace.Thiswasmentionedbyaround375ofthe1,075respondents.Thissuggeststhatsimplytheideaoflivinginspaceisapowerfulmotivator.Therewerealsoanumberofrespondentsthatlikedtheideaoflivinginasmall,tight-knitcommunity.The‘leastattractive’questiondrewmanyresponsesincludingseparationfromfamily,smallsize,highcostoftraveltoandfromthesettlement,anddanger.

ConclusionAsmallfraction(6%)ofspaceenthusiastssaytheyareinterestedinlivingintheequivalentofa100mdiameter50mlengthsettlement(largecruiseshipsize)sharingwitharound500peopleinaloworbitaroundtheEarth.Thisisprobablyenoughtofillanumberofearlysettlements.Thisisgoodnewsforearlyspacesettlements:thefirstonescanbeamere500kmawayandhaveamasslessthan20timesthatoftheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).Thus,buildingthefirstspacesettlementisnotnecessarilyamassiveprojectwithgargantuanup-frontcosts,butratheradifficultalbeittractableengineeringproblemwithlargeupfrontcosts.

AcknowledgementsThankstoJudyTippettandDavidBrandt-Erichsenforeditingthispaper.

References [Globus 2017a] Globus, Al, Stephen Covey, and Daniel Faber. “Space Settlement: An Easier Way,” February 2017. http://space.alglobus.net/papers/Easy.pdf. [Globus 2017 b] Globus, Al, and Theodore Hall. “Space Settlement Population Rotation Tolerance,” January 2017. http://space.alglobus.net/papers/RotationPaper.pdf. [Globus2016]Globus, Al, and Joe Strout. “Orbital Space Settlement Radiation Shielding,” December 2016. http://space.alglobus.net/papers/RadiationPaper.pdf.

[Johnson1975]Johnson,Richard,andCharlesHolbrow.“SpaceSettlements:ADesignStudy.”NASA,1975.http://space.alglobus.net/75SummerStudy/Design.html.

[O’Neill1977]O’Neill,GerardK.SpaceResourcesandSpaceSettlements-NASASP-428.NASA,1977.http://space.alglobus.net/spaceres/index.html.

AppendixA:IntroductionThisintroductionwasshowntoeachrespondentwhentheyclickedonthesurveyURL.NotethattheimagesareofKalpanaTwo,a100mdiameter100mlengthcylindricalsettlementlocatedinELEO.Thesettlementintheimagesisabouttwicethelengthoftheequivalentlivingareaofaverylargecruiseship,thesizethatover30%ofrespondentssaytheycouldbehappylivingin.Hereistheintroductionaspresentedtoresponders.

transportationsystemisfromEarthtoLowEarthOrbitandweassumethatitwillbehalfthecostofthewholetrip,whichisprobablyconservative.

5

Space Settlement Survey In a few decades you might be able to buy an apartment in space. Recent groundbreaking research indicates it is much easier than previously thought to build space settlements in orbit very close to Earth. Intrigued? You can help. Please read the description of the proposed space settlement, named Kalpana Two, answer eight required survey questions, then click on the >> button at the end. This usually takes less than ten minutes. Your responses will help inform the design of early space settlements. Thank you in advance for your participation. Kalpana Two The Kalpana Two design is a cylinder 110 meters (120 yards) in diameter and 110 meters in length. Total living area is about the same as three of the world's largest cruise ships lashed together. It will have a population of 500-1,000 residents and guests. Kalpana Two is designed to orbit about 500 kilometers (310 miles) above the Earth’s equator, where space radiation levels are particularly low. Residents will have spectacular views of Earth. People will be able to travel to and from Earth in a few hours, although it will be quite expensive, perhaps hundreds of thousands of dollars. However, Kalpana Two is close enough for full integration into Earth's economy and communication systems, including the internet and interactive video calls. Kalpana Two will have Earth-normal artificial gravity on the inside of the hull and zero-gravity in the middle, where you can literally fly. Space walks outside the settlement may also be popular. There will be plenty of work in Kalpana Two. Keeping it running will require a great deal of recycling and repair. The benefit, however, is that the residents would have unprecedented control over their lifestyles: who will join the community, what food is grown, how the settlement will be governed and even what the weather will be. Here are images from Bryan Versteeg's artistic concept of Kalpana Two to give you a feel for living there. The survey questions are after the images.

6

7

AppendixB:ClosedQuestionsandAnswers

Q2-WouldyouliketolivepermanentlyinKalpanaTwo,includingperhapsraisingyourkids?

Answer % Count

Notachance. 8.31% 88

Icouldpossiblybeconvinced. 16.81% 178

Iwouldseriouslyconsiderit. 25.31% 268

IthinkIwouldliketo. 15.68% 166

Countmein. 33.90% 359

Total 100% 1059

8

Q4-IfyouweretomovetoKalpanaTwohowlongdoyouthinkyouwouldliketostay?

Answer % Count

Notonesecond. 2.27% 24

Afewmonths 14.85% 157

Oneyear. 20.06% 212

Fiveyears. 26.11% 276

Therestofmylife. 36.71% 388

Total 100% 1057

9

Q15-HowmuchdoyouwanttoliveinKalpanaTwo?

Answer % Count

Notatall. 5.96% 63

Somewhat. 13.15% 139

Itwouldbenice. 25.17% 266

Alot. 27.34% 289

Icannotwaittogo. 28.38% 300

Total 100% 1057

10

Q3-HowmuchofyourwealthandfutureincomewouldyoubewillingtospendtoliveinKalpanaTwo?

Answer % Count

Notapenny. 10.31% 108

25%ofmywealth. 30.06% 315

50%ofmywealth. 26.05% 273

75%ofmywealth. 14.03% 147

EverythingI'vegot. 19.56% 205

Total 100% 1048

11

Q5-Whatisthesmallestnumberofpeopleyoucouldbehappylivingwithinaspacesettlement?

Answer % Count

Morethan10,000. 7.98% 84

5,001to10,000. 10.74% 113

1,001to5,000. 18.25% 192

501to1,000. 26.62% 280

1to500. 36.41% 383

Total 100% 1052

12

Q6-Whatisthesmallestphysicalsizeofaspacesettlementyoucouldbehappylivingin?

Answer % Count

City. 12.06% 127

Suburbantown. 18.71% 197

Smallcollegecampus. 38.18% 402

Cruiseship. 21.08% 222

Footballfield. 9.97% 105

Total 100% 1053

13

AppendixC:RespondentsThissectionliststhequestionsandanswerstothequestionsconcerningthenatureoftherespondents.Allareexplicitlytaggedasoptional.

Q11-Optional:doyouconsideryourselfaspaceenthusiast?

Answer % Count

Yes. 94.47% 990

No. 5.53% 58

Total 100% 1048

14

Q16-Optional:AreyouamemberofaspaceadvocacyorganizationsuchastheNSS,SFF,orPlanetarySociety?

Answer % Count

Yes. 40.33% 415

No. 59.67% 614

Total 100% 1029

15

Q7-Optional:howoldareyou?

Answer % Count

Under18. 6.13% 64

18to25. 14.27% 149

25to45. 36.40% 380

45to65. 32.66% 341

Over65. 10.54% 110

Total 100% 1044

16

Q8-Optional:wheredoyoulive?

Answer % Count

Africa. 0.29% 3

Asia. 6.04% 63

Europe. 18.70% 195

NorthAmerica. 70.37% 734

SouthAmerica. 1.05% 11

AustraliaorOceania. 3.55% 37

Total 100% 1043

17

Q9-Optional:areyoumaleorfemale?

Answer % Count

Male. 80.94% 828

Female. 19.06% 195

Total 100% 1023

18

Q10-Optional:whatisyourapproximateincome(peryear)?

Answer % Count

under$50,000. 47.96% 459

$50,000to$100,000. 31.35% 300

$100,001to$250,000. 17.35% 166

$250,001to$500,000. 3.03% 29

morethan$500,000. 0.31% 3

Total 100% 957

AppendixD:ResponsestoOpenEndedQuestions

Q12-WhataspectsoflivinginKalpanaTwoaremostattractivetoyou?

Safe.Clean.Pioneer.

Beautifulviews,lifestyle.

Ytopia

Helpingtofigureouttheengineeringchallengesforlargercoloniesandgenerationships.

19

Beinginspace.

Ihavealwayswantedtogotospace.ThiswouldbeanicechangetotheboringusuallifestyleIhave.

Theviews.

ExplorerResearchMakingmylatedaughterproud

Space.Meetingcrazypeoplelikemyself.Also,asaphysicist,Iwantoworkonbuildingthesethings.

Beinginorbit

Greentech.DecidingwhatIdoandwhen.Removalfromearthb.s.

It'sinspace!

Beinginspacewithspacewalksandviewofearth.

Sustainableliving,communitybuilding,andaidinginlearningfromanddevelopingfuturetechnologies

Zerogravity,space

Contributingtotheadvancementofscienceandtechnology,

ViewsofEarth,lowradiationandstillintegratedwithEarthsocialization.

Beautifulview,thechancetomakeadifferenceforthefutureofhumans

Theviews,theexperience,thecuttingedgenatureoftheenvironment,whatitwouldmeanforthefutureofhumanity,thelikemindednessandpassionoftheotherpeopleintheenvrionment

Quickturnaroundonideas,change,etc

Samplingfreedomfromgravityformorethanjustaminuteorsoandtheinitialview.

Preparationformovingontothenextfrontier

Zerogravityrecreationalactivities.

Beingpioneersforthehumanrace,loveofspaceandscience,theexperienceofalifetime,researchingandadvancingtechnologiesOtherthanthebasicsthatIamsureeveryonealreadystatedIwoulddoitbecause;Tosurvivewemusteventuallyleavethisplanet,Iwouldliketobeapartoftheteamthathelpusmakethattransition,theuniformslookscool.

Theresearchopportunities.

Noveltyandadventure

thechancetobepartofhistory.thechancetohelpwritethenextchapterinhumanity'sstory.

Acontrolledenvironment

Adventure

Thatitsinspace.

Healthierlivingconditions.Somecontrolovermyprivatelife.

HolisticEnvironmentCapabilities,RecyclingcapabilityofAllthepossibleResouces,GreatcareforInnovation&DesigncentredfuturecitiesDevelopmentestheticsandmoreimportantvalueandcareforalltheresidents

20

zeroorlowgravity

Senseofcommunity,pioneering

ThestrucutreandthesenseofadventureI´dgetfromlivingonspace.

1.)Gravityvariationoptionsforrecreationalpurposes.2.)I'dbelivinginspace!3.)Thewholeexperience.

AlthoughIwouldn'tliketolivetheremyself,Ifindideaslikethisfascinating,andverymuchliketheideaofrapturingupasmanyterrestialoccupantsaspossible.I'vebeenreadingsci-fifor63yearsanddoingmusic,mycologyandcomputermodelingfor60,40and30yearsrespectively-andliketheabsurdityofanaccordioninzero-g-alongwithselectivegravityzonesformyvintagebones.

It'sinspace!

Zerogravityarea.

Adventure.Progressionofhumanknowledge.Community.

Gettingoff-planetanddoingsomethinguntried.

It'sacoolidea.

Ibelievethistypeofrotatingspacestationisrealisticallydoableandwouldverymuchliketoseeitsconstructioninmylifetime.

Selfsustainingenvironment,study,researchonhealth,community,interfaithunderstandingandcreativity.

Abravenewworld

Notreallyanythingformepersonallyexcepttoadmireasanoutsideobserver

IseeitasanEarthlingtownfloatinginspace,therefore,thesamethingsthatattractmetoliveonEarth.

Beingapioneer,novelty,beingamongforward-thinkingindividuals.

controlofatmosphereandfood-sothatitishealthy

Theopportunitytobepartofspacecolonizationandexperimentsrelatedtospacestationlife.

Seperstionfromtheproblemsofearth

Beinginspace.

It'suniqueandinteresting

It'sinspace.

nothing

Beinginspace!

Space

None

Zerogravityandspacewalks

Theideaoflivinginspace.Theuniquenessandtherapidexpandingofhumanintellect!

21

Livinginlowgravityspace!

Allpeoplearechosenorhavechosentolivethereoutofmotivationandtogainpersonalexperience,alotofpeoplewillhavethesameinterestsandmentality.TherewillalsobealotlesscrimethanonEarth,consideringtherewouldbenoneedforthat.

Beingabletogotothecenterwherethereisnogravityandflying,

ChrisJannettehere.I'drelocatetheSpaceSettlementAlliance/TREDLabsthereandhaveatrainingfacilitythatwouldconstantlybedoingshuttlerunstonewlocationsusingKP2asalaunchpoint.

AwayfromEarth&noise,traffic,etc.Forstudies,research,mediationissues,

adventure

LivinginaspacesettlementthatiscloseenoughtobefullyintegratedwithEarth'seconomy.That,andtheview!

LowenergycostaccesstotravelintheInnersolarsystem.

Helpinghumanitycreatethefirstcolonyinspacewiththehopeofcreatingmoreandmoreastimewentby.

ProgressinghumansettlementinspaceandpotentiallyMars

Unique,canexperienceweightlessnessdependingwhereyouareat.

Thedifferenceofall.

Probably,theviewsofEarthandit'sapartnessfromourworld.

Thenewplaceforlife-theSpace.

Livinginspace

1.Theabilitytoexpandeasily2.Convenienceofresources3.Controlledweather

CleanOpenenvironment,hightechnologylivingaplacetolivenottovisit.

Maybeoneofthereasonsisthatwewillbewherespaceradiationlevelsareparticularlylow.Andithinkthathumanityshouldtakerisks,becauseweshouldexplorethespaceandseewhichisthebestprotectedplaceforus,ourkidsandetc.

It'sinspace.

Tohelpmankindbecomeaspacefaringspecies.

Notathing

highstrangeness.

beinginspace

itsinfreakin'space

Theabilitytobeinaself-governing,selfsustainingcommunitywhereeveryoneworkstogether.AlsoIthinkitrepresentsabigleapforwardthatIwouldliketobeapartof.

beinginouterspace

Beinginspace

Placestoexerciseandenjoynature

22

Beingthere!

Thehistoricalaspect,aswellasthepotentialofspacewalks.

Takingpartinapioneeringeffortthatcouldhelpshapefuturehumanactivitiesinspace.

ArtificialGravity,Nottootoughtoinhabit

ViewsofEarth,customisationofthelivingspace,smallcommunity.

theview

Novelty,butthatwearsoff.WhynotdiscussWHYwewouldwanttogoupthereinthefirstplace.Mostofusdon'tmovesomewhereunlesswehaveareason(job).Bepartofcuttingedgeenvironmentleadingtohumanexplorationofspace.Iliveandworkwellinconfinedorwelldefinedareas.

LivinginspaceWorkinginspaceTheviewfromanyviewinggallery

Itisinspace.

Actuallybeinginspace.

Exoticsetting,state-of-the-arttech,friendlyandtolerantcommunity(IFthatcanbeachieved).

Beinginspace.Experiencingzerogravity.Meetingnewpeople

Theview

Thenovelty.

Locationinspace.Choiceofgravitylevel.Progressintothefuture.

Tohavetheexperienceoflivinginspacewouldbeamazing;thefreedomofbeingabletohelpestablishapossiblegoverningsystem,andbeapartofthispioneerinspacetechnology.Theviewsoftheearthandthechancetoworkonviewsofthegalaxy.PerhapsevenbeingabletoworkonthebuildingofshipsfortraveltoMars,moon,ortheasteroids.

Livinginspaceandseeingearthfromthere,havingtheoptionofspacewalksandzerogravity.

Smallcommunitywherewewould/couldhaveselfdetermination.

Unlimitedfreedomtocontrolmylife.

Theview

Theadventureofit.

Helpingmankindfulfillhis/herdestinyinthegalaxy.

Youcanchangelandscapeandlivingmodulesmoreeasily

Variablegravity,viewoftheearth,sun,moon,stars

Itmayactuallybeadoableidea.

Theinvolvementinthefutureofspacesettlementsandthepossibilityofresetlinginthemoon,marsorsomeotherplacethatcouldbepossiblyterraformed.

IwantedtobeanastronautwhenIwasakid.Itjustneverhappened.

23

theadventure

Theview,thenovelty,andthechallenge.

Lingandworkingonaanewfrontier

Achancetostartover,Ibelievethisistheultimatereasonforourexistence.Planetearthcannotcontinuetosupporthumanhabitationasitis.It'sjustamatteroftimebeforewetotallyoutgrowourplanet.

chanceforlonger,moreproductivelifegivenmymutation(IBMPFD)

gravity

Helpingtobringhumanity'sdreamof"AdAstra"intoreality.Beingonthe"bleedingedge"oftechnology,theview,andtheadventureofmakingSpaceExploitationreal!

Workingwithleadingedgetechnology.

Beingapioneer,butnottofarawayincaseanythinggoeswrong.

ViewsofEarth,Excitementofspacepioneering,micro-gravityrecreationarea

Controlledlowsmogatmosphereforeasybreathability,andreadyaccesstolowdistortionviewsofspace,Luna,andTerra.

Livinginspace

Beinginspace!!

GettingoffthisEarth!IhavebeenwaitingsincetheApolloeartogetintospace.WeshouldhavebeenonMarsby1980andsincewearenot,Iwillnotwaitforthegovernmentanylonger.IfIgetthecash,I'mgoneandIhopetonevercomeback!

Theadvancmentofscienceandengineeringneededtobuildandmaintaintheenvironment.

Aviewofspace

Nothing

Aenvironmentwithreadyaccesstospace,Earthnormaltofree-fallgravityenvironments,thepotentialforanextraordinarycommunityofpeopletobecreatingnewrealwealthastheeconomicsphereofhumanitygrows,agreatplaceavoidretirementandmaintainahighqualityoflife.

Havinggoodandpleasentearthlikeatmosphere.

ThechancetoliveandworkwithotherpeoplewhoareinterestedindemonstratinghowmankindcanliveandworkinSpace.

Theclosed-loopsystem

You'reinspace!

Decidingmyownlifestyle,easymovementwithinthecentralcavity,lotsofopportunitiesforresearchandwork.

Innovation,eco-house

Zerogexperience.Beinga"pioneer"

Themixofspectacularstellarviewsandbeautifulgreenery.Alsotheideaofatight-knitcommunityisalsoveryattractivetome.

Theextraordinaryfactofwhatitis:ahabitatinspace-whataplacetobe!

24

Greenspace.Plants

walkingandseeing,withit'suniquedesign

Thenature.Theimpressionthatthepicturesgavetomewereoffreedom.ItwouldfeelasbeingonEarth.

theuniquenessoftheenvironmentandbeingapartofhumanachievementinspaceexploration/colonization.

livingandworkinginspace.Thisconceptcouldleadtoafuturedesignforavoyagetoanotherstarsystemwhichwouldspanseveralgenerations.

Theview.

Anewandinterestingplacetolive.

Alwaysdreamedofleavingearth,experiencingweightlessnessasarecreation,theideaofasmalltownfeelinasciencefictionhabitatisappealing.

Independencefromterrestrialgovernments

BeingabletoseeEarthandspace,zerogravity,andtheprogressionofthehumanrace.

Theideathatonecancontroltheweatherandlivingenvironment.Thefactthatmostorallofthepeoplelivingtherewillbetherebecausetheywanttobe,notbecausetheyfeelthere'refewtonoalternatives.Theprospectofbeingabletoparticipateinchoosingtheformofgovernment.

Zerog,otheropportunities

Justabouteverythingabouttheconceptintriguesme.IfIhadtonameafew,I'dsaythetechnicaleducationthatmosteveryonewouldhavetohavetolivethere(asanengineeringstudentitbugsmethatmostpeopledon'thaveevenabasicgraspofthetechnologytheyarecompletelyrelianton),theviews(bothinside&out)wouldnodoubtbespectacular,&theideaofconstructinglittleislandworldshasalwaysfascinatedme.Imean,howincredibleisthatthatweknowhowtodothat?!Wemaynothavethefinancesorinfrastructureinplace,butweknowhowtodoit.Ithinkit'sthedestinyofourspeciestoone-daybeworldbuilders.Endlessresearchpossibilities,amazingviews,newexplorations,meetinglike-mindedpeople,andbeingapartofanewageforhumanity.

Theadventureandcuttingedgetechnology.

Itsinspace

Spaaaaace

nopollution

Livevegetation,artificialgravity,spacewalks

Wecanliterallyfly

Plantlife

Livinginspace-Ifeelthatissomethingthatmakesmefeelamazing.

Theadventure,peoplelivinginspace

Thelocationandoverallnoveltyoftheexperience.

Promotefuturedrivenpolitics,produceexperimentsinspace,socialresearchinspace,spacetourism.

Tolivelikenomanhaslivedbefore,doresearchandseehowhumanscanevolveinouterspaceandresearchopportunities.

25

Petsbeingallowedtocome

LivinginLEO!

Controlled,consistentclimateandmeaningfulwork

Futureprospectsformeinlifeishealthadventureandmeaning.GeraldkO'NeilvisonofexpandingwithoutfoulingtheworldwidenestinwhichweliveSpace.Thefeelingofadvancinghumanunderstandingandpushingtheboundariesofwhatwecanaccomplishasaspecies.

Viewsbacktoearthandtowardsspace.Alsotheinnersurfacemightofferquiteasight.Flying.Yes,theflying.

Totallycontrolledenvironment,welleducatedresidents

Livingandworkinginspace.Tocontributetothefutureoflifeoffearth.Todothehandsonexperimentationthatcomeswithmakingthingsworkwhilethere.essentiallybeingahightechcolonistinoneofthemostdangerousenvironmentsinwhichhumanityhaseversurvived.

Greeneryandcentralzerogravityzone

Gettingawayfromthebrokenpoliticalsystemsthatwearecurrentlygovernedby

SeeingEarthfromSpaceandperhapsbeingtoparticipateactivelyanddirectlyinspaceresearch

Thepeaceandsurviving

Closedselfsustainingartificialecosystemsandlifesciencethatwillbedonethere

Thefreedomofjustlingeringandfocusingontechnologydevelopment

Beinginspace.

IfpundattractiveandinterestthatKalpanaTwowillhaveEarth-normalartificialgravityontheinsideofthehullandzero-gravityinthemiddle,wherewecanliterallyfly.(Relative)isolationfromEarth-boundproblems.Theprospectofabetter-managedsociety.BeingapioneeroftheFinalFrontier.

LivinginSpace

exploringspace,learnaboutlife..whatisit?

Artificialgravity.Isitcausedbyangularmomentum?

Theopportunitytobeapartofhumanitythatexpandsoutwardsintospace.Thecapacitytofarmsustainableonaspacestation.

Researchoportunities

Aidinginthecreationofnewsoftwaretechnologiesforthisenvironmentwouldbeinteresting.Livinginspacewouldbeextremelyinteresting

zerogravity

Tobeinvolvedwithaplatformforfurtherspaceexploration

Choosingfoodandgovernment

Predictableweather,controloverdisease,I'mold--itlookslikeitwouldbeagreatplacetoretire,couldgetplentyofexercise.Tobeabletoflyatthecenter,alaRobertHeinlein(mooncaves)wouldbeamazing.

Aremarkablenextstepforhumanitylivingonthisspacesettlement,openingupthedoorforothersettlements

26

fartherawayfromEarth.Themanagementandmaintenanceofsuchasettlementwillpavethewayforpossiblenewtechnologies.Itwillbeanamazingexperienceformychildrenandhopethatitwillopenuptheireyesandmindstothewondersofspaceexploration.Ialsoamattractedtothechallengesanddangersoflivingonsuchasettlement.

Space!Earthnormalgravity.

Controlledecosystem,variablegravitationalforces,beingonthefrontierofcivilizationandscientificdiscovery,possibilityoflivingwiththebestsampleofhumanity.itorbitsaroundearth,theviewalonewouldbeamazing,theideaofbeingrunbythepeopleisnice(thoughitsnotthebestsystem)EveryonehelpstokeepKalpanaworking

Perhapsbeinginthefrontoffuturehumanexpansionintheuniverse

Controlledenvironment

Itwouldbecool!

Obviouslyabigchangeforreconsideringmylifeagainanewstart.

Opportunitytoliveclosetospacematerialsandenergyproductionfacilities.

Beingapioneer

LivingofftheEarth,theviewfromspace,

Theopportunitytoliveandworkinspaceistheprimarydraw.I'mmostattractedtotheideaofparticipatinginthecreationofahumanspacecolonyandhelptoestablishatruepermanentciviliancultureinspace.AconcretephysicalaspectthatIfindattractiveisthechancetohavemicro-gravityasaregularexperience.

Space-livingwithlike-mindedpeople

Theviewwouldbetremendous,providedthatyoucanengineerthe"windows"appropriately.Microgravitycommercialspaceisacriticalelementintheeconomicsofspacesettlements.Tourismisalsoalikelyfactorthoughthecostofflightmustdroptoalevelthatiscompetitivewithhigh-endresorts.

technology,innovation

LivinginSpace,butbeingclosetoEarthisagreattransitionforHumanity.Alsoitprovidesprotectionfromcriminals,terrorists,anddiseases,becausethecommunityiscloselynit,andhasthepowertocontrolwholeaves,andwhoenters.Anewwayoflivingyourlife,literallytheadventureofalifetime.Beingabletoliveoutinspace,whereIdonottechnicallyhavetobeanastronaut.Beingabletohaveaclose-netcommunitythatrealizeoneachother.Spectacularviewsoftheearth/moon/space!

Innovationandtechnology.Theview.

Itsthefuture

ChancetocontributetoamovementwhichspreadshumanityacrosstheSystem.

LivinginspaceAbletochangeourmodesofmovement,towalkandflyduetochangeofgravity

Theideaoflivinginspaceismylifelongdream.

Novelty,recyclingandcaringofresources,futuretechnology

Learning,building,discovering,andevolvingintoahigherlevelofsocial,economic,political,andtechnologicallife-style.Advancinghumanity'smissionofevolution.Helpingdiscovernewtechnologies,andtravelingthroughspace.Honestly,EVERYTHINGaboutitexcitesme.

Thesupportofarobustandcapablespaceinfrastructuretoexpandandimprovetheeconomyandstandardoflife

27

forallpeople.Spacetechnologyhasadirectbenefittotechnologysolutionseverywhere.Investinginselfintoasystemasadvancedasthisprojectwoulddemonstrateandprovethefeasibilityandbenefitofsuchefforts.InvestmentintoSpaceinfrastructureisthemostsensiblesolutiontomanyoftheissuescurrentlyfacingthespecies.Ifeelirresponsiblenottosupportsuchendeavors.

Smalltownyetinspace.

CheapelectricityExperienceofbeingontheforefrontofinnovation

Exploringspace

Well,flightinthemiddle,forstarters.Livingandworkinginaspacehabitatwouldbetheendofmydreams.

Tryingsomethingnew,discoveringwhatworksandwhatdoesn't.Workingtosolvethoseissues.

Easyaccesstomicrogravity,freedomfromEarth'senvironmentalwoes,easyaccesstoplanetarytravel.

itwouldbeatestamenttohumaninnovation...andthenextsteptotravelandsettlementsfurtheroutfromEarthorbit

Beinginspace,apartofgroundbreakingwork.

Thefactthatit'sinfreakingspace.

Itsdifferent

Seeingearthfromspace,newfrontierofliving

Likemindedpeople,technology,opportunitytoliveandworkinspace

Beingapartofthefutureofspaceexploration.

Experiencingzerogravity,experimentsforgroundbreakingscience,possibilityofusingitasaplatformforbuildingshipstoexploreotherplanets.

Theviewfromspace.

Exploration,pioneering,andadventure.

Feelingdifferentlevelsofgravityatdifferentdistancesfromthecenter.Aviewofthewholeearth.Livingonthefrontier.

Pioneeringasustainable,replicablemodelforhumanexpansionoutsideofEarth.

Joiningacommunitythatisverysensitivetorecyclingandtakingcareoftheenvironment

It'sinspace!?

Adventure,livingwithlikemindedpeople

None.

Zerog.Theviews.Theadventureoflivinginspace.

Theexperience.Thethoughtofallthememberscontributinganddependingoneachotherequally.

Qualityoflife,mobilityduringadvancedage

Youareinspacewithanopportunityforbusinessandexploration.

None

28

Itbeingoffofearth

NewLand

Earth'sview,zero-gfun,butaboveallhelpingtakeourcivilizationtothenextlevel

controlledenvironmentwithoutpolution,worktohelpunderstandanddevelophowsuchlargespacehabitatcanfunction,beinspace,viewofearth,feelspecial

Theweightlessnessatthecenter.

Livinginspace.Advancingthefutureoflivingandexplorationofnewwaystodoit.Beingpartofnewworld.Enjoyingthedifferentaspectsoflivinginthatenvironment.Sharingadreamwithlike-mindedindividuals.Beingoneofthefirstpeopletoliveinspace.Helpingtoshapetechnologies,processes,activities,etc.forfutureresidentsandguests.

Thedaretodreamandpushtheboundariesofthehumansociologicalcondition.

Iwouldshedmyspacecadetstatusandlevelup.

Space

termthethrillofbeinginspace.Longtermhelpingseedhumanityoffearth.

LivinginSpace.StayingabovethelimitsofEarth'satmosphereandproblems.

Selfgoverningandpresumablypolutionfree/greenenvironmentfriendlylifestyle.

Integrationintotheworldcommunicationssystemandeconomy.TheviewsofEarth.Plustheawesomenessoflivingandworkinginspace!

Scientificresearches

Livinginspaceandallthatimplies

Lowergravity-screwthatEarthnormalcrap,gravitysucks.

Pioneeringanewlifestylethatwouldsetthestageforfurtherexpansionintospace.

Theview.Beinginvolvedintheopeningofspaceindustries.

Beingabletoviewtheearthfromspace.

Theviewandit'salwaysbeenadreamofmine

Adventureandlifestyle

Smalltownatmospherewhereeveryoneknowseachother.Mywifeisanalzheimerspatient.Wehavelittleinthewayofasupportstructure.Onechildwhois3,000milesawayandanieceandnephewthatare60milesdistant.Acommunityof1000isexceedinglysmallandwouldbecloseknit.Weliveinagatedcommunityoffourhundredhouses,roughly2,000people.TheviewofEarthandsun(sets)fromspace,andofotherastronomicalobjects.Additionally,theabilitytoplayaroundinzeroG,inthecenterofthecylinderandoutsideofKalpanaTwo.

justtobeinspace

Thenewfrontier

ThebeautifulviewsofEarth,theconceptofasmallbuthigh-techcommunity,contributingtothespaceeconomy/spaceprofit,thesurrealexperienceoflivinginspacewithoutmanyofthehealthissuesthatcomefromzerogravity

29

Beingpartofaspaceprogram.

zero-GseetheEarthfromorbithelpcolonizespace

Acontrolledenvironment,hopefullywithastablegovernment/politicalsystemthatrespectspersonalfreedoms.

LivinginmyadolescentdreamenvironmentasdescribedbyHeinlein,AsimovandClarke,amongothers.Iamassumingafree,independent,conservativedemocraticrepublic.actuallyacheivethegoalofleavingEarthorbit,livingandworkinginspace,andpossiblygraduallybecomepartofaninfrastructurethatincludescolonizingthesolarsystem.zerogravityactivities;potentialabilitytoexploreandlearnindetailthephysicalaspectsofthespace;chancetoparticipateinthemanagementofthesociety

Microgravityavailablebut1Gbasic.Theviews.

gettingawayfromEarth

none

LivinginSpace.Beingonthecuttingedgeofspacesettlement.

Thisisanearlyhabitatdesignthatisthemostrealisticofallthedesigns.

Niceview.Easyontheasthma.

FromwhatIhavehearditseamslikeaviablenearselfsustainingcolony.Beingapartofthefirstwaveofspacesettlersappealstomyadventurousside.Alsoitiscloseenoughthatitmaybeeconomicallyfeasibletotaketrips/returntoEarthtovisitpeople(unlikeaMarscolonywhereformostpeopleitwouldbeaonewaytrip-evenifMuskgetshisColonialTransportersscalingeconomically).

Livinginspace,beingapioneerforthenextstepofhumanhistoryandevolution.

lowgravity

zeroGactivities/sports,systemoperationandsustainability,exteriorwalks,earthobservation,observationandparticipationonhowsocialorgwouldwork,alternatesocialorganizations,alternatelivingandpersonalenvironmentsTheviewsoftheearthwouldbebeautifulandinteresting.TheexperienceoflearningtoliveandhelpsustainKalpanaTwowouldbeuniqueinhistory.Itwouldbespecialtobeapioneerinthisendeavor.

Theexperimentitselfisintriguing,butthereareamassofsocialproblemsthatwouldarise.

Itisinspace

Zerogravitysports.

Openspace,clean

It'suniquecylindricaldesignwhichproducesartificialgravity.

Theviewsfromportholes.Novelty.Abraveexperimentinmanysenses.

Thechallengesofrelationallivingwithinaconfinedarea...

pioneering,senseofcommunity

Beingpartofapioneeringcommunity.Beingthefirsttolivepermanentlyinaspacestation.Expandinghumanity'sfootprintpasttheearth.Preservingourculture.

theview..

30

Thesocialaspects.

Workingatspacedocoraboardshipover

Theideaofbeinganearlyadopterinhumanity'smigrationtoouterspaceisnothingshortofaholyendeavour.Iwantthetechnologythatisbornfromthisinitiativetonotonlyprovidehomesformillionsinorbit,butalsotoprovidetruesustainablehabitationontheplanetside.Earth'senvironmentwillbenefitfromtheadvancesinmaterialsengineering,pollutionmanagement,resourceutilizationandrecycling,arablesurfaces,andmanyotherdisciplinesneededforaspacecolony.Surfacehabitationofotherworldswillbemadepossibleaswell.

Offplanet

SeeingtheEarthfromsohighup,livinginacolonyawayfromtheissuesoftheplanetbelow

Novelty

Icoulddevotemylifecompletelytoresearchinthemostisolatedplaceavailablewithaswiftinternetconnection.

Participateindevelopingrealspaceculture.InterestinmakingsurethespacefrontierismoreequitablethanpreviousfrontiersIt'llshowthathumancansurvivebeyondtheearth.Alsoit'llbeoneofthebiggestbreakthroughinthehistoryofmankind.IlovealltheaspectsofKalpanatwo.Thisisawesome.AndI'lldowhateverIcandotohelpinthisproject.I'mreadytospendmywholelifeforit.

AviewofEarth

Participatinginaprojecttodevelopthefutureofhumanity,puttingmyknowledgetowardscreatingsomethingawesome.

beingaforerunner/explorerinanewfrontier

Liveinspace.Ihopetogoonmoonbeforedying.

SpacewalksandZeroGravity

Adventure

It'sneverbeendonebefore

Livingwithlikemindedpeopletomaintainacomplexlife-machineforthebenefitofall.

livinginspaceandnotontheearth.somuchtodoupthereandbuildandexplore!aholenewindustrieandandwayoflivingthatwehaveneverseenbeforeawaitsus.therewouldbegreatoportunity.thereisnoreasonthatwecantdothis!cleanairandcleanwaterandknowledgeablepeopleandahightechenvironmentandcontrolledtemperaturefreefromstormsandnaturaldisastersanddiscomfortandlivingwithamoreacademicmindandfinancialsecurityandcloseropportunitiestoexploreandcontacttheunknownNew,unique,futuristic,freefrombadthingsonearth,eg.,neighbours,badroads,extremeweather.Itwouldneedtobefreefrompoliticalandreligiousextremism.

Cleanairandfood,nowarsoranyviolencebecausenoweaponswouldbeallowedinsideKalpanaTwo.

Findingoutnewsolutionstobeingabletocreatesustainablelifeinspace,advancementofcivilization,alternativecommunity

Возможностьоказатьсявневесомости.

Thebeingindependentpartisreallyexcitingthathowtheplacewillhaveitsowngoverningrulesandthefuturisticpartisalsoexciting

31

Mostattractiveaspectwouldbetheideaoflivingonaspacestation

livinginspace,proximitytoearth

Theabilitytoliveinspace

Gravityandgreenspace

Achancetobepartofsomethingnew.

Openspaceswithgreenasopposedtocrampedmetalwalls.

Acommunityofpeoplewithasimilarinterestandgoals.Iwanttobeapartoftheefforttoexpandwhatispossibleforthehumanraceinsustainabilityandimpacttoourhomeplanet.Theideaofcreatingaspacespecifictosupportinghumanlife,andnotreformingearthenlandscapesiswhatIbelieveshouldbeamajorfocusofallcommunities/governments.

Beingapartofacommunity.

Livinginspace

viewsofspaceandearth

KalpanaTwowillhaveEarth-normalartificialgravityontheinsideofthehullandzero-gravityinthemiddle,whereyoucanliterallyfly.Spacewalksoutsidethesettlementmayalsobepopular.

Spacepioneering,testingnewsystems,innovatingnewsystems.

1hrtripfromgroundabove

Theadvancementofspacetechnologyandexploration.

Beingpartofasmall,selectcommunitylivinginspace

FulfillingMan'sDestiny.

Experienceslikenoother:theview,microgravityalongtheaxis.Opportunitieslikenoother:afewkm/stoanywhereincis-lunarspace.

Theview,zerogravity,livinginspace,buildinganewsociety

Helpingtomovehumanityintospace.

Theideaoflivinginasustainable,peacefulsettlementseemslikeagreatchanceatutopia,ifitevercametofruition.

Smallcommunity,soundspeaceful.

Customizability

Thereareseveral:theabilitytobeinalowgravityenvironmentpartofthetime,reducingphysicalstrain;asmalltownatmosphere;theviews;contributingtothesuccessofthecolony.

Beingapartofourfutureinspace..

Thelessonslearnedfromsuchasettlementwouldbedirectlytransferabletohabitatsinotherplaces,whetherinhigherorbitorevenoutsidetheEarth-Moonarea.TheentireareabetweentheorbitsofVenusandMarsisopenforsuchhabitats,andaspopulationgrows(particularlyifpracticalrejuvenationtechnologiesbecomereality)thatspacewillbecomevaluablerealestate.

Zerogravity,theview,thestars,thetechnology,thescience

Self-governance,self-reliance,zeroG,beingthefirstspacecolony

32

Any,all.

Internetaccess,meaningfulworkfortheadvancementofsociety.OptionalZero-G.

offplanet,fullgravitypluszerog,science

Beinga"pioneer"inspacecolonization,evenonasmalllevel.

1.TheamazingviewofEarth.2.Spacewalks.3.Controlledpopulationsize.4.ClosetoEarthandyetawayfromthechaosthatdominatestheplanet.5.Theunprecedentedcontrolresidentswillhaveupontheirlifestyle.6.Whataboutvoyagestothemoon?

1hrtripfromgroundabove

ViewsofEarth;havingartificialgravity,butabilitytohavezero-Gexperience;beingpartoftheefforttomovehumansouttosettlespace,includingdevelopmentoftherequiredtechnologies;outdoorenvironmentsimilartoEarth(grass,trees,ponds,etc.);communityexperiencecouldbeenjoyable(likeasmalltown);itwouldbeaveryuniqueexperienceIsolationfromearthproblems,proximitytogreatwealth(asteroidmining,exploration),developmentofselfsustainingecosystems.Beingpartoftheforwardmomentumofhumanity,helpinghumanitylearntoliveinspace,whichwecoulddotilltheendoftheuniverseasopposedtoremainingonEarth,whichwilleventuallyfail.

Beingatthebeginningofhumanity'seventualinterstellartravel.

Futuretechnology

Learninghowtosustainanecosysteminspace.

Startingafreshpartofsociety,viewsofearthandspace,beingthefirsttodoit,workingtheirtokeepitrunning

Space

Exoticlocation

Terrarium

Livingandworkinginspace

Youliterallyliveinspace,that'sthebestofall!

Thefeelingofbeinginspaceitself

Livinginasettlementcomprisedofthemostmoderntechnologies,withthepossiblitytotraveltodestinationsbeyondEarthfromthere.

Insuringhumanpreservation

ThiswouldbelikegettingtovisitRamaformyself.Buteasier.Andours.

Thecylindricaldesignwithartificialgravity

Theideaofopeningupnewfrontiersandplacingabridgeheadfortheconstructionofmoresuchhabitats.Theopportunityofarealdevelopmentofbiospheres.Themoresuchcoloniesexist,betterpossibilitiesofbiologicalcross-fertilizationbetweenthemariseinapathtofutureindependencefromEarth.

Theview,accesstozero-g.

Beingableyocreatealifestylethatwouldsuitemeinwaysthatitcantbeachievedontheearth.Beingascienceenthusiast,Iwouldlovethenewkindofspacebasedexperimentsthatcouldbemadeapartofthissettlement.Thentherearevariablegravityaspectslikegames,sportsandrecreation.Theideaiswholelotexcitingtome.

33

PresumablyIwouldbeemployedinajobdirectlyadvancingspacedevelopment.OnceinLEOyou'rehalfwaytoanywhere-theoptionofmovingbeyondEarth/Moonwouldalwaysbethere.

Justbeinginspace,themicrogravityareas,possiblespacewalks,advancinghumanpresenceinspace.

Havingfullgravity.AsanERdoc,mybiggestconcernsforhumankindbecomingatrulyspace-faringinmultiplanetspeciesarethephysiologicaleffectsoflowandmicro-gravity.

Doingsomethingfewothershavedone.

Theabilitytogreatlyimpactmycommunity

Adventure.

Thepotentialforcontinuingthehumanraceinspaceshouldourhomeplanetbecomeuninhabitable.Theabilitytoliveinanenvironmentdesignedtobestsuitsourneeds.

Weightlessness,accesstoorbit.

Beingabletoexperiencezero-g.Growingallofoutownfood,andchoosinghowwewilllive.Anditsinfreakingspace!Howcoolisntthat?!

Experiencinglifeinorbit,viewofearth.

IT'SINSPACE.

Cleancontrolled&incredibleviewofEarth'sbeautyenvironment!DevelopmentofSpace&NODruggies,gangs,leftwingelitists

TheviewsofEarth,controlledweatherenvironment,nowars.

Selfsufficiency

Thepioneeringaspectofsettlementinspace

Simplylivingingianttube...ItremindsmeofgreattimeswithNeuromancerandStarlight.

Tobecomeapioneerofspacenoid.

Thechancetobepartofsomethingcompletelynew.Thewonderfulviews.Havingasignificantsayintherunningofsociety.Hopefullylike-mindedpeople.

Iseeitasathefutureofhumankind...Andi'dlovetobeoneofthepioneers...

Somethingnew,beingabletohavethatviewalongwithspacewalks.Nottomentiontheresearchthatcanbedone.

goinspacedowork

Newcommunity,controloverenvironment,technologicalmarvels

Honestly,Iwouldn'tbewillingtodoitunlessitwasforadefinedscientificmission.Ifthisisaboutrecreationaltravel,Ihaven'tgivenuponEarth,yet.Thatsaid,Iwouldhavetoknowmore.Pure,controlledEnvironment;SpectacularviewsofourlocationintheUniverseandarealsenseofaweandwondereverymomentattheachievmentsofthehumanspecies.

Beingaroundlikemindedpeople,TherangeofdifferentgravityIcouldexperience

Viewofearthfromthere,Cleanenvironment,flyinglikeabirdinspace,andmostlynowar.

Livinginabootstrapshumanspacecolony,establishingpermanentoff-worldcivilisation.

Security

34

Livinginspacewithagreatviewonearth

Thefuturisticdesignandamountofgreenvegetation.

Selfsustainingwithjobsto....well,maintaintheoperationrunning

Livinginspace

It'sinspace!

RecreationalFacilitieslikeSpace-Walkandotherspaceorientedgames.

Theviews--ofspaceandEarth.Theopportunitytoliveinandthechallengeofmaintainingmyartificialenvironment.

humansnextstepforevolution.

Creatingapermanentholdinspaceandcreatinganeweconomy

Thevariablegravity,thevariedplantlife,andtheviewofEarth.Myhusbandisalsoaspaceenthusiast;Iassumehe'dwanttocome,ifit'sonlyoneyear.Theincomelevelbelowisforbothofus.Idon'tknowhowmuchhe'dwanttospendon1yearinspace.IwouldvisitandsettingupaplacewhereIcanseespace.Beniceforavisit.Notsureaboutlivingthere.Ilikeopenskies.

greenandrefreshair

TheviewsofEarth,Luna,andthegalaxy,fromorbit.TheoptiontohavefunandgamesinLow/ergravity.

Adventureandmeetinguniquepeople.

Being"outdoors."

Spaceexploration

Helpingbringthedreamsofsciencefictionfansandspaceenthusiaststofruition.

It'sinspace!Ihavealwayswantedtogotospace.Plusthesimulatedgravitywithmicrogravitysoundsamazing.

Howitwillbeinorbit,thepinnacleoftechnologyonceitisoperational,thecontrolresidentswillhave,andofcoursetheview!

SpaceExplorationanddevelopment,goingonspacewalks,

Thepossibilitytoexplorespacebeyondthestation

IwanttogetoffRockofOrigin.

ImpressionofTotalcontrol

Becauseitwouldimplythefirstseriousstepinspaceexploration.IlovetheconceptofRama.

GrassandtreesinsideKalpanaandhavingawindowtoviewoutsideofKalpana.

Itwouldbeafirststepintocolonizingspace.

Theviews.Thepossibilityoftryingweightlessness.Beingpartofexpandingthescopeofhumanhabitation.

Space.EverythingSpace.AndtheEngineeringaspects.I'mamechanicalengineeringstudentwholives,loves,breathes,anddaydreamsofallthingsrelatedtospaceandspacetechnologyandengineering.SoI'dbehappytodedicatemyentirelifetothemaintenance,research,andfurtherdevelopmentofaspacesettlement.

35

Pioneeringthefuture.

I'vealwaysfelttheneedtoliveinspace.It'swherewewillsurviveformanymoregenerationsthanwewouldonEarth.

All!

Beingabletofulfilmydreamoflivinginspace.

Theexperienceofseeingtheearth,space,thesenseoffreedomfromthetiesoflivingonourplanet

HighpopulationdensitywithlargeopenWideopengreenspaces.

Livinginspace.Experiencingrotationalgravity.Tryingsomethingground-breaking.Learninghowtomakeitwork.

Livingandworkinginspace.Easyaccesstospaceforresearchandextraterrestrialtravel.

Thechancetoexplorespaceandbepartofmovinghumanityforward.

Opportunitytoserveasaconstructionbasefordeepspacesettlementandexploration.

Roomy,beautiful,potentialforzerogravitybasedactivitiesinstationcore.

Livingandworkinginspace.

TheideaoflivingawayfromEarth,butalsotheideathatIwouldhaveameasurablecontributiontomyneighbors.

ThenovelseriesRingworldbyLarryNiven.

Theopportunitytobeginbuildinganoff-planetcivilizationTheopportunitytoexploretheuniversefromoutsidetheatmosphere

It'sunique!

Thefactthatit'sinspaceandpresentsopportunitiesforunprecedentedtechnologicaladvancements.

Theopportunitytocontributetohumanityandscience.

Iwouldviewlivingthereasanadventure,avacation.Itwouldbeinterestingalsotoseehowmanymonthsitwouldtakebeforeitfeltlikehome.I'minterestedinphysicalaspectssuchasexperiencingrotationalgravity,flyingintheair,viewingspaceandEarthanddoingnearbyspacewalks.

Gettinghumansoffearth

Microgravity

Spaceandadventure

Freeenergy

spacestationwheelbig10,00012,000peopleliving.

Offearth

Space.

Thescienceofitall.

Theabilitytoliveonaspacestationandthenewhobbiesthatwillbeinvented.Plustheprospectofbeingapioneerisneveranegative.

BeingpartofaplantohelpexpandlifefromthebiosphereofEarthoutintospace.

36

It'sspace

TheaspectthatKalpanaTwowouldbeitsowncommunity.IthinkIwouldlovethesmalltownaspectwhereIknoweveryoneandeveryoneknowsme.Iwouldalsolovehavingtheaccesstozerogravityandspacewalks.

Utopiabydesign.Common/complimentaryinterests,healthylifestyle,nature,

Havingaccesstospacetodesignanddevelopotherspacestations.

I'dliketheuniqueexperienceoflivinginanenvironmentunlikeanyonearth,andmaybeevencontributingtothedevelopmentofprocesseswhichcouldbeappliedashumanitymovesfurtherawayfromourhomeplanet.

Thedifferentlifestyle.

LivinginspaceisextremelycoolandsomethingIdidn'tthinkwouldeverbediscussedthisseriouslyinmylifetime.Thestuffoffilms!Havingalternativelong-terminsuranceforcontinuityofthehumanspecies;lowgravityasachoiceforelders;justlikeinnovation.Beingapartofaspacecityjustsoundslikefun,anadventure,andinteresting.Thereasonsanyonewouldgowouldn'tbemuchdifferentthananyonewhowantedachancetogoupinthespaceshuttleinthe80's.Acitywouldbethissameexperiencetimes100.Ilikethenoveltyofbeinginacontrolledsafeenvironment,andpioneeringanewtypeofsociety.Howwouldthiswork?WhatwouldIdoallday?HowwouldIcontribute?Whatwoulditfeelliketoseetheearthunderneathmeeveryday?Wouldthisfeellikehomeorjustanescape?Whoknows,butwhynottry?Ialsoimaginetherewouldacertainamountoffreedom,educationandcuttingedgetechnologytolearnaboutaswell.IdrelocatemycompanyheadquartersthereandhaveKalpana2asalaunchingpointsincedeltavwouldbeverylow.

Thescaleandgeneraldesignconsiderationsseemfairlywellthoughtout.

Thenotion.IfitwereO'Neillsize,Imightbeinterested.Iunderstandthebudgetisn'tthereforanythingthatbig.

It'sacoolconcept

Beingcreativetoadvancethespeciesandourspacefuture.

It'ssomethingnewanddifferent.Asaspacesettlementresearcher,mainlyspecialisinginMars,itwouldoffermanyopportunitiestolearnaboutspacehabitats,lifesupport,environmentcontrol,humanfactorsandsoon.

TheOpenenvironmentasseeninthepictures,artificialgravityandlivingandworkingwithlikemindedpeople.

IliketheWholeIdeaoflivinginspace,itisthefuture.Whywaitletsmakethefuturehappennow.

EscapingcollectivistgovernmentsonEarthandaccesstothesolarsystem.

Closeenoughtohavereal-timecommunications,accessZero-Gravity,andtheview.

None,personally,I'mahugefanofthenotionofrotatinghabitatsbutIpersonallydon'tevenlikeairtravel:)

Beingpartofhumanity'sexpansionintospace.

TheabilitytoexperimentwiththeconditionoftheecosystemwithouttoomuchrisktotheEarth.

Beingabletoviewtheearthfromspace.Thatalonewouldbeworthboththeriskandanentirelifesavings...Selfsustainabilityisalsoattractive,Iwouldenjoybeingaroundplantsmaintainingfoodgardensandotherresourcestokeepthesettlementalive.

FarfromEarthInternationalcommunity.Nowars?DoorsteptoCosmosInfiniteCosmicexploration

Trees,grass,water,light,temperaturecontrol,radiationcontrol,cleanair,recreation,accesstohealthfulfood,

37

waterascleanasfromearth'ssprings,accesstothebestmedicalcare,Icouldgoon…

Spaceview,smallcommunity,tranquility,zero-Gactivities,potentialforbiomedicalresearch,beingpartofsomethingbigger(firstspacecolonisationonarelativelylargescale)

Livingthefuture,lowgravity.

Livinginspace.

Theromanceofthefrontier,thepotentialtohaveinterestingwork.I'mfromasmalltown,andtightcommunitiesaregood.

selfsufficientsociety

Space

Pleasant,secure,cleanenvironment;andaplaceonthenewfrontier.

Externalview,somewheretomaybe'tour'otherplaces-stagingposttoMarsmaybe.

Pioneeringsomethingthatcouldbecomecommonplace,aswellasjusttheideaoflivinginspace!

Theadventure.Thecommunity.

Ilikethepioneeraspecttoit.Ilikesolvingproblemsthathaveneverbeentackledbefore.

Livinginspace!

theideaofbeinginspaceandhavingthatperspectiveonearth+theideaoflivingincollectively

theadventure

It'sdifferent.

nextsteptofullsized

Workingtogetherwithasmallcommunitytomakeendsmeetandbeselfsufficient.

Thesenseofcommunity.Caringforoneanother.Liberty.

Howitispossibletoexperinecesomethingthatseeemstobeunreal

Tryingsomethingnew.Livingdifferentlytohowwehavebecomeaccustomed.StartingtheSpaceRenaissance!Also,asanarboriculturist,seeinghow/ifplantsgrowandadaptinggrowingpracticestosuit.

Nothing!!!SPACEISTERRIFYING!!!!!!

Views

Viewsofspace

Theadventureoflivinginspace;beingoneofthefirsttoblazethepathtosomethingnew.

Theideaofhavinganadditionalplacetoliveandthefactthatsciencehasadvancedthisdramaticallyisattractive.

Theabilitytotravelbetweenearthandspace.Thefirstquestionisnotapplicabletome.Ihaveraisedmykidsandwouldconsiderthisaretirementoption.Dependsonifitisawaypointforfurtherexploration,butifso,thenthatisakeypoint.Theothersaretheabilitytostartoversocietally,maybetakingamoreliberty-basedpath.

Novelty.Adventure.Partoftheultimategrowtheconomy.

38

It'sinspace.It'sgoingtothissmallclose-knitcommunitysurvivingtogetherinahostileenvironment.Ithinkthisisgoingtomakeforacollaborativecommunity,sortoflikeacollegecampusorIsrealiKibbutz.Itwillhopefullybethefirstofmany.Thefactthatwecancontrolourlivesisthempstattractive.Itwouldbereallygreattohaveacontrolovertheweathercycle!Onthecontarytowhatwehaveonearth,wherewearelikeslavesinthehandsofnature,inKalpana2wewillhavecontrolovereverything.Soitwouldbereallyagreatexperience.Liveinspace,it'slikeàdream!Alsosharewithotherspeopleswhowilllivethere,becausetheyprobablywouldbespaceenthusiasts.

livingwithotherswhoareatforefrontofspacesettlement

livinginspace

Spacewalks,seeingearthfromabove,self-governingsociety,a"newbeginning"atmosphere.

Theviewandhopefully,healthimprovements..

Thechancetobeapioneerinspacebasedliving.Thechancetoassessandrecommendchangestosuchasettlement,inordertobeina'handson'positiontoofferchanges.

Livinginspace!Activelyparticipatingintheexpansionofhumanityintonewfrontiers.

HavingfunwithflyingisanobviousanswerbutIalsofindtheideaofhavingbothEarth-likeartificialgravityANDzerogravityisjustamazingsincezerogravitywouldbeannoyinginmanysituations.

Space.

Cleanfresh

Notformetooold

Theidea,furtheringhumanpresenceoff-planet.AnyhesitationisfromwonderinghowonehasviewsofEarthfromthishabitat.Ifitrequiresspacewalks,that'sadrawback.Thatthepeoplewhogettolivetherearesophisticatedandnowwhattheyaredoing.(Becauseiftheycanprocessalifeinspaceandpaytodosothenisbecausetheyhaveanopenmindandeducation)Thenewlifestyle,thebenefitsoflivinginspace,itisnecessarytorecycle,itismadesothatwecanadapttoitbecauseitissimilartoearth.

Gaininganewviewonlifeonearth.Differentialingravity.Exploringtheunknown.

Clean,tidy,intimatepublicspace.Implicithighdegreeofcivicamityandcooperation.Easyaccesstomicrogravity.HalfwaytoanywhereintheSolarSystem.

It'slikeascifimovie

Thegreenery,andthelake.Theamountoflight,andopenspaceisveryappealing.

Usingtheinternetandbeingabletocommunicatewithpeopleonearth.Beingclosetoearthandthepossibilityofreturningthere.Thatit'sinspace!I'vealwayswantedtobeanastronaut.Also,Ithinkthatgettinghumanityoffthisplanetandoutintospaceisprobablythemostimportantthingwecanbeworkingonrightnow,andIwouldbethrilledtobeapartofthat.

Thefuturisticaspects.Thebeginningofanewera.

Theviewandtheoptiontoswitchbetweenugand1gatleisure

Besideslivinginspace?Beingabletohelpbuildanewsocietyforeveryone.

Beinginspace!Also,helpingproveitcanbedoneforfuturegenerations.

39

Theintellectualevergreeningoftheongoingspacescienceresearchandthoughtleadershipviainteractivecommunicationsplusthevarietyoflocalesforquietreflection,relaxation,exercise,spaceandzero-gravityactivities,regular-gravityactivitiesandcommunity.IfthedesignersandleadersappeartohavegrabbedtheprettypicturepartsofGerardK.O'Neill'sandTheSpaceStudiesInstitute'sdecadesofrealwork..Prettygoesfarincatchingtheeyeand,thankfully,researchhasbeendonetoprovethattheprettypicturesarepossiblerealities.Livinginanisolatedcommunitywiththeunprecedentedpotentialforthecommonmantoinfluencetheconditionsofhisorherlivingandsocial/communityrelationship.Suchisolationcouldbefundamentalfortheprogressionofcreativeandculturaladvancementsotherwisenotpossibleintheestablishednationalnormshereonthesurfaceofearth.

TobeapartoftheinitialpermanentexpansionfohumanitybeyondtheEarth.

Thatisinspace.

Proximitytolike-mindedpeopleandspacerelatedactivitiesandevents.Fail-safeprotectionfromsolarevents.Easierevacuationinanemergency.

weightlowergermandsporesetcsxclusion

developingHumanity'sfutureinspace

Participatingintheproofofconcept.

fullintegrationintoEarth'seconomyandcommunicationsystems,KalpanaTwowillhaveEarth-normalartificialgravityontheinsideofthehullandzero-gravityinthemiddle,whereyoucanliterallyfly.Spacewalksoutsidethesettlementmayalsobepopular.plentyofworkinKalpanaTwo(plspellitastoo).

theview

Theideaofhelpingtodevelophumanexpansionintospace.

I'vealwayswantedtogotospaceandbylivingintheKalpanaTwoi'daccomplishthatdream.

AreaswithlessthanEarthnormalgravityChancetoexpandourknowledge

havinggreeneryaroundmewithoutpollution

1.Zerogravityarea2.Relationbetweenasmallgroupcreatingastrongbondoffamilyandfriendship

Livinginanovelenvironment.

Justtheideaoflivinginspaceisattractiveandexciting.Theprospectofstartinglifeanewinspaceisaveryattractiveidea.Theviews,thevariablegravity(thinkofthesports!)andthechancetobeontheleadingedgeofhumanity'sexpansionintospace.

Flying,beinginspace,abilitytocontroltheenvironment

Frontier

Thehopetosurviveforinstancemankindsdecreaseinworldwideepidemics,nuclearwarandsoon!

Theview

Beeingabletoactuallyliveinspace.

Lookingatearth

It'ssimilartowhatIhavebeenthinkingaboutonmyown.Coincidentthoughtprocessesarealwaysveryattractive.

40

niceconditions

Easyaccesstospace,thuseasyasteroidminingand-processing.Fullresponsibilityfortheecospherewithshortimpact-cycles.Lessonstobelearnedformulti-generationshipsorsettlementsonotherplanetsinisolatedhabitats.Forerunneroflargerspacehabitats.

Feelinglikeapioneer,livingwithlikemindedpeople.

Space!

theopportunityoflivinginspace

Spacewalks

Livingindependentlyfromearth.

Theidyllicscenery.Theopenairandearth-skyfeeltotheambience.

Beinginacompletelycontrolledenvironment,wherewecanlivewithoutharmingearth.

Workinginorbit

Zerogravity.Goodlivingconditions.ProximitytoEarth.

Theadventure,excitement,thrillofdiscovery.Formethough,itwouldbeanamazingvacation/learningexperience.

Educationalaspects

TheviewoftheEarthandtobepartofmovingbeyondit.

Spacepioneering

innovation,status,thewholejestsons-live-in-spacething

Beinginspacewouldbeawesome!Beingabletocontrolsomethings,liketheweather.

spacesettlement

Beingabletohaveweekendtripstothezero-gareainthecentreofthestructure.

Pioneering

Nicecleanenvironment,experienceouterspace

ProximityToEarthGreenInnovationAscientificsocietythatindulgesitselfinpromotinghumanlifeacrossthecosmos

zerogravityenviroment

Flying!!!SpaceWalks!!!SeeingEarthfromoutside,EVERYTHING!!!

Thatitsinspacemostly

Thesimulatednaturalbeauty.BiotopeswithcanalswindingthroughthejunglealongwithaTahitianwavetankandbar.

Livinginspacewouldbeawesome!SowouldtheviewofEarth!!

Vacation,sebatical,research,experience(flying,Earthobservation).IwouldwanttoreturntomotherEarth.

Livingintechnicalworld

41

Theselfsufficiencyandthepromiseofmoresettlingofspace.

Futuristicandcompact

spacewalks,breathtakingviewsofearth,shuttleridestomoon,growingfoodinspace,0g,

ThephotosarebeautifulandIlovetryingnewthings.Ijustthinkitwouldbesomethingamazing.

Itisthefutureandpossiblestepforward.

Somethingdifferent

Proactiveplanning,lackofcrime,utopiansociety

Livinginspace.

Zerogravityforentertainmentpurposes.ProximitytotheMoonforapotentialfly-byflight.Theworkonthestationmightbemeaningfulandinterestingifitinvolvesmanufacturingandrepairingroboticexplorationandminingships.

Livinginspaceandlivingissomethingverydifferent

Thelocation,beinginorbit.

newexperienceandtheview

Thebiology

Inventingthefuture

zero-Gleisureprospects,perfectclimate/weather

Obviously,theadventureandexcitementoflivinginspaceisattractive.Also,thecommunalandself-sufficientaspectisattractive,asaretheconceptualpictures.

Beinginspace,experiencezerogravity

Livingin/onanotherstructureinspace(onenotesthatEarthisastructureinspace).Pushingtheboundaries.Doingsomethingnew.ClosetoEarth,but"halfway"toanywhereinthesolarsystem.Abenign,controlledenvironment,mucheasiertoliveinthanplanetarysurfacessuchasMoonorMars(butthishasnegativeaspect,pernextremark).

Beingapioneer

It'sinspace

Iwouldliketobeabletohelpbuildacommunity,aplacetoliveandhavealltheabilitytobeapartofsomethinggroundbreakingandinnovative.

Hell,it'sthefinalfrontier(acloseone,butfornowthefinalone;)

ZeroGravityCenter,availablesunshineforgrowingplants.

AspartofKalpanaTwo,thedetailthatpiquesmyinterestthemostisbeingabletocontributeconstantlytotheeverevolvingresearchthatwilloccurthisnew,unique&excitingenvironment.AsI'moneforbeingcomfortablewithdoingnanoresearch,toflightresearch,andevensomehandsonforgeworkIwouldbefinewithworkingforextendedperiodsoftimeinLEO.TheamountsofcareersnecessarytoallowforKalpanatwoareendless,asarethepossibilitiesofworkingacareeronthecolony.Itwouldbecomeafloatingwonderoftheworld,aplacewhereextensivestudyofeffectsofmicro-gravitycanbeobservedinalargepopulationofothercolonists/live-ins.Suchalargepopulationgroupcouldprovidethenecessarydataforsolvingtheissueofhumansinzero-gravityandlongdurationspacetravel.Imaginetheamountofdata.Ifplacedproperly,largetelescopescouldbeplacedonthedarksideofKalpanaTwoforfurtherstudyonpotentialEarth-likeExo-Planetsforfuturegenerationstosendsatellitesor

42

evencoloniessimilartoKalpanaTwo.ThefirstTerranSpaceshipPortinthehistoryofmankind,amilestoneforfuturecosmonautstoaspiretobuilduponorreachingradeschoolandwellthroughouttheircollegeyears.LEO-KalpanaTwoUniversity.

controlledweather,peopleself-selectedtolivelikethat-

Beingoneofthefirstpeopleinhistorytopermanentlyliveoff-world.Participating,eveninasmallway,inthescienceandengineeringofitall.

artificialgravity;pioneeringsocialstructurestomanagetowns/societyatthatsmallyetwholescale.

Viewofearth.Subzeroflying.Spacewalks.Tryinganewconceptandseehowitgoes.

Restartingthebrokensocio-politicaldemographicsetwe'regivenwithagroupoflike-mindedpeers.

Itisoffplanet

Theviews,thetrees(andallgreen)

Zerogravityrecreation,weather,amazingviewsofearthandthestars,telescopedeep-skyobjecthunting&stargazing,accesstooursolarsystemlikenoother,botanyopportunities,pollutionfreeair,aslowerlifestyleyetbusyandtrulyrewarding.

offplanet-selectivepopulation

Theviewsandlivinginspaceyetbeinginasomewhatearthlikeenvironment.

Controlledenvironment,selectedpopulation,

IndependencefromtheEarthSphere.Achancetorepriortizeculturearoundmorerealworldvalues.Anopportunitytobeapartoftheverybeginningofthegreateststepofevolutionsincemulticellularlife:leavingthebiosphere.EconomicopportunitiesofbeinginvolvedinorbitalIndustry,spaceminingandresourcedevelopment.

ThegeneraltestofhowcylindershapedlivingspaceinEarthsorbitwouldperformforfuturebuildsofsimilarkind.

BeingpartoftheinitialspreadoflifeoutfromEarth.

Thepossibilitytomoveeasierthennow,theperspectiveofrealizingscientificexperiments,thefillingthatIamanexponentofthemankindandthepossibilitytoexcitemystudentstodothesamething.Aworktolearnandresearchoflivinginthespace.Afunctionallivingsystem,thatincaseofwarordangeronearth,thecrewcansurvive

Liveinspace

Livinginspace,beingfreeoftheEarthandalloftheconflicthere,plusthevulnerabilitytoglobalpandemicsandotherdangerousthreats.

Thesocialexperienceandchallenge.

Refugefromterrestrialoligarchs.

Reducedgravitywhensleepingsincearthritisishardtoignorethenitseems.Maybeputthesleepingquartersonanupperlevel.

Theknowledgethatonewouldbefurtheringhumanity'scolonisationofspace.

Beingapioneerandseeingtheuniverse

Theadventureofit.

Freefallandviewsofearth

43

Participatinginthespreadoflieintheuniverse.

Weather,uniquejobopportunity?

Theexcitementoftakingpartinandcontributingtoarevolutionaryexperimentinhumanhabitation.Iamretiredsoliketheprospectsofasafecomfortablehomewithlowgaccessincaseofincreasinginfirmity.

LOWGRAVITYAREAS

Spectacularviews

Itbeingaspacesettlement.

TheviewoftheEarth

Livinginouterspace.

Newexperiencetoliveinanartificialenvironment.Completelyengineeredenvironment.

Theviewwouldbenice.

Theview.Theopportunitytopioneeranewlifestyle.

Space

Nopollution,organicfood,NOGUNSANDPEACE?ifnoneofthatexistwhatistheuseofit?

Startingacommunitynotmakingthesamemistakeswefacenowonearth.

Gardens,farming,landscapes,amusements(astronomicalobservatory,tripstootherspaceships,moonorfaraway,laboratoriumofpractisesforstudients,universitycampus,etc),socialactivitiesforintegrationofeverypeople.

justtryingsomethingnew

Aclean,hopefullycrime-free,safeplacetolive

Ifonespacehabitatcanbeeconomicallybuiltandinhabited,socanmany.Ishouldenjoylifeinaspacehabitatwithclimatecontrolandaccesstomicrogravity,andbuildingmoreandlargertomoveinto.ThisiswhyIchecked'fiveyears':thequestionseemedtobe'wouldIliketoliveinonespacehabitat-andthat'sit-foracertainlengthoftimeortherestofmylife'.Inabiggerhabitat,orbeginninginasmallone,Ishouldliketospendtherestofmylife.

Thechancetobeattheforefrontofman'sexpansionintospace.

thepossibilityoflivingonthespace,andThistypeofstructureallowsmanypeopletoreachforexamplemarsleadinganalmostnormallifeuntilitreachestheorbitoftheRedPlanet,thengoingtoreducetheimpactonthephysicalandpsychologicalstressofastronautswhohavetootherwisespendmostoftheirtimeat'interiorofsmallmodulesofspaceexploration

livingovertheEarth

thatitisinspace

Creatinganewecology.

ControllableweatherSpacewalks

Space!

Space,NewtypeofsocietyTechnology

Theenvironmentandthefeelingtoliveinspqcespace

44

Theideaofbeinginspaceitself.

It'ssomethingdifferentfromwhati'musedto.

AdvancingtechtoensureHumansjourneyintoSpace.

ItlookniceandIbelievetheairwouldbepurethere.Ilookslikeacocoon.

Theperformanttechnology

Livingthelifeabove

Theuniqueexperience,thechancetoconcretelyfurtherspacetravel

Somethingdifferent.Pioneer.

toencounter,workandapplymicrogravity;tohelpenablenewspaceactivitiesandapplications;performingspaceresearchinspace

Theview,howtolivetogetherandmanagelife,EVA,tobeoneofthefirsthumanswhoisabletolivelikethis

It'sSpace!!

The'newparadigmsetting'opportunity

Spaceactivityandtheopportunitytocontributetoscientificdiscoveriesandindustrialgrowthintheouterspace.

Livingonaspaceship.Observingcelestialobjectsfromorbit

Spacewalks,weightlessness,theview.

Beinginspace.Humanpowered"flight"recreationincenter.

Oneaspectwouldbedealingwiththechallengesofdoingitforthefirsttime.Anotherwouldbesimplylivingthatclosetothefrontier.Thelocation,theinnovation,theview,thechallenge,thefactthatghisisjustthekindofthingshumanityneedsasweprogressintothefuture,anditwouldhavebeenadreamcometrue.livingwithacommunityofsmartpeople,inahightechenvironment,andtheabilitytoexperiencezerogonaregularbasisOpengreenbeltsandrunningwater.Optimizingthesebetterthanmaximizingpopulationdensity,especiallyforlong-termhabitation

Parklikesetting,Space

I'vedreamedaboutitsinceIlistenedtoDr.GerardO'NeilltalkaboutitwhenIwasachild.

controlofweather,possiblyseetheearthfromafar.

LivinginSpace,andbeingapartofthefuture.

Thebeautifuldesign,thedescriptionofindependence,plentyofwork,theviews.

livinginspace

Space

Theview,hopefullyalotsimplerlife.

Itsinspace.

45

livinginspace...

Controlledenvironmentalconditions

Freedomfrompollutionandnoisegreatviewflying!

lowcrimelevels

Space.

ArtificialGravityandVistas.

Accesstozerogeerecreation,challengeofengineeringthebiosphere

Accesstospace.

Space,thefinalfrontier.

Beauty

lookscool,3-D

Size,anddistancefromEarth

Theopportunitytoliveinspaceandhelpblazeanewintergalactictrailformankind.

beginningsofleavingearthb4phuced

firstoff,letmesaythatthepopulationwoulddependonmyduration.500othersonboardwouldbegreatforafewmonths.andacceptableforafewyears,butnotideal.butifit'sagoodchunkoftherestofmylife,then10Kormorewouldbebest.themostattractiveaspects...livinginabeautifullydesignedpieceofarchitecture,butalsobeingapioneer,workingonameaningfulproject,wouldgiveuspurpose.

Spaceliving.AlternativefporlivinginaplaceoutsideEarth.Earthandspaceviews

Mostattractivetomearethesizeofthesettlementandtheaccesstospace.

beinginspace,experiencing0-gravity,andseeingEarthfromorbit

workactivitiesandcontributiontospacedevelopment

Thedevelopmentandmaturationofmicrogravityconstructionmethods

High-techmodernlivingandsupportofspace-basedcivilization.

Adventuroussoulsallinoneplacesoundslikegoodcompany.

Toliveinacommunityoflike-mindedindividuals,allwhomappreciatetheworkbeingdonebylivingthereandhowimportantitwouldbetofurtheringhumanendeavorsinspace.Plustheviewwouldn'tbetoobad,either.

beingonthespacefrontier

Achancetobepartofsomethingnewandexciting.Tobeabletocontributemyknowledge.

Theabilitytofly!andlivingwithlike-mindedpeople,beinganintegralpartofourfutureinspace!

Livinginspace.

Thezerogravity,spacewalks,viewsoftheEarth,andtheupwardscurveonthehorizon.

46

It'sthefistthingofthecause.Butit'dbegorgeous.Anexperience.

Pioneering;exploration;contribution;andmicrogfloating,ofcourse!

Cityplanning

climatecontrol,accesstoSpace,theview

Livinginspace!

Livinginouterspace.Workingwithotherstowardsacommongoal.Simplyseeingadreamofmine(spacesettlement)cometrue,andactuallylivingonit.

Clementweather,Attractiveenvironment

SPACE,adventure,advancingthespecies,beauty,3Dprintingforlocalmanufacturing

SeeingEarthfromaboveandalsoviewingstars.

AccesstotherestoftheSolarSystem.Fuelfromasteroidswillbecheap-itmaybecostlytovisitEarth,buttheMoonandMarsandalltherestwouldbeeasy-infactwhynotdesignKalpanaTwowiththepossibilityforenginesattachedandtakethewholethingforaride.IthinkKalpanaOnemovedtotheSaturniansystem,no?Ilikethecontrolledenvironmentalot.Itreallyfacilitatestheotherbigattractionandthatisthecommunitythatwoulddevelophere;open-welcoming-andinclusive.Moresotheideabehindintentionalcommunities.Ithinkbigcitiesandthesuburbsarefailures.Neitherfilltheneedmankindhasforcommunity.AsfuturisticasKalpanaTwomaysound-itreallyisathrowbacktotheVillageoreventribalcultureinmanyways.

-_-

Businessopportunities.Spectacularview.ArtificalGravity.EVAs.

Theunknownisalwayenticing.

Spacecitizenpart

dontknow

Thechancetore-createsociety

lLivingandworkinginasettlement.HavingthefreedomeofviewingEarthandtravelingbackandforthtoit.Thevaryinggravityoptionsandspectacularviews.Thevastbeautyofthesettlement'slivingenvironment.Thechancetocreateacompletelynewsocietyfreefromentrenchedsocietalnorms,religion,taboosandstupidpeople.

TheviewofEarth,zero-gravity,andthechancetogoon"spacewalks"

Beingthefirstatsomething.

I'moldersoitwouldbeanewadventure.Iwouldwanttobeinvolvedwithgrowingfoodandwasanursesocouldpossiblycontributethatway.

Findingmysoulmate

Beautifulview,smalltown,secureenvironment,accesstovariablegravity.

Livinginspace.

Novelty;community/socialaspectsofthegroup;scientificexperimentation;uniqueathletics

Iwouldviewitasaspecial,pilotexperiencetohelpcontributetofuturespacehabitatdesignandculturedevelopment.Thelifestyleemphasisformemayberesearchandscientificcuriosity.

47

Controlofpollutantsandcleanliving.Beingabletoseeearth.Wouldwehavealight-pollution-freeviewofthestars?Iguessprobablynot.Ohthegravity-freecentersoundsprettyawesome.Andiftheculturalnormswerethatweworkedless,like20hrs/week,hadfreehealthcare,etc.--thebenefitsmightreallyaddup.It'seasytostartimagingsomekindofsocietyutopia(likeSweden,butwaybetter!)butIwouldn'ttrustthingstogosmoothlyonthefirstgo.

Space!!!

Justbeinginspace,mostly.

technicalchallenges

Beinginspaceandnewexperiences

Beingontheforefrontofhumanexpansionintospace

Theaspectofbeingthefirsttoparticipateinanewventure.WorkingonissuesthatwouldariseonKalpanaTwo.

smallgroupofpeopleclosedcommunity

livingadream

TheviewoftheEarth

Space!

Beingpartofthefutureofspacefaringhumanity.

beingapioneer,independencefromEarth,creatingorganicgardeningconceptsforindependentandhealthyliving,opportunitytodoresearch,scienceinmicrogravity,aswellasthefunaspectsandbenefitsofaginginspace

Accesstolowgravityactivities.Accesstospacewalks.Recyclingandrepairengineeringchallenges.

I'vealwayswantedtoliveinanO'NeilCylinder.IwanttoprovethatMancanliveonmorethanjustEarth.

newchallenge

Spacetravel

Livinginanewfrontier,beinganactivepartoftestingnewtechnology

Intimacy,cleanliness,accesstozero-gandtospace.

Beinginspace.Beingonanewfrontier.

Differentplace.knowledgeofalloysandideasofhowthingsshouldworkinspace,

AccesstoLowEarthorbitforthepurposesofscientificstudiesonsocialbehavior.

Aesthetics.Design.

Space

smallsize,uniqueactivities,radical,awayfromEarth.TourstoMoon&MarsbythenworldwidepopulationselectedOurworldinspacebutwecanleavewhenwewanttoexplore.

Itsinspace.

It'slivinginSpace!

Peaceandindependence

48

Constanttemperatureandpressure,everyone'invested'inthehabitatasitisamatterofsurvival,senseofcommunity.WouldappreciateahigherGenvironmentforexerciseandalowerGenvironmentasoneages.

TheviewofEarthBeingpartofhistory

Itissomethingnew.Ithinkitisimportanttomoveinthisdirection.

Pioneering,typesofpossibleactivities,views,awesomeness,endeavour-likecharacteristics.It'sjustawesome

Theopportunitytodogoodworkinspaceandhelpmakehumanityatruespacecivilization.AlsostunningviewsoftheEarthwouldbenice.Escape1G,andterrestrialdiseases,tomaybelivelonger.Pioneeringnewoptionsforhumansthatmightsurviveagiantasteroidcollision,globalthermonuclearwarorotherdoomsdaycatastrophes.

NA

Independence,expandingthehumanpresence,nowar,nopollution,limitedriskofdisease

looksattractive,viewofearth

Verylittle

It'sinspace!

Takecareofgrowingplants

Howattractiveallthegreenis.Itseemsitwouldbequiet.RightnowIamsufferingthroughthedestructionoftheentertainmentcenterinmymymodularhomepark.Getthepicture.

Inaspacestation,themechanicalengineerisking

Solitude

Newcivilization.Controlledpopulation.

Exploration

Livinginspaceisagreatstepformankindandbeingoneofthefirstsettlersisagreatopportunity,andseeingthesplendoareofEarthinrealtimewouldbegreat

farfromearth

theadventureofit

BeingabletoexperiencebeautifulvistasofEarth,beingabletoplayin0gandbeingabletogointospace.

TurningtheSolarSystemintothenewEarth.Onestepatatime.

Asidefromlivingatthebottomoftheocean,itisperhapsthemostuniquerealestateinexistence.

view

It'sliving-inspace.Itprovidesanopportunitytoresearchandlearnhowtobuildandmaintainamostlyclosedbiosphere.ThisknowledgewillenablemankindtotakefurtherstepstowardsexpandingbeyondEarth.

Beingpartoftheprogressiontowardsthenextstageofhumanitywhenweareatruespacefaringcivilisation.

Beinginspace.Livinginacontrolledenvironment.

OutlookonEarthfrommybedroom,beingabletoworkinsilenceandinpeace,verylittlerain,oratleastcontrolledweatherenvironment.:)AradicalchangefromliveonEarth,itmightfeelasareleaseevenifitsmoreconfined.

49

Space!

Theappealofvisitingspace.

Thevariablegravity!

Artificialnature

HelpexpandmankindbeyondlimitsofEarth.Bepartofanewanduniquegovernmentandeconomicsystem.

Theabilitytohavethespaceexperience/perspectivewhileresidinginalivableenvironment.

Livinginspace,startingnew,buildingafutureforsociety.

Theadventure/experienceoflivinginspace.

Alternativegravitylevels.Viewsofearth.Cleanenvironment.Closeenoughtoearthtoreturnonshortnoticeifyouhadto.

opportunityforlowgraviryandspacewalk

Beinginspace.Sustainability

Pioneeringanewfrontier

Thepioneeringaspectofit.Howtomakethingsworkinsuchanenvironment.

Pioneering.Helpingtomakespacesettlementareality.Laborpoolonorbittochangeeconomicsofdoingthingsinspace.

Availabilityofearthnormalgravity

theabilitytodomicrogravityexperiments

beinginspace

Anewexperience

Seeingtheviewofearthfromspace.

runningupsidedown

Adventure.

Variablegravity;contributiontoextraterrestrialdevelopment.

Theopportunitytodolongtermspacescienceanddeveloprealworkingtechnosocialsystems.

Adventure.Freedom.

Firstandforemost,weneedtogettotheMoonandsettlethat.Muchoftheminingandresourceprocessingcanbedonethere.Thosedevelopmentsandtheresourcescanbemadeandmucheasiertogetintospacefromthemoonthanthedeepgravitywelloftheearth.Newmaterialsandmaterialsprocessingandproductioncanbedoneeasierintheshallowwellofthemoonandore,product,andmaterialscanbelaunchedfromthesurfacewithasolarpoweredmassdrivercatapult.Lowatmospheresurfaceagriculturecanbeusedtogrowfoodtothepointthatitcanbeexportedbacktoearthandtherestofthesettledcolonies.

Interestingexperiment

It'sthefuture

50

Thewaterandgrass

EasyaccesstozeroGandorbit.Fromorbitoneishalfwaytoanywhere,solunartripsareviable,etc.Also,let'sfaceit...Theviewisoutofthisworld:)

Iwouldliketovisit,notlivethere.

ReconstructedBiomes,andSpace

ViewsofEarth

Microgravity,theviewsofspaceandEarthfromorbit,beingpartofanewanduniquesociety

It'snotEarth.

witnessingandbeingpartofapossiblytotallynewwayofliving

Accessto0-G.Beingpartofanewfrontiermovement.

Theview!

Opportunitytobea'pioneer"

BeingamongthefirstorganizationswithaheadquartersinaspacesettlementlikeKalpanaTwo.Continuingmyresearchandenablingfurtherexpansionfromthere.I'dlikelybetravelingbeyondtheSettlementandreturningthereasmyhome.inthe2040stimeframeifwehadtheeconomytosupportthis.

Honestly-thesimplefactofbeinginspace.

spacefulness

Customizedweather!

Somethingnewandintimate

51

Q13-WhataspectsoflivinginKalpanaTwoareleastattractivetoyou?

Terribledeathifsomethinggoesverywrongwiththehabitat.

Expenseoftraveltoandfromearth.

Enclosed

Iexpecttherewouldbealotofmediaattention,a"bigbrother"atmospherethatIwouldfindabhorrent.

Difficultcommutetowork.

Beingasthiswouldbeoneofthefirstspacesettlements,alotcouldgowrong.

Norealearth,forests,water,life,outsideofcontrolledvariance.

Greenery

iguess...idon'tknowyet.maybetheabsenceofsunsetandsunrise:)

Beinginorbit

ThecostoftravelingbacktoEarth.

ExpensivesoNotreachableforbasicengineersorscientistswhostudyspace.Willbeceoandcelebritiestypes.

Beingfarfrompeoplewhoareimportanttome,lessaccesstoresourcesandluxuries

Singlepointsoffailure,willtogosomewhereelse(Moon,Mars...)

Seemsprettyfar-fetchedtoimaginesuchaplaceexistingduringourlifetime.

Itprobablysmellsifitisacaptivearea,possiblehomesickness.

Potentialclaustrophobiaincrampedquarters

Thefactthatitwasn'tfurtherawayfromEarthandthatitmightrelytooheavilyonpolitical,economic,social,andcutluralsupportfromEarth

PerceivingmyselfasatthemercyofTheDesigner

Dangersofsolarflares/burstsandmicrometeors.

Toomanypeople

Possiblysmall-townnosiness,restrictionsonfreedomifany.

Socialconflict,living/personalspace,dangersofspace

Spaceradiation

Beinginspaceisbadforhumanhealth.

Cliques

riskofbeinginoneofthefirstfewoperationalspacehabitats.there'salottolearnandtherisksofcatastrophicfailureswillbehigheratthestart.

52

Thedanger

none

Thatitsinspace.

PossibilityofN.I.M.B.Y.attitudesoverreachingintomybackyard.

LackofsimilarityinthespaceEnvironmentpreparation,Lakeoffeelinglikeearthonthissmallhabitat,Lackofrealitywithreallivingthingsaslikeearth

Farawayfromfamily

I´mafraidofitnotbeingbigenoughornotenoughthingstodo.

1.)Thediameterseemsverysmalltoachieve1G-somethingmorelikeGerardKO'Neil'scontra-rotatingcylindersizesseemmorepractical-buthey,gottastartsmallIdaresay...2.)Thepossibleclaustrophobiceffectsoflookingatsomeoneupsidedownlessthanahundredyards(metres)away!

Mystrongtiestokeepingthisplanethealthyandbeautifulprecludethoughtsofexile.

Sigh.It'salwaysthepoliticalandtheologicalsystemsofanypopulation-that'snotgoingtosuddenlygoawayandidoubtthere'sanypsychologicalpanelthatcanscreenoutthemessiahsandideologues-thosequalitiesseemtodevelopinsitu.Therearedoersandshirkers,preachersandcongregations.

Thetightcurvature.Myeyesarehurtingjustfromthepictures.

Potentialfordisaster,equipmentfailure.

Cost.Separationfromfamily.

Myfamilyhasalreadyexpressedthattheywouldbeunwillingtotrysuchathing.

Danger.Whatiftheshipislost?

Maybemoreofamixoflandscapes:cityscape,forest,openfield.Fromthepicturesitlooksmostlyopenfield.

Size,needmoreinfomationondevelopment.

beinginanenclosedsettlement.MyNA(1/2Cherokee&1/2Choctaw)grandfathertaughtmeandinstillinmetheimportanceofallowingyourspirittosoarandbefree.ForNAorfolksbroughtupintheNAculture;youcannotremainenclosedoryourspiritwilldie.so,Icanneverdothisbecauseitwillbelikecagingupananimalneverallowedout.

Limitedspace.

Costoftransportationtoandfrom,mobility.

lackofabilitytotravelbackandforthtoearthinexpensively

Iassumethatinanemergency,itwouldbehardtoevacuateconsideringtheonlywayoutisthrough"lifeboats".

Proximitytoearth.

Itlooksveryfake,Iwouldmissthewildnessofrealnature.

NotsureifIcanreturntovisitfamily

everything

Nothavingasmuchspacetowanderorexplore.

53

Thecost

None

Costofliving

Travel/visitingmightbedifficultbutcouldbesolvedovertimewithpossibleinterstellartravel!

Inabilitytotravel.

Iassumeitwouldbehardtofitafullyfunctioninghighereducationalfacilitywithagoodreputationthere,asthebestteachersmightonlybeavailablethroughwebcam,whichisslightlyinconvenient.

Norovirus

Distance,Evacincaseofemergencystationwide,commlinktoEarthgone.Nofood,oxygenissues,internalriots.

homesicknessforEarth

Travelingbackandforth.IwouldworryabouthowKalpanawouldmaintainitsorbit.

WalkingawayfromalmostallmyfriendsandfamilyonEarth.

Transportationcosts;

Stillcrowdedandyouarebasicallyonasmallisland.

Notbeingwithmyfamily

It'sformandpopulation,1000residentslookslikeaprettysmallamountofpeopletome.

Ican'tguessforreason.

Expense

1.You'reonaspacestationsusceptibletoalotofbadthings.2.PotentialcostoftravelingbacktoEarth3.Notinteractingwithnaturalscenerylikelookingatablueskyorgoingtothebeach.Maybetosmall,MightbebetterlocatedattheL1Lagrangepointwhichcouldmakeitthecenterofthecislunareconomyandasteppingoffpointfortherestofthesolarsystem.Itdepends.Maybeifimovethere,andmyparentsarestillalive,iwouldliketobringthemtherewithme.Ificantbringthemwithme,itsgoodthatiwillbeabletotraveltoandfromEarthinafewhours,soicanvisitmyrelativesandfriends.

Toosmall.Toofewpeople.Maybenotthatmuchtodoandthereispossiblyariskofitbeingtoo"tribal".

thedifficultysanddangersthatitwouldhavetoinvolve.

Spacejunkthathitthestation.

radiation.controlledatmosphere.theunknown.

possiblythetechnologicalproblemsviolenceoflivingwithothers

Peoplearelikelytohaveadjustmentissuestolivinginasmallcommunitythatmightnotbefamiliarwiththecultureofone.

tooexpensive

PossibleInternettroubles

54

Beingfarfromearth,possiblynotbeingabletogetback.

None.

Feelingconfinedorfeelingcutofffromfriends/familyonEarth.

Concernsoversafetyfromunpredictableevents,especiallyforfamilymembers/dependents.

Disconnectfromworld,complexlifestyles

Thecylindricalshapecouldtakesomegettingusedto.Theexpensemaybeoff-puttingforsome.

Nowheretogoforvacation!Governmental/socialproblems-puredemocracy?Ha!Thatcanquicklydevelopintoautocracyoroligarchyifthereisnohigherordergovernmenttosquelchwould-beoligarchs.Witnesswhatofteninself-governingseniorcitizencommunities.OftenyougetsomeretiredformerVIP'swhoturndictatorial,scrutinizingeverypublicmoveoftheirtimidneighborsandinundatingthemwithrules,rules,rules!Smallishfootprint.Icouldliveinatincanforaconsiderabletime,butifyouareaskingaboutmywholefamilywewouldneedspacetomovearoundinanddothings.

Mywifemightnotwanttoaccompanyme.

Thattimewillmakelivingtherelessexciting

Howwouldthisspacehabitatpayforitself?Whatwouldtheeconomyofthehabitatbebasedon?

Theonly'jumpingoff'pointmentionedwasEarth.whatabouttheMoon,Mars,asteroids,et.cetera?

IsolationfromEarth,costofshippinggoodsandfood,costandlogisticaldifficultiesoftraveling/vacationingelsewhere.

Lackoftraveloutside.Beingdependentonalimitedsupplyofair,energy,water...theessentials.

Jobs?Services?

Confinement.Lackofamenities.Riskofenvironmentalcontainmentfailure.Easeofsabotage.Uncertaintyofformofgovernment.

Limitedlivingspaceandtraveloptions.Potentialforcatastrophicfailure.

Thelossofbeingconnectedwithfamilyandfriendsisadefiniteminus.Eventhoughinternetconnectionwouldbeapossibility,itwouldn'tbethesame.Idon'tthinkIwouldlastmorethanayearorlongerthanaproject.Iwouldseeasmallsettlementasthatasaplacefocusedonresearch,buildingcraftforexplorationorasastagingpointforsolarsystemtravel.ItwouldseemthatitwouldbeanidealplacetohaveGradstudentsbeassignedtoaspartoftheresearchorengineersectionsinconjunctionwithcompaniesinvolvedwiththebuildingofcraftorcompaniesdoingresearch.Theresearchwouldbeanadjuncttothetypesofthingsbeingdoneonthecurrentspacestation.TherewouldhavetobeamoduleattachedtotheKalpanathatwouldbeaweighlessenvironmentaswellasonetosimulatetheconfinesofaMarsvehicle.(akatheMartianorthoseinZubrinandBaker.)

I'm82yearsoldanddon'thaveenoughliffelet

Theamountofmoneyitwouldtaketovisitearth.

Lossofatmosphere.

Cost.

None

None

55

Cabinfever.

it'slimited.it'sdesignedforhomebodies.goodforretiries

Rotationrateof4.03rpmfor1gistwicethethresholdor2rpmbeyondwhichtoavoidCoriolisforceeffectsontheinnerearcauseproblemswhenmovingaround.

LowEarthorbitisnotfarenoughfromearth.TheMoonoraLagrangePointwouldbebetter.

AtthebeginningImightfeelabitconstrainedifithappenstobetoosmall.

Notbeingabletovisitmyfamily.

Theexpenseanddiscomfortofgettingthere.

Separationfromkidsandgrandkids,potentiallackofmedicalhelp.

Expenseoftravelingto/fromEarth

IpersonallydonotseeanyunattractiveaspectstolivingatKalpanaTwo!Iwouldlovetoseeifitwerepossibleforopportunitiesforthedisabled.

wouldnotbeabletogobacktoEarth

radiation

Longdistancerunningisabigpartofmyexerciseandrelatedmentalhealth,soI'dwanttobeabletodothatanywhereIlivedpermanently.Idonotbelieveforaminutethatthefirstsuchcolonieswilllookanywherethatidealandwouldmissbeingabletosee'green'livingthingsallaroundmeonadailybasis.

Cutofffromextendedfamily,sportsactivities,theater,impactondevelopmentsinthecity,countryandworld

Jobchoice.

Thephysicalsizemaybeabitsmallfortheproposedpopulation.Forlongterm,livingquarterswouldhavetobeabitlargerthanthoseofaeconomycruiseshipcabin.

smallsize,inabilitytoeasilyjumpinthecarandgosomewhere.

Smallsizeduetorisksbeingmorelikelytohaveanimmediateimpact(fire,damagetopressurecontainment)

theexpenses

Expenseoftravelingbackandforthtoearth.

Notbeingabletohuntandfish,butviewingspacewithoutthisatmosphereinthewaywillcompensateforthat!

artificalgravity

Thetimeframethatitwilltaketomakeithappen.

Alwaysworriedaboutsafey

Iconsiderita"toosmall"insizeenvironmentforhaving1000residents.And,howmanyaregoingtobecontributingtomaintainingthislivingenvironment?Or,aretheregoingtobemanyofthesepeoplewhodon'tneedtowork?Maybetheyshouldallapplyforthe"livingenvironment"maintenancejobsfirstthenthosewhoqualifyandgethiredarethepeoplewhogettomovetoKalpanaTwo.TransportationwilllikelybeanissueforsometimetocomelimitingtripstoEarthandelsewhere.Wehavealottolearnaboutbuildingandmaintainingecosystemsandundoubtedlywill,makemistakesbeforewesucceedinbuildinginenoughresilienceintothesystemsthattheyarestableundervirtuallyallconditions.

56

Darkness.

Potentialseparationfromfamilyandrelatives,andasmallercommunitythanwhatisexperiencedincommunitiesonEarth.

ThedependanceonEarth

Hightravelcost

Restrictedmobility,littlevariationinlife,verylikelymajorcatastrophiceventswilloccur.

Size.Expense.

Limitedabilitytogobackandforthbetweenearth&colony

Thecost,thoughthismaybeabitofanunavoidableproblemrightnow.

NothavingallthepossibilitiesandwondersofEartheasilyaccessible.Oneisbasicallystucktherefortheduration,howeveritturnsout.

Nosky

gravityproblems?

Lessattractive...Ithinkthatthefactthatpeoplewillbethereallthetimeinonesameplace.Iwouldbeworryaboutgettingboredorfeelinguseless.thesomewhatdifficultyofvisitingearth,butbeingabletovisitearthatallisahugeplus.limitedmedicalhelp,therewasnotmuchmentionofmedicalfacilitiesandthatissomewhatconcerningbutI'massumingthat'sprobablybecauseofthelimitedspaceforthisarticle.

Explosivedecompression,radiation.

Spinningtomake"gravity".#DEW#ISS#FallingBodies#GravityTest#GravityRevolution

Thechanceofexcessiverestrictionofpersonalfreedom.

Costtobethere,inabilitytocurrentlytravelinatimelywaytoandfrom,wouldbeworriedaboutoverallsustainability.

LonglagtimesininformationfromEarth

Notsureyet.

Theproposedsizeoftheproject.Ithinkthehabitatshouldbelargersothatthecylinderdoesn'tappearsosharplycurvedandcanalsospinataslowerrateandstillproducea1gsimulatedgravity.

distancefromfamily

Smallsize,motionsickness?,potentiallylimitedresources,andinabilitytotravelbacktoEartheasily.

Beingunabletovisitfamilyonearth.ItwouldseemcostprohibitivetoreturnfromEarth.

howsmallitis(thesamepeopleeveryday)

Leavingalifebehind

Notbeginonearth,duhh...

Size

Highcost

57

Smallsize

Thesizeandpeoplearoundmeitdoesn'tfeellikeabalancedsociety.

Physicalisolationandspacesicknessevenwithgravity

Theisolationitcouldbring.

Cannottraveltoearthfrequently.

Limitedspaceandfreedom.

Istheworldending?

Rarelybeingvisitedbyfamilyandfriendswhoarenotspaceenthusiasts.

Hullbreechesandgovernmentinterference

Views.Adventure.Meaningfulwork

Thesameneverchangingsceneryandthefeelingsofpossiblybeingtrappedonstationindefinitelyinaclaustrophobickindofway.

Smallspace,theimpossibilityofgoingsomewheredistant.Theexpenses.

Trump-likeegotists

Ilikemeetingnewpeopleandwithoutsignificantotherworkchallenges,seeingthesame500facesmightgetold.

Don'tknow

Radiation

IwouldmissthewideopenspacesontheEarth'ssurfaceandalsothediverseterrestriallandscapes

Theartificialgravityandthefood

maybethefactoflivinginacomplexstructuresusceptibleofsuffersomefailingscanmakesomeoftheresidentsdifficulttolivewithduetostressparanoiaorfear

Fearoftechnologyfailing

Toofewpeople.

Totallivingareaisaboutthesameasthreeoftheworld'slargestcruiseshipslashedtogether.That'senough?

DependenceonEarth-launchedsupply.

technicalparts

Thepointofspaceexplorationisexploration.IwouldnotwanttoliveinthiscolonyifIcannotexploremyenvironment.

Lackingtheagencytoleavethespacecolonywithoutbeingdependentontransportationfromsomeoneelse.

Exclusivitycreatedbythehighcostofmovingthere.

Thedangersoflivinginspace;Radiation,orbitingdebris,CMEs.Asidefromdanger,thecostatover50xgreaterthananaveragevacationwoulddiscourageleisuretripsbacktoEarth.

farawayfromrealnature

58

Iwouldbeconcernedovercompositionofthecrew.

Thecostofvisitingearth

lifemightbecometoopredictable!Ifthecommunityofpeopleistoostable,nonewones,itcouldbestifling.

Iworryabout:a)ThepriceoftripstovisitfamilybackonEarthandb)whetherornottheirwillbeequalityforallresidentsonthissettlement.Ihopethatitwon'tbringthepoliticalandreligiousturmoilthatisfoundonEarthtoday.

Costoftravelingonvacation/accesstoextendedfamily.Enoughlifeboatsforeveryone?Tourists?

higherprobabilityofdeaththroughhabitat/ecosystemfailure,stagnationofexperiencesandstimuli,distancefromrelativesandfriends.

Ithinkthesystemcouldbeabusedastodecidewhogetstolivethereandwhodoesnt

Theriskofdisasters,likeitisnootherplacetogo...

Diversity

Highlydependentontechnology!

Maybei'llnotbeincontactwithrelatives.

Potentialhardradiationrisks.

Distancefromhelp

Livinginthespacehabitatwithstrangers

Primarily,thecostofmovingthereandthepotentialdangersoflivinginspace.

Potentialdeath.Limitsofdestinationsperhaps.

None

Distancefromfamilyisahugenegativefactor.Safetyofthecomplexisanotherhugedrawback.Acomplexlikethiswouldbeincrediblydifficulttobuild,tomaintain,andtofinance.

isolation,artificiality,possiblemalfunctions

DuetothesmallpopulationIrecommendthatthereshouldbemultipleKalpana2's,tohaveneighborswillhelpeasesomefeelingsofisolation,andpromoteanewspacebasedculture.Ihopethateventuallywecouldhavespace-city'sthatrangefrom5000/10000,andbeyond.Beingawayfromfamilyandfriendsonearth.FeelingscaredifsomethingwereevertohappentoKalpanaTwoandwearestuckinspace(althoughitwouldbeworthit).

Missingthecomfortsofthenaturalworld,liketheocean,animalsandlandscapes.

Politics

Thegravityistoohigh,Iwouldprefermoongravityorless.Andtheopenvolumeistoolarge.Asmallmeteorstrikeandwe'dalldie.SpacehabitatsshouldnottrytoreproduceEarth.

ContainedColonyMonitoryExclusiveness

Nothingreally.

Smallsize,floatinginspace,smallnumberofpeopleinsettlement,permanency/commitmentofsettlingthere,possibilityofcatastrophicdangerifsomethinggoeswrong-asinweallprobablydie.Maybeeffectsonhealthlikeradiation,etc.

59

Ipersonallycherishtheideaofjumpingintoanunknown.Thechallengeofhavingtofindsolutiontonew,first-timeproblemsisveryexcitingforme.Iabsolutelylovenewobstaclesandproblemstosolve,onesthatchallengemementally,physically,andemotionally.Iamaproblem-solver,avisionary,andadreamer,andIcanfindsolutionstoanyproblem.Sotherewouldbenothingaboutlivinginspacethatwoulddissuademeinanydirectionotherthanwantingtogoupandtokeepmovingforward.Limitedspaceandnumberofotherpeople.Yettheselimitationscanbeovercomewithadvancedentertainmentandcommunicationsystems.

Soexpensiveandlimitedoptionsforromance

Upkeepwork

everlastingdanger

Thefactthatitwilljustbeappallinglyrichyuppiesinchargeofeverything.IsawhowBioshockplayedout,Iimagineitwillenduplikethat.

Boredomorinsularpopulation.Alsoneedtimetomyselfandbeautifulgreenspace.

Threatofexplosivedecompression,radiationeffects,interferencefromgovernments/bigbusinesses.

Itsoundsalittlepopulationdense.Thesystemofgovernmentmaynotbethebest...someautonomybutnotnecessarilytotalnonrelianceunlessitwerebigenoughandselfsustaining

Dangers,noaccesstorealoutdoors.

ThepossibilityofmalfunctionsandsafetyissuesalongwithifI'dbecramped.Safetyistopthough,notmuchofatimewellspentifIdieimmediately.

Itsnotearth

Stuckonstation,lackofnaturalenvironment

Isolation,

Riskofdanger,accident.

Itwillbeavailableforthesuperrichorpeoplewithcertaincitizenships

ThecostoftraveluptoKalpanaTwo

Riskandexpense.

Risk,newtechalwayshasriskandbeingsoclosetovacuum

ThepossibilityofnothavingdiversebiozonessuchaswehaveonEarth.

Thepotentialisolationfromothercommunitiesonearth.

UntilthetravelbetweenEarthandKalpanaTwoismoreeconomicallyviable,thatistheleastattractive.Mainlybecauseitseemsworkwithincertaintechnologydevelopmentindustriesmightbelimited.Although,thatcanbesorted,ifcompaniesarewillingtohavetheiremployeesstationedatKalpanaTwo.

Danger,dependenceofearth'ssupport

Everythingthatinvolvesouterspace.

Cannotthinkofany.

Missingtheoceanbreeze.

60

Costandeconomywouldlikelybelimited,higherriskofenvironmentaldisaster

Nothing

Itwouldbasicallybethesameasbeingtrappedinajail

Itmaybebecramped

TooclosetoEarth

Extracostofashuttletosurfacewhenvacationing:)

difficulty/costtovisitearth

Thesmallsizeofthephysicalspace.

Nonecometomind

Wouldliketobefurtherfromearth.Costofthetrip.

TheexpenseifyoushouldwanttogobackandforthfromKalpanaIIandEarth.Whereisaspaceelevatorwhenyouneedone?

Iamgettingoninyears,andIamnotsureIcouldkeepupmyshareofthework.

Confinement

dificultytravellingandexploringothercultures

Unknownsfornow.Idonotknowwhattheywouldbebutwouldliketotryanyway.

Beingintegratedintothealreadyfailingeconomyofearth.wouldmuchratherbeselfsustaining,nofiatcurrencybackedbynothingandissuedwithattacheddebt.

Thesmallsizeisleastattractive.

Spacewalksoutsidethesettlement

Nothavinganyinputintowhomyfellowsettlerswillbe

Earthnormalgravity

WouldmisswalkinginthemountainsofEarth.

Verysmallsize.Muchtoosmall.Ithinkyoushouldfocusthefirstspacedevelopmentsonthesethings:1.Shorttermvacationing(5day-1monthtrips)2.Universityextensioncampuseswithzerogravitylabs,observationdecks,telescopesystems,etc.3.CorporateLeasingofsuperhighendofficespace/conferencecenters4.CorporateLeasingofzerogravitylaboratoryspacewithsimulatedgravitylivingquartersonthesamespaceshipWecandothisasahumanrace.

Toofarfrommyfamily.

Beingawayfromfamily

View,science,lifestyle

RoundtriptravelcoststotheEarthwouldbeataminimumof$2,500.AnannualvacationonEarthcouldeasilyrun$7,000to$10,0000basedonacoupleorfamilyoffour.Thesmall,possiblyclaustrophobicsize.Andthepotentialtofeellikeyou'relivinginsideofacontainer,whichmightleadtoanxietyordepression.Theenvironmentand"atmosphere"mustfeelasclosetoEarthaspossible,includingthebeautifulsunrises,sunsets,floraandfauna.The"sounds"ofnaturemaynotbepresent,whichisaserious

61

deterrenttolivinginthesettlement.

beingoutdoorsandthefearlifewouldbetooregulated

Worryaboutcrowdedness

IwouldbesignificantlymoreinterestedifIwasn'tmarried.Iamwillingtoliveinarelativelyriskyhabitatforthesakeoftheadventure,butIwouldbeveryconcernedabouttheriskstomywifeandchildren.NotbeingabletoaffordtoreturntoEarth.Thesmallspacesizeofthesettlements.Perhapsseveralsettlementscouldbelinkedtogether.*artificiallimitedecosystem,i.e.couldn'tgointowildernessorevenlargepark*notclearwhatIwoulddotherethatIcannotdohereonEarth*smallphysicalsize

Costofmovingbetweenthesurfaceandsettelment.

Muchmoreexpensiveandtimeconsumingwhentravelingoutsidethecommunity(e.g.vacationtoEarth).

TherewillnodoubtbealimitationontheutilizationofresourcesthatIfinddesirableintermsofsustainabilitybutwhichwouldprobablyrestrictmymeatintakeandoverallcalorieintake.

potentialisolationfromcurrentfamilyandfriendsduetodifficultyandexpenseofreturningtoearthforvisits

Costtovisitearth.

none

KalpanaTwoisdesignedtoorbitabout500kilometers(310miles)abovetheEarth’sequator,KalpanaTwowillhaveEarth-normalartificialgravityontheinsideofthehullandzero-gravityinthemiddle,whereyoucanliterallyfly.Spacewalksoutsidethesettlementmayalsobepopular.

beingoffEarthformorethanafewdays

Theinabilityto"getaway".Vacationswouldbedifficult,sovirtualrealityvacationswouldberatherimportant.Lastly,whateverunintendedconsequencesmayarise.

ThelocationinlowEarthorbit

Isolation,especiallyaproblemwhenraisingchildren.Whentheygrowup,theyshouldgetaguaranteedafreeridetoandfromEarth.Otherwise,theycouldhateyouforisolatingthem.TheincreasedriskofK2beingoneoftheearlygenerationspacesettlementsi.e.probablymoreproblemstodealwith(butgreatlearningexperienceforhumanity).

Certainresourcelimitations.

thecost

maintainingorcopyingterrestrialsurfaceconditions(parks,etc.)

Iwouldmisstheweatheronthesurfaceofearth,thefreedomofmovement,andcontactwithfriendsandacquaintances.Iwouldbeconcernedaboutbecominghomesickforearth,andvolunteersshouldconsiderallaspectsandchallengesofthisopportunity.Ofthosethatchoosetolivepermanently,whataboutchildrenbornthere?Howwouldthepopulationbekepttosupportablelevels?Howwouldtheissueofspacedebrisbeaddressedbyengineering?ThecostofsupportingK2wouldbeveryhigh,likelyhigherthananyrevenueproducedbythecolony.Wouldithavetobesubsidizedorwoulditbeselfsufficient?

closeliving

Taxes

62

I'dratherbeonanotherplanet.

Comeonifyouarelivinginspaceitshouldbeconsideredanhonourtobethereaprivilege&withthatyoubecomepartofagreatcommunity.Beingstuckthere.Lackoffreedom.Fearoffallingoutwithpeopleandoffactionsdeveloping.Lackofrealfreshairandweather.

travelbackandforthfromEarthtovisitrelatives,potentialjobopportunitiesinnewsettlement

It'sabitsmall.Costprohibitivetravel.

possiblyitbeinhardorexpensivetovisitthefamily

Itssmallsize.

Overcrouding

Thedangerouslylowaltitudethatthisprojectproposestoorbitin.Atmosphericdragisstillsomewhatsignificantat310miles,andthecolonywillalsoinherentlybeaverylow-densityobject.Reboostingwithsomesortofpropulsionblockwillprobablybenecessaryeveryfewmonths,possiblymorefrequently(Asacomparison,theISS,whichorbitsbetweena270miby215mizone,mustperformaboostmaneuverevery6to8weekstokeeptheperigeeabovethat215mithreshold.).Iwouldsuggeststartingconstructionuparoundthe800milealtitudezone.SatellitesthatareparkedroughlyinthisregionfromtheearlyColdWareraarestilluptheretoday,anditisstilllowenoughthatEarth'sbestreusablelaunchvehiclescanstillgetsignificanttonnagetotheconstructionsite.

Thatmoreofthesesettlementsarenotbeingestablished;Privacy;andownershiprights.

Gettingthereandback,notahugefanofflying,moresothefactthatifsomethinggoeswrongit'snoteasytogetback!

Alltheshittythingsaboutlivingonearthwithnoneofthebenefits

I'mnotsureifmydogqualifiesasachild,andIhonestlycan'tthinkofanymore.

Thepossibilitythatwereplicatethemistakesofpreviousfrontiers.Thatequityissuesareanafterthought

Firstofallweshouldmakesmallcoloniesotherthanalargecityonthemoon.Sothatsomehumancanliveonthemoonforsomedecades.Thiswillhelpusincollectingthenecessarydatarequiredforlunarlife.Sotheconclusionisthatweshouldsendateamofprofessionalresearchers,engineersandscientistsonmoonforsomedecadestogathernecessaryinformation.

Thepossibilityofbeingawayfromfamilyforextendedperiodsoftime

ItcostinganarmandalegeverytimeIfeellikevisitingsomewhereEarthside

possible/potentialcorporatesponsership

None

Danger

Safety

LimitationontraveltoEarthtovisitrelativesandfriends.

notbeingabletogetotherpeopletoexperiencewhatyouexperience.also,theleastattractiveotherthingwouldbbeingdependentonearthforanythingbesidespeople.

smallsizeperhapsnotbeautifulenoughpeopleandnotgoosenoughfoodandliving

Dangerofdeathfromthestationsfailure.

63

Thepricewouldprobablybeoutofmybudget.Iamjustaregularhourlypaidcomputertechworkingat6publicelementaryschools.

Limitedresourcesandaccesstoresources

Дороговизна.

Wellthereshouldn'tbetwomanypeoplethisplaceneedstobeindependentsoitwouldneedtogrowitsownfoodsoexcessivewastingliketoday'sworldwithitshighpopulationwouldleadtoashortageinfoodsohavinguptoa1000peopleto500isenoughIthink

limitedpopulationsize,difficultyofvisitingearth

expenseinvolvedingettingto/fromtheEarth.(perhapsaspaceelevatorwouldhelpreducethatcost!:))

Thepossibilityofneverseeingfamilyandfriendsagain;thepossibilitythat,sinceit'sanartificialhabitat,thingscouldgodrasticallywrong.

Notseeingadownsideatthispoint.

Addingbarrierstohavingfriendsandlovedonesvisitmeandmyfamily.Itmayalsobedifficulttogiveupsomefreedoms;Iimaginetherewouldnotbeanoptionforhavingabonfireatthebeach.

Costofconsumables.

effectsoflowgravitymakingreturntriptoearthdifficult

Itwillbequiteexpensive,perhapshundredsofthousandsofdollars.

Perhapsthesmallspace,butIalsoseethisasapositive,sinceitallowsonetogettoknowtheircommunitymembersmoreeasily.

expensive

Theexpensivepricetotravelbackandforthtoearth

Neverbeingabletoseemyfamily

There'sadownside?

Theradiation.Unlessyouhavesomeremarkablehullthicknesses.

I'mguessingyou'dgethomesicksometimes

TherearemanywonderfulpeopleandplacesonEarththatIwouldforeverabandon.

Ifsomethinggoeswrong,wheredoyougo?Violence,disease,andmalfunctionwouldbeongoingconcerns.Beingunabletotravelmuchwouldbeunappealing.Hiking,camping,boating...Thereareanumberofexperiencesthatwouldbemissed.

Couldgetboring.Needmoreinfoonworkhoursandtypeofsalarythere.

Sizeofthecylinder

Probablytheworstaspectwouldbethepossiblehighcostoflivingorofimportingthingsthatcouldn'tbemade.

Thepoliticsinvolvedinpeopleinhabitingspace.

Frankly,I'dlikemoreofanO'NeillIslandOneapproach,oraBernalsphere.Butonehastostartsomeplace.Also,thecostoftransportationtoandfromislikelytobesomethingofastumblingblock,andI'dwanttoknowaboutstormsheltersandemergencyevacuationcontingencies.

Cost

64

Difficultyoftravelingtoandfrom.IwillhavetofinishallmytravelsbeforeImovein,butthatisfine.Therecomesinaquestionofmodernizingandexpandingthesettlement.Ihaveotherquestionsthatwouldhavetobeaddressed.

Nonereally.

Only110meters?

possibleovercrowding

Itseemssmall.Idobelievelargerwouldbemorecomfortable,evenifthesmallsizewastechnically"adequate".

1.Riskofdamageandhullbreechesduetospacedebries.2.RiskofSolarflaresandgammaraybursts.3.ThefactthatthedesignisasinglecylinderinsteadofaseriesinterconnectedcylindersformingaseriesofringsthatorbitaroundtheEarth'sequator.SimilartotheringsofSaturn.

expensive

Expensivetotravelto/fromEarth;inherentriskoftravelto/fromEarthduetorequireddelta-V(i.e.,vs.drivingacarortakingaflight);limitedgeographicsize/diversity;notsurewhatwouldbethepointtosettleinEarth'sorbitvs.deepspace-unlessitwaslikearesortvs."permanent"residence;wouldbeseparatedfromfamily/friends;potentialtofosterelitistand/orconformistsocieties(lackofdiversity)similartosomehomeowners'associationsorcovenantcommunitieshereonEarth,butworse

Potentialrelianceonearthsupplies.

Physicalspace,smallnumberofpeople,lesschoiceinfoodstuffs,recreation.

Murphy'slaw.

Friendsandfamilybackomearth

Smallpopulation

Awayfromfriendsandfamilyonearth,radiationdanger,beingsuckedoutintospaceifabreachwheretooccur

People

Islandlivingorshiplivingcanbecomeboring.Needtobetogooffsite.

Iwouldbefarmoreinterestedinanindependentcolony,ininterplanetaryspaceinsteadofLEO.

Cost

Probablyitwillbedifficulttolivethereifthepeopledon'tembracetheconceptofdiversityandtheydon'tlearntorespectothersprivacymorethanithappensonEarth.

Theprice

Settler'slackofcontrolovertheirpersonalenvironmentandKalpanaasawhole.SettlersofnewplacesonEarthbuilttheirenvironmentastheysawfitandalwayshadtheoptiontoexpandorcustomize.

Cost

ThecostoftransferbetweenEarthandKalpanaTwo.

Priceandhowmuchitistogettoearth

TheveryhighcostoftransportationtoandfromEarth,applicablenotonlytopeople,buttoanything,includingcuttingedgetechnology.Limitedlifestylechoicesandsmallpopulationtointeractwith.ItsoundsfunforayearbutIdon'twanttospendmyentirelifekeepingashiprunning.

65

discouragingaspectsaccordingtomewouldbethecostoflivingthere.Notallwouldbeabletoaffordsuchalifestyle.

Constantsenseofvulnerability.Crowdedconditions.

Themoney.

None

Highcost.

Itwouldtakemeawayfromfamily

Separationfromfriendsandfamilyforlongperiods.

Therepetitivesceneryisone.Also,theabilitytoseetheentire'world'aroundyou(sinceitisacylinder)givesthesenseofconfinementnomatterhowbigtheO'Neilcylinderis.Thereisalsothedangerofanepidemicoccurringon-boardthespaceship.

Howexpensiveitwillbetogettolivethere..

Riskofgettingtoandfromthesettlement.

COST

Druggies,gangs,leftwingelitistsflyingSpacedebriswipingusout.

Riskofradiation,longtermsaffectsoflivinginlowEarthorbit,hullpunchersduetoorbitaljunk.

Nothing

Potentialboredominthelongrun

specialexperienceinspacelivingafterretirement.

Cantthinkofanythingdifferentfromwhatisleastattractivelivingonplanet.

Thenecessarylimitsoflivinginartificialstructurelikenodigging,whichIaccept.

Costmightbeabitdifficult.Aswellas,withsuchasmallnumberofroomsopen,itwouldbehardtogetaspot.

gotastronautchance

SimilaritytoEarthenvironment

LivinginPleasantville.Also,notbeingabletoreturn,especiallywhenI'mfairlysureIknowhowwecoulddesignabettervehiclecapableofthis...althoughI'mnoexpertinsuchthings.

Crampedspace,enclosedliving,absenceofeveningbreeze.

Windonmyface.

Design

Veryexpensivecommodities,accesstoquarternaryhealthcare.

Security

Therearenodeflectorsandshieldsyet

I'dbeabletoseetheothersideofthesettlement,orseewhat'shappening'above'me.Ithinkthereshouldbesomekindofceilingtostoppeoplefromseeingeverything.Itmakesitappearrathersmall.Whereasaceilingorwhatever

66

youwanttocallit,wouldpreventthatfromhappeningIthink.

Thatitmayendupbeingfortheeliteonly(howevertheywillnotbetheonesrunningtheshowandkeepingthelightson)

Governanceandmanagementofasmallpopulation

Theotherpeople.

ItisseeingmylandcurlupandbendovermeandwhenIlookup,Idon'tseeskiesbutallIseearebuildings,peopleandland.Itissounearthly.ItslikeIwouldknowthatIamconfinedtoliveinacylinder.

Thecost--Idon'tknowifI'llbeabletoaffordit.

awayfromfamily

Costofflyingbacktoearth.Butifwecangotothemoonandbeyondcheaper,thatwilleasilydropthisfault.

I'm75;myhusbandismuchyounger..Mychildren&grandchildrenareonEarth,couldnotaffordtocome,andprobablydon'twantto.That'swhythe1-yearvisit:Iliketohugthem.Also,Ihavemanymedicalproblems.I'dwanttoknowthere'sgoodmedicalcareavailable.Dependingontheavailablespacelaunchtechnology,Imightnotbephysicallyabletomakethetrip.Thatonlytherichcanlivethereandyouleavepeoplebehindlikeitisagatedcommunitysoitsplitshumanraceinhalf.Muchlikethatmovie.Leavethepollutionthattherichhelpedcreatebehindsotheycanlivewithoutitinanenviromentthatiscontrolled.NOTGOOD.

canseetheearth

Missingfriendsandfamily.Nevervisitingplacesonearthagain.

Possibilityofdisaster.

Likeanydevelopmentithastostaynice.

Traveltoandfromearth

Risksoflivinginspace,exposuretoasteroidstrikesandsolarflares.

CostoftraveltoandfromtheEarth'ssurface

Howdifficultitmightbeforotherstovisit,howwewillbephysicallydisconnectedfromtherestoftheworld,riskoffailureinorbit,withnohelp,howexpensiveitwillbe.IampredictingthatbythetimeKalpanaTwoisoperational,humanswouldhavemademultipletripstoMars,revisitedtheMoon,captureasteroids,masterreusablechemicalrocketsandhavemajorbreakthroughsingroundtoorbitpropulsionandin-spacepropulsion,meaningspacetechnologyandtechnologyasawholewouldhavegreatlyincreaseditspotential.

Food,Sustainability

Radiationexposure,that'saboutit.

Thecostoftravelfromittoelsewhereandback.

Danger

Apossiblesenseofclaustrophobia

Noapartmentforprivacyandnosport,hobby,etctohavefuninspace.

Whataboutasteroidsandsolarradiation?Onlytheveryrich(0.05%)ofpopulation(orless)couldaffordit.Whatisthegovernmentsystem?Isitindependentofearth'snations?

67

Nothavingallmyfamilywithme.ReducedpossibilityoftraveltootherpartsofEarth.

Possiblybeingawayfromfamilyorfriendsforalongtime,butfriendsaremadeandfamilycanalwaysbekeptintouch,sonothingmuchreally.

Cabinfever.

Ifsomethinggoeswrongwealldie.

none!

Beingfarfromextendedfamily.

ThecostanddifficultyofgettingtoandfromKalpanawouldmakeitdifficult-it'smuchmoreviableifpeoplearen'tmakingaonceinadecadejourney

TosmallofaHabitat,anexpandedversionwouldincreasethedesirabilitytolivethereforextendedperiodsoftime.

GravitythroughrotationandpotentialCorioliseffectsickness.

CostofvisitingEarth.ItwouldbenicetostillhavetheabilitytovacationonEarth,ifsodesired,orvisitEarthforbusinessmeetings,etc..

IwouldworryaboutthesustainabilityawayfromEarthifweweretolosecontactorshippingability.

Youreallycan'tgo"home"again.

Lackofdiscernablewildlifeandpets(itispossiblegivenenoughroomonthestationtomakeawildlifesanctuaryorpark,andIcan'timaginelifewithoutmypetsinanycase).IthinkthatIwouldhavetogetusetotheideaofbeingawayfrommostofmyfamily,butIliveawayfromthemnowexceptformyin-laws.ThemIwouldn'tmindlivingfurtherawayfrom.

Oxygenstarvationduringemergency,spaceshrapnel.

ThefactthatIamalready65andwilllikelymissthisopportunity

Security,containementandboredom

Difficulttovisitfriendsandfamily.

Spacedebrisissues.Solarradiation.

Idonotimagineanythingbotheringme.

ExpenseoftravelbacktoEarth

Possibleradiationdamage

nothing

Nocannabis

Cost

Nothing.

TheamountofmoneyitwouldtaketotraveltoKalpana

Justbeingawayfromhomeandthewaytheenvironmentmightwork,IwouldliketolivesomewherethatcouldatleastremindofEarth.Acheapknockoffwillnotdo.

Theenclosedspaceandnotbeingina"natural"environment.

68

Possibledangers(hullbreachetc)

Iwouldmisssomeofthecomfortsofearth,likethevarietiesoffoodsandexperiencingthemountains.Ifpetsarenotallowed,Iwouldhaveahardtimelivingwithoutmydog.Potentiallackofvariety,discovery,exploration.Wouldhavetoensuretherewasabundantopportunitytofulfillpurpose.

None

It'salmostTOOnormal.Iamhavingalotofdifficultyimagininghowitssustainable,also...becauseitseemslikeitwouldcostalotofmoneytolivethereandyou'dhavetodoalotofworkwhilelivingthere...andthetwowouldnotevenout.Wherewouldtheincomebe?Wouldanyonewanttopayhundredsofthousandsofdollarstogetuptheretoliveandthenhaveajobas,say,awastedisposaltechnician?

Howexpensiveitistogotoearthandback.

LeavingwhatIknowonEarth.Somanyriskstolivinginspace.

Ilikeotherengineeringschemesbetterthanspinningcylinders;also,orbitaroundTerraisnotfarenoughtoescapeitspoliticaldisasters,orevensomephysicaldisasters;weneedalternateinsuranceforcontinuityofthehumanspecies.Idon'tknow.Dangerslikecosmicradiationmightconcernme.Medicalcare,ordangerousaccidents.Unforeseencomplicationswithrunningthecity,maintenance,orevenproblemswithenergyorcommunicationforinstance.Whataboutcrime?Backupsystemsorsecurity?Spaceisariskybusiness,butthenagain,soisbeinghere.IguesstherenoguaranteesbutI'dliketoknowthecityisntgoingtocrashtotheearthwitheveryoneinit.I'dhavetobeassuredthatthesethingsareaccountedforandengineeredwellbypeoplewhoknowwhatthey'redoingandnotjustaftermymoney.

Riskofnorovirus

Therecreationofan"Earth-like"environmentinanorbitalcolonyisabelovedconceptandisentirelyimpractical.Itisawasteofspaceandresources.Itwouldmakethecolonymuchmoredifficulttomaintainasitwouldinvolvetheweathercreatedinthelargevolumeofemptyspace.Itisalsobasedontheassumptionthathumanneed"views".Thefacthumanshaslongliveinenvironmentsnothingofthesortwithlittleornonegativeeffects.ThevestibularandCoriolis-inducedeffects-thehabitatistoosmall;togetonegeethespinratewouldbeabsurd.Suggestyouconsiderspinningahabonacablewithacounterweight;youmightbeabletogetthespinratedowntosomethingnotsocrazymaking.Thepotentialdangeriswaytoohighforatleastahundredyears:wehaven'testablishedahabitatthissizeunderwater.

Probablywhenthetoiletsystembreaks

There'safinancialrisk.Unlikepropertyonland,thespacestationprobablywon'tlastforever,soit'snottraditionalrealestate.Alsoobviouslythere'sasafetyrisk.

Can'tthinkofany.Ifallthetechnicalissuesaresolvedorsolvable.

Toosmallitneedstobe220+metresinRadiustoapproximateEarth1G.Anylessandspacemotionsicknesswillcomplicatelivingthere.IwouldgivemyselfayearbutiwouldleavesoonerifIcan'tgetoverthemotionsickness.

Ican'tthinkofany.

Costofliving

Realisticallyprobablytheexpense

At110metersindiameter,inordertogenerateEarthnormalgravity,itwouldneedtospinatabitmorethan4rpm.ExperimentsconductedbyAshtonGraybielin1977suggestthatatsucharate,symptomsofmotionsicknesscouldbeaproblem.(Notfatal,butannoying.)Toactuallyinsurethatalloccupantswouldbesymptomfreeandproducea1Genvironment,Iexpectyouwouldneedtobeaboutfourtimesthesizecurrentlyproposed.

69

Theexpenseandthelikelylevelofpoliticalandideologicalnut-jobbery.

IsolationdistancetoEarthNoplansformajorEvacIFwarrantedofpopulaceIEasteroidenroutetostation??MedEvacshuttlestoMoonorEarth?Backupplans,partsStrikeonEarthdeterspartstoIslandsiteeffectIslandlife.Earthpoliticsimpactinglaunches?NuclearwaronEarth&noHometogotoIFEvacstation.Impactontheeyesfromunfilteredbrightsunlight,priorcommitmenttostayingtherewithoutanout,missingaspectsofearthexperiencethatcannotbereplicated,riskstophysicalormentalhealth.

Iafraidiwouldfeelclaustrophobicbytime,thepeopleilovecouldprobablynotallcomewithme

None

Collectivecontrol.

Fewgoodwalks,potentiallyhavingtotelecommute.Asaphysicsperson,thisbasicallymeanshavingtodesignwebsites...notattractive.

NoneIamawareof.

cost

Smallnumberofpeopletointeractwith(I'masingleguywhowouldliketomeetagoodwomantolivewith).

Costandsmallcoummunity-whatwouldbestaff/crewtoresidence/guests-emergencyproceduresandliferaftactions/capacity-don'twantaTitanicevent

Theveryrealpossibilityofcatastrophe,andlivinginanoticeablyfinitespace.

Theisolation/risk.NotasmuchvarietyasEarth..

Beinginthesameplacewouldgetrepetitive.ItwouldremindmeofbeingaboardaNavyshipwithoutevertouchingaport.

Possibilityofcrowdingortooauthoritarian.

farfromhome-asinfamily..

ifthesettlementbreaksdownandpeoplediewithoutanychancetogetbacktoEarth

It'sclosed.

small

Theisolation.

NotwalkingthewildspacesofEarthanylonger

Thedistanceandcostoftravelling

Egosofinhabitants,peoplethinkingaboutthemselvesaboveallelse.Traveltoandfromsettlement.WatchingtheEarthflybyathighspeedmaytakesomegettingusedtoandmakemefeeluneasy.

BEINGINSPACE!!!

Risk,cost

LessDiversityofthings

Separationfromfamilymembers.

Theunknownisalwaysscary.Itsnotattractivetonotknowwhatyouwouldbegettinginto.Therearesomanyoutcomesthatcanresultfromthecreationandoperationofspacesettlement,whethertheyarepositiveor

70

negativeeffects.

Thecost.

Liketoexplore,sowouldpreferaplanet-basedsettlementsuchastheMoonorMars,wherethereisroomandmysteriestoexplore.Confinementtojustasinglehabitatmighteventuallyreducetheelbowroom,thoughitisaverygoodstart.Ifitbecomesaportonthewaytoadventure,thenIamgame.Theimagesdonotdepictthepopulationdensity:noindicationofhousingfor500to1,000people,letalonetheindustryandagriculturenecessarytokeepiteconomicallyandecologicallyviable.Tolivetherestofmylifethere,Iwouldwanttohavemorethantheareaofasmallcollegecampustomovearoundin.Iwouldmisslakes,rivers,andtrulynaturalareas.Staticimagesalsocannotdepicttheweirdeffectsofartificialgravity.Whatarewegoingtobedoingupthere?Willtherotationmakemesickorcausevertigo?Ialsodon'twantittobelikeVirginGalacticwhereIhavetoforkoversignificantmoneyintheneartermandthenwaityearsandyearsforittoactuallyhappen.IthinkIwouldonlybuyaspotonKalpanaOneifitwaseitheralreadyupthereorabouttogoup.Ialsodon'tthinkthatlaunchvehiclesaresafeenoughyetformetotrustridingonetothesettlement.Thefactthatonlyafewthousandsofpeoplewillleavethereisleastattractive.Onewouldneverlovetospendtherestofhislifeinasmallclosedplacewithsolesspeople.

Probablytheprice,whichcanbeveryexpansive.

concernoversafety,expenseoftravelingtoplacesonEarth(includingphysicalpresenceatspaceconferences&workshops)

leavingourearth

Worriesoversystemfailuresandcomplicationsthatcanbeverydangerous.

Distancetovisitearthboundrelatives...determinationofcontrolformyexistence(WhatdoIdoduringtheday?)

Itisunclearifthefullsocial,culturalandentertainmentrequisiteshavebeenconsidered,andtheseitemswouldbeimportanttome.Cost,thoughifIwasthereasanemployeethatwouldradicallychangetheequation.I'dalsohaveaconcernaboutaccesstoemergencyservices.I'macryonicist,andIthinkthattherewouldbesignificantlogisticalchallengeswithrespecttotimelycryopreservation.EverythingshownsofarisabigplusinmyopinionandI'mhonestlystrugglingtofindtwothingsthatIdislikethoughtheLEASTattractivethingswouldhavetobepossiblygettingboredeventually,thoughthisiscompensatedbyhavinginternetandacontrollablelifestyleandthepricewhileanythingexpensivebeingreasonable,isstillsomethingthatwillmakepeopleshaketheirheadandturntheotherway.

Feelingisolated

Radiation,fearofspacedebris,distancefromrelatives,notbeingabletobeoutside

Limitationsofsupplies.(Sometimessupplyshipsexplodeorfailtolaunchontime.)

Leavingmycurrentfamilybehind.

Theideasoundsimpressivebut,canitbebuilttoday?Withourtechnology?Itseemslikethiswillhaveanextremelyhighcostandwilltakelongtobuild(longerthanitnormallywould)becausesomenewtechnologymustbedevelopedorevencreated.

Restrictionoftraveling.Notbeingabletofreelygotoplacesonearth

Necessarilylimitedextentoflivingarea.Also,noocean.:(

Nomotorcycles

Itwouldprobablytakesomegettinguseto,thefactthegroundisnotflat.ItissomethingIcouldgetusedto.Also

71

recycledair,Ihopeitwontbehorriblelikeonabudgetjumbojet,sortofstale.

It.stoosmall.

Thatit'ssoclosetoEarthitbarelyqualifiesasbeinginspace.Iwouldmuchratherliveonanotherplanetentirely(likeMars).AnorbitalstationwouldalwaysneedtobesuppliedfromEarthbutacolonyonsomesuitableplanetcouldbeselfsustainingeventually(probablynotinmylife-time,butatleastitwouldbeastepintherightdirection).Infact,Iwouldenduremuchharsherconditionsandmakeaone-waytriptoliveonMars.

NA

CostoftravelbetweenKTandEarth

Thepossibilityforelitismisveryhigh.

n/a

Possibleisolationandlackofintellectualandphysicalactivity.

Toosmall

ThelocationinLEOdoesn'tseemquitethought-out.Thequickdescriptiondoesn'tmentiontheworkthatinhabitantswillbedoingtomaketheprettyimagesactuallybesomethingthatwillgetrequiredfunding.ThisisthedifferencebetweenthemovieElysium-aplacewhererichfolksgotodonothing-andTheHighFrontierConcept-whererealpeoplegotoworkonthingsthattheyfeelwillmakeadifferenceforallofhumanity,oratleastpaywellalongwithbeing"neat."ButIrealizethatgettingintorequiredrealitiesofengineeringandphysicsandplumbingandeconomicsisnotshownonthissinglepage.Safetyismyabsolutefirstconcern.Radiation,solarevents,spacedebrisandinfrastructuralfailures,areallpotentiallycatastrophicdangers.Thereislikelytobeastrugglebetweenmaintainingsafetyandsecurity,whilenotinfringingontherightsofresidentsthatalsoisveryconcerning.Andlastly,Idonotbelieveinternationallawandpoliciesadequatelysecuretherightsofit'sresidentsandprovidecompletelegitimacyandlegalrecognitionforsuchastation.

Costsandinabilitytoseefamily&friendsinperson.

Idon'tseeone.

Iwonderaboutthelong-termstabilityofthatorbit.

secondaryradiationfromgammaraysonmetalsoutdooractivities

none

Changingdegreesofweightlessness.

INGAJARAJ-ODISA:NASA2009(TopAward)wetoohavespokenaboutanddepictedacylinderasthelivingspaceandthestock&store.

thephysicalsize

Longdelaysinimportingnon-digitalobjects.

GettinghomesickbeingawayfrommyfamilyandtheplacewhereImadeallmymemories.

FanaticsofanystripegainingcontrolofKalpanaTwo.

havinglotoftrafficandsufferingpeople

1.Money2.Weather

72

Theimminentdanger.

Thereisnothingthatisunattractiveaboutit.

Unlesstherearequiteafewofthem,andtheyareeasytovisit,thenit'sjusttoosmallformetolivetheretherestofmylife.Biospheresarebig.BackwhenIwasyoung,Iknewalmostnothingaboutbiologicalecologiesandindustrialinfrastructure,andassumedwecouldcurloffabiroftheearth'sbiologicallyactivesurface,wrapitinacontainermadeofspacematerials,andliveindependentlyinspace.I'velearnedalotmoreaboutnatureandbiologysincethen,mostimportantlyaboutthefragilityanddomainspecificityofthehumanbrain.We-thatistosay"ourminds"-willadaptourselvestospace.Firstthroughpredictive-adaptivetelepresence,thenthroughdirectbraininterfacetomuchlargerinterplanetarycomputernetworks.Butslowlyrottingmeatisnoenduringhomeforsemi-immortalintelligence.Aself-sustainingindustrialeconomyislargerthantheearthitself.Indeed,theentireEarthisnotbigenoughtosustainourcurrentindustrialeconomy,oranactivespaceprogram,formanymillenia,soweMUSTextendourmachinesandminds(thoughnotourbodies)intospaceforlongtermsurvival.Whenwehavetheindustrialcapabilitytocreateaplanetary-scaleecosystem,thenwecanconstructindependentandself-sustaininghomesforhuman1.0bodies.Longbeforethen,human2.0(probablynon-biological)willfillthisandotherstarsystemswithminds.Human1.0willbeanoptionalexperience,anexpensiveluxury.Iwishitwaseasytodosmallindependentecologiesandeconomies-butitisnot.EvenawholecountrylikeNorthKoreafailstosupportitselfeconomically,muchlessbiologically.IonlyneedtolookaroundtheroomIamsittingintorealizethatIamconnectedtoaneconomicmeshencirclingtheEarth,andlookinmytrashcantorealizethatmostcriticalresourcesmakeaonewaytripfromwater-chemistry-and-plate-tectonicsorebodiestolandfillsandtheoceanfloor.Iamconfidentthatwewillsomedaylearnhowtoconstructsubstratesforintelligenceusingthelimitedpaletteofelementsandcompoundswewillfindoff-earth,buttherearenotenoughoftherightmaterialsouttheretocreatesurvivable,independentenvironmentsforhuman1.0andthevastweboflifeformsthatsupportsuchfragilebiologicalentities.Ourmachinesarenodifferent-theredphosphorsofthisscreenuseeuropium,arareearthmineralfoundinkarstorebodies,formed(likesomanyotherorebodies)bygigayearsofhydrothermalchemistry.Willwefindsubstitutesforeuropium?Eventually-nanostructuredmaterialswiththesamebandgapandopticalnaturemayresultfromatomic-precisionmaterialassemblyandvastmaterialcomputation.Thesametechnologiesthatwewillusetorescueourmindsfromcentury-durationnon-repairablebiobrains.Someday,IhopetovisitthesurfaceofMars.Butthatwillbeinaveryaccuratecomputersimulation,eitherofMarshereorofmethere.Acenturyofuninformedsciencefictiontothecontrary,mymeatandthejourneytothatplanetareincompatible,biologically,technologically,andeconomically.BTW,readDavidMindell's"OurRobots,Ourselves"for/great/descriptionsofhuman-machinecollaborations.

Beingconfinedtoasmallerspacethanearth,lessenvironmentaldiversity

Lengthofsupplychains(costofgettingthingstoKalpana)

Radiation,destructionofthewholeconstructionduetoospacedebris.

Closedenvironment

Thehighcost.

isolated

Foratleastthenextfourcenturies,anyspacecolonywouldhavetohaveananaloguehereonEarthtosustainit.Youdidn'tmentionthat.nohorizon,butIcouldalwaysvisittheMoon.livinginKalpanawouldbelikelivinginthecityandgettingoutinthemountainswhenonvacationwhichissortofthewayIlivenowKalpanaTwoisjustasmallscalesystemcomparedtowhatwedoknowwecouldbuild.That'sabitdissapointingsomehow.Seeminglynoindustrialfacilities,thusthestationcannotexpanditself/buildfollow-up-stations.Alsoabitdissapointing.

73

Likelyexpenseinvolved.Notbeingabletovisiteasily.

Costofshipping>:

HAvingaspaceboundarybutofcoursewecantwalkthroughspacesoidontconsiderKalpanaTwotofeaturelessatractivethings.

Theadaptationtothenewenvironment.

1.Theopenairfeelthatbarelycoversthefearthatdr.GerardK.O'Neill'sgradstudentswerewrongintheircalculations.Thiscylinderlooksmuchlikehisvision.2.Mylackofknowledgeofthemeanstoacceleratethecylinderinorbit.Isuggestanaxis(anextensionofthestraightlineradialfromearth's"center").Grabtheaxleandpushperpendicularlytoradial.3.HowisO2,N2,CO2achieved.

BeingStranded

Scarcepossibilitytotraveloutside

Safety.Largecostofspecificproduct/materialwhenbroughtfromEarth.Cutting(physical)interactionwitholdfriends.

Danger,riskofdeath,incrediblefinancialcostthatIsuspectwouldberequired.

Theknowledgethatsomepeoplewillcometopowerandturnevil.

Itprobablywon'tbearealityuntilafterIamgone.

Tobefarfromhome

theprice

Notbeingonearth.Youarejustinacylinderfloatingaroundtheplanet.

Travelcapabilitiestotherestoftheworld;radiationlevels(eveniflimited);closedboundaries(forincomingpeople)

Fearofmeteoritespuncturingtheouterhull.

Cost

Smallandconfined.Wouldmissnature.DifficultytotravelbackandforthbetweenitandEarthtoseefamily.

ClearviewofthecurvedspacesRestrictedExplorableAreaContinuousReminderof"AwayfromEarth"

confinedspace

uh?

Internetconnectionlag

Thesterileaspects-perfectlymanicuredgardens,lawns-likeanorbitingsuburbia.

Nocomment!

Thepopulationaroundme.IsuspectIwouldhavedifferingviewpointfrommostofthepeople.Cost.Isolationfromfamily.

Healthconsiderations

Thesmallsize.Ido,however,understandthatasmallsettlementisnessicarytobeginwith.

Unabletoleave,ifthecommunitydoesntfitorgetsbad.

74

Beingawayfromfamilyandfriendsthataren'tthere.

Technologiesgainedandastepforward.

Iwouldthinkboredomwouldsetinovertime,whichiswhyIsaidIwouldgoforafewmonths

lackofdiversity,toosmall,emergenciesandnaturaldisasters/security

Thatitdoesn'talreadyexist/

Thisseemstobesoldasaplaygroundforthesuperrich.Iwouldnotwanttolivewithpeopleofleisurewhoarenotcommittedtoworkingtoexpandaccesstospace.

maybepersonalspace

Nothing.

lossofphysicalearthtraveland,ultimately,variety.

A55meterradiusand1ggravitymeansitrotatesevery15seconds,or4rpm,whichIthinkisalittlefastforcomfort.Asomewhatlowergravity-say,Marsgravity-mightbemorecomfortablefortheresidents.

Thesimplisticdesignseemstolackdiversityandthusbiologicalstability,itmakesmeabituncomfortable.

At64Iamprobablytooold

Corioliseffectmaybehardtogetusedto,threatofspacedebrisimpactorsomeothercatostrophe

Theleastattractiveaspectisthenotionofessentiallybeingstuckthereduetotheexpenseofleaving.

Politicalgovernance.Yourpictureistotallynaive.Itwouldrequireveryclearlawsandregulations,withbasicallyallinhabitantsservingaspartofthecrewinarelativelystrictcommandandcontrolsettingtobefair.Everyoneworksandgetsroughlyanequalshareortherewouldbedeepdiscord.Afterthecolonywasestablished,therewouldbedeepsocialtensionunfolding,unlesstheinhabitantsweredividedintocrewandpassengers.

Smalllivingarea,longandexpensivedistancefromfamilyandfriends

Thecostofgettingthere.Thecomplexityoflongtermmaintenance.

I'muncertainwhethersuchacontrolled(mall-like)environmentwouldbecometiresomeintheextremeafteraperiod,say,ofafewyears.Imightendupseekingamorenatural,ifmoreharsh,environmenteventually.

LeavingFriends

Faraway

TherealchancethatIwouldtakeoverthestationanddeclareitmyownpiratebay.

Possiblydyingbecauseof"spacestuff"(you,meteorites,spacetrash,etc.)

Notbeingabletosee/visitthingsandpeopleonEartheasily.

Thesheeramountofrawmaterialsrequiredtomachine/fabricatenewpartsonthegowillbedifficult.However,ifKalpanaTwoendsupbeingacolonythatthrivesonassistingtheminingofbrought-to-earthasteroidsforrawmaterial,thenthisshouldnotbeanissue.Foundries,machineshops,repairbaysandthelikeshouldbeprioritized.

vacuumoutside

Iimaginethedatingpoolwouldberathersmall.

thepotentiallyexpensivetripsbackandforthtoearth.howeverisuspect"100k+"isextremelyunrealisticespeciallygiventheenormouseffortandinfrastructurewe'vebuiltforthepurposesofsuburbancommutes.

75

Notbeingabletodocertainthings--walkinaforest,hikeamountain,swiminalake,kajakariver,seewildanimalsintheirenvironment,walkonabeachwithsurfinyourearsandbodysurfwaves.Evenifincorporateditwouldbeartificial.

Abilitytovisitrelativeswhodon'tshipup.

smalltownmindset?

Lackofprivacy,closeproximitytoallotherresidents,susceptabilitytoauthoritatiancontrol

Abittoosmallforafullsizedflatsoccerpitch.Notlargeenoughpopulationforalargestudentpopulationandcommerciallydrivenpopulation.Wantthousandsofresidentsontopofathousandorsostudentsk-12andespeciallyUniversitylevel.

utterdependenceuponplanet-sideresources

Notbeingabletojuststepoutandenjoynatureandgoingforahike.

Lackoforexpensivetraveloptions,lackofrandomweather/seasons,potentialsocialproblemswithaclosedpopulation,whatformofgovernment?,whattiestoothercountries?SoundslikeanunstablechoiceforOrbitsothatitcanuselessradiationshielding,butthatmeanssolarstormswouldbelargervariables.TheideaofLagrangepointstationedcolonyandsimplybetterradiationshieldingsoundsmoreappealing.

HowmuchofyourwealthandfutureincomewouldyoubewillingtospendtoliveinKalpanaTwo?...

ThesmallandpossiblyafterawhileratherclaustrophobiclivingconditionsandthedetachmentfromthenaturalsurroundingsofEarth.

Thedangersaboutcrashes.

AspacewhereIcanlive.

ThecostofthejourneytoKalpanaTwo

Possibleclaustrophobia,threatsfrommicrometeors,radiation(atanylevel),andthemassivecost.

Spacelimit.

Dizziness.;-)Maybesomeclaustrophobia

Cost.Physicalseparationfromotherfamilymembers.Youwouldliketogovisityourmotherandthenreturnhome?Thatwillcostamerehalfmilliondollars.

Thelimitationsofnothavingcertainresourcesavailableimmediately.

Limitednumberofpeople,potentialLordoftheFliessituation

Radiationconcerns.

Possibledecompression

Expenseandlimitedlikelihoodofsuccess.

Beingstuckwithaverysmallgroupofpeople.

Travelcosts.Icanenvisageaone-offpaymenttomovepermanentlymyselfbutcouldnotaffordfrequentvisitstoEarthforholidaysnorcouldfriendsandfamilyaffordtovisit.Thereisalsotheriskofbecomingboredwiththeverylimitednumberofplaceseasilyvisited.Fulltimeworkwouldbeessential,evenwhenretired.

HARDTOVISITOTHERPLACES

76

Enclosed

Itisaartificialhabitat.

Well,probablythenumperofpeople,buteverythingisaboutadaptationandtolerance

Thepricetagaswellasthelackofnature(notaplanet/moon).

Notmuchfreedomforexploringalotofplaces.

It'sinLEO,soit'snotagatewaytoanywhere.Itcouldalsobeatarget,shouldsomerogueregimedecidetotestit'ssatellitekillermissile.

CostoftraveltoEarthdestinationsandphysicalseparationfromextendedfamilyandfriends.

Nonereallt

thediversityoftheland,itisnotEARTH

Possiblynothavingmyfamilywithme.

Space,peace,introspection,discovering.

thesmallspace,inabilitytoescapewheneverIwant,dangerofsomecriticalmalfunction

Potentiallyjumpinginacarandgoingawayfroafewdays,itwontbeaseasyorcheaptodo.

Thesmallsize-ifforsomereasonthesocietyinspaceisnotexpandedwithmorepeoplemovingintomorehabitatsandlarger.

Thepotentialvulnerabilityduetoitssmallsize.

Thedownsidetothistypeofstructureisdefinitelythetimetomakeoperationalandrunningthisstation,thenyoucertainlyspeaksofafuturebetween50-100years,alsothehighcostsnecessarytocompletedefinitelyimposeexorbitantpricesforaccessthestructuretothepublic,unlessonewantstoaskthepublicanddonotkeepitinacontextreservedforscholarsandastronauts/scientists

gravity,recreation,food,socialising

claustrophobiccharacterofitsspace

I'dpreferalittlebigger.

GovernancenottiedtoEarth's

People:(

None

Thelackofproperamenitiesandtherisk.

Thefearofbeinginanclosedandverysmallenvironment.

It'stoosmall.Iamatraveller.There,iwon'tbeabletotravel.

Spaceconstraints.

Iwouldfeeltrapped,especiallyifitisveryexpensivetoleave.Ithinkitwouldbeagreatexperiencebutnotalifelongexperiencetome.

ThefactthatIcouldleavemyfamilyonEarth

77

-

Thecosts,probablynotbeingabletoconvincemypartnertojoinme

Fragility.

probabilitytonotmeetanyfamilyinfriendsonEarthduringthestay(limitationofcommunicationstovideo/audioetc.)TolivewiththeriskthatsomethingbadcouldhappenandIplusfamilywillloseourlife,togetintoconflictswhicharebadlysolvable,tolifewiththefeelingthatthewhole"crew"isanexperimentandeverythingIamdoingisperhapsrecognisedbyagroundteam

Expenses

Expenseoftripsdown

Leisure,I'maworkhorse

Highcostofliving.Safety.

Lackoffreshairandnature.

Lackofpristinenatureforrecreationsuchasskiingandsailing

TheproximitytoEarthwouldactuallyberatherunattractivetome.Atonlyafewhundredmiles,spacejunkwouldbeworrisome,ifnotdeadly.

Thepriceoftravellingbackandforthfromearth.

fearofcabinfever

Noobviousviewingareasofearthorspace;mainreasonforlivinginspaceistobeinspace

OuterSpaceandlivingspace.Cost.

Cost.Honestly;withfallingincomesoverthepast3decades,it'sreallynotatallviable.

smallspace,looksthesameeveryday

beingoffworld,family/friends.

Costoftravel,dependenceuponartificialsystemstosupportlife.

size

Iwanttomovearoundmore.

Idon'tknowofanysinceIhavenotlivedthereyet;-)

It'snotonEarth.

itisnotearth....

There'snoocean,butthatcan'treallybehelped,mn?

Mightfeelconfinedafterawhile

limitedspaceandinabilitytogetout.whyhangoutinatincanwithoutaccesstoanything?

Distancefromfamily.

78

TouristandConsumerfocusedvsScientificendeavour

Isolationfromfriends/family.Cost.

Forcedtoliveaparticularlifestyle.

Sizelimitations.Thenagain,therewouldbeseveraloftheseTorustypehabitats.Oh,andthelackofnationalparks,andancientssitestoexplore.

smallspace

Costs

Possiblycrampedlivingconditionsandlackofspace.

thinlayerofmanmadematerialbetweenyouratmosphereandavacuum

dependingonyourneighbors,andthelengthoftimelivingonboard,onemightwishtoseesomenewfaces.alsomanywillmisspeoplebackonearth.althoughgoodvirtualrealitydevicesandfastbroadbandwouldhelpwiththese.also,thedietonboardmaybelimited,andtakesomegettingusedto.

thedimension////Ithinkissmall

Leastattractivewouldlikelybetheamountofpeoplethatwouldoccupythesmallspace.

beingstuckthere(thedifficultyofactualcontactwithrealpeopleandnaturalecosystemsonEarth)

isolationandadictatorshiptypeofgoverment

Rotationalspeedrequiredtoachieve1Gatd=110mmayactuallyprecludehavingaviewofEarth.EvenifyouplacedtheaxisofrotationperpendiculartoEarth,havingagiantspinningviewofitcouldbedisorienting.Fullgravity(toomuch)&Corioliseffects(toosmallastructure).Highriskofstructuralcompromiseorfailure(consequencessevere!).

Dangerofspacestationlosingintegrity/lifesupportability.

Thatitwouldbeanewpieceoftechnology,andasaresultmightbemoresusceptibletotechnicalglitchesthatcouldresultinpotentiallyfatalcircumstancesforresidents.

allthepossibleaccident…micrometeorites,perhapsradiation

Traveltime.

Willtherebepets?NohorsestorideIassume.

Le`avingmyfamily

Itwillbefullyexplored.Webuiltit;weknowit.

Limitedspace.Forcedtobeprojectedtothoseconditions.Spaceisdeadly.Spaceisscary.Itcouldbehandledsafelyandeasilywiththeproperwork,buttheanxietywouldtakeawhiletogetover.

PossiblemissedfamilyeventsandmilestonesonEarth.

Costofreturntoearth.

possiblecrowding

Wealthrequirements.

Beingawayfromhome??BeingawayfromEarth??Family??Honestly,I'mnotsurehowI'drespondtoitall.It'dbeinteresting.I'dprobablybesoexcited,I'dforgetallofthat.Intheend,Ireallydon'tthinkitwouldn'tphasemetoo

79

much.

oddhorizons

noAmazonPrime,cost

ExpensivetravelbetweenKalpanaTwoandEarth.Absenceofscientificexplorationinspace.

Separationfromextendedfamilywhowouldchosenottolivethere-thedifficultyandexpenseofnavigatingEarth'sgravitywell.

Ifitisanythinglikeyourconceptart,therewillnotbemuchdiversitygoingonupthere.

Possiblelackofabackgroundcheckonapplicants

Theunknowndangersthatspacemayentail.

Size

Untestedtechnology

costandlimitationsoffoodvarietyandothernecessitylimitations

Physicallyitisfartoosmall.Theidealwouldbeasettlementataboutthesameorbitalaltitudebut1000mdiameter.(IamsurprisedbythespecificdimensionsofKalpanatwo.IhavereadtheKalpanaonedocumentanditsuggeststhattobestaticallystablethelengthcanbenomorethan1.3r.)

LivingawayfromEarthinanartificial"bubble"

NoTacoBell.

Theadjustmentandthedistancefrommyson,ifhedidn'tjoinme.

Notfindingmysoulmate

Expenseoftravel.

None.

Hullbreaches;coronalmassejections

-ThetaskofsayingamoreorlesspermanentgoodbyetoEarth.-Thepossibilityofsystemsfailure.

Um...itwouldbeself-governing?Thatsoundslikeanightmare.Whathappenswhensomeonegetsmurdered?Areallthesuspectsflownbacktoearthfortrial?Whopaysforthat?Whatearthgovernmentsdoweinteractwith?Couldothercountriesgetmadatourhostcountry,andtakeitoutonthembyblowingusup?Also:itishardtoimagineaspacenotfeelingclaustrophobicafteramonth.WherewouldIgoforvacation?IfIgetdivorced(notthatIpersonallyanticipatethis):)Ican'tmovetoanotherstate.Also:thelackofdiversity.Imeanallthearchitectureandobjectswouldbesimilarlymanufactured.Therewouldbenothingthatfeltancient.

Also...space(vacuumsarescarrrry).

Nothing

nowifi?

ThecosttoflybacktoEarth

Notbeingabletoreturntoearthatleastonceayear.Thefactthatitwouldapparentlybeapaytogetinasopposedtogetintoearnalivingandworkasaproductivememberofacommunity.

80

Beingawayfromfamilyandfriends.

therearenonsofar

mustfirsttryit,beforejudgingit

ThecostandtheseparationfromEarth.AllvacationsonEarthwouldbeexpensive.

It'snotMars

Difficultyvacationing"offhab".IfatleastyearlytransittoandfromEarthwereaffordable,Iwouldhavenoproblemlivingthereforever.benefitsofaginginspace.scienceopertunitys,designopertunitys,beigabletoexplorespaceeasilyfromhome,withoutexpensiveoutmodedrockets.Smalldiametercurvedenvironment.AdjustmenttoCorioliseffects.Cutofffromearthsurfacetravelingopportunities.Highcostofgettingthereandrevisitingearthsurface.

RadiationandHardVacuum.Adaptingto.5g.

lacktheabilitytoexploreandtravel

Otherpeopleandgovernments

PossibilityofhighcostoftraveltoEarth'ssurface

Dangerofcollisionsandperhapsinsufficientprivacy.

Notbeingabletovisitothercitieseasily.

whataboutmedicalcare..AlsowhataboutifonaDisabilitypensionhowwouldonemakeanincome?AlsowhataboutDiabetics?sorryhadtoaddthatinnevergotananswerfromNASA.

Transportcosts.

Safety.Security.

Space

Isolationifcommsgodown,internalstrifeoverissueonEarth,seemovie2010,CUToff,noescapebacktoEarthorLunarbase.partstorepair,replacesystemsunlessproduceonsite3D.

Traveltoanywhereisnoteasy.

Livingspacewillbetightandweallwillberesponsibleforkeepingthehabitatoperationalandsafeandsomefolkswillshirktheirdutyandlet"Theotherguyworryaboutthat."

BeinglimitedtoonlyorbitingtheEarth

isolatedcommunitiestendtoregress,peopleplayingpoliticsforpowerandinfluence.

LeavingmyfamilybehindTheinevitablehomesickness

Leavingfamilyandfriends.Theinherentdangerinthisfragileenvironment.

Spaceavailable,possiblenoise,lackofchoiceofenvironment(notsure)

RegularaccesstoEarthplanetsidecouldbeaconcern.ItwouldbenicetovacationdownonEarthwithmyfamily.

IthasrisksandmaynotbeasinterestingaslifeonEarth.Beingabletointeractwithmygrandkids[otherthanviaskype]whiletheygrowup.IwroteapaperonthisfortheAmericanJournalofPhysics,basedonG.K.O'Neill'sideas.

81

NA

Givingupalltheworld'sparks,oceans,rivers,lakes,and,even,changingweather.Limitedcontactwithextendedfamily.

engineeredecosystem,whatifsomethinggoeswrong?

Confinementandsafety

Radiationexposure

None

Livingawayfrommyrelativesandmyfriends.ItisyourdealbreakerifthereisnotatleastFullbodyvideopictureLovemyfamilyavailableatanytimeIseefittocallthenvem

Thepossibilityofadistopiandictatortakingcontrol,probablythearchitectthatbuiltthething.

Potentialcost

ConfinementUnknowndangers

Confinement

ThelongtripbacktoEart,andit'sprice.Butconsideringthedegreeofdevelopmentit'simpossibletoconsideritanimpediment.

livingcosts

thecostoftransportation

Thecostofgettingthereandespeciallyleavingit.

None.

It'shighlyriskyandasofyet,untested.Whilepeoplehavebeenliving/workinginspaceforsometimenow,thedurationisshortandthenumberofpeopleinvolvedissmall.Therehasneverbeenasignificantnumberofpeoplespendingthemajorityoftheirlifeinspace.Theremaybephysicalandphysiologicaleffectsthatweareasofyetunawareof.Thatbeingsaid,someonehastogofirst.

size

Thecostofgoingtoandleavingisratherexpensive.So,dependingontheeventualpopulation,thelimitationof"...residentswouldhaveunprecedentedcontrolovertheirlifestyles:whowilljointhecommunity..."wouldbeanegativewithme.Governing,"citizenship",ruleoflaw,etc.mightbeevenharderproblemstoaddressthantacklingthetechnologytomakethiswork.

Cosmicraysandmeteorites!

Expense...that'sit,andthatwillbemanageableformebythetimeitisfinished.

Largerriskofdisaster,reach-ability,noticeablerotationalspin.Acertainlimitorinstructiononwhatyoucanandcan'tdo.IwouldmissmybicycleridestooohandDHLdeliveries...

None.

Death

Thereisnosuchaspect!

Itslocation

82

Riskofcatastrophicfailure,potentialnegativehealtheffects.

Therelativelysmallsizeandlimitedopportunitiesforexperiencesoutsidethatenvironment.

Extremelysmallspace,curvatureofthestationitself,expenseofgettingtoandfromEarth.

Familyandfriendsleftbehind

Smallersizewilllenditselftothat"islandfever"feeling.

nomountains,perhapsminimalnature,girlfrienddoesn'twanttogo

payingmoney.Waitingforit

Gettingboredafterawhile,bothpersonallyandacrossallofthepopulation.Everyoneneedstobeinvolvedinthecreationandmaintenanceofittobefullyinvestedandfeelindividualownershipandequityinit.Thatwillhelpcreateamorestablesocialenvironment.Andalsotokeeppeoplebusy.

Theexpectationthattherewouldbeoutagesofvarioussortsandthedifficultiesasaresult.

Withoutavailabilityofrawmaterialstomakethingsandsupportanindustrialbase,itfeelsmorelikeanoutpostthanarealsettlement,nomatterhowmanypeoplearethere.WithoutanindustrialbaseIwouldfeelconcernedthatmykidshadnofuturethere.

Healthaspects,gforcesandradiationetc.

Costoftransportationtoandfromearth...makesandearthsidevacationabitonthespendyside.

thenegativeeffectsofmicrogravityonmyhealth

significantcurvatureoflivingspace

Losingtheabilitytotravelsoeasilyfromplacetoplace.

Iwillbelongdeadbeforeyoubuildit.

Isolation.Fearofclaustrophobia.

1.Inequatorialorbit,youareoveropenocean70%ofthetime.Boring.Theviewfromaninclinedorbitcanbemuchmoreinteresting.2.Thegeomagneticfieldisdisintegrating.Thelasttimethishappened(theLaschampsexcursion,40,000yearsago)thefieldfellto5%ofitsnormalvalue.Thenorthmagneticdippoleismovingsouthjustasfastasitdidinthatevent.Atitspresentrateofexpansion,theSouthAtlanticAnomalywillcovertheSouthernHemisphereby2050.KalpanaIIwillneedshielding(waterfromancometorasteroid?),soitmightaswellbeinaninclinedorbit.

Theinabilitytoaccessopenspacessuchasmountainsandforests.

Confining.

Niceidea,butitneedstobepartofalargercolonizationeffort.Spacewasstartingtobeabletopayforitselfandbecomeanewfrontierbutwegaveuptoosoon.IworkedattheJohnsonSpaceCenterwhenNASAwastryingtoplaydownthespaceprogramwiththeshuttlemissions.Weneedtofocusondevelopingthemoonfirst.Itisintherightspot,hasashallowgravitywell,andhasallofthemineralsweneedtogetouttospaceandbeginthenextexpansion.Withthemoondeveloped,manylessonswillbelearnedandthelikelihoodofyourhabitatbecomesfarmorelikely.YouwillnevergetenoughmaterialoutoftheEarthgravitywell,waytooexpensive.

Itsoundscontrolling

Fragility

Beinginspaceandnotbeingabletoleaveasneeded.

83

Mostlytheexpense,andmyage(I'm53)Ifthisbecomesanoptionforretirement(Ipresumeit'satleast10yearsaway)Iwouldstillbeinterested,butobviouslymyviabilityasaworkerwillbediminishedasagetakesitstoll.Ifitdoesn'tproduceandexportanything,howcanitbeeconomicallyviableasacommunity?Andhowboringwoulditbetonothaveusefulandproductiveworksatisfyingcustomers?Atminimum,itshouldserveasaresearchcommunityand/ortransferport.Also,emulatingEarthg(andpresumablysealevelpsi)causeshighermaintenanceeffortandcost.

TooSmall.

Lackofdiversity(judgingfromtheserenderings)

DependingonEarthforalmosteverymaterialitem

None

variousdangersinaspacerelatedenvirnment

None,unlessIhadtoleavefamilybehind.

HostingpeoplefromEarthmightbeatightsqueeze.

ProhibitiveexpenseofreturningtoEarth

DutyFreegiftshops.

Thathorizoncurveisawfullytight.Thatwouldtakealotofgettingusedto.

distancefromthefamily

Unabletoaffordtogobackhomeevenforavisit

Smallandhardtoleave