Harkness2e chap11 ppt

Chapter 11: Community Assessment

Chapter Highlights• Components of a community

assessment• Defining a community• Frameworks of community assessment• Different approaches to community

assessment

QuestionIs the following statement true or false?Community assessment includes examination of biological, psychological, and sociocultural influences of the environment that surrounds a specific group of people.

AnswerTrueRationale: Community assessment includes examination of biological, psychological, and sociocultural influences of the environment that surrounds a specific group of people.

Community• Geopolitical, sharing geographic

boundaries and governing structures• Phenomenological, sharing common

interests or beliefs• Communities of solution, formed by a

group of people to address common interests, beliefs, or needs

• A society, nation, or international or global communities

Defining the Community and Its Boundaries

• Geopolitical communities• Phenomenological communities• Societal, national, or international

communities

Community AssessmentCommunity assessment includes examination of biological, psychological, and sociocultural influences of the environment that surrounds a specific group of people.

Windshield SurveyObservation of a community while driving a car or riding public transit to collect data for a community assessment

QuestionIs the following statement true or false?The functional health status approach uses a retrospective historical approach to understand cultural changes over time to provide information for future initiatives.

AnswerFalseRationale: The functional health status approach evaluates health patterns in the community. The developmental approaches use a retrospective historical approach to understand cultural changes over time to provide information for future initiatives.

Frameworks for Community Assessment

• Epidemiologic approach to community assessment– Describing the health of a population– Determining relationships that can predict health

and illness– Developing and testing interventions to empower

communities and effect change

Community as Partner FrameworkThe community as partner framework uses a systems approach with a focus on partnerships to effect change.

Functional Health Status Approach

The functional health status approach evaluates health patterns in the community.

Developmental Models and Approaches

The developmental approaches use a retrospective historical approach to understand cultural changes over time to provide information for future initiatives.

Community Assessment Asset-based Approach

• The asset-based approach identifies community resources and strengths along with community needs.

Collaborative Model• The collaborative model involves

assessment by an interdisciplinary team and members of the community.

Type of Community

The approach used depends on the type of community that is to be assessed. Combinations of frameworks can often be used.

Community Health Nurse Role• Within the context of a greater

healthcare team, and with the community members as partners, a community assessment assists community health nurses to maintain wellness and prevent illness in a population.

Harkness2e chap11 ppt

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