Post on 05-Mar-2018
Natural Capital in the Loddon Catchment
Data sources used for the mapsHabitats: NERC. (2011) Landcover Map 2007. Data obtained under non-commercial licence. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), Oxfordshire.Soils: Cranfield University. (2004) The National Soil Map and Soil Classification. Data obtained under non-commercial licence. Rivers & Lakes: Ordnance Survey. (2012) OS Strategi. Updated 2011. Data obtained under Open Government Licence. OS Open Data.Elevation: Ordnance Survey. (2012) Land and Height Data, OS Terrain 50 DTM. Data obtained under licence. Edina Digimap.Geology: British Geological Society. (2013) 1: 50,000 Bedrock Geology. Data obtained under licence. Edina Geology Digimap.River catchments: Environment Agency. (2014) WFD Management Catchments Cycle 2. Data obtained under Open Government Licence. Geostore.
Contact informationThis poster was produced by Jess Neumann, Joanna Clark, Amanda Ingham (HIWWT) and Mark Barnett (EA) with input from others in the Loddon Project Team (Tom Breeze, Simon Mortimer, Gavin Parker, Geoff Griffiths, Simon Potts, Alison Bailey, Hannah Cloke, Liz Stephens, Anne Verhoef, David Macdonald and Barbara Percy from the University of Reading) and the Loddon Catchment Partnership. Funding was provided by a NERC Impact Accelerator Award for the project ‘Ecosystem Services for Catchment Planning in the Loddon Catchment’. Contact Amanda Ingham (Amanda.ingham@hiwwt.org.uk) or Joanna Clark (j.m.clark@reading.ac.uk) for more information about work in the Loddon Catchment.
What is Natural Capital?
“The elements of nature that produce value (directly and indirectly) to people, such as the stock of forests, rivers, land, minerals and oceans. It includes the living aspects of nature (such as fish stocks) as well as the non-living
aspects (such as minerals and energy resources). Natural capital underpins all other types of capital… and is the foundation on which our economy, society and prosperity is built.” - The Natural Capital Committee (2014)
What is the Loddon Catchment?
The Loddon Catchment is the area of land (683
km2) that supplies water to the River Loddon.
Water from the River Loddon drains in to the River
Thames, which flows through London into the
North Sea.
Water transports sediments and dissolved
substances from both natural and artificial sources
as it moves through the catchment. The diversity
of vegetation, soils, geology and land use within a
catchment affects the pathway taken by water as it
is moves from rainfall through the land to the river.
These differences in the ‘water journey’ cause large
variations in the amount and quality of the water
between different locations. Therefore, natural
assets (or Natural Capital) are important to include
in catchment planning because they affect
ecosystem goods and services essential to support
human life, such as clean drinking water, flood and
drought regulation and food production.
Habitats & WildlifeHabitats and wildlife provide multiple benefits,
including food production, pollination, water
purification, and aesthetically enriching
landscapes. Each habitat supports a different
composition of wildlife. Habitats vary depending
on land use and local environmental conditions
controlled by soil, geology, slope and climate.
SoilsSoils store and release water and nutrients to
plants and animals, supporting habitats and
wildlife as well as regulating river flows, water
quality and the climate. The type of soil formed
depends on the interaction between geology,
slope, habitats, climate and land use.
Rocks & MineralsRocks provides essential minerals for a wide
range of everyday products. Some porous rocks
also store and filter a large percentage of water
that is required for drinking. The type of rock
affects the topography of the landscape (e.g.,
slopes), soil development, habitat type and
ultimately how water flows through the
landscape.
Rivers, Lakes & Ground
WaterWater is essential for life, providing multiple
benefits from drinking water to recreation.
Water is found almost everywhere to some
extent as it is continually moving through the
landscape from soils to groundwater,
concentrating as a water body in rivers and lakes.
The amount of water present in any one location
depends on the interaction between climate,
weather, habitats, soil, geology and slope.
Legend
Broad Habitats
Arable and horticulture
Improved grassland
Broadleaved & mixed woodland
Coniferous woodland
Urban areas
Dwarf shrub heath
Neutral grassland
Rough grassland
Fen marsh and swamp
Freshwater
Inland rock
Legend
Soil Type
Brown earth; calcareous
Brown earth; non-calcareous
Ground water gley; lowland
Lithomorphic; calcareous
Other
Peat
Podzols
Surface water gley; lowlandLegend
Loddon_geology
RCS_D
Chalk
Clay
Clay, silt and sand
Sand
Sand, silt and clay
Sandstone
Sandstone and mudstone
Mudstone
Siltstone and sandstone
Legend
River network
Lakes and reservoirs
Soil water (outside of urban areas)
ElevationHigh : 224.9 m a.s.l
Low : 33 m a.s.l
Habitat
Area (ha) % catchment
20929 ha
13911 ha
10660 ha
3146 ha
14086 ha
1443 ha
1201 ha
1821 ha
32 ha
653 ha
391 ha
31%
20%
16%
5%
21%
2%
1%
3%
<1%
1%
<1%
Soil type
Area (ha) % catchment
2%
17%
14%
8%
15%
1%
16%
27%
1590 ha
11862 ha
9267 ha
5200 ha
10217 ha
688 ha
10773 ha
18676 ha
Geology
Area (ha) % catchment
15390 ha
162 ha
27140 ha
17641 ha
7473 ha
333 ha
96 ha
30 ha
8 ha
23%
< 1%
40%
26%
10%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
Rivers, lakes and soils Value
217 km (River Loddon 48 km)
326 ha (< 1 % of catchment)
58056 ha (85 % of catchment)
Legend
Broad Habitats
Arable and horticulture
Improved grassland
Broadleaved & mixed woodland
Coniferous woodland
Urban areas
Dwarf shrub heath
Neutral grassland
Rough grassland
Fen marsh and swamp
Freshwater
Inland rock
Legend
Soil Type
Brown earth; calcareous
Brown earth; non-calcareous
Ground water gley; lowland
Lithomorphic; calcareous
Other
Peat
Podzols
Surface water gley; lowlandLegend
Loddon_geology
RCS_D
Chalk
Clay
Clay, silt and sand
Sand
Sand, silt and clay
Sandstone
Sandstone and mudstone
Mudstone
Siltstone and sandstone
Legend
River network
Lakes and reservoirs
Soil water (outside of urban areas)
ElevationHigh : 224.9 m a.s.l
Low : 33 m a.s.l
Habitat
Area (ha) % catchment
20929 ha
13911 ha
10660 ha
3146 ha
14086 ha
1443 ha
1201 ha
1821 ha
32 ha
653 ha
391 ha
31%
20%
16%
5%
21%
2%
1%
3%
<1%
1%
<1%
Soil type
Area (ha) % catchment
2%
17%
14%
8%
15%
1%
16%
27%
1590 ha
11862 ha
9267 ha
5200 ha
10217 ha
688 ha
10773 ha
18676 ha
Geology
Area (ha) % catchment
15390 ha
162 ha
27140 ha
17641 ha
7473 ha
333 ha
96 ha
30 ha
8 ha
23%
< 1%
40%
26%
10%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
Rivers, lakes and soils Value
217 km (River Loddon 48 km)
326 ha (< 1 % of catchment)
58056 ha (85 % of catchment)
Legend
Broad Habitats
Arable and horticulture
Improved grassland
Broadleaved & mixed woodland
Coniferous woodland
Urban areas
Dwarf shrub heath
Neutral grassland
Rough grassland
Fen marsh and swamp
Freshwater
Inland rock
Legend
Soil Type
Brown earth; calcareous
Brown earth; non-calcareous
Ground water gley; lowland
Lithomorphic; calcareous
Other
Peat
Podzols
Surface water gley; lowlandLegend
Loddon_geology
RCS_D
Chalk
Clay
Clay, silt and sand
Sand
Sand, silt and clay
Sandstone
Sandstone and mudstone
Mudstone
Siltstone and sandstone
Legend
River network
Lakes and reservoirs
Soil water (outside of urban areas)
ElevationHigh : 224.9 m a.s.l
Low : 33 m a.s.l
Habitat
Area (ha) % catchment
20929 ha
13911 ha
10660 ha
3146 ha
14086 ha
1443 ha
1201 ha
1821 ha
32 ha
653 ha
391 ha
31%
20%
16%
5%
21%
2%
1%
3%
<1%
1%
<1%
Soil type
Area (ha) % catchment
2%
17%
14%
8%
15%
1%
16%
27%
1590 ha
11862 ha
9267 ha
5200 ha
10217 ha
688 ha
10773 ha
18676 ha
Geology
Area (ha) % catchment
15390 ha
162 ha
27140 ha
17641 ha
7473 ha
333 ha
96 ha
30 ha
8 ha
23%
< 1%
40%
26%
10%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
Rivers, lakes and soils Value
217 km (River Loddon 48 km)
326 ha (< 1 % of catchment)
58056 ha (85 % of catchment)
Legend
Broad Habitats
Arable and horticulture
Improved grassland
Broadleaved & mixed woodland
Coniferous woodland
Urban areas
Dwarf shrub heath
Neutral grassland
Rough grassland
Fen marsh and swamp
Freshwater
Inland rock
Legend
Soil Type
Brown earth; calcareous
Brown earth; non-calcareous
Ground water gley; lowland
Lithomorphic; calcareous
Other
Peat
Podzols
Surface water gley; lowlandLegend
Loddon_geology
RCS_D
Chalk
Clay
Clay, silt and sand
Sand
Sand, silt and clay
Sandstone
Sandstone and mudstone
Mudstone
Siltstone and sandstone
Legend
River network
Lakes and reservoirs
Soil water (outside of urban areas)
ElevationHigh : 224.9 m a.s.l
Low : 33 m a.s.l
Habitat
Area (ha) % catchment
20929 ha
13911 ha
10660 ha
3146 ha
14086 ha
1443 ha
1201 ha
1821 ha
32 ha
653 ha
391 ha
31%
20%
16%
5%
21%
2%
1%
3%
<1%
1%
<1%
Soil type
Area (ha) % catchment
2%
17%
14%
8%
15%
1%
16%
27%
1590 ha
11862 ha
9267 ha
5200 ha
10217 ha
688 ha
10773 ha
18676 ha
Geology
Area (ha) % catchment
15390 ha
162 ha
27140 ha
17641 ha
7473 ha
333 ha
96 ha
30 ha
8 ha
23%
< 1%
40%
26%
10%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
Rivers, lakes and soils Value
217 km (River Loddon 48 km)
326 ha (< 1 % of catchment)
58056 ha (85 % of catchment)
Note: the amount of water stored in soil and rocks underground varies with their type and properties (see other maps)