Post on 14-Apr-2018
7/30/2019 Global Environment Quiz - The Key
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Global EnvironmentOana Cutoi-Toft
Thursday, January 10, 13
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Quiz time!
Thursday, January 10, 13
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Quiz - the key
part 1. Global Warming
part 2. Natural Disasters
part 3. The Nature’s Forces of
Energy
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Know much about global warming?
• True or false? Global warming is caused only by natural factors
• true
• false
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• False
• Changes in the climate are partially due to the
natural forces and partially due to humanactivities. Scientists now believe that most of
the planet’s warming in the last decades has
been due to our emissions of greenhousegases.
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Know much about global warming?
Which country currently emits the most greenhouse
gases?
a. India
b. China c. The United States
d. The United Kingdom
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•Correct Answer :
• US was surpassed by China at the top of greenhouseemitters, whose roaring industrial sector has pushed
the countries carbon emissions to double digit annual
increases.
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Which of the following light bulb types uses the least
energy, and therefore results in fewer greenhouse gas
emissions?
a. Incandescent
b. Compact fluorescent
c. Halogen
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• Correct Answer :
• Compact fluorescent light bulb uses 60-80% lessenergy than a standard incandescent bulb or halogen
bulb.
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Know much about global warming?
How many deaths per year does the World Health
Organisation attribute to climate change?
a. 150,000 b. 1,5000
c. 1,500,000
d. 10,500
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• Correct Answer :
• The WHO blames 150,000 global deaths per year on
the effects of global warming including extreme weather, drought, heat waves, decreased food
production, and the increased spread of vector-borne
diseases like malaria.
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Know much about global warming?
How long does it take for carbon dioxide in theatmosphere to disperse?
a. 1 year b. 10 years
c. 50 yearsd. 100 years
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• Correct Answer :
• 100 years! Which means even if carbon dioxideemissions ceased immediately, past actions would
still affect the planet for decades to come.
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Natural disasters
Which natural disaster can produce the fastest winds onEarth?
a. Tornado b. Hurricane
c. Cycloned. Tsunami
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• Correct Answer :
• tornado. A strong tornado can generate winds speedsas high as 300 miles (500 kilometers) per hour.
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Natural disasters
Which natural disaster cannot be caused by shifts in
tectonic plates
a. Avalanche b. Earthquake
c. Volcanic eruption
d. Hurricane
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•Correct Answer :
• Hurricane. While earthquakes, volcanic activity, andavalanches can be caused by shifts in tectonic plates,
hurricanes originate over warm tropical oceans withlow atmospheric pressure.
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Natural disasters
In what country did the strongest earthquake on recordoccur?
a. Chile b. USA
c. Indonesia d. Iran
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•Correct Answer :
• Chile- A May 22, 1960, earthquake off coast of Chilemeasured 9.5 on the Richter scale. It triggered a
tsunami that spread throughout the Pacific Ocean andcaused about 2,300 deaths.
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Natural disasters
What natural phenomenon is a hypocenter associated with?
a. Earthquake b. Hurricane
c. Tornadod. Tsunami
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• Correct Answer :
• Earthquake – Also called the ‘focus’, the hypocenter is where an earthquake rupture starts deep within the
Earth. The hypocenter is the point on the Earth’ssurface directly above the hypocenter.
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Natural disasters
On average, what are your chances of being struck by
lightning in a given year?
a. 1 in 7,000,000 b. 1 in 700,000
c. 1 in 70, 000d. 1 in 7,000
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• Correct Answer :
• b, The chance of a human being struck by lightning ina given year is roughly 1 in 700,000. However, this is
a simple average. Participating in certain outdooractivities, like golf and mountain climbing, or not
taking precautions when thunderstorm is nearincreases your risk.
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Natural disasters
What is the most dangerous type of avalanche?
a. Wet avalanche
b. Dry slab avalanchec. Ice fall avalanche
d. Loose snow avalanche
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• Correct Answer :
• Dry slab avalanches account for almost all avalancheaccidents. They can reach 60 to 80 miles 8 (97 to 129
kilometers) an hour as quickly as five seconds afterthe fracture.
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Natural disasters
Which of the following islands was completely destroyedduring the 1893 hurricane?
a. Sumatra, Indonesia b. Hog Island, New York
c. Rotuma, Polynesia d. Bimini, Bahamas
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• Correct Answer :
• Hog Island, New York, destroyed in 1893 by a cathegory 2 hurricane, H island is the only known
example of the complete destruction of an entireisland during a hurricane.
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Natural disasters
How often does a lightning occur worldwide?
a. 50 to 100 times per second
b. 25 to 50 times per secondc. 500 to 1,000 times per day
d. 250 to 500 times per day
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• Correct Answer :
• Lightning occurs on average 50 to 100 times per day
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Natural disasters
Which Arctic animal do many scientists consider most vulnerable to extinction due to global warming?
a. Toucans b. Polar bears
c. Tropical frogsd. Narwhals
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• Correct Answer :
• narwhals a 2008 study found the narwhals’
restricted geographic distribution, specific migrationroutes, and specialized diet makes them more
vulnerable to global warming that polar bears, which
had previously topped the list.
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Natural disasters
True or false? A rise in global temperature is expected to
increase instances of malaria?
a. True b. False
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• Correct Answer :
• Rising temperatures allow mosquitos to survive at
higher altitudes, potentially bringing them to regionsthat lack population immunity. In addition, the
transmission period for vector-borne diseases is
increased with expected warm seasons.
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Natural disasters
During what time of day does air travel have the least
damaging effect on the environment?
a. Daytime b. Nighttime
c. They are equally damaging
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• Correct Answer :
• A 2006 study revealed that because airplane
exhaust contrails reflect little of no sunlight during nighttime and wintertime flights, they are less able to
compensate for the climate warming gases they
contain.
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Natural disasters
Hybrid cars get better gas mileage than car with
standard engines
a. Always b. Sometimes
c. Never
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• Correct Answer :
• Sometimes: Hybrid cars combine an internalcombustion engine with a battery system to improve
efficiency. In many cars, this translates into improvedfuel economy, but some hybrids use those savings for
added power. If you’re shopping for a hybrid, checkthe fuel economy rating!
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Natural disasters
Which of the following industries could be negatively
affected by global warming?
a. Insurance b. Commercial fishing
c. Wine making d. All of the above
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• Correct Answer :
• All of the above. Insurance companies can expect topay out more in disaster claims. The fishing industry
will suffer from depleted stocks. Some wine regions will no longer be able to sustain grape crops.
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
How much oil would it take to produce the energy in the
earthquake that rocked Japan on March 11, 2011?
• As much as Japan consumes each day
• As much as the world consumes each day
• As much as the world consumes over four days
• As much as the world consumes in a year
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
Correct Answer :
As much as the world consumes over four days
The Tohoku earthquake in the northwest Pacific Ocean
likely produced energy equivalent to 326 million barrels of crude oil, or 3.7 days worth of world consumption in 2011.
It's the force of 475 megatons of TNT, according toestimates U.S. Geological Survey has developed.
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
How much energy had Hurricane Katrina gathered at itspeak, about 17 hours before landfall in August 2005?
• As much as the capacity of all Louisiana's powerplants.
• Nearly twice as much as the capacity of all
Louisiana's power plants
• Nearly 100 times as much as the capacity of all
Louisiana's power plants• Nearly 1,000 times as much as the capacity of all
Louisiana's power plants
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
Correct Answer:
Katrina was producing about 20 million megawatts,calculates Kerry Emanuel, a professor of atmospheric
science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.That approaches 1,000 times the capacity of Louisiana's
entire fleet of power plants (26,000 megawatts, asmeasured during peak summer months).
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
How hot is the air heated by a lightning bolt?
• About 2,760°C, half the temperature of the sun'ssurface
• About 5,500°C, the temperature of the sun's surface
• About 11,000°C, twice the temperature of the sun's
surface
• About 30,000°C, five times the temperature of thesun's surface
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
While brief, the voltage of lightning is intense enough toquickly heat the air to nearly 30,000°C, five times thetemperature of the surface of the sun. The rapid
expansion of the heated air generates a shock wave thatis heard as thunder.
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
A typical lightning bolt might release energy of 1,000megajoules. How much gasoline would it take to produce
as much energy?
• 1 gallon (3.79 liters)
• 8 gallons (30.3 liters)
• 80 gallons (303.2 liters)
• 800 gallons (3,032 liters)
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
Correct Answer:
8 gallons (30.3 liters)
It would take 8 gallons (30.3 liters) to produce
energy equivalent to a lightning bolt that released
1,000 megajoules of energy.
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
Which coast of the United States has the most wave
power capacity?
• Alaska's Pacific Coast
• Alaska's Arctic Sea Coast
• The East Coast from Maine to Florida
• The West Coast from Washington to California
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
Correct Answer:
Alaska's Pacific Coast
Alaska's Pacific shoreline has more available wave energy
than all of the other coasts of the United States combined,partly because it is the longest U.S. coastline, and also due
to the vast area of open water over which the wind worksto create the waves.
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
The tsunami that devastated Japan's east coast onMarch 11, 2011 far exceeded the destructive power of
the atom bombs that hit Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Calculations of its force take into account the tsunami'slength, height, and velocity, but one other key factorremains uncertain. What is it?
• The water temperature
• How far it traveled to shore• Its duration
• The area of impact
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
Correct Answer:
Its duration
University of Illinois geologist Susan Kieffer, an expert on
geological fluid dynamics, estimates that tsunami'sduration was 100 seconds to 1,000 seconds. As a result,
her estimate of the tsunami's energy ranges from theexplosive power of one megaton to 10 megatons of TNT.
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
An F-5 tornado like the one that hit Joplin, Missouri, onMay 22, 2011, tops the five-level enhanced Fujita
intensity scale. How much energy does one of these
massive twisters have compared to one at the level just
below, an F-4 tornado?
• 25 percent more
• 50 percent more
• 75 percent more
• 100 percent more
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’ ’
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
Correct Answer:
The energy of an F-5 tornado, with wind in excess of 200
miles per hour and a third of a mile wide, could be
estimated at 300,000 kilowatt-hours, double that of the
F-4 tornado that hit Harrisburg, Illinois, on February 29,
2012, says Dr. Joseph T. Schaefer, director emeritus of the
U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration'sStorm Prediction Center.
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Wh d ’ k b ’
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
U.S. government scientists are studying a new hurricane
rating system that better measures a hurricane's
“integrated kinetic energy.” What do they hope to be ableto better predict through this measure?
• The extent of the storm surge
• Where hurricanes are likely to make landfall
• Where hurricanes are likely to develop• The intensity of winds on shore
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Wh t d ’t k b t t ’
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
•Correct Answer:
The extent of the storm surge
By better measuring a hurricane's integrated kinetic
energy, scientists hope to be able to better predictthe storm surge, the extent of the swell of water
pushed ashore by a storm's winds, which causes themost deaths in hurricanes.
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Wh t d ’t k b t t ’
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
At its peak, the energy of Iceland's Eyjafjallajökull volcano in March 2010 reached 6 gigawatts, more than
the capacity of most power plants. That heat was lost to
the atmosphere, but how much of Iceland's electricity comes from geothermal energy?
• One third
• One half
• Three quarters
• All of it
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Wh t d ’t k b t t ’
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What don’t you know about nature’s
forces of Energy?
Correct Answer:
One third
Geothermal energy provides about one third of Iceland's
electricity, but it also directly provides most of the building
and water heating in this nation of high volcanic
concentration.
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That’s all folkes!
• The end!