Post on 06-Jan-2016
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ECOLOGY QUIZ
MULTIPLE CHOICE
November 26th
Question 1
Question 2
Question 3
Question 4
Question 5
Question 6
Question 7
Question 8
Question 9
Question 10
Question 11
Question 12
Question 13
Question 14
Question 15
Question 16
Question 17
Question 18
SHORT ANSWER
QUESTIONS
(5)
Question 1
1. Temperature
2. Water
3. Breeding sites
4. Food supply
5. Territory
(2)
Question 2
Different species needing the same resource
Harmful organism living in or on another
Two species that both benefit from living together
Consumer that feeds on plants
(2)
Predation occurs when a consumer kills and eats another consumer. E. g. The giant anteater is the predator and the ants and termites are the preys
Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship. The parasite gains an advantage to the cost of the host, which may be killed.E.g. Parasite: African eye worm, Host: Humans
Question 3
Explain the significance of the principle of competitive exclusion.
no two species can coexist in same niche;one is displaced / one survives;one species has an advantage over competitor /species compete with each other;description of (Gause' s) experiments with Paramecium;[3]
(3)
Question 4
Explain what is meant by the niche concept. (2)Question 5
Define the term gross production.(1)
Explain why the gross production of a species in an ecosystem is always higher than the net production. (2)
net production is gross production minus respiration;all species respire;
Outline the changes in the gross production of an ecosystem during ecological succession. (2)
gross production rises;as small plants are replaced by larger plants;eventually stabilizes;more stratification as leaf area index increases;
Question 6
Question 7
Question 8
Question 9
The total solar energy received by a grassland is 5 × l05 kJ m–2 y–1. The net production of the grassland is 5 × 102 kJ m–2 y–1 and its gross production is 6 × l02 kJ m–2 y–1. The total energy passed on to primary consumers is 60 kJ m–2 y–1. Only 10 % of this energy is passed on to the secondary consumers.
(a) Calculate the energy lost by plant respiration.(2)
(b) Construct a pyramid of energy for this grassland.(1)
plant respiration = gross production – net production / 6 × 102 kJ m–2 y –1 – 5 × 102 kJ m –2 y –1;= 1 × 102 / 100 kJ m–2 y –1; 2Units required.
6 k J m y
6 0 k J m y
6 0 0 k J m y
– 2
– 2
– 2
– 1
– 1
– 1
Question 10
The cane toad introduced to Australia
It was introduced to control agricultural crop pests on sugar cane.Its toxic secretion and skin is a threat to other animals and predator, as well asHuman that come in contact.
Question 11
Question 12
(1)
(3)
Question 13
Sympson diversity index determines species richness of ecosystem;higher the index the greater the diversity;changes in the index indicate environmental change;so community B has a higher species richness;
Question 14
HL EXTENSION
cheaper than ex situ conservation;species continues to evolve in the natural environment;larger populations can be maintained bigger breeding pool /more genetic variation;species will be behaving normally in the natural environment /less stress / injury to animals during capture / transport;species will not have to adapt to special diets;species can have large territories/space;
(4)
(4)
HL EXTENSION(3)