Post on 11-Jan-2016
DO NOW
Without using your book what are the three branches of Natural Science?
Earth and Space, Life, Physical
Physical Science
Space and Time
Matter and Change
Forces and Motion
Energy
Scientific Method
An organized plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating information
Step 1: Ask a question.
Step 2: Make an observation
Step 3: Form a Hypothesis
Scientific Method
Step 4: Test your hypothesis (Experiment)
Step 5: Analyze Results
Step 6: Draw Conclusions
Step 7: Communicate results and develop a Theory
Theory versus Law
Scientific Theory: a well-tested explanation for a set of observations or experimental results. This is created when a hypothesis has been supported
in repeated experiments
Scientific Law: describes an observed pattern in nature without attempting to explain it.
Scientific Models
Make it easier to understand things that might be too difficult to observe directly.
A way of expressing a number between 1 and 10 and a power of 10.
Can be used for very large or very small numbers.
400,000,000 can be expressed 4.0 x 108
0.000000007 can be expressed 7.0 x 10-9
Scientific Notation
50,000,000= 5.0 x 107
900,000= 9.0 x 105
0.00000003= 3.0 x 10-8
0.002= 2.0 x 10-3
23,000,000,000=2.3 x 1010
450,000= 4.5 x 105
Write the Scientific Notation for the following numbers
When you are asked to multiply two numbers in scientific notations, multiple the numbers in front and then add the notations.
(3.0 x 109) x (5.0 x 103) = 15.0 x 1012 =1.5 x 1013
Multiplying
When you are asked to divide two numbers in scientific notations, divide the numbers in front and then subtract the notations.
(9.0 x 109) / (3.0 x 103) = 3.0 x 106
Dividing
SI – International System of units Length – straight-line distance between 2
points meter
Mass – the quantity of matter in an object Kilogram
SI Units for Measurement
Volume- amount of space taken up by an object.
• Cubic meters m3
Density – ratio of an objects mass to its volume.
Kilograms per cubic meter kg/m3
SI Units
Time- Seconds s
Temperature- kelvin K
Amount of substance- mole mol
Electric Current- ampere A
SI Units
Giga-Mega-Kilo- Deci- Centi- Milli- Micro- Nano-
SI Prefixes
Precision- gauge of how exact a measurement is. The more significant figures in a number the more
precise the number. The precision of a calculation is limited to the least
precise number in the calculation.
7.0856256367 x 4.56734 =
Limits of Measurement
DO NOW
Take out your homeworkWrite the following in scientific notation 43500000000000000.0000007
Accuracy- the closeness of a measurement to the actual value of what is being measured.
Limits of Measurement
Measuring Temperature
Thermometers: Bulb thermometers consist of a sealed, narrow glass
tube, called a capillary tube. As the temperature changes, the volume of the liquid changes.
K= oC + 273 F= 9/5oC + 32.0o
Organizing Data
Use data tables and graphs.
Make it easier to visualize the patterns and changes.
Line Graph
shows changes that occur in related variables (often time).
Slope = Rise/Run
Direct proportion- ratio of the variables is constant.
Inverse proportion- relationship where the product of the two variables is constant.
Bar Graph
Used to compare a set of measurements, amounts, or change.
Circle Graph
Sometimes called Pie Chart Parts related to a whole
Communicating Data
Scientific Journals
Conferences