Post on 20-Oct-2014
description
Diferencias entre ingls britnico e ingls americano
Ana Mara Casas Sanabria
Diferencias entre ingls britnico e ingls americano
Primera diferencia
Expresin de la posesin
Expression de Possession
Para expresar posesin en ingls usamos dos formas: Have or Have got Tienes hermanos o hermanas?El no tiene dinero Ella tiene un coche nuevo
To express possession in English we use two forms: Have or Have gotDo you have any brothers or sisters?Have you got any brothers or sisters?He hasn`t got any moneyShe has a new carShes got a new car.
Ambas formas son correctas tanto en ingls americano como britnico, aunque los britnicos prefieren la forma have got, y los Americanos emplean la forma have con el auxiliar do para preguntas y negaciones.
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Preposiciones
Ingls americano
Ingls britnico
On the weekendOn a teamPlease write me soon
At the weekendIn a teamPlease write to me soon
El verbo Get
El participio pasado del verbo get es gotten en ingls americano, y got en ingls britnico.He's gotten better at swimming. British English - He's got better at swimming.
Uso del Present Perfect
Este tiempo verbal se usa en ingls britnico para expresar que una accin que ha ocurrido en un pasado reciente tiene efecto en el momento presente, por ejemplo:
-I've lost my wallet. Can you help me look for it?-He perdido mi cartera. Me ayudas a buscarla?
Sera incorrecto, por tanto, decir:
-I lost my wallet. Can you help me look for it?
Sin embargo, en el ingls americano estndar ambas formas seran correctas.
Tambin se observan diferencias respecto al uso dealready, just and yet.
Britnico:-I've just had breakfast.Acabo de desayunar.-I've already seen that film.Ya he visto esa pelcula.-Have you finished your homework yet?Has terminado ya tus deberes?
Aqu las reglas del uso y colocacin en la frase de "already" "just" y "yet" se aplican tajantemente (se usan con el present perfect- no past simple, y se colocan entre el auxiliar have y el participio pasado)
Americano:-I just had breakfast or I've just had breakfast.-I've already seen that film or I already saw that film.-Have you finished your homework yet? or Did you finish your homework yet?
Aqu la regla gramatical en cuanto a uso y colocacin se pueden alterar sin dejar de ser correctos.
Pasado simple, partcipio pasado.
Algunos verbos tienen dos formas aceptadas de pasado simple y participio pasado tanto en ingls americano como britnico, sin embargo, la forma irregular es generalmente ms comn en ingls britnico y la regular en ingls americano.
BurnBurnt OR burnedDreamdreamt OR dreamedLeanleant OR leanedLearnlearnt OR learnedSmellsmelt OR smelled
Spelling
Britnico
Americano
Hay palabras que terminan en our:ColourFavourOdourHumourFlavour
Hay palabras que terminan en or:ColorFavorOdorHumorFlavor
Estas diferencias se deben a que en el ingls britnico se tiende a respetar la pronunciacin de muchas palabras de origen Francs, mientras que los americanos prefieren otorgar a estas palabras una pronunciacin ms americana, lo que consiguen quitando algunas letras que para ellos no son necesarias.
Britnico
Americano
Hay palabras terminadas en ise:RecognisePatronise
Hay palabras terminadas en ize:RecognizePatronize
Use of the Present Perfect
In British English thepresent perfectis used to express an action that has occurred in the recent past that has an effect on the present moment. For example:I've lost my key. Can you help me look for it?In American English the following is also possible:I lost my key. Can you help me look for it?In British English the above would be considered incorrect. However, both forms are generally accepted in standard American English. Other differences involving the use of the present perfect in British English and simple past in American English includealready, just and yet.
British English:I've just had lunchI've already seen that filmHave you finished your homework yet?American English:I just had lunch OR I've just had lunchI've already seen that film OR I already saw that film.Have your finished your homework yet? OR Did you finish your homework yet?
Possession
There are two forms to express possession in English. Have or Have gotDo you have a car?Have you got a car?He hasn't got any friends.He doesn't have any friends.She has a beautiful new home.She's got a beautiful new home.While both forms are correct (and accepted in both British and American English), have got (have you got, he hasn't got, etc.) is generally the preferred form in British English while most speakers of American English employ the have (do you have, he doesn't have etc.)
The Verb Get
The past participle of the verb get is gotten in American English. Example He's gotten much better at playing tennis. British English - He's got much better at playing tennis.
Vocabulary
Probably the major differences between British and American English lies in the choice of vocabulary. Some words mean different things in the two varieties for example:Mean: (American English - angry, bad humored, British English - not generous, tight fisted)Rubber: (American English - condom, British English - tool used to erase pencil markings)There are many more examples (too many for me to list here). If there is a difference in usage, your dictionary will note the different meanings in its definition of the term. Many vocabulary items are also used in one form and not in the other. One of the best examples of this is the terminology used for automobiles.
Example:American English - hoodBritish English - bonnet
American English - trunkBritish English - boot
American English - truckBritish English - lorry
Past Simple/Past Participles
The following verbs have two acceptable forms of the past simple/past participle in both American and British English, however, the irregular form is generally more common in British English (the first form of the two) and the regular form is more common to American English.
BurnBurnt OR burned
Dreamdreamt OR dreamed
Leanleant OR leaned
Learnlearnt OR learned
Spelling
Here are some general differences between British and American spellings:
Words ending in -or (American) -our (British) color, colour, humor, humour, flavor, flavour etc.Words ending in -ize (American) -ise (British) recognize, recognise, patronize, patronise etc.
The best way to make sure that you are being consistent in your spelling is to use the spell check on your word processor (if you are using the computer of course) and choose which variety of English you would like. As you can see, there are really very few differences between standard British English and standard American English. However, the largest difference is probably that of the choice of vocabulary and pronunciation.
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Webgrafa
http://esl.about.com/od/toeflieltscambridge/a/dif_ambrit.htmhttp://menuaingles.blogspot.com/2009/07/diferencias-entre-el-ingles-britanico-y.html