Post on 06-Oct-2020
Dichotomous Key
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ClassificationSystem that groups organisms based on common features that they share
Aristotle
First man to develop a system to classify organisms
2 kingdoms
He subdivided each kingdom Plant- based
division on size Herbs
Shrubs
Trees
Animals- based division on habitat Air
Land
Sea
Animals: Air Land Sea
Carolus Linnaeus
Improved classification system
Based his grouping on physical features
Linnaeus =Universal name= Binomial Nomenclature
All organisms are given a universal name
Used by all scientists
Helpful when many common names are used
Name is composed of 2 names
Genus name
Capitalized and comes first!
Species name
lower case and comes second
Both names are underlined
Example: Tolypeutes matacus – Three Banded Armadillo
Common names are misleading
Puma
Cougar
Mountain Lion
A seahorse is not a horse, but a fish.
Scientific name
Myotis macrotarsus
“Mouse-eared bat with big feet”
Cat
Genus name= Felis
Species name=
domesticus=house cat
sylvestris=wildcat
Human
Genus name=Homo
Species=sapien
Kingdom: Animalia (mobile critters; have many cells; can‟t make their own food)
Phylum: Chordata (flexible skeletal rod with accompanying nerves)
Class: Chondrichthyes („fish‟ with a cartilaginous skeleton)
Order: Lamniformes („Mackerel‟ sharks)
Family: Lamnidae („Mackerel‟ sharks)
Genus: Carcharodon (from the Greek carcharosmeaning “ragged” or “pointed” and odonmeaning “tooth”)
Species: carcharias (Greek for “shark”)
Modern classification system
Uses Linnaeus system but adds:
comparison of body chemistry and development features
DNA sequence
Cytochrome C
Hemoglobin
Developmental stages
of embryos
Reclassified
Modern Classification System Domain= Eubacteria
Kingdom=Eubacteria
Prokaryotic Bacteria
Domain=Archaea
Kingdom=Archaebacteria
Extreamophiles
Domain Eukarya
Contains 4 kingdoms
Kingdom=Protista
Kingdom=Fungi
Kingdom=Plant
Kingdom=Animal
Classification Groups =Taxa
A Mnemonic Device:
Dear
King
Philip
Came
Over
For
Ginger
Snaps
Each division contains fewer organisms, but
shares more features in common.
Classification Taxa Domain is the largest Taxa Domain contains one or more
kingdoms
Domain contain the most organisms
Each kingdom is then subdivided into: Phylum, Class, Order, Family,
Genus, Species
Species contain the fewest organisms but
with the most physical features in common
Classification
Which two animals are most closely related?
Ways to Identify an Unknown ?
Field Guides
Dichotomous Keys
Composed of statements with 2 opposite parts or categories.
Choose the statement that is true about an unknown organism.
Domain:
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species:
Shoe Classification
Can you classify shoes based on their characteristics?