Dichotomous Key - Loudoun County Public Schools · Dichotomous Keys Composed of statements with 2...
Transcript of Dichotomous Key - Loudoun County Public Schools · Dichotomous Keys Composed of statements with 2...
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Dichotomous Key
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Look out for the special check mark to know which notes to write!
On a checked slide, write all notes, unless …
On a checked slide with lots of notes, just write underlined text!
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ClassificationSystem that groups organisms based on common features that they share
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Aristotle
First man to develop a system to classify organisms
2 kingdoms
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He subdivided each kingdom Plant- based
division on size Herbs
Shrubs
Trees
Animals- based division on habitat Air
Land
Sea
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Animals: Air Land Sea
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Carolus Linnaeus
Improved classification system
Based his grouping on physical features
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Linnaeus =Universal name= Binomial Nomenclature
All organisms are given a universal name
Used by all scientists
Helpful when many common names are used
Name is composed of 2 names
Genus name
Capitalized and comes first!
Species name
lower case and comes second
Both names are underlined
Example: Tolypeutes matacus – Three Banded Armadillo
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Common names are misleading
Puma
Cougar
Mountain Lion
A seahorse is not a horse, but a fish.
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Scientific name
Myotis macrotarsus
“Mouse-eared bat with big feet”
Cat
Genus name= Felis
Species name=
domesticus=house cat
sylvestris=wildcat
Human
Genus name=Homo
Species=sapien
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Kingdom: Animalia (mobile critters; have many cells; can‟t make their own food)
Phylum: Chordata (flexible skeletal rod with accompanying nerves)
Class: Chondrichthyes („fish‟ with a cartilaginous skeleton)
Order: Lamniformes („Mackerel‟ sharks)
Family: Lamnidae („Mackerel‟ sharks)
Genus: Carcharodon (from the Greek carcharosmeaning “ragged” or “pointed” and odonmeaning “tooth”)
Species: carcharias (Greek for “shark”)
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Modern classification system
Uses Linnaeus system but adds:
comparison of body chemistry and development features
DNA sequence
Cytochrome C
Hemoglobin
Developmental stages
of embryos
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Reclassified
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Modern Classification System Domain= Eubacteria
Kingdom=Eubacteria
Prokaryotic Bacteria
Domain=Archaea
Kingdom=Archaebacteria
Extreamophiles
Domain Eukarya
Contains 4 kingdoms
Kingdom=Protista
Kingdom=Fungi
Kingdom=Plant
Kingdom=Animal
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Classification Groups =Taxa
A Mnemonic Device:
Dear
King
Philip
Came
Over
For
Ginger
Snaps
Each division contains fewer organisms, but
shares more features in common.
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Classification Taxa Domain is the largest Taxa Domain contains one or more
kingdoms
Domain contain the most organisms
Each kingdom is then subdivided into: Phylum, Class, Order, Family,
Genus, Species
Species contain the fewest organisms but
with the most physical features in common
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Classification
Which two animals are most closely related?
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Ways to Identify an Unknown ?
Field Guides
Dichotomous Keys
Composed of statements with 2 opposite parts or categories.
Choose the statement that is true about an unknown organism.
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Domain:
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species:
Shoe Classification
Can you classify shoes based on their characteristics?