TALK THERAPY????

“Psychotherapy”

PSYCHOTHERAPY

Patient Psychotherapist

PSYCHOTHERAPY

Psychotherapists have training in a variety of techniques which may be

employed in order to help patients to • recover from mental illness

• resolve personal issues• create desired changes in their lives.

PSYCHOTHERAPY IN DEPRESSION

Used for ferreting out the psychological factors that contribute to depression

where antidepressant medication corrects the underlying chemical

imbalance.

TYPES OF PSYCHOTHERAPY

• Cognitive therapy• Behavioral therapy• Cognitive behavioral

therapy• Dialectical Behavior

Therapy• Psychodynamic

therapy

• Interpersonal therapy• Supportive therapy• Hypnosis• Abreaction therapy• Relaxation therapies• Family therapy• Group therapy

COGNITIVE THERAPYSUPPORTIVE THERAPY

&OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

-Mr. Manish Bijalwan

M.Sc Nursing 1st yr

SCON

COGNITIVE THERAPY

COGNITIVE THERAPY

At the heart of cognitive therapy is the idea that our

thoughts can affect our emotions.

PRINCIPLE:• Thoughts precede moods and false self-

beliefs lead to negative emotions

COGNITIVE THERAPY

COGNITIVE THERAPY

• cognitive distortions common patterns of negative thinking

1. All-or-Nothing Thinking

2. Overgeneralization

3. Mental Filter

4. Disqualifying the Positive

5. Jumping to Conclusions

6. Magnification and Minimization

7. Emotional Reasoning

8. Should Statements

9. Labeling and Mislabeling

10. Personalization

AIM:• To help the patient recognize and reassess

his patterns of negative thoughts and replace them with positive thoughts that more closely reflect reality.

COGNITIVE THERAPY

• Developed by American psychiatrist ‘Aaron T. Beck’ in 1960.

• PROCESS:1. Development of skills for modifying beliefs2. Identification of distorted thinking3. Relate to others in different ways4. Change in behaviors

COGNITIVE THERAPY

Cognition triad: cognition model of depression

COGNITIVE THERAPY

INDICATION:• An effective treatment for depression

• Combination of cognitive therapy and antidepressants has been shown to be effective in managing severe or chronic depression.

COGNITIVE THERAPY

RECENT IN COGNITIVE THERAPY

• Cognitive therapies for suicide prevention, and schizophrenia and other psychopathologies.

• In addition, ongoing research is being conducted to measure the impact of city mental health agencies’ organization structure on the adoption of cognitive therapy by public health systems.

SUPPORTIVE THERAPY

SUPPORTIVE THERAPY

Long term therapy with various attempt by a therapist by any practical means

whatever to help patients deal with their emotional distress and problems in

living.

PRINCIPLE:• Focus on conscious mind rather than

interpreting unconscious• deals more superficially, but more

immediately with the daily events patient’s life.

• Not probing into the past and changing the personality

SUPPORTIVE THERAPY

SUPPORTIVE THERAPY

Yet even the most mature people lose their ability to provide support from within when they are excessively scared or in pain

TECHNIQUES:– Ventilation.– Environmental modification– Persuasion– Re education– Reassurance

INDICATIONS:• Person may be too disturbed to cope

effectively with day-to-day problems• Depressed• Schizophrenic• sexually disturbed• Neurotic• may be in crisis• chronically ill patient

SUPPORTIVE THERAPY

• Inform patients about their illness and about how to manage it and how to adjust to it.

• Intercede on a patient’s behalf with various authorities, including schools and social agencies, and with the patient’s family- indeed

• Explain his patient’s behavior to others; at the same time, he may have to interpret the meaning of other people’s behavior to his patient.

ROLE OF THERAPIST IN SUPPORTIVE THERAPY

• Educate him to the unwritten but crucial rules that govern all social interaction.

• Encourages his patient to expand his/her interests in the world by making friends, or by going to school or to work.

• Encourage participation in sports or hobbies.• serves as a model for proper and appropriate

behavior.

ROLE OF THERAPIST IN SUPPORTIVE THERAPY

As is usual in psychiatry, however, these distinctions blur in practice.

No treatment of the emotionally disturbed can be applied as a

formula.

Supportive therapy can be done by anyone who care

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

Application of goal oriented, purposeful activity in the assessment and treatment

of individuals with psychological, physical or developmental disabilities.

AIM:• To enable the patient to achieve a

healthy balance of occupations through the development of skills that will allow him to function at a level of satisfactory to himself and others.

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

SCOPE:• Children• Adolescents• Adults• Elderly patients

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

SETTINGS• Psychiatric hospitals• Nursing homes• Rehabilitation centers• Special schools• Community group homes• Community mental health centers• Day care centers• Halfway homes• Deaddiction centers

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

ADVANTAGES

• Help to develop social skills and provide an outlet for self expression

• Strengthens ego defenses• Develops a more realistic view of the

self in relation to others.

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

INDICATIONS

1. Medical condition: rheumatoid arthritis

2. Learning disability: autistic spectrum disorder (ASD)

3. Mental health condition: bipolar disorder

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

• PROCESS

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

ASSESSMENT

FORMULATION OF GOALS

DEVELOPMENT OF THERAPY PLAN

IMPLEMENTATION

EVALUATION

SETTING UP FURTHER GOALS

TYPE OF ACTIVITIES:

1. Diversional

2. Therapeutic

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

SUGGESTED OCCUPATIONAL ACTIVITIES

•Anxiety disorders

Easy to learnKitchen tasks, washing, sweeping, mopping, weeding gardens

•Depressive disorder

Achievable tasksCrafts, mowing lawn, weeding gardens

•Manic disorder Non competitive activitiesUse of energyFrequently changesRaking grass, sweeping

TYPE OF ACTIVITIES:

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPYPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

SUGGESTED OCCUPATIONAL

ACTIVITIES

•Schizophrenia (Paranoid)

Non competitive activitiesRequire concentratione.g. puzzles, scrabble

•Schizophrenia (Catatonic)

Active involvementContinuous supervision to cliente.g. molding clay, metal work

•Antisocial personality Task enhance self esteeme.g. drawing, painting

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPYPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

SUGGESTED OCCUPATIONAL

ACTIVITIES

•Dementia Group and Short time activitiesRequire less concentrationFamiliar activities

•Substance abuse Group activitiesTalent orientede.g. planning an interview with celebrity

•Mental retardation Repetitive workAchievement oriented taskse.g. cover making, candle making, packaging goods

BIBLIOGRAPHY• Burns, David D. Feeling Good: The New Mood

Therapy. Avon Books: New York, NY, 1999.• Rupke, Stuart J., David Blecke, Marjorie Renfrow.

"Cognitive Therapy for Depression." American Family Physician. 73.1 (January 2006):83-6

• Sreevani. R; A guide to mental health and psychiatric nursing; edition 2; Jaypee brothers, medical publishers (P) LTD, New Delhi, pg no. 190,196-198.

• http://www.beckinstitute.org/history-of-cbt/• http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/fighting-fear/

201306/supportive-psychotherapy

ANY QUESTION?

Reflect on Your Negative ThinkingIdentify & Fight

Negative ThoughtsLive an Optimistic Life

THANK YOU