Post on 14-Dec-2015
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
Using Functions in ExcelUsing Functions in Excel
Objectives: Using Excel functionsSUM, MIN, MAX, AVERAGE,
COUNT, COUNTAROUNDCOUNTIF, SUMIF, AVERAGEIF
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
A Function is a predefined worksheet formulaA Function is a predefined worksheet formula
The advantage of using a function:
Saves time writing Simplifies complex calculations Faster execution Less chance of typographical errors Fewer characters in the formula bar
Example: instead of =C5+C6+C7+C8use =SUM(C5:C8)
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
The general format of a function is -=Functionname(arguments) Arguments – argument variables are used by the
function to calculate the result. Arguments appear in a specific order.
Syntax – specific format required to use a function its name and order of arguments
Result – the value calculated by the function Algorithm – a step-by-step procedure for
accomplishing some end task.
Functions take arguments and return a resultFunctions take arguments and return a result
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
The SUM FunctionThe SUM Function Syntax: SUM(range) or SUM(num1, num2, …)
Can type into cell, use AutoSum toolbar button or function wizard
Argument: Value or Range of cells to be summed
Algorithm: Arithmetic sum of all values listed in the range argument
Example: In the formula =SUM(B2:B8) * 3 Excel will add the values in cells B2 through B8 and then multiple the result by 3.
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
Valid Range Arguments for a SUM function
A1:A4 - Range along a column A1:D1 - Range along a row A1:D4 - A two-dimensional range
(Block) A1, D3:D5, 7 - non-contiguous cells** not all range arguments of functions can be
used with non-contiguous cells
Arguments of a SUM function Arguments of a SUM function
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
Using functionsUsing functions
1
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A B C D E F G H
Grade BookLab1 Lab2 MT Final Total Percent
Total Possible points Honors 10 20 100 200 330
Blue H 9 15 88 186 298 90.3%Jones 5 77 155 237 71.8%Smith H 10 18 91 190 309 93.6%Grey 7 10 75 155 247 74.8%
Highest Score 10 18 91 190 309 93.6%Lowest Score 5 10 75 155 237 71.8%
What formula is written in cell G5 and copied down the column to determine the total points earned by the corresponding student? (grades.xls)
=SUM(C5:F5)
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
Function WizardFunction Wizard Function wizard: A short-cut to all the
functions in excel (use fx toolbar button) that walks you through building a function
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
Common Functions- with only a range argumentCommon Functions- with only a range argument
Where number1, number2 are 1 to 255 numeric arguments.Arguments can either be numbers, ranged names or ranges of cell references which contain numbers.
SUM(number1,[number2],…) Adds the numbers in a range of cells
AVERAGE(SUM(number1,[number2],) Calculates the arithmetic mean of a list of values
MIN(SUM(number1,[number2],…) Returns the smallest number of a range of values
MAX(SUM(number1,[number2],…) Returns the largest number of a range of values
COUNT(value1,[value2],…) Determines the number of cells in a range that contain numbers
COUNTA(value1, [value2],…) Counts non-blank cells
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
How a function’s algorithm can affect the resulting value
How a function’s algorithm can affect the resulting value
How does the Average function algorithm treat blank cells?
What value will result in cell A5 if it contains the formula =AVERAGE(A1:A4)?
12345
A1020
30=AVERAGE(A1:A4)
Blank cells are ignored the resulting value is 20
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
How many Honor students are there?How many Honor students are there?
Use =COUNTA(B5:B8) 2
The COUNT function ignores blank cells and text the resulting value is 0
=COUNT(B5:B8)?
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
If scores should only be reported as integers.. How can we fix this in Excel?
If scores should only be reported as integers.. How can we fix this in Excel?
Use the ROUND function to change the precision of a value
The Increase/Decrease decimal buttons do NOT change a value only how the value is displayed.
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
Syntax: Round (number, num_digits) = Round (24.44,1) results in the value 24.4
The ROUND function can be part of a larger formula: What value results: =Round (B2,0)*10 if cell B2
contains the value 81.3? How would your write a formula to round the
average value in cells Cl:C10 to the nearest ten?
The Round Function changes the precise value of a number, not just its display
The Round Function changes the precise value of a number, not just its display
810
ROUND(AVERAGE(C1:C10),-1)
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
The num_digits argumentThe num_digits argument Positive num_digits
round to the specified number of decimal places
A zero results in a whole number
Negative num_digits round values to tens, hundreds etc.
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
Notice the Σ SUM gives different results when adding rounded values
Notice the Σ SUM gives different results when adding rounded values
The formula in cell C2 is =B2 – copied down
The formula in cell D2 is =Round(B2,0) – copied down
The formula in Cell B5 is =SUM(B2:B4) - copied across
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
Counting the number of honor studentsCounting the number of honor students
How can we count the number of honor students if regular students have the letter R in the honor’s column? Before we used a COUNTA and ignored blanks but counted text.
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
Use the COUNTIF FunctionUse the COUNTIF Function
The COUNTIF function counts the number of values that meet a specified criteria:
=COUNTIF(B5:B8, “H”)
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
COUNTIF (range*, criteria) –
Range - a continuous cell range
Criteria Syntax:- A number 6 =COUNTIF(B2:B7,6)- Text “USA” =COUNTIF(A1:A50,“USA”)- A cell reference B2 =COUNTIF(C3:C10,B2)- A Boolean expression “>5” =COUNTIF(A1:A10,“>5”)
The COUNTIF Function counts the number of items in a range that meet a specific criteria.
The COUNTIF Function counts the number of items in a range that meet a specific criteria.
* The comma tells the computer the next argument is the criteria – so you cannot list individual cells separated by a comma for the range
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
How many people scored above 6 points on either lab?How many people scored above 6 points on either lab?
=COUNTIF(C5:D8, “>6”)√=COUNTIF(C5:C8,D5:D8, “>6”)X
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
SUMIF(range, criteria, sum-range) Range – Continuous range used to compare the criteriaCriteria – Comparison CriteriaSum-Range - If criteria is met, the computer will sum
the corresponding entry in this range The syntax of the criteria is the same as the syntax of
the COUNTIF function:- a number such as 6- text such as “Honor”- a Boolean value such as “<2”- a cell reference such as A1
The SUMIF Function sums the values in a range that meet a specific criteria
The SUMIF Function sums the values in a range that meet a specific criteria
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
Write a formula in cell C9, which can be copied down the column, to summarize the number of courses being taken by students in this college
=SUMIF(B$2:B$6,A9, C$2:C$6)
Sumif FunctionSumif Function
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
Use the AVERAGEIF function to average values that meet a specified criteria – average number of
courses taken by students in each college
Use the AVERAGEIF function to average values that meet a specified criteria – average number of
courses taken by students in each college
=AVERAGEIF(B$2:B$6,A9, C$2:C$6)
AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, averagif-range) – works identically to the SUMIF function except it averages
the specified range.
CS&E 1111 Exfunctions
A little harder..calculate the average cum for students by college by yearA little harder..calculate the average cum for students by college by year
=AVERAGEIF($B$3:$B$9,$B13,C$3:C$9)Is this equivalent to a sumif/countif?