Crime and Prevention Trends National Crime Prevention Council 2007–2008.

Crime and Prevention TrendsCrime and Prevention Trends

National Crime Prevention Council 2007–2008National Crime Prevention Council 2007–2008

22 National Crime Prevention CouncilNational Crime Prevention Council

Goal of This PresentationGoal of This Presentation

To inform participants of current trends, major To inform participants of current trends, major changes, and challenges projected over the changes, and challenges projected over the

next 20 years in the area of crime prevention next 20 years in the area of crime prevention and teach participants how to apply crime and teach participants how to apply crime

prevention principles to help meet new trends prevention principles to help meet new trends that develop in the futurethat develop in the future

Presentation ObjectivesPresentation Objectives

Consider current trends in crime and Consider current trends in crime and prevention prevention

Explore five major, emerging trends and Explore five major, emerging trends and challenges over the next 20 years challenges over the next 20 years

Examine ways to meet these challengesExamine ways to meet these challenges Establish how to use crime prevention as a Establish how to use crime prevention as a

strong foundationstrong foundation Identify ways to move forwardIdentify ways to move forward

Why Pay Attention to Trends?Why Pay Attention to Trends?

They change our lives.They change our lives.

• In 1986, how would you have called for In 1986, how would you have called for emergency road service? Today?emergency road service? Today?

• In 1986, how could you get cash out of your bank In 1986, how could you get cash out of your bank in a strange city at 1:00 a.m? Today?in a strange city at 1:00 a.m? Today?

• In 1986, how big was a high-quality personal In 1986, how big was a high-quality personal music player? Today? music player? Today?

• In 1986, how bulky were televisions? Today?In 1986, how bulky were televisions? Today?

Crime Prevention ImplicationsCrime Prevention Implications

Look at some crime prevention implications.Look at some crime prevention implications.• Cell phones: Quick calls right from the car to road Cell phones: Quick calls right from the car to road

service or to 9ll, but small and easy to lose or stealservice or to 9ll, but small and easy to lose or steal• ATM: Potential robbers know what you’re ATM: Potential robbers know what you’re

probably doing when you walk up to oneprobably doing when you walk up to one• Lightweight TVs: Convenient to move around Lightweight TVs: Convenient to move around

house; easier for burglars to take; and more house; easier for burglars to take; and more attractive to use or fenceattractive to use or fence

• iPods: Convenient to carry, but easy to steal or iPods: Convenient to carry, but easy to steal or lose. They are also attractive for thieves to resell. lose. They are also attractive for thieves to resell.

Other Recent TrendsOther Recent Trends

Online banking and bill-paying leads to phishing Online banking and bill-paying leads to phishing and spoofing (cyber fraud attempts by criminals)and spoofing (cyber fraud attempts by criminals)

Cyberbullying emerges as a serious crime; Cyberbullying emerges as a serious crime; solutions still under developmentsolutions still under development

Identity theft zooms to major national issue; Identity theft zooms to major national issue; numerous prevention strategies emergenumerous prevention strategies emerge

Local terrorism prevention emerges as an added Local terrorism prevention emerges as an added crime prevention responsibilitycrime prevention responsibility

Understanding Crime Trends Understanding Crime Trends Helps Us…Helps Us…

Anticipate prevention needs in current and Anticipate prevention needs in current and new contexts and prepare for themnew contexts and prepare for them

Learn from the past about how to identify and Learn from the past about how to identify and implement future prevention strategiesimplement future prevention strategies

Reap the benefits of crime prevention Reap the benefits of crime prevention Serve as effective advocates for crime Serve as effective advocates for crime

prevention prevention

Where Are We Now? Where Are We Now? Geography no longer governs community. The physical Geography no longer governs community. The physical

neighborhood around one’s residence is only part of the neighborhood around one’s residence is only part of the community. community.

People now operate in many different communities that People now operate in many different communities that overlap only slightly if at all. Here are just some of these overlap only slightly if at all. Here are just some of these communities.communities.

• WorkWork• HomeHome• Extended familyExtended family• ShoppingShopping• RecreationRecreation• FaithFaith• Professional associationsProfessional associations• Special interests (hobbies, civic, fraternal, etc.)Special interests (hobbies, civic, fraternal, etc.)

Crime Trends andCrime Trends andHow We Count CrimeHow We Count Crime

Counting crime helps us track our progress. At the Counting crime helps us track our progress. At the national level, there are currently two systems. national level, there are currently two systems.

National Crime Victimization Survey,National Crime Victimization Survey, conducted by conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, uses a national survey the Bureau of Justice Statistics, uses a national survey to count what happened, whether reported to police or to count what happened, whether reported to police or not. not.

FBI Uniform Crime ReportsFBI Uniform Crime Reports count what has been count what has been reported to the police. It does not gather details about reported to the police. It does not gather details about victim characteristics (except for homicide victims). victim characteristics (except for homicide victims).

Crime Trends andCrime Trends andHow We Count Crime How We Count Crime (continued)(continued)

Two emerging systems will lead to more Two emerging systems will lead to more detailed and localized data.detailed and localized data.

FBI FBI National Incident-Based Reporting SystemNational Incident-Based Reporting System provides key information about the victim and provides key information about the victim and circumstances in reported crime. At least 12 states circumstances in reported crime. At least 12 states now report this way; more are switching from the now report this way; more are switching from the Uniform Crime Reports system.Uniform Crime Reports system.Local Crime Victimization SurveysLocal Crime Victimization Surveys are now possible are now possible through from the National Institute of Justice and the through from the National Institute of Justice and the Bureau of Justice Statistics.Bureau of Justice Statistics.

Current Crime TrendsCurrent Crime Trends

In 2006, U.S. residents (12 years and older) In 2006, U.S. residents (12 years and older) experienced an estimated 22.4 million violent experienced an estimated 22.4 million violent and property crimes—approximately 17.0 and property crimes—approximately 17.0 million property crimes (burglary, motor million property crimes (burglary, motor vehicle theft, and theft) and approximately 5.4 vehicle theft, and theft) and approximately 5.4 million violent crimes (rape, robbery, million violent crimes (rape, robbery, aggravated and simple assault, and homicide).aggravated and simple assault, and homicide).

Current Crime Trends Current Crime Trends (continued)(continued)

■■ Personal and household victimizations are at 30-Personal and household victimizations are at 30-year lows, according to 2005 National Crime year lows, according to 2005 National Crime Victimization Survey data.Victimization Survey data.

Source: BJS, National Crime Victimization Survey (Criminal Source: BJS, National Crime Victimization Survey (Criminal Victimization, 2005)Victimization, 2005)

■■ FBI Uniform Crime Report preliminary data for FBI Uniform Crime Report preliminary data for 2006 show a 1.3 percent increase in reported 2006 show a 1.3 percent increase in reported violent crime compared with 2005. Property violent crime compared with 2005. Property crimes decreased by 2.9 percent in the same crimes decreased by 2.9 percent in the same period.period.

Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation 2006Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation 2006

Current Crime Trends Current Crime Trends (continued)(continued)

In 2005, 47 percent of violent crimes and 40 percent In 2005, 47 percent of violent crimes and 40 percent of property crimes were reported to police, a of property crimes were reported to police, a substantial increase from the 35 percent to 40 percent substantial increase from the 35 percent to 40 percent reporting levels in the late 1970s. reporting levels in the late 1970s. Source: BJS, National Crime Victimization Survey (Source: BJS, National Crime Victimization Survey (Criminal Victimization Criminal Victimization

2005)2005)

Current Crime andCurrent Crime andPrevention IssuesPrevention Issues

Current Crime and Prevention Current Crime and Prevention IssuesIssues

Methamphetamine abuse, identity theft, gangs, fraud Methamphetamine abuse, identity theft, gangs, fraud against seniors, and homeland security are among the against seniors, and homeland security are among the hot issues nationwide.hot issues nationwide.

Many residents feel that serious crime occurs only in Many residents feel that serious crime occurs only in isolated areas within their communities.isolated areas within their communities.

Computers as tools of personal and economic crime Computers as tools of personal and economic crime are a well-established fact. are a well-established fact.

Information brokering is a new criminal activity.Information brokering is a new criminal activity.

Current Crime Prevention Current Crime Prevention Issues Issues (continued)(continued)

Emphasis on fact-based and research-based Emphasis on fact-based and research-based programming is becoming a standard. Yet programming is becoming a standard. Yet many crime prevention programs do not have many crime prevention programs do not have a formal research base—just testing through a formal research base—just testing through experience. experience.

Pressure to demonstrate program outcomes—Pressure to demonstrate program outcomes—not how much was done but what has changed not how much was done but what has changed because of it—is increasingly prevalent at because of it—is increasingly prevalent at national, state, and local levels. national, state, and local levels.

Current Crime Prevention Current Crime Prevention Issues Issues (continued)(continued)

Shifting financial burdens from state and federal Shifting financial burdens from state and federal levels to localities have reduced crime prevention levels to localities have reduced crime prevention resources.resources.

New tools to help crime prevention (crime mapping, New tools to help crime prevention (crime mapping, crime analysis, email, web, etc.) have become crime analysis, email, web, etc.) have become available, however, they are underused. available, however, they are underused.

For information on crime mapping, visit For information on crime mapping, visit www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/maps.www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/maps.

What Is the Outlook for the What Is the Outlook for the Future?Future?

Five major predictionsFive major predictions1.1. The United States is significantly more diverse.The United States is significantly more diverse.2.2. Communications technology is evolving Communications technology is evolving

dramatically.dramatically.3.3. Data technology is expanding dramatically. Data technology is expanding dramatically. 4.4. People live longer and are active longer.People live longer and are active longer.5.5. The need to educate each new wave of children, The need to educate each new wave of children,

adolescents, and adults continues.adolescents, and adults continues.

U.S. U.S. Demographics Demographics and Diversity and Diversity PredictionsPredictions

U.S. Demographics and Diversity:U.S. Demographics and Diversity:PredictionsPredictions

The United States is becoming more diverse, The United States is becoming more diverse, racially, linguistically, culturally, ethnically. racially, linguistically, culturally, ethnically.

Estimates are that by 2050, people of color Estimates are that by 2050, people of color (predominantly African Americans and (predominantly African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos) will comprise a near Hispanics/Latinos) will comprise a near majority of the U.S. population. majority of the U.S. population.

Projected Population of the United States, by Race and

Hispanic Origin: 2010 to 2050 (percent of total)

2010 2030 2050

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0White 79.3 75.8 72.1Black alone 13.1 13.9 14.6Asian alone 4.6 6.2 8.0All other races 3.0 4.1 5.3Hispanic 15.5 20.1 24.4(of any race) White alone 65.1 57.5 50.1(not Hispanic)

The Largest Minority Population The Largest Minority Population

In 2006, the U.S. population reached 300 In 2006, the U.S. population reached 300 million. The Hispanic population accounts for million. The Hispanic population accounts for 44.7 million of the U.S. population or 14.9% 44.7 million of the U.S. population or 14.9% of the population.of the population.

Source: www.pewhispanic.org

U.S. Demographics and U.S. Demographics and Diversity: Challenges Diversity: Challenges

Increased diversity exists in language, culture, Increased diversity exists in language, culture, norms, personal, and group behaviors.norms, personal, and group behaviors.

Laws and enforcement of the laws that we Laws and enforcement of the laws that we have in place may conflict with the customs have in place may conflict with the customs and experiences of diverse populations. and experiences of diverse populations.

U.S. Demographics and Diversity: U.S. Demographics and Diversity: RecommendationsRecommendations

Develop ways to explain legal and Develop ways to explain legal and enforcement systems so they can be enforcement systems so they can be understood by diverse populations.understood by diverse populations.

Develop crime prevention strategies to reach Develop crime prevention strategies to reach widely different populations in languages and widely different populations in languages and frameworks that meet their needs. frameworks that meet their needs.

Build bridges between law enforcement and Build bridges between law enforcement and various cultural groups. various cultural groups.

Communications Technology Communications Technology PredictionsPredictions

Communications Technology: Communications Technology: PredictionsPredictions

Communication capabilities will continue growing Communication capabilities will continue growing exponentially. exponentially.

The youth of today are used to being connected The youth of today are used to being connected routinely, by picture as well as voice, with people routinely, by picture as well as voice, with people living thousands of miles away. This will increase a living thousands of miles away. This will increase a sense of familiarity and friendship where there may sense of familiarity and friendship where there may have initially been no grounds for trust. have initially been no grounds for trust.

Technology will allow for faster communication with Technology will allow for faster communication with exchanges that are closer and closer to real time—exchanges that are closer and closer to real time—nearly instantaneous action—that can abet criminal nearly instantaneous action—that can abet criminal intent. intent.

Communications: ChallengesCommunications: Challenges

People may not be able to tell the true People may not be able to tell the true intentions of all with whom they intentions of all with whom they communicate. communicate.

Links between criminals across national Links between criminals across national borders will grow. Networks of criminals will borders will grow. Networks of criminals will become larger, less detectable, and harder to become larger, less detectable, and harder to stop. stop.

Communications: Challenges Communications: Challenges (continued)(continued)

Technology—whether used for productive or Technology—whether used for productive or destructive purposes—crosses national borders destructive purposes—crosses national borders while our law enforcement and legal systems while our law enforcement and legal systems are largely restricted by national borders.are largely restricted by national borders.

Law enforcement agencies, both nationally Law enforcement agencies, both nationally and internationally, will struggle to reduce and internationally, will struggle to reduce technical, legal, and administrative barriers to technical, legal, and administrative barriers to information sharing; barriers that do not information sharing; barriers that do not hamper criminal opportunity. hamper criminal opportunity.

Communications Technology: Communications Technology: RecommendationsRecommendations

Develop strategies that help youth understand Develop strategies that help youth understand the risks and learn to apply a healthy level of the risks and learn to apply a healthy level of skepticism when communicating skepticism when communicating instantaneously. instantaneously.

Identify and teach youth, adults, and seniors Identify and teach youth, adults, and seniors preventive strategies against stalking, bullying, preventive strategies against stalking, bullying, fraud, and other predatory behaviors that draw fraud, and other predatory behaviors that draw increasingly on electronic communications increasingly on electronic communications technology.technology.

Data Technology:Data Technology:PredictionsPredictions

Information will be concentrated in more Information will be concentrated in more places.places.• FinancialFinancial• Identification Identification • MedicalMedical• EmploymentEmployment

Links will be established across information Links will be established across information sources. sources.

Economic resources will be electronically Economic resources will be electronically accessible.accessible.

Data Technology:Data Technology:Predictions Predictions (continued)(continued)

Less direct personal contact in business and finance Less direct personal contact in business and finance equals more room for deception as well as for equals more room for deception as well as for misunderstanding. The cost of greater efficiency is misunderstanding. The cost of greater efficiency is loss of personal connection.loss of personal connection.

The technological race between criminals and law The technological race between criminals and law enforcement will continue and even accelerate.enforcement will continue and even accelerate.

Every computer user, at home or in the workplace, Every computer user, at home or in the workplace, will be faced with an ever-growing number of patches will be faced with an ever-growing number of patches and upgrades to protect systems. and upgrades to protect systems.

Data Technology: ChallengesData Technology: Challenges

Innovations will be implemented faster than people Innovations will be implemented faster than people can master the changes. Many computer users caught can master the changes. Many computer users caught unaware can be duped through these innovations. unaware can be duped through these innovations.

Innovation can create room for criminal creativity as Innovation can create room for criminal creativity as well, changing and increasing the risk of crime.well, changing and increasing the risk of crime.

Generations differ in their degree of comfort with Generations differ in their degree of comfort with technological innovation. They will experience technological innovation. They will experience different risks and need different prevention different risks and need different prevention techniques. techniques.

Data Technology: Data Technology: Recommendations Recommendations

Tailor approaches based on the vulnerabilities of Tailor approaches based on the vulnerabilities of different groups: older, younger, more and less different groups: older, younger, more and less experienced, etc.experienced, etc.

Educate people on how to protect themselves using a Educate people on how to protect themselves using a combination of technology-based safeguards and combination of technology-based safeguards and behavior. behavior.

Encourage industry to help bridge technology and Encourage industry to help bridge technology and behavior in prevention strategies, building prevention behavior in prevention strategies, building prevention into innovation of software and hardware.into innovation of software and hardware.

Older Older PopulationsPopulationsPredictionsPredictions

Older Populations:Older Populations:PredictionsPredictions

People will live longer.People will live longer. There will be a larger population of older There will be a larger population of older

people: the baby boomers. people: the baby boomers. People will be productive into older ages, People will be productive into older ages,

whether traveling or with “hobby jobs.”whether traveling or with “hobby jobs.” Wealth will be much more concentrated in Wealth will be much more concentrated in

older age groups. older age groups. Individual retirees, not employer pension Individual retirees, not employer pension

funds, will be responsible for managing the funds, will be responsible for managing the significant majority of retirement assets. significant majority of retirement assets.

Older Populations:Older Populations:ChallengesChallenges

Older people are less likely to keep up with Older people are less likely to keep up with innovations in technology.innovations in technology.

Older people are more vulnerable to economic Older people are more vulnerable to economic crime. Most will control their own retirement crime. Most will control their own retirement assets, yet may lack technological skills.assets, yet may lack technological skills.

Many in this age group will need crime Many in this age group will need crime prevention strategies that take into account prevention strategies that take into account various impairments. various impairments.

Older Populations: Older Populations: RecommendationsRecommendations

Develop crime prevention strategies that effectively Develop crime prevention strategies that effectively link older people’s experiences and the steps link older people’s experiences and the steps necessary to prevent crime in new conditions. necessary to prevent crime in new conditions.

Develop behavioral, technological, and hardware Develop behavioral, technological, and hardware crime prevention techniques that work together to crime prevention techniques that work together to help reduce vulnerabilities, with special attention to help reduce vulnerabilities, with special attention to the needs of those with impairments. the needs of those with impairments.

Because travel and activity are likely to be part of Because travel and activity are likely to be part of older people’s lifestyles, teach crime prevention older people’s lifestyles, teach crime prevention techniques accordingly. techniques accordingly.

Generation Gaps in KnowledgeGeneration Gaps in Knowledge

Generation Gaps in Knowledge:Generation Gaps in Knowledge:PredictionsPredictions

Crime prevention differs for children, youth, Crime prevention differs for children, youth, and adults.and adults.

People frequently don’t teach these skills to People frequently don’t teach these skills to their children or incorporate them into their their children or incorporate them into their new life situations. new life situations.

Each generation needs to be taught anew at Each generation needs to be taught anew at each stage. each stage.

Generation Gaps in Knowledge:Generation Gaps in Knowledge:ChallengesChallenges

It is hard to predict precisely how future trends It is hard to predict precisely how future trends will affect crime prevention strategies for will affect crime prevention strategies for different life stages, but we can be sure that different life stages, but we can be sure that they will. they will.

It is not clear how often people need to be It is not clear how often people need to be reminded or reeducated about different reminded or reeducated about different prevention strategies. prevention strategies.

Generation Gaps in Knowledge:Generation Gaps in Knowledge:RecommendationsRecommendations

We must persist in renewing crime prevention We must persist in renewing crime prevention education for each age group. education for each age group.

We need to assess new crime and crime We need to assess new crime and crime prevention trends as they apply to each age prevention trends as they apply to each age group. group.

We should create intergenerational crime We should create intergenerational crime prevention strategies that engage people in prevention strategies that engage people in teaching each other.teaching each other.

Crime Prevention ToolsCrime Prevention Toolsand Benefitsand Benefits

10 Action Principles of Crime 10 Action Principles of Crime PreventionPrevention

The 10 Principles of Crime The 10 Principles of Crime Prevention set forth by the Crime Prevention set forth by the Crime Prevention Coalition of America Prevention Coalition of America inin Engaging the Power of Engaging the Power of Prevention Prevention (2005)(2005) provide provide guidance to everyone about how guidance to everyone about how to build and sustain crime to build and sustain crime prevention programs and prevention programs and strategies. strategies.

The 10 Action Principles of The 10 Action Principles of Crime PreventionCrime Prevention

1.1. Everyone’s businessEveryone’s business

2.2. More than securityMore than security

3.3. A responsibility of all levels of governmentA responsibility of all levels of government

4.4. Linked with solving social problemsLinked with solving social problems

5.5. Cost-effectiveCost-effective

Preventing Crime Is

10 Action Principles 10 Action Principles (continued)(continued)

6.6. A central role in law enforcement A central role in law enforcement

7.7. Cooperation and collaboration by all elements Cooperation and collaboration by all elements of the communityof the community

8.8. EducationEducation

9.9. Tailoring to local needs and conditionsTailoring to local needs and conditions

10.10. Continual evaluation and improvementContinual evaluation and improvement

Preventing Crime Requires

Crime Prevention ImprovesCrime Prevention ImprovesThe Quality of Life for EveryThe Quality of Life for Every

CommunityCommunity

Building on ExperienceBuilding on Experience

A look at achievements in crime prevention A look at achievements in crime prevention will help us update crime prevention will help us update crime prevention strategies for the future. strategies for the future.

““We can chart our future clearly and wisely We can chart our future clearly and wisely only when we know the path only when we know the path which has led to the present.”which has led to the present.”

——Adlai StevensonAdlai Stevenson

The 1970s The 1970s

Crime prevention is seen by the public as the Crime prevention is seen by the public as the responsibility of police. responsibility of police.

The concept of citizen action to reduce crime The concept of citizen action to reduce crime emerges from law enforcement assistance emerges from law enforcement assistance administration-sponsored programs.administration-sponsored programs.

Neighborhood Watch is born.Neighborhood Watch is born.

The 1980sThe 1980s

Major DevelopmentsMajor Developments• Crime Prevention Coalition of AmericaCrime Prevention Coalition of America

• McGruff the Crime Dog®McGruff the Crime Dog®

• National Citizens’ Crime Prevention CampaignNational Citizens’ Crime Prevention Campaign

The role of youth in crime prevention is The role of youth in crime prevention is recognized and engaged.recognized and engaged.

Comprehensive action-focused community Comprehensive action-focused community planning emerges.planning emerges.

The 1990sThe 1990s

Crime Prevention Coalition of America publishes the Crime Prevention Coalition of America publishes the 10 Action Principles of Crime Prevention.10 Action Principles of Crime Prevention.

Violence prevention programs proliferate in response Violence prevention programs proliferate in response to a rise in youth crime.to a rise in youth crime.

The costs of crime are more thoroughly documented.The costs of crime are more thoroughly documented. Comprehensive fact-based prevention approaches Comprehensive fact-based prevention approaches

gain momentum.gain momentum. School safety becomes a major issue.School safety becomes a major issue.

Today, Our Base Is StrongToday, Our Base Is Strong

Communities are safer than in the 1970s. Communities are safer than in the 1970s. People see themselves as having an important role in People see themselves as having an important role in

making their communities safer.making their communities safer. Crime prevention has a wider foundation than just Crime prevention has a wider foundation than just

law enforcement.law enforcement. The CPCA, NCPC, and McGruff continue to provide The CPCA, NCPC, and McGruff continue to provide

focus and resources.focus and resources. The Bureau of Justice Assistance (U.S. Department of The Bureau of Justice Assistance (U.S. Department of

Justice) is actively engaged in enhancing the capacity Justice) is actively engaged in enhancing the capacity of crime prevention organizations to meet the of crime prevention organizations to meet the challenges of the future. challenges of the future.

Opportunities for Crime Prevention Opportunities for Crime Prevention in the 21in the 21stst Century Century

Build worldwide links to strengthen Build worldwide links to strengthen prevention. prevention.

Make new communications technology Make new communications technology effective in teaching crime prevention. effective in teaching crime prevention.

Incorporate prevention in new technologies.Incorporate prevention in new technologies. Enlist the new generation in crime Enlist the new generation in crime

prevention. prevention. Strengthen and institutionalize crime Strengthen and institutionalize crime

prevention.prevention.

Hold on, just a minute!Hold on, just a minute!

The Future Just ChangedThe Future Just Changed

The future is not guaranteed.The future is not guaranteed. We can predict but not promise.We can predict but not promise. Prediction helps us think about the future, Prediction helps us think about the future,

which helps us prepare for change, whatever it which helps us prepare for change, whatever it may look like.may look like.

The best advice is to stay alert, stay up-to-date, The best advice is to stay alert, stay up-to-date, stay flexible, stay committed—and stay safe!stay flexible, stay committed—and stay safe!

Questions and AnswersQuestions and Answers

ResourcesResources

www.ncpc.orgwww.ncpc.organdandwww.mcgruffstore.orgwww.mcgruffstore.org

ResourceResource

Engaging the Power of Prevention: 10 Action Principles10 Action Principles

National Crime Prevention Council National Crime Prevention Council www.ncpc.orgwww.ncpc.org

Federal Government ResourcesFederal Government Resources

Bureau Of Justice StatisticsBureau Of Justice Statisticswww.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjswww.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs

Federal Bureau of InvestigationsFederal Bureau of Investigationswww.fbi.govwww.fbi.gov

U.S. Census BureauU.S. Census Bureauwww.census.govwww.census.gov

Crime Analysis ResourcesCrime Analysis Resources

International Association of Law Enforcement International Association of Law Enforcement Intelligence AnalysisIntelligence Analysiswww.ialeia.orgwww.ialeia.org

The National Crime Prevention The National Crime Prevention CouncilCouncil

2345 Crystal Drive2345 Crystal Drive

Suite 500Suite 500

Arlington, VA 22202Arlington, VA 22202

202-466-6272202-466-6272

FAX 202-296-1356FAX 202-296-1356

www.ncpc.orgwww.ncpc.org

Presenter Contact InformationPresenter Contact Information

Crime and Prevention Trends National Crime Prevention Council 2007–2008.

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