Copyright in a New Light

Tools of Change for Publishing

Bill Burger

February 11, 2008

Copyright then . . .

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Copyright now . . .

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Backers of stronger copyrightlaws form lobby groupBy Anne Broache

Staff Writer, CNET News.com

Viacom suit may reshape copyright lawMedia giant says Google infringes ‘on a massive scale’By Elise AckermanMercury News

Google targeting all the world’s content and all your informationPosted by Donna Bogatin @ 1:03 pm

Make Way for Copyright Chaos By LAWRENCE LESSIGPublished: March 18, 2007

These are contentious times

In Response to AAP Concerns, Cornell IssuesNew Guidelines on Electronic Reserves

Music group joins YouTube copyright lawsuitPublishers worry songwriters won't get compensated for videosupdated 6:53 p.m. ET, Mon., Aug. 6, 2007

Second Life gets its first copyright law suitOUT-LAW News, 17/07/2007

RIAA sues 405 students for file-sharing

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Disruptive change

► Explosion of Internet use and content creation 1.2 billion Internet users worldwide (up from 48 million in 1996) Creation and use of content is exploding

• 161 exabytes of digital content created and copied in 2006• Equal to 3 million times all the books ever written• IDC estimate for 2010: 988 exabytes

Today it takes 5 years to read the new scientific material produced every 24 hours

► Increasing pace of technological and business innovation Easy-to-use software tools for creation and participation Cost of copying and distribution is near zero Increasing bandwidth Growth of ad-supported business models

► Content and software now are inextricably linked through tools of value-added distribution and knowledge discovery

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Content comes in many new forms

“Impossible in theory; possible in practice”

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Encyclopedia Britannica

► 1989: $650 million revenue

► 1991: Total encyclopedia market: $1.2B

► 1993: Microsoft launches Encarta

► 1994: EB launches Britannica Online

► 1995: $450M revenue

► 1996: $325M revenue; company sold below book value (est. $135M) New owner abandons door-to-door sales model

► 2001: Wikipedia launched

► 2003: Britannica company eliminates 401(k) plan

► 2007: $50 million revenue (estimate)

Other media are feeling the pinch

9Source: RIAA

Travel books sold in 2007: 14.8M

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The future of travel publishing?

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The future of travel publishing?

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Or just another book publisher?

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Encyclopedia of Life

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High-quality information - for free

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Community-based “publishing”

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News aggregation 2.0

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News aggregation 2.0

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Control in the hands of the user

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The Age of Participation

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Rethinking what it means to create

"No man but a blockhead

ever wrote, except for money.”

-- Samuel Johnson

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The rise of a new creative class

Google Knol (a unit of knowledge)

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New attitudes toward copyright

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A clash of cultures

Viacom Sues Google, YouTube for $1 Billion Over Copyrighted Material on the WebWednesday, March 14, 2007

Unfortunately, many interesting new web applications infringe on the rights of some other stakeholder

Publishing’s first revolution

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Means of Production& Distribution

Content

Gutenberg

1,000+ printers in Europe

The emergence of the publishing

industry

Publishing’s second revolution

Industrial Revolution

Means of Production& Distribution

Content

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43 U.S. Newspapers

2500 U.S. Newspapers

11,000 U.S. Newspapers

The third revolution is underway

The Web

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Means of Production& Distribution

Content

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Industrial Revolution

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Future shock: 2010? 2015? 2020?

► All content is digital and access is ubiquitous and assumed

► Licensing is pervasive, but transparent

► Content appears to be free to the end user

► The content experience is personalized

► New tools and technology will continue to disrupt the status quo

► Collaborative publishing models will be common

► Documents will become “living” expressions of the author’s work

► People value tools as much as content

► Participation and collaboration are central to our content experience

► Tension between content and distribution will continue

Gutenberg

Industrial Revolution

The Web

Thanks

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Bill BurgerCopyright Clearance Centerbburger@copyright.com