Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

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Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges

L. Shafai

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba CANADA, R3T 5V6

Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

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Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

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Building Runway for CBC

Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

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Warming of the North?

Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

Outline of Presentation:

- Communication Systems and Types (Northern challenges )

- Effect on Personal Connectivity (Quality of life )

- Business Opportunity

(Wealth and prosperity)

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Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

Communication Types and Systems Global Scale

1 – Satellite Systems, Global Base

(Low cost – wideband, if bandwidth available) 2 – Wireless systems, Community Base

(Low Cost – wideband if connected globally) 3 – Cable System Community Base

(Medium Cost – Wideband, if connected globally) 4 – Optical fiber systems, Network Base

(High Cost – Ultra Wideband, if connected Globally)

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Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

Satellite Communication and Satellite Systems

Geostationary Satellites (Aniks)

Low Earth Orbit satellites

(Iridium)

Polar satellites (Molniya)

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Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

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Geostationary satellite

Over equator at 40,000 km from Canadian north

Large signal delay

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Polar satellites Global network Short distance Small signal delay

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Molniya Satellites ideal for Canadian North for Communications and

surveillance

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RADARSAT Constellation a

significant Resource for

observation, and an indirect

communication

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Satellite Advantage Anytime, Anyplace, reasonable cost

Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

Satellite Communication and Satellite Systems

Geostationary Satellites ( 3 Anik Satellites, Telesat Canada)

Low Earth Orbit satellites (Iridium)

Polar satellites

(Molniya)

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Canadian North from Anik F1 Satellite With diminishing signal at North, requires increasingly larger antennas

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Anik F2 C-Band Beam With broader beam over North for better coverage

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Thank You

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Telesat at Iqaluit, Nunaut

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Community Service provider

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SSI Micro's QINIQ network coverage Area. Since 2005 provides All 25 Nunavut Communities with broadband Internet services, using Community Service Providers, CSPs.

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SSI Micro's AirWare network coverage Area. Since 2006 provides 30 Communities in the Northwest Territories with broadband Internet services, using community service providers, CSPs.

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Northwestel Operating Map

All three Territories

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Northern Communication Challenges

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Molniya Satellites for Improved Satellite coverage for

Communications, Surveillance, Weather and Navigation

CSA PCW

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Optical Fiber Networks

Ultra Wideband

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Optical Fiber network In Yukon

And future Expansions

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Mackenzie Valley Fiber Optic Project $82 Million-1,154 km Jan 2015

Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

Nunavut Link Currently Satellite Future Fiber Plane Cost 24 Communities = $1.1 Billion

3 Com. (Iqaluit, Cambridge bay, Rankin inlet) = $342

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Energy Issues

1 – High Fuel cost

Alternatives to fuel

2 – Solar Energy 3 – Wind Energy 4 – Geothermal

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Solar map of Canada

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Wind speed Across Canada, Aboriginal affairs & Northern Development Canada

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Canada Area 9,984,670 km2 Population 35,675,834 GDP C$1,800 Billion Nunavut Area 2,038,722 km2 Population 34,028 GDP C$2 Billion NWT Area 1,346,106 km2 Population 43,407 GDP $C4.8 Billion Yukon Area 482,443 km2 Population 36,304 GDP C$2.7 Billion

Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

Canadian Arctic Area: 3,716,468 km2

Population = 100,000 75 Isolated Communities

India

Area: 3,287,590 km2 = 0.88 area of Arctic population : 1,270,000,000 = 12,700 pop of Arctic 645,000 Dense communities

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Canadian Arctic VS India A – comparison

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Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

Canadian Arctic Area 3,716,468 km2

Population 100,000 GDP $10 Billion Managed by Ottawa

USA

Area 9,857,306 km2 = 2.65 area of Arctic population 320,206,000 = 3,200 pop of Arctic GDP $17 Trillion Managed by States

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Canadian Arctic VS USA A – comparison

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Life in North

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Territorial Economy – VS – Provincial Economy Wealth management by Ottawa VS Provinces

Difficulties with Modern Technologies

Dog Sled – Snow mobile Communication Technology to the rescue

Tele-medicine – Tele-education – done Virtual Businesses Ideal for the North if Connected globally Using Amazon Ebay Examples (Nygard, Spectrawork, Vidacom)

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Northern Communication Challenges

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Problems and limitations (solutions)

Cost (MTS 5Mbps @ $45.5 – SSI Micro 0.7Mbps @ $400) Bandwidth (Fibers – Access to Right Satellite) Reliability (Power outage, Connection Failure) Skilled user (Need for Education) Skilled personnel (Small Population Base) Technology Advancement (Hardware Change – Cost)

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Thank You

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