Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges · Communication Infrastructure, Technical...

Warming of the North, Ottawa, March 3, 2015

Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges L. Shafai

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Communication Infrastructure, Technical Challenges

L. Shafai

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba CANADA, R3T 5V6



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Building Runway for CBC



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Warming of the North?



Outline of Presentation:

- Communication Systems and Types (Northern challenges )

- Effect on Personal Connectivity (Quality of life )

- Business Opportunity

(Wealth and prosperity)

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Communication Types and Systems Global Scale

1 – Satellite Systems, Global Base

(Low cost – wideband, if bandwidth available) 2 – Wireless systems, Community Base

(Low Cost – wideband if connected globally) 3 – Cable System Community Base

(Medium Cost – Wideband, if connected globally) 4 – Optical fiber systems, Network Base

(High Cost – Ultra Wideband, if connected Globally)

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Satellite Communication and Satellite Systems

Geostationary Satellites (Aniks)

Low Earth Orbit satellites

(Iridium)

Polar satellites (Molniya)

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Geostationary satellite

Over equator at 40,000 km from Canadian north

Large signal delay



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Polar satellites Global network Short distance Small signal delay



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Molniya Satellites ideal for Canadian North for Communications and

surveillance



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RADARSAT Constellation a

significant Resource for

observation, and an indirect

communication



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Satellite Advantage Anytime, Anyplace, reasonable cost



Satellite Communication and Satellite Systems

Geostationary Satellites ( 3 Anik Satellites, Telesat Canada)

Low Earth Orbit satellites (Iridium)

Polar satellites

(Molniya)

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Canadian North from Anik F1 Satellite With diminishing signal at North, requires increasingly larger antennas



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Anik F2 C-Band Beam With broader beam over North for better coverage



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Thank You



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Telesat at Iqaluit, Nunaut



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Community Service provider



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SSI Micro's QINIQ network coverage Area. Since 2005 provides All 25 Nunavut Communities with broadband Internet services, using Community Service Providers, CSPs.



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SSI Micro's AirWare network coverage Area. Since 2006 provides 30 Communities in the Northwest Territories with broadband Internet services, using community service providers, CSPs.



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Northwestel Operating Map

All three Territories



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Northern Communication Challenges



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Molniya Satellites for Improved Satellite coverage for

Communications, Surveillance, Weather and Navigation

CSA PCW



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Optical Fiber Networks

Ultra Wideband



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Optical Fiber network In Yukon

And future Expansions



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Mackenzie Valley Fiber Optic Project $82 Million-1,154 km Jan 2015



Nunavut Link Currently Satellite Future Fiber Plane Cost 24 Communities = $1.1 Billion

3 Com. (Iqaluit, Cambridge bay, Rankin inlet) = $342

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Energy Issues

1 – High Fuel cost

Alternatives to fuel

2 – Solar Energy 3 – Wind Energy 4 – Geothermal

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Solar map of Canada



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Wind speed Across Canada, Aboriginal affairs & Northern Development Canada



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Canada Area 9,984,670 km2 Population 35,675,834 GDP C$1,800 Billion Nunavut Area 2,038,722 km2 Population 34,028 GDP C$2 Billion NWT Area 1,346,106 km2 Population 43,407 GDP $C4.8 Billion Yukon Area 482,443 km2 Population 36,304 GDP C$2.7 Billion



Canadian Arctic Area: 3,716,468 km2

Population = 100,000 75 Isolated Communities

India

Area: 3,287,590 km2 = 0.88 area of Arctic population : 1,270,000,000 = 12,700 pop of Arctic 645,000 Dense communities

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Canadian Arctic VS India A – comparison



Canadian Arctic Area 3,716,468 km2

Population 100,000 GDP $10 Billion Managed by Ottawa

USA

Area 9,857,306 km2 = 2.65 area of Arctic population 320,206,000 = 3,200 pop of Arctic GDP $17 Trillion Managed by States

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Canadian Arctic VS USA A – comparison



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Life in North



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Territorial Economy – VS – Provincial Economy Wealth management by Ottawa VS Provinces

Difficulties with Modern Technologies

Dog Sled – Snow mobile Communication Technology to the rescue

Tele-medicine – Tele-education – done Virtual Businesses Ideal for the North if Connected globally Using Amazon Ebay Examples (Nygard, Spectrawork, Vidacom)



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Northern Communication Challenges



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Problems and limitations (solutions)

Cost (MTS 5Mbps @ $45.5 – SSI Micro 0.7Mbps @ $400) Bandwidth (Fibers – Access to Right Satellite) Reliability (Power outage, Connection Failure) Skilled user (Need for Education) Skilled personnel (Small Population Base) Technology Advancement (Hardware Change – Cost)



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Thank You



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