Post on 15-Dec-2015
Cogeneration Cogeneration FacilityFacility
The University of North Carolina at Chapel HillThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Cogeneration SystemsCogeneration Systems
Energy Services DepartmentEnergy Services Department
Phil Barner- Cogeneration Systems ManagerPhil Barner- Cogeneration Systems Manager
Ray DuBose – Director, Energy ServicesRay DuBose – Director, Energy Services
Joshua Walker Gore (1852-1908) and Gore Building at Cogeneration Facility
This building bears the name of Joshua W. Gore, a science and engineering professor at Carolina.
1978
2005
District Energy SystemDistrict Energy System
Campus Steam DistributionCampus Steam Distribution
Cogeneration or CHPCogeneration or CHP
( Combined Heat and Power )( Combined Heat and Power )
Simultaneous production of Simultaneous production of electricity and steamelectricity and steam
High thermal efficiencyHigh thermal efficiency Low environmental impactLow environmental impact
U.S. Average Generating EfficienciesU.S. Average Generating Efficiencies100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%
UNC Cogen •
UNC-CH CogenerationUNC-CH Cogeneration
Turbine Generator
Boilers
Steam
HeatingCoolingHot WaterSterilizationCooking/Dishwashing
Electricity
Coal Water
Air
150 psi 40 psi
Condenser
Generator Dispatch Generator Dispatch
Price
Total UNC Load
UNC Generated kW
Duke Purchased kW
Circulating Fluidized Circulating Fluidized Bed CombustionBed Combustion
Clean coal technologyClean coal technology
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) -- Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) --
furnace temperaturefurnace temperature
Sulfur dioxide (SOSulfur dioxide (SO22) --) --
sorbentsorbent
NSPS 40CFR60, Subpart DbNSPS 40CFR60, Subpart Db
SOSO22
90% reduction90% reduction 1.2 lbs/MMBtu1.2 lbs/MMBtu
NOxNOx 0.6 lbs/MMBtu0.6 lbs/MMBtu
OpacityOpacity 20%20%
ParticulateParticulate 0.5 lbs/MMBtu0.5 lbs/MMBtu
SOSO22
92% reduction92% reduction 0.2 lbs/MMBtu0.2 lbs/MMBtu
NOxNOx 0.4 lbs/MMBtu0.4 lbs/MMBtu
OpacityOpacity 3%3%
ParticulateParticulate 0.01 lbs/MMBtu0.01 lbs/MMBtu
Permit LimitsPermit Limits Typical OperationTypical Operation
New Boiler MACT PermitNew Boiler MACT Permit
Permit LimitsPermit Limits Typical OperationTypical Operation
MercuryMercury 0.000 003 0.000 003
lbs/MMBtulbs/MMBtu HClHCl
435 lb/hr435 lb/hr
MercuryMercury 0.000 000 75 0.000 000 75
lbs/MMBtulbs/MMBtu HClHCl
4.4 lbs/hr4.4 lbs/hr
UNC Cogen CFB System
Prologue to the Future:Prologue to the Future:UNC Climate Action Plan and CogenUNC Climate Action Plan and Cogen
Climate Action Plan Published Climate Action Plan Published September 2009September 2009
Two Cogen Projects over next 5 Two Cogen Projects over next 5 years:years: Landfill Gas to EnergyLandfill Gas to Energy Biomass Co-firing at CogenBiomass Co-firing at Cogen
Cogen and UNC’s Climate Action PlanCogen and UNC’s Climate Action Plan
Near Term ImpactNear Term Impact
PROPOSED LANDFILL GAS PIPE ROUTINGPROPOSED LANDFILL GAS PIPE ROUTING
PROJECT BENEFITSPROJECT BENEFITS Reduction in greenhouse Reduction in greenhouse
gas emissions gas emissions Methane destructionMethane destruction
The emissions reduction The emissions reduction attributable to this project attributable to this project are equivalent to: are equivalent to:
Removing the emissions of Removing the emissions of 7,860 automobiles 7,860 automobiles
oror Planting 9,750 acres of forestPlanting 9,750 acres of forest
PROJECT BENEFITSPROJECT BENEFITS Cost savings from avoided Cost savings from avoided
purchased powerpurchased power
Makes beneficial use of Makes beneficial use of otherwise wasted gasotherwise wasted gas
LFG project alone would LFG project alone would make Carolina North make Carolina North carbon neutral for 12 to 15 carbon neutral for 12 to 15 years.years.
Biomass Cofiring in Biomass Cofiring in CFBs: IssuesCFBs: Issues Fuel Supply Chain and CostFuel Supply Chain and Cost Front End Fuel HandlingFront End Fuel Handling
StorageStorage Feed SystemsFeed Systems
Impact on Combustion and Heat Impact on Combustion and Heat Transfer SurfaceTransfer Surface
Baghouse ImpactsBaghouse Impacts Ash Disposal ImpactsAsh Disposal Impacts Amount of Carbon ReductionAmount of Carbon Reduction
Biomass Cofiring in Biomass Cofiring in CFBs: PlansCFBs: Plans Test Protocols – March 2010Test Protocols – March 2010 Dried Wood Pellets Tests – Spring Dried Wood Pellets Tests – Spring
20102010 Torrified Wood Tests – Fall to Torrified Wood Tests – Fall to
Winter 2010/2011Winter 2010/2011 Evaluation and Implementation Evaluation and Implementation
Plan Development – 2010/2011Plan Development – 2010/2011 Burn 2012 - ? (Fuel Supply Chain Burn 2012 - ? (Fuel Supply Chain
and Extent of Required Mods)and Extent of Required Mods)