Chapter 8: Political Parties

Chapter 8: Political Parties

Objectives:• Explain essential characteristics of political

system of the United States, including the organization and function of political parties and the process of selecting political leaders.

Essential Question:• How do citizens, both individually and

collectively, influence government policy?

Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties

Vocabulary:1. Political party2. Two-party system3. Stress4. Promote 5. Third party6. Platform

• Link Video: Electing the President: Media and the Presidency

Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties

Party Position on Issues

As you read p. 248-253 complete the graphic organizer to identify the major political parties in the U.S. and their position on a number of issues.

Political Parties are organizations of individuals with broad common

interests

Two-Party System government that has two major political parties

The US is considered a two-party system because they have won most of the elections

to government offices.

Alexander Hamilton, leader of the Federalist Party, believed in a strong

national government.

Thomas Jefferson, leader of the Democratic-Republican Party, believed that strong state governments would protect individual rights better than a strong national government because states are closer to the citizens.

favored limited powers for the national government

Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties

• Federalist party lost support and faded away.• By 1828 Democratic-Republican Party split-

Democratic Party supported JacksonNational Republican opposed Jackson

Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties

• Whig Party tried to win support by proposing internal improvements – road and canals

• Avoided controversial issue of slavery.

Party created in 1854 by people who were opposed to slavery, breakaway group of

Democrats and Whigs

Abraham Lincoln first Republican ever elected President

Ross Perot led the Reform Party in the 1990s

Third Parties smaller, minor parties, never won a

presidential election

Third Parties• Populist Party in the 1890s called for Senators

to be elected by voters. They also favored an 8 hour work day. Wanted voters to have a more direct role in government

Third Parties

• Ralph Nader run as the presidential candidate of the Green Party, which wants policies that favor the environment.

Single-Issue Party--Prohibition Party—ban the sale of alcohol

Third Parties

Third Parties

• Communist Party USA—believed that the government or workers should own all resources and businesses.

Most Democracies have more than two political parties.

DemocraciesMany democracies have multi-party systems. Canada has a 3 party system.

Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties

• France has more than eight

• Isreal has more than twenty.

One-Party Systems China has only one party—the communist

party. Elections arefor show. One party systems are not

democratic.

Democratic Party favor government support of housing, income, eduction and jobs for

the poor.

Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties

• The Northeast region of the United States has traditionally supported the Democratic party that believes the government should be more involved in regulating the economy.

Republican Party favor less government regulation on

economy.

Chapter 8-1: History of Political Parties

• Republican support is very strong in the South.

Platform series of statements describing a political party’s beliefs

and positions- Plank individual part of the platform

Chapter 8 Section 2

Political Parties Today

Chapter 8.2: Political Parties Today

Vocabulary:1. National committee2. Caucus3. Precinct4. adjacent5. Political machine6. Direct primary 7. Closed primary8. Open primary 9. Plurality10. majority

Chapter 8.2: Political Parties Today

• Link Video: Roosevelt Nominated to Fourth Term

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Chapter 8.2: Political Parties Today

• As you read p. 254-261 complete the graphic organizer to identify the roles of political parties.

Political Party Roles

A citizen does not need to belong to a political party in order to vote

in the United States.

Watchdog role of the party that is out of power; to check

action of party that is in power.

Congressional Campaign Committees help elect party members.

A certain number of qualified

voters must sign a petition to get a

third-party candidate’s name

on the ballot

Petition paper signed by voters

declaring support for a candidate; Any candidate may run for a

general election by submitting a

petition;

Party Supporter most likely to help make sure other party supporters

go to the polls on election day

Example Alabama

Open Primary voters do not need to declare

their party preference in order to vote for the party’s nominees

Plurality the most votes needed to win a primary election

Majority more than 50 percent of the total votes.

Example Florida

Closed Primary voters register with the party before a primary election, and vote in that party

they; prevents people from other parties from nominating a weak

candidate

example New York City’s Tammany Hall

Political Machines very strong local political organization, harmful for

the democratic process

Precinct Captain works at the local level to support a political party

State Political Committee focus on electing party candidates to state

position; the role of a party committee at the county level is to support party efforts at the local,

state, and national levels.

National Political Committee raise money for candidates; Presidential

National Convention delegates write a party’s platform

leads fund-raising efforts

Caucusmeeting of state and local party organizations, way some states choose presidential candidates

Chapter 9 Lesson 1

Bell RingerCopy questions and underline answers.

Chapter 9.1 Who Can Vote?

• Vocabulary 9.11. Principle 2. Suffrage3. Register4. Polling place5. Ballot6. Voter turnout rate7. apathy

Chapter 9.1 Who Can Vote?

• Video Link: Who Chooses to Vote and Why

Chapter 9.1 Who Can Vote?

• As you read p. 268-275 complete the flow chart on suffrage. Identify and explain who gaine the right to vote. Add additional boxes if necessary.

*Suffrage right to vote, Only white, male landowner were

allowed to vote in the early years of our nation reformers have fought to extend suffrage to

groups such as African Americans and women

*Fifteenth Amendment 1870 forbids denial of

right to vote based on race, many

Southern states passed laws to keep African

Americans from voting.

Nineteenth Amendment ratified in1920. Women first won the right to vote at the state

level. Alice Paul helped to draw attention to the issue of woman suffrage.

Twenty-third Amendment grants the residents of Washington, D.C. the right to

vote for president and vice president.

Twenty-fourth Amendment

prohibited the poll tax in national

elections.

Twenty-Sixth Amendment lowered the voting age to

18

Justice Department gained the right to sue to protect voting rights in certain

states with the Civil Rights Act of 1957.

Voting Rights Act

of 1965 outlawed literacy tests.

Congressional Act of 1924 citizenship for Native Americans

Chapter 9.1 Who Can Vote?

• As you read p. 272-275 create a chart that list the step in the voting process.1. Register to vote2. Become informed3. Cast a ballet

Registering first step in the voting

process, be able to

prove your age and

citizenship

National Voter Registration Act made it easier to register to vote.

Another name for the National Voter

Registration Act is the “Motor Voter” law

allowed drivers license to work for ID for Registering.

Precinct has one polling

place.

Absentee Ballot is a method of voting for

people who cannot go to the polls on Election Day In many states, people

who will be traveling on Election Day may vote by absentee ballot or early

voting.

Punch Card type of ballot.

Bilingual Ballots required by federal

law in certain areas of the

country.

President Lyndon B. Johnson called the right to vote

“the most powerful

instrument ever devised … for

breaking down injustice.”

Voter Turnout 52 out of 100 eligible people vote in an election, the voter turnout rate is 52

percent; One major reason people do

not vote is because they fail to register

Chapter 9.1 Who Can Vote?

Apathy: A lack of interest, about political participation and voting.

Bush v. Gore decided the outcome of the 2000 presidential election; Bush v. Gore, the

Supreme Court ordered the recounting of votes to stop.

Chapter 9.2: Elections and Campaigns

Chapter 9.2: Elections and Campaigns

• Vocabulary:1. Issue2. Initiative3. Referendum4. Recall 5. Electoral College6. Popular vote7. Winner-take-all system8. pursue9. Canvas10. Political action committee

Chapter 9.2: Elections and Campaigns

• Link Video: The Federal Government and the Electoral College

Chapter 9.2: Elections and Campaigns

• As you read p. 277-283 complete the table stating the purpose of different types of elections.

Types of ElectionsTypes of Elections Purpose

Electors cast electoral votes for

president and vice

president.