BLOOD adapted from www.biologycorner.com

Functions of Blood

• Transportation

• Defense against disease

.

Function: Transportation

• Blood transports oxygen from the respiratory system to each cell

• Blood transports nutrients from the digestive system to each cell

Function: Transportation

Blood carries waste from cells to excretory organs

carbon dioxide goes from cells to the lungs

Other waste products go to kidneys

Function: Defense against disease• White blood cells help to combat

disease

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KxTYyNEbVU4

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_mXDvZQ6dU

Function: Defense against disease

• Carries antibodies to fight disease

Blood and Blood CellsBlood is a type of CONNECTIVE TISSUE

It has two basic components:

• CELLS  (rbc, wbc, platelets)  = 45%

• Plasma (water, proteins, waste, carbon dioxide, oxygen, hormones, enzymes, etc)  = 55%

Three Types of Blood Cells

red blood cells (erythrocytes)

white blood cells (leukocytes)

platelets (thrombocytes)

Erythrocytes• Contain hemoglobin• Formed in red bone

marrow• Transport oxygen

and carbon dioxide

What do you suppose happens to your body when the erythrocyte count is too low?

Anemia

• What do you suppose happens to your body when the erythrocyte count is too high?

It is a myth that deoxygenated blood appears blue. 

The blood on the left is oxygenated, the right is deoxygenated blood (from a vein) Blood is never never blue.

Source:  Wikipedia Commons

WHITE BLOOD CELLS

(Leukocytes)●Formed in red bone marrow or in lymph

tissue

●Destroy invading organisms

• What do you suppose happens to your body when the leukocyte count is too low?

Difficult to fight infection

What do you suppose is happening to your body when the leukocyte count is high?

• You may be fighting an infection

• If the count is extremely high or low this can indicate leukemia

• There are FIVE different kinds of WBCs

Neutrophil

(nucleus has several lobes)

Active phagocytes

60% of WBC

Present in the pus of

wounds

BasophilProduces

Heparin and

Histamines

Important in

Inflammatory

Reaction

1% WBC

Eosinophil

Mainly

attack

parasites

2% WBC

Monocyte

(larger cell, horseshoe shaped nucleus)

Become

macro-

phages

Lymphocyte(nucleus is dark and takes up almost

whole cell; almost no cytoplasm seen)

Defense

against

invaders

Yield

Antibodies

30% WBC

Left: Lymphoctye | Right: Neutrophil

Platelets (thrombocytes)

• Tiny fragments of bone

marrow cells (not an

actual cell)• Help form blood clots

and help repair blood

vessels

• What do you suppose can happen to your body when thrombocyte count is too low?

Clotting is impaired

THROMBUS – blood clot (abnormal)

EMBOLUS – when the clot moves to another place.

 What is DVT?        Video:  Deep Vein Thrombosishttp://www.youtube.com/watch?src_vid=gGrDAGN5pC0&annotation_id=annotation_115462&feature=iv&v=uS1RGbW8UbQ  What is a Pulmonary Embolism?