Post on 06-Feb-2016
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Biology 680Major Groups of Vertebrates 2009 - PelycosauriaDr. Stuart S. Sumida
The Close Relatives of Pelycosaurs
Advanced Amphibian: e.g. SeymouriamorphaSeymouria sanjuanensis
Seymouriamorphs are amphibians:Retain an intertemporal bone (amniotes have lost them)
Parareptilia
Am
niota?
Eureptilia
Am
niota
Diadectomorpha
Synapsida
Mesosauridae
Bolosauridae
Pareiasauridae
Procolophonoidea
Captorhinidae
Protorothyrididae
Diapsida
Sumida: Origin of Amniotes, Fig. 1.
Diadectes
Orobates pabsti(Diadectomorph)
1 cm
Orobates pabsti (Diadectomorph)
Diadectomorpha:
•No intertemporal bone like other amniotes
•Feature of first and second vertebrae
•Very terrestrially adapted
Diadectomorpha:•No intertemporal bone like other amniotes•Feature of first and second vertebrae•Very terrestrially adapted
Diadectomorpha:
•No intertemporal bone like other amniotes
•Feature of first and second vertebrae
•Very terrestrially adapted
Parareptilia
Am
niota?
Eureptilia
Am
niota
Diadectomorpha
Synapsida
Mesosauridae
Bolosauridae
Pareiasauridae
Procolophonoidea
Captorhinidae
Protorothyrididae
Diapsida
Sumida: Origin of Amniotes, Fig. 1.
PARAREPTILIA Includes:
•Mesosauria•Bolosauridae•Procolophonia•Paraiesauria
Mesosaurus: A member of Mesosauria
Eudibamus reconstruction
Bradysaurus: A member of the Parieasauria
Parieasaurs have lumpy, bumpy skulls
Scutosaurus
Parareptilia
Am
niota?
Eureptilia
Am
niota
Diadectomorpha
Synapsida
Mesosauridae
Bolosauridae
Pareiasauridae
Procolophonoidea
Captorhinidae
Protorothyrididae
Diapsida
Sumida: Origin of Amniotes, Fig. 1.
Basal Captorhinid: Eocaptorhinus
Development of Large Size in Captorhinidae
At least twice.
1 cm
New taxon: (Albright, in prep) New, miniature, captorhinid with three rows of dentary and maxillary teeth.
1 cm
New taxon
Size Range in Captorhinid Reptiles
(All specimens collected by Everett C. Olson.)
1 cm
Parareptilia
Am
niota?
Eureptilia
Am
niota
Diadectomorpha
Synapsida
Mesosauridae
Bolosauridae
Pareiasauridae
Procolophonoidea
Captorhinidae
Protorothyrididae
Diapsida
Sumida: Origin of Amniotes, Fig. 1.
Basal Synapsida (“Pelycosauria”): A single opening on side of skull
an – angularart – articularbps – basiparasphenoidca – anterior coranoidco - coranoidd – dentaryec – ectopterygoideo - exoccipitalf – frontalj – jugall - lacrimalm - maxillan – nasalp – parietalpal - palatinepf – postfrontalpm – premaxillap - postparietalpra - prearticularprf – prefontalpt - pterygoidq – quadrateqj - quadratojugalsa – surangularsm – septomaxillaso – supraoccipitalsp - splenialsq – squamosalsta – stapesv - vomer
Eothyridid pleycosaurs
Oedaleops
Eothyris
an – angularart – articularbps – basiparasphenoidca – anterior coranoidco - coranoidd – dentaryec – ectopterygoideo - exoccipitalf – frontalj – jugall - lacrimalm - maxillan – nasalp – parietalpal - palatinepf – postfrontalpm – premaxillap - postparietalpra - prearticularprf – prefontalpt - pterygoidq – quadrateqj - quadratojugalsa – surangularsm – septomaxillaso – supraoccipitalsp - splenialsq – squamosalsta – stapesv - vomer
Haptodus
an – angularart – articularbps – basiparasphenoidca – anterior coranoidco - coranoidd – dentaryec – ectopterygoideo - exoccipitalf – frontalj – jugall - lacrimalm - maxillan – nasalp – parietalpal - palatinepf – postfrontalpm – premaxillap - postparietalpra - prearticularprf – prefontalpt - pterygoidq – quadrateqj - quadratojugalsa – surangularsm – septomaxillaso – supraoccipitalsp - splenialsq – squamosalsta – stapesv - vomer
Dimetrodon
an – angularart – articularbps – basiparasphenoidca – anterior coranoidco - coranoidd – dentaryec – ectopterygoideo - exoccipitalf – frontalj – jugall - lacrimalm - maxillan – nasalp – parietalpal - palatinepf – postfrontalpm – premaxillap - postparietalpra - prearticularprf – prefontalpt - pterygoidq – quadrateqj - quadratojugalsa – surangularsm – septomaxillaso – supraoccipitalsp - splenialsq – squamosalsta – stapesv - vomer