Transcript of Bài 43_Ankin_tranthihue_k38.201.040
- 1. Sinh vin thc hin: Trn Th HuGing vin hng dn: Ths.Thi Hoi
Minh.Trng i Hc S Phm Thnh Ph H ChMinh
- 2. KIM TRA BI CVit cng thc cu to cc ng phn caankadien c cng thc
phn t C5H8 v gi tnCH2= C= CH CH2 CH3 pent-1,2-ienCH2= CH CH = CH
CH3 pent-1,3-ienCH2= CH CH CH = CH2 pent-1,4-ienCH3 CH = C = CH CH3
pent-2,3-ienCH2= C =C CH3 3-metylbut-1,2-ienCH3CH2= C C = CH3
2-metylbut-1,3-ienCH3Ch ra u l ankadien linhp? Ti sao?Htgip n
- 3. I.ng ng, ng phn, danh php1. Dy ng ng ankin.HC CH CH3 C C
CH3CH3 C CH CH C CH2 CH3Ankin l nhng hidrocacbon mch h c 1 linkt ba
trong phn t.CnH2n-2 (n 2, vi 1 lin kt ba).
- 4. 2. ng phna. ng phn cu toCc ankin c s nguyn t Cacbon n 4
xuthin ng phn.CH C CH2 CH3CH3 C C CH3 ng phn v v tr lin kt ba.
- 5. CHCCH2CH2CH3CHCCHCH3CH3 Xut hin thm ng phn v mch cacbon.ng
phn v v tr lin kt baC1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 ..ng phn vmch
cacbon
- 6. b. ng phn lp th.Khc vi anken, cc ankin khng c ng
phncis-trans do c cu trc phng.
- 7. 3. Danh phpTn thng Tn thay thHC CH Axetilen EtinCH3 C CH
Metylaxetilen PropinCH C CH2 CH3 Etylaxetilen But-1-inCH3 C C CH3
Dimetylaxetilen But-2-inRt ra cch gi tn ankin theo danhphp thng
thng v danh php thayth?
- 8. a. Tn thng thng R-CC-RTn gc R, R + axetilenCc gc R, R c u
tin theo th t a,b,c . trong bngch ciV dCH3C CCH2CH3 Etyl metyl
axetilen
- 9. b. Tn thay th3-Metylbut-1-inS ch v tr-tnnhnhV dTn mch chnh S
ch v tr ni ba-in1 2 3 4CHCCHCH3CH3
- 10. 1 2 3 4 5CH3CCCHCH3CH35 4 3 2
1CH3CCCHCH3CH34-metylpent-2-in1 2 3 4 5CH 3 C C CH CH CH3CH2 CH2
CH3 CH36 7 84,5-imetyloct-2-in Mch chinh la mch Cacbon dai nht cha
niba anh s Cacbon t u gn ni ba nht
- 11. II. CU TOM hnh phnt axetilenH C C H 180 oBnKm bnKm bnd =
1,2 Ao
- 12. m in ca nguyn t Cacbon lai ha sp cao hncacbon lai ha sp2,
sp3 nn lin kt gia nguyn tCacbon ni ba vi nguyn t hidro tng i phn
cc. H gn vi cacbon mang lin kt ba rt linh ng.H C C HCH3 C C CH3CH3
C C H Ch co nhng Ankin co ni ba u mch (ank-1-in)mi co H linh
ng.
- 13. III. Tinh cht vt liTrng thi: iu kin thng cc ankin t C2n C4
l cht kh, cc ng ng cao hn lcht lng hoc cht rn.Ankin nh hn nc, khng
tan trong nc,tan trong cc dung mi hu c nh ete,benzen, axeton, .T0s,
T0nc, khi lng ring tng theo chiu tngca khi lng phn t.
- 14. IV. Tinh cht hoa hcKm bnC C BnKm bnPhnngcng laphnngctrngR
HD th bi ion kim loi H linh ng
- 15. b. Cng Br2
- 16. Axetilen lam mt mau dung dch Br2CH CHEtin 1,2-ibrometanCH
CHCH CH + Br Br1:1CH CH + 1:2 Br Br1,1,2,2-tetrebrometanEtin2Tng
quat:Ankin lm mt mu dung dch Brom
- 17. c. Cng Hiro CloruaCH CHCH CHCH CH + H ClHgCl2150-200oCCH CH
+ H Clhay CH2 CH-Clhay CH3-CHCl2EtinVinyl
clorua1,1-icloetanEtin2Giai on 1Giai on 2Phn ng cngtheo quy
tcMaccopnhicop
- 18. Chu y: cac Ankin cng HX ( X la Halogen, OH, ) tun theoquy
tc MaccopnhicopCH C CH3 + HClCH2=CCl_CH3+
HClCH2=CCl_CH3CH3-CCl2-CH3V d2-clopropen2,2-iclopropanTng qut:
CnH2n-2 + 2HCl CnH2nCl2
- 19. d. Cng H2OCH CHCH CH + OHHgSO4/H2SO4, 80OCH CH2 CH OHKhng
bnChuyn vCH3CHOandehyt axeticCH3 C CH + H2O HgSO4/H2SO4, 80OCCH3 C
= CH2OHKhng bnCH Chuyn v 3 C CH3OAxeton
- 20. e. Phn ng trung hpCHCHCuCl / NH4Cl100oCCH2=CHCCHCH=CH H CCH
Vinyl axetilenNh hpTam hpCHCHC ht600oCCHCHHCCHHCCH(C6H6)a hpCHCH23n
CH CH to, p, xtnCuprenBenzen
- 21. 2. Phn ng oxi hoaa. Phn ng oxi hoa hoan toanC2H2 + O2t02 5
4CO2+ 2H2OTng quatCn H2n-2 + O2t0CO2 + H2n (n-1) O(3n-1)2+Q
- 22. b. Phn ng oxi ha khng hon tonQuan st th nghim axetilen tc
dng vi dung dchthuc tm v rt ra nhn xt
- 23. Nhn xtAxetilen lm mt mu dung dch thuc tmKt lunAnkin lm mt
mu dung dch KMnO4 .Ankin b oxi ha lin kt ba to ra hnhp cc sn phm
phc tp, cn KMnO4b kh thnh MnO2 (kt ta mu nu en)
- 24. 3. Phn ng th bng ion kim loiQuan st hin tng th nghim
axetilen tc dng vidung dch AgNO3 /NH3Axetilen tcdng vidung
dchAgNO3/NH3to ra ktta muvng
- 25. HCCH + 2AgNO3 + 2NH3 AgCCAg + 2NH4NO3CHC-CH3 + AgNO3 +
NH3CH2=CH -CCH + AgNO3 + NH3CH3- CC- CH3 + AgNO3 + NH3Mu
vngAg-CC-CH3 + NH4NO3Xt 1 vi ankin khcCH2=CH -CCAg + NH4NO3
- 26. Nhn xt:Phn ng th vi ion kim loi ch xy ra khi ankin cni ba
CC u mch.Ch c axetilen thc hin th vi ion kim loi hai ln.Tng qut:R C
CH+AgNO3 + NH3R-CCAg + NH4NO3y l phn ng c trng phn bit:Ank-1-in vi
cc ankin khcEtilen vi axetilen.
- 27. V. IU CH1/ T Canxi cacbua(trong PTN)L inCaO + 3 CO CaC2 +
COCaC2 + 2H2O Ca(OH)2 + C2H22/ T metan(trong cng nghip)1500OC2 CH4
C2H2 + 3H2Lm lnhnhanh
- 28. VI. NG DNGT si tng hpAXETILENNguyn liu snxut cht doPVCTng
hp cc chthu c khc:andehit, axit, esten x hnct kim loi
- 29. Cng c ANKINGingAnkenPhn ngcngPhn ng oxihaTc nhni xngTc
nhnbt ixngTun theoquy tccng Mac-cop-nhi-copHon ton(t chy)Khng
hontonKhcAnkenCc Ank-1-in Phn ng th bi ion kimloiANKIN