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EIOD \argdml ^epjr [jrdjs

Essjssdml tcj Jxpjrdjmkj af[autc EsdeJest Esde Dmtjlretdamemi Dmides _a`j

Lemjscem \dlmerebe

Ma. 96:Fjoruery ?>59

Esdem Ijvj`aphjmt Oemg Dmstdtutj

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Ycj \argdml ^epjr sjrdjs ds e kamtdmuetdam af tcj farhjr`y mehji Idskussdam ^epjr sjrdjs7tcj muhojrdml af tcj pepjrs kamtdmuji wdtcaut dmtjrruptdam ar kcemlj. EIODs wargdmlpepjrs rjf`jkt dmdtde` dijes am e tapdk emi erj pastji am`dmj far idskussdam. EIOD jmkaureljsrjeijrs ta past tcjdr kahhjmts am tcj hedm pelj far jekc wargdml pepjr (ldvjm dm tcj

kdtetdam oj`aw). [ahj wargdml pepjrs hey ijvj`ap dmta atcjr farhs af puo`dketdam.

[ulljstji kdtetdam2

\dlmerebe, L. ?>59. Essjssdml tcj Jxpjrdjmkj af [autc EsdeJest Esde Dmtjlretdam emiDmides _a`j. EIOD \argdml ^epjr 96:. Yagya2 Esdem Ijvj`aphjmt Oemg Dmstdtutj. Eved`eo`j2cttp2//www.eiod.arl/wargdml-pepjr/?>59/>?/?:/653>.jxpjrdjmkj.sautc.esde.jest.esde.dmtjlretdam.dmide/

^`jesj kamtekt tcj eutcar far dmfarhetdam eoaut tcds pepjr.

J-hed`2 lwdlmerebeNeiod.arl

Lemjscem \dlmerebe ds Idrjktar af _jsjerkc, Esdem Ijvj`aphjmt Oemg Dmstdtutj (EIOD).Ycemgs erj iuj ta Hjmege Eruikcj`vem emi Bjmmy Oe`oae far jffdkdjmt rjsjerkcessdstemkj. Ycj vdjws jxprjssji cjrj erj sa`j`y hdmj emi mat ta oj ettrdoutji ta EIOD artcj Esdem Ijvj`aphjmt Oemg (EIO).

Ycj vdjws jxprjssji dm tcds pepjr erj tcj vdjws af tcj eutcar emi ia mat mjkjsserd`yrjf`jkt tcj vdjws ar pa`dkdjs af EIOD, EIO, dts Oaeri af Idrjktars, ar tcj lavjrmhjmtstcjy rjprjsjmt. EIOD iajs mat lueremtjj tcj ekkureky af tcj iete dmk`uiji dm tcds pepjremi ekkjpts ma rjspamsdod`dty far emy kamsjqujmkjs af tcjdr usj. Yjrhdma`aly usji heymat mjkjsserd`y oj kamsdstjmt wdtc EIO affdkde` tjrhs.

Esdem Ijvj`aphjmt Oemg DmstdtutjGesuhdlesjgd Oud`idml 3F

;-?-: Gesuhdlesjgd, Kcdyaie-guYagya 5>>-6>>3, Bepem

Yj`2 +35-;-;:4;-::>>Fex2 +35-;-;:4;-::59 Esdem Ijvj`aphjmt Oemg Dmstdtutj

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EIOD \argdml ^epjr 96: \dlmerebe

Kamtjmts

5. Dmtraiuktdam ..................................................................................................................... ;

?. _jldame` ^ettjrms af Yreij, Farjdlm Idrjkt Dmvjsthjmt, emi Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmts ..... ;

?.5 E [cdft dm _jldame` Dmtjlretdam ^rdardtdjs ......................................................... ;?.? _jldame` Yreij ^ettjrms ................................................................................ :?.; _jldame` Farjdlm Idrjkt Dmvjsthjmt ^ettjrms .................................................

;. Gjy Dhpjidhjmts ta em-Esdem Dmtjlretdam .................................................................... 55

;.5 Leps dm Krass-Oarijr Dmfrestrukturj............................................................. 55;.? E _dsg af Dmsuffdkdjmt Ijptc emi Ousdmjss Zsj af Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmts .. 5;;.; Yreij Oerrdjrs emi Kuhojrsahj Ousdmjss ^rakjiurjs............................... 5:

;.9 Oerrdjrs ta [jrvdkj Yreij ............................................................................. 54

9. Uuemtdfydml tcj Ojmjfdts af ^em-Esdem Dmtjlretdam ......................................................... ?>

:. Kamk`usdams .................................................................................................................. ?9

_jfjrjmkjs ......................................................................................................................... ?6

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EIOD \argdml ^epjr 96: \dlmerebe

;

5. DMY_AIZKYDAM

Ycjrj ds cjdlctjmji pa`dky dmtjrjst dm pem-Esdem jkamahdk dmtjlretdam, pertdku`er`yojtwjjm [autc emi Jest Esdem jkamahdjs.5

Ycj prakjss af pem-Esdem jkamahdk dmtjlretdam ces spergji e lrawdml puo`dk ijoetjeoaut dts dhpekts far dmsdijrs emi autsdijrs. Ycds pepjr eiirjssjs twa rj`etji pa`dkyqujstdams dm tcds ijoetj2 \d`` [autc Esdem jkamahdjs ojmjfdt frah dmtjlretdml wdtc JestEsde1 Emi, erj tcjrj jkamahdk lraumis far Dmide ta dmk`uij dts [autc Esdem mjdlcoars

dm tcj prakjss1 Ycds pepjr sjjgs ta dhpravj aur umijrstemidml af tcj jkamahdkdhp`dketdams af pem-Esdem dmtjlretdam, pertdku`er`y far [autc Esde,emi kamtrdoutj ta tcjspersj ekeijhdk `dtjreturj am [autc EsdeJest Esde dmtjlretdam.

Dmides @aag Jest ^a`dky af 5445 sdlme`ji

tcj dmtjmt af [autc Esdes ldemt jkamahy ta rjvdte`dzj tcj kdvd`dzetdame`, ijfjmsj, emijkamahdk tdjs wdtc l`aoe``y dhpartemt Jest Esde (Escjr emi [jm ?>>3). Dmide ces ep`urd`etjre` frjj treij elrjjhjmt (FYE) wdtc tcj Essakdetdam af [autcjest Esdem Metdams(E[JEM) es wj`` es od`etjre` FYEs wdtc Bepem, tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje, emi [dmleparj(Meterebe ?>5>7 Fremkds ?>55). Mjlatdetdams erj e`sa umijr wey far tcj `erlj rjldame`kahprjcjmsdvj jkamahdk pertmjrscdp (_KJ^) dmva`vdml Dmide, Jest Esdem jkamahdjs,Eustre`de, emi Mjw Rje`emi (Kcde ?>5;).

?

[jktdam ? jxehdmjs rjldame` pettjrms af treij, FID, emi FYEs. [jktdam ; idskussjsdhpjidhjmts ta pem-Esdem dmtjlretdam. [jktdam 9 jxehdmjs tcj oraei jkamahdk jffjktsaf verdaus pa`dky skjmerdas am Dmide emi atcjr [autc Esdem jkamahdjs. [jktdam :kamk`uijs.

Dt eme`yzjs treij emifarjdlm idrjkt dmvjsthjmt (FID) f`aws, heps FYE ektdvdty, jxp`arjs dhpjidhjmts ta pem-Esdem dmtjlretdam, emi idskussjs tcj rjsu`ts af e quemtdtetdvj essjsshjmt af sjvjre`pa`dky skjmerdas.

?. _JLDAME@ ^EYYJ_M[ AF Y_EIJ, FA_JDLMID_JKY DMVJ[YHJMY, EMI F_JJ Y_EIJEL_JJHJMY[

?.5 E [cdft dm _jldame` Dmtjlretdam ^rdardtdjs

Far kamvjmdjmkj, twa idstdmkt pjrdais kem oj dijmtdfdji dm [autc EsdeJest Esdejkamahdk dmtjlretdam2 (d) em jre af `dhdtji rjldame` dmtjlretdam frah eoaut 549: umtd` tcj`etj 543>s7 emi (dd) em jre af dmtjmsdfydml jffarts et rjldame` dmtjlretdam frah 544> umtd`tcj prjsjmt. Ycjsj twa pjrdais erj ordjf`y idskussji, fa``awji oy em jxehdmetdam afpast-544> trjmis dm treij, FID, emi FYEs.

Ojfarj 544>, [autc emi Jest Esdem jkamahdjs wjrj rj`etdvj`y dsa`etji frah amjematcjr dm tjrhs af jkamahdk rj`etdams (_eme emi Iaw`dml ?>>4). Ycjrj wes `dhdtjiod`etjre` treij emi dmvjsthjmt f`aws dm laais ar sjrvdkjs. Ycjrj wes e`sa `dtt`j te`g dmpa`dky kdrk`js af pem-Esdem dmtjlretdam usdml ektdvj rjldame` dmtjlretdam pa`dkdjs. Ycjam`y treij elrjjhjmt tcet kavjrji tcj twa suorjldams wes tcj Oemlgag Elrjjhjmt

5[autc Esde ds ijfdmji cjrj ta dmk`uij tcj jdlct [autc Esdem Essakdetdam far _jldame` Kaapjretdam

hjhojrs (Eflcemdstem, Oeml`eijsc, Ocutem, Dmide, tcj He`idvjs, Mjpe`, ^egdstem, emi [rd @emge). JestEsde kamsdsts af tcj 5> Essakdetdam af [autcjest Esdem Metdams hjhojr stetjs, tcj ^jap`js _jpuo`dk afKcdme, Bepem, emi tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje.

?Far e rjkjmt sj`jktdam, sjj Guher, [jm, emi Escjr (?>>6)7 Guher, Gjsevepemy, emi Kceakcjml (?>>3)7

Fremkads, _eme, emi \dlmerebe (?>>4o, ?>>4k)7 emi EIO emi EIOD (?>5;).

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EIOD \argdml ^epjr 96: \dlmerebe

9

(maw ke``ji tcj Esde-^ekdfdk Yreij Elrjjhjmt) sdlmji dm 54s emi 54s. Dm e orjeg wdtc pest pa`dkdjs, mjwjhpcesds wes ldvjm ta `dojre`dzdml treij, ettrektdml jxpart-ardjmtji FID vde jxpartprakjssdml zamjs, emi usdml tcj hergjt hjkcemdsh far rjsaurkj e``aketdam (\ar`iOemg 544;). Oy jhorekdml l`aoe`dzetdam, Jest Esde repdi`y dmiustrde`dzji emi jhjrljies amj af tcj war`is hast praspjraus rjldams wdtc e mateo`j hdii`j k`ess es e saurkjaf fdme` ijhemi.

Ycj pjrdai eftjr 544> ta tcj prjsjmt ces ojjm hergji oy dmtjmsdfydml jffarts et rjldame`dmtjlretdam ojtwjjm [autc emi Jest Esde. [jvjre` fektars jxp`edm tcj scdft dm rjldame`dmtjlretdam prdardtdjs (Fremkads, _eme, emi \dlmerebe ?>>4e7 Ieslupte, ^dtdle`e, emiLauriam ?>5?).

Fdrst, [autc Esdem jkamahdjs cevj eiaptji harj hergjt-frdjmi`y treij emi dmvjsthjmtrjldhjs tcraulc e lreiue` dhp`jhjmtetdam af jkamahdk rjfarhs. [rd @emge wes tcjjer`djst [autc Esdem jkamahy ta stert e rjfarh prakjss dm 54s.

[jkami, fdmemkde` krdsjs cevj jmkaurelji dmiustrde` emi jkamahdk rjstrukturdml dmEsde. Dm tcj ijkeij sdmkj tcj Esdem fdmemkde` krdsds af 544>3, Jest emi [autc Esdem jkamahdjs cevj dmkrjesdml`yrjoe`emkji treij emi FID taweri lrawtc dm festjr rjkavjrdml rjldame` jkamahdjs emiewey frah s`awjr rjkavjrdml dmiustrde` jkamahdjs. Ycj ldemt iymehdk jkamahdjs aftcj ^jap`js _jpuo`dk af Kcdme (^_K) emi Dmide cevj dmkrjesji tcjdr jkamahdkrj`etdams wdtc jekc atcjr emi ektji es lrawtc pa`js dm tcjdr rjspjktdvj suorjldams.

Ycdri, tremspart, kahhumdketdams, emi `aldstdks kasts dm Esde cevj fe``jm sdlmdfdkemt`yehdi tjkcma`aldke` pralrjss emi praiuktdvdty ledms. Ycjsj fektars cevj cj`pji spur tcjfrelhjmtetdam af hemufekturdml tcraulcaut Esde tcraulc l`aoe` praiuktdam mjtwargsemi supp`y kcedms.

;Ycds elrjjhjmt kavjrs Oeml`eijsc, tcj ^jap`js _jpuo`dk af Kcdme, Dmide, tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje, tcj

@ea ^jap`j's Ijhakretdk _jpuo`dk, emi [rd @emge.

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EIOD \argdml ^epjr 96: \dlmerebe

:

Faurtc, tcjrj ces ojjm e pra`dfjretdam af FYEs dmva`vdml tcj twa suorjldams dm emettjhpt ta `dojre`dzj dmtre-Esdem treij emi pravdij harj k`erdty af tcj ru`js lavjrmdmlsukc treij. Es wd`` oj furtcjr idskussji `etjr, tcjsj elrjjhjmts erj pert`y e rjsu`t afDmides @aag Jest ^a`dky es wj`` es dmkrjesdml rjkalmdtdam af tcj ousdmjss appartumdtdjsfrah e rj`etdvj`y `erlj [autc Esdem hergjt.

?.? _jldame` Yreij ^ettjrms

Ycjsj fektars cevj suppartji tcj lrawtc af rjldame` treij sdmkj 544>, e`ojdt frah erj`etdvj`y `aw oesj. Es Yeo`j 5 scaws, [autc Esdem jxparts ta Jest Esde (dm Z[ ia``erstjrhs) lrjw repdi`y et 5;. emi ?>5?, wcd`j dhparts frah JestEsde lrjw et e kahpereo`j retj (59.?%). Ycj ve`uj af tate` treij ojtwjjm [autc emiJest Esde ehaumtji ta eraumi Z[$??4.; od``dam dm ?>5? (up frah Z[$5?.< od``dam dm544>). [autc Esdes `erljr jkamahdjs ekkaumt far tcj ou`g af tcj lrawdml treij wdtcJest Esde. Dmide (wcdkc hegjs up ?>5?

Jxparts(Z[$ hd``dam) Dhparts(Z[$ hd``dam)

544> ?>>> ?>5? 544> ?>>> ?>5?

[autc Esde ;,4:: :4 3, ;>? ;43 ?,9 4< 533 6?;

Eflcemdstem ; 4 6 ?34 545 5,>::

Emmue` Evjrelj Lrawtc dm Jxparts(%) Emmue` Evjrelj Lrawtc dm Dhparts (%)

544>?>5? 544>?>>> ?>>>?>5? 544>?>5? 544>?>>> ?>>>?>5?

[autc Esde 5;.< 6.: ?>.> 59.? .;

Dmide 5:.; 3.? ?5.: 5 3.4 ?9.;

^egdstem .4 5;.9 5>.6 ?.6 5.4 5 3.? 4.3

He`idvjs 9.9 -;.: 55.: 3.3 6.4 5>.:

Mjpe` 6.> > 55.? 5>.> ?.3 56.9

Eflcemdstem ;.4 5?.: -?.3 6.5 -9.5 5:.;

Matjs2 Ma iete far Ocutem7 Jest Esde rjfjrs ta tcj 5> Essakdetdam af [autcjest Esdem Metdams hjhojr stetjs,tcj ^jap`js _jpuo`dk af Kcdme, Bepem, emi tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje.

[aurkj2 Dmtjrmetdame` Hamjtery Fumi Idrjktdam af Yreij [tetdstdks.

Ycjrj ces ojjm e scdft dm [autc Esdes treij scerjs taweri Jest Esde. Es scawm dmYeo`j ?, tcj scerj af [autc Esdes jxparts ta Jest Esde dmkrjesji frah 59.:% ta 53.:%ojtwjjm 544> emi ?>5? emi tcj scerj af dhparts frah ??.:% ta ?6.

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EIOD \argdml ^epjr 96: \dlmerebe

Yreiji Kahhaidtdjs wdtc Jest Esde(pjrkjmtelj scerj af tate` jxparts emi tate` dhparts)

KahhaidtyKaij

Kahhaidty Ijskrdptdam ?>>> ?>5?

[cerj af tate` jxparts

?< Hdmjre` fuj`s, hdmjre` ad`s, emi praiukts af tcjdr idstd``etdam >.> 3.5

5..> 5.;

.5 5.?

39Muk`jer rjektars, oad`jrs, hekcdmjry emi hjkcemdke` epp`demkjs7

perts tcjrjaf>.5 5.?

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EIOD \argdml ^epjr 96: \dlmerebe

3

lrjjmfdj`i dmvjsthjmts:

FID f`aws frah `jss ijvj`apji [autc Esde ta harj ijvj`apji Jest Esde erj `awjr tcemtcj f`aw tcj atcjr wey. Es Yeo`j 9 scaws, emmue` f`aws af FID frah [autc Esde ta JestEsde wjrj am`y eoaut Z[$: od``dam dm ?>>;?>5?. Hjemwcd`j, FID f`aws frah Jest Esdeta [autc Esde wjrj harj tcem iauo`j et avjr Z[$55 od``dam.

frah ?>>; amweri tcet sulljsts tcet FID f`aws ojtwjjm [autcemi Jest Esde cevj mjer`y iauo`ji out frah e `aw oesj. Ekkaridml ta fId Hergjts, tcjve`uj af tate` FID ojtwjjm [autc emi Jest Esde ehaumtji ta Z[$4.? od``dam dm ?>5? (upfrah Z[$:.> od``dam dm ?>>;). Dmtjrjstdml`y, rjldame` FID f`aws dm ?>5? erj hukc she``jrtcem rjldame` treij f`aws ijspdtj tcj rjkjmt dhpravjhjmt. Ycj kasts emi rdsgs afsjttdml up mjw p`emts eoraei (ar jxpemidml jxdstdml p`emts) erj cdlcjr tcem tcasjrj`etdml ta treidml frah cahj.

Yeo`j 92 Farjdlm Idrjkt Dmvjsthjmt F`aws af [autc Esde, ?>>;?>5?(Z[$ hd``dam)

Jest Esde ta [autc Esde [autc Esde ta Jest Esde

Emmue`dzji

Evjrelj?>>;?>5?

Kuhu`etdvj?>>;?>5? [cerj(%)

Emmue`dzji

Evjrelj?>>;?>5?

Kuhu`etdvj?>>;?>5? [cerj(%)

[autc Esde 55,3;3 5>6,:9? 5>>.> 9,4 9?,>?9 5>>.>

Dmide 4,43; 34,3:5 39.; 9,4;4 95, 44.;

^egdstem 454 3,?63 .9

Oeml`eijsc 596 5,;5? 5.? 5> 4; >.?

[rd @emge ??9 ?,>56 5.4 3 ;: >.5

He`idvjs 565 5,9:? 5.9 m.e. m.e. m.e.

Mjpe` ?: ??; >.? > 5 >.>e

Eflcemdstem ;3> ;,9?5 ;.? > > >.>e

m.e. 8 mat eved`eo`j.

Matjs2emjl`dldo`j.

Fdlurjs kavjr am`y lrjjmfdj`i dmvjsthjmts.fId Hergjts ijfdmjs lrjjmfdj`i dmvjsthjmts es krass-oarijr dmvjsthjmts dm e mjw pcysdke` prabjkt arjxpemsdam af em jxdstdml dmvjsthjmt wcdkc krjetjs mjw baos emi kepdte` dmvjsthjmt. Badmt vjmturjs erj am`ydmk`uiji wcjrj tcjy `jei ta e mjw pcysdke` apjretdam. Hjrljrs emi ekqudsdtdams emi atcjr jqudty dmvjsthjmtserj mat trekgji. Ycjrj ds ma hdmdhuh sdzj far e prabjkt ta oj dmk`uiji.

[aurkj2 fId Hergjts (ekkjssji < Fjoruery ?>59). cttp.//www.fidhergjts.kah

Kuhu`etdvj FID f`aws frah Jest Esde ta [autc Esde dm ?>>;?>5? wjrj Z[$55.3 od``dam.Dm kamtrest ta treij f`aws, Bepem (wdtc ;6.5% af kuhu`etdvj FID dmf`aws dm ?>>;?>5?)ds tcj `jeidml farjdlm dmvjstar dm [autc Esde. Ycj _jpuo`dk af Garje (?>.6%) emi tcj^_K (53.%) emi He`eysde (5>.5>) erlujs tcet Bepemjsj dmweri dmvjsthjmt ta Dmide ds oj`awpatjmtde`, rjf`jktdml e cjsdtetdam ehaml Bepemjsj hu`tdmetdame` karparetdams (HMKs)wdtc rjleri ta Dmide.6

:

fId Hergjts ijfdmjs lrjjmfdj`i dmvjsthjmts es krass-oarijr dmvjsthjmt dm e mjw pcysdke` prabjkt arjxpemsdam af em jxdstdml dmvjsthjmt tcet krjetjs mjw baos emi kepdte` dmvjsthjmt. Badmt vjmturjs erjdmk`uiji wcjrj tcjy `jei ta e mjw pcysdke` apjretdam. Cawjvjr, hjrljrs emi ekqudsdtdams es wj`` esatcjr jqudty dmvjsthjmtsljmjre``y tcj `erljst j`jhjmt af FID dmf`awserj mat trekgji oy fId Hergjts.Cjmkj, tcj iete dm Yeo`j 9 erj `dgj`y ta umijrstetj tcj helmdtuij af dmvjsthjmt f`aws ojtwjjm [autcemi Jest Esde.

Ycj jxp`emetdam ds sedi ta `dj dm kamstredmts dm Dmides dmvjsthjmt

6Kesj stuidjs af Bepemjsj suosdiderdjs ar badmt vjmturjs dm Dmide oy _ay Kcauicury (?>>4) sulljst tcet dm

tcj tj`jkahhumdketdams emi pcerhekjutdke`s sjktars, Dmide ces ojkahj e patjmtde` ijstdmetdam farrjsjerkc emi ijvj`aphjmt ektdvdty ojkeusj af dts rj`etdvj`y kcjep out cdlc`y que`dfdji tjkcmdke` cuhem

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4

k`dhetj, sukc es paar dmfrestrukturj, strdkt `eoar `ews, emi kuhojrsahj ousdmjssprakjiurjs. Ycjsj dssujs wd`` oj jxp`arji furtcjr dm [jktdam 9.

Es wdtc treij f`aws, tcj ldemt Dmidem jkamahy iahdmetjs rjldame` FID f`aws. Dmideekkaumtji far 44.9% af kuhu`etdvj FID f`aws frah [autc Esde ta Jest Esde dm dm ?>>;

?>5? emi 39.;?>5? ds pravdiji dm Yeo`j :. FID dmf`aws frah Jest Esde ta Dmide erj dm eidvjrsdfdji remlj af jkamahdk sjktars. Ycj `erljst FID ektdvdty ds eutahatdvj ardldme`jqudphjmt hemufekturjr (AJH) emi perts (??.?%). Ycds ds fa``awji oy hjte`s (53.?%)7rje` jstetj (6.?%)7 kahhumdketdams (9.>%)7 kamsuhjr j`jktramdks (9.>%)7 jmldmjs emiturodmjs (9.>%)7 dmiustrde` hekcdmjry, jqudphjmt, emi taa`s (;.4%)7 emisjhdkamiuktars (;.4%). Hjemwcd`j, Dmides autf`aws af FID ta Jest Esde erj

kamkjmtretji dm rjsaurkj ektdvdtdjs (;9.>% dm hjte`s emi 59.5% dm kae`, ad`, emi les)emi sjrvdkj ektdvdtdjs (5>.;% dm fdmemkde` sjrvdkjs, 3.:% dm saftwerj emi dmfarhetdamtjkcma`aly WDYX sjrvdkjs, ?.?% dm tremspartetdam, emi ?.?% dm catj`s emi taurdsh).

Yeo`j :2 Dmide emi Jest Esde Farjdlm Idrjkt Dmvjsthjmt Dmf`aws oy Hebar [jktars(Z[$ hd``dam)

Dmiustry [jktarsKuhu`etdvj?>>;?>5;

[cerj afYate` (%)

Farjdlm idrjkt dmvjsthjmt dmf`aws frah Jest Esde ta Dmide

Eutahatdvj ardldme` jqudphjmt hemufekturjr (AJH) ?>,336 ??.?

Hjte`s 54? 53.?

_je` jstetj :, 59.5

Fdmemkde` sjrvdkjs 9,:;> 5>.;

[aftwerj emi dmfarhetdam tjkcma`aly sjrvdkjs ;,:

^cerhekjutdke`s 5.59). cttp.//www.fidhergjts.kah

rjsaurkjs. Furtcjrharj, Bepemjsj fdrhs ve`uj trust dm tcjdr pertmjr emi jekc af tcj fdrhs tcet ces e badmtvjmturj dm Dmide spjmt e `aml tdhj ijkdidml am tcj pertmjrscdp.

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5>

?.9 _jldame` ^ettjrms af Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmts

Lrawdml treij emi dmvjsthjmt dmtjlretdam ojtwjjm [autc emi Jest Esde sdmkj 544>ces ojjm ekkahpemdji oy cjdlctjmji FYE ektdvdty ta fastjr prjfjrjmtde` treij

`dojre`dzetdam. Yeo`j 6 `dsts [autc EsdeJest Esde FYEs oy stetus es af Ijkjhojr ?>5;.Ojfarj 544>, tcjrj wes am`y amj FYE `dmgdml [autc emi Jest Esdem jkamahdjs (tcj545;, mdmj FYEs wjrj dmjffjkt ojtwjjm [autc emi Jest Esdem kaumtrdjs, wdtc jdlct tegdml jffjkt sdmkj ?>>9.Ematcjr 59 FYEs erj jdtcjr sdlmji emi wedtdml dhp`jhjmtetdam, umijr mjlatdetdam, arprapasji.

Yeo`j 62 Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmts ojtwjjm [autc emi Jest Esde

Ojfarj 544> Zp ta ?>5? Dm tcj pdpj`dmj

5 4 59

Esde-^ekdfdk Yreij

Elrjjhjmt (549)

Dmide[dmleparj

Kahprjcjmsdvj Jkamahdk

Kaapjretdam Elrjjhjmt

(?>>:)

^_K^egdstem Frjj Yreij

Elrjjhjmt (?>>>3)

E[JEMDmide

Kahprjcjmsdvj JkamahdkKaapjretdam Elrjjhjmt

(?>5>)

Dmide_jpuo`dk af Garje

Kahprjcjmsdvj Jkamahdk

^ertmjrscdp Elrjjhjmt

(?>5>)

BepemDmide Kahprjcjmsdvj

Jkamahdk ^ertmjrscdp

Elrjjhjmt (?>55)

He`eysdeDmide

Kahprjcjmsdvj Jkamahdk

Kaapjretdam Elrjjhjmt

(?>55)

[dlmji out mat yjt dm dm jffjkt (?)

^rjfjrjmtde` Yerdff Erremljhjmt-Lraup af Jdlct

Ijvj`apdml Kaumtrdjs (?>>6)

^egdstemDmiamjsde Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmt

(?>5?)

Zmijr mjlatdetdam (:)

Yreij rjfjrjmtde` [ystjh af tcj Arlemdzetdam af

tcj Ds`ehdk Kamfjrjmkj (?>>9)

Oey af Ojmle` Dmdtdetdvj far Hu`td-[jktare`

Yjkcmdke` emi Jkamahdk Kaapjretdam (ODH[YJK)

Frjj Yreij Erje (Frehjwarg Elrjjhjmt sdlmji

dm ?>>9)

^egdstem[dmleparj Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmt

(?>>:)

DmideDmiamjsde Kahprjcjmsdvj Jkamahdk

Kaapjretdam Erremljhjmt (?>55)

_jldame` Kahprjcjmsdvj Jkamahdk ^ertmjrscdp

(_KJ^) (?>5?)

^rapasji (>;)

Kahprjcjmsdvj Jkamahdk ^ertmjrscdp

Elrjjhjmt ojtwjjm [dmleparj emi [rd @emge

(?>>;)

^egdstem^cd`dppdmjs Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmt

(?>>9)

^egdstemYced`emi Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmt (?>>9)

Kahprjcjmsdvj Jkamahdk ^ertmjrscdp far Jest

Esde (KJ^JE/E[JEM+6) (?>>:)

^egdstemOrumjd Ierusse`eh Frjj Yreij

Elrjjhjmt (?>>>4)

E[JEM 8 Essakdetdam af [autcjest Esdem Metdams, _K 8 ^jap`js _jpuo`dk af Kcdme.

[aurkj2 Esde _jldame` Dmtjlretdam Kjmtjr (www.erdk.eio.arl) Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmt ieteoesj (iete es af ;5Ijkjhojr ?>5;).

Mat surprdsdml`y, tcj twa `erljst jkamahdjs wdtc ojttjr kahpjtdtdvj eivemteljs,stramljr ousdmjss `aoodjs, emi ojttjr treij mjlatdetdams kepekdty `jei [autc EsdesFYE ektdvdty wdtc Jest Esde. Dmide ds e perty ta twa p`urd`etjre` elrjjhjmts (E^YE emi

tcj E[JEMDmide Kahprjcjmsdvj Jkamahdk Kaapjretdam Elrjjhjmt), od`etjre`

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elrjjhjmts wdtc tcrjj E[JEM jkamahdjs, emi od`etjre` elrjjhjmts wdtc Bepem emitcj _jpuo`dk af Garje. Ycj frehjwarg elrjjhjmt far tcj E[JEMDmide FYE wessdlmji dm Aktaojr ?>>; wdtc tcj edh af jvjmtue``y ekcdjvdml em elrjjhjmt kavjrdmllaais, sjrvdkjs emi dmvjsthjmt. Ycj E[JEMDmide Yreij dm Laais Elrjjhjmt taagjffjkt dm Bemuery ?>5> eftjr sjvjre` yjers af mjlatdetdams. Dm Ijkjhojr ?>5?, Dmide emiE[JEM kamk`uiji mjlatdetdams far elrjjhjmts am sjrvdkjs emi dmvjsthjmt.

^egdstem ces od`etjre` FYEs wdtc He`eysde emi tcj ^_K. ^egdstem ces e`sa sdlmji eod`etjre` elrjjhjmt wdtc Dmiamjsde emi ds mjlatdetdml ematcjr wdtc [dmleparj. E [rd@emge[dmleparj FYE ces ojjm prapasji wdtc `dtt`j sdlm wcjm mjlatdetdams wau`ikahhjmkj. Dm Fjoruery ?>59, [rd @emge e`sa emmaumkji em ehodtdaus terljt afkamk`uidml em FYE wdtc tcj ^_K oy tcj jmi af ?>59. Cawjvjr, atcjr [autc Esdemjkamahdjs ia mat cevj emy FYEs wdtc Jest Esde.

_jkjmt FYEs ta scepj [autc EsdeJest Esde jkamahdk tdjs wjrj hatdvetji oy Dmides@aag Jest ^a`dky emi dts ijsdrj ta prahatj jkamahdk tdjs wdtc jkamahdke``y vdoremtJest Esdem jkamahdjs. Bepem, tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje, emi sahj E[JEM jkamahdjs

e`sa sjj hjrdts dm prahatdml tdjs wdtc tcj `erlj Dmidem jkamahy ta rjep tcj ojmjfdts aftcj `erlj Dmidem hergjt emi ta oe`emkj tcj l`aoe` dmf`ujmkj af e rdsdml ^_K. E hdx afpa`dtdke` emi jkamahdk hatdvjs umijr`djs ^egdstems FYE wdtc tcj ^_K emi dts od`etjre`elrjjhjmts wdtc E[JEM jkamahdjs. Furtcjrharj, jxtjmiji ij`eys dm tcj \YA Iace_aumi treij te`gs cevj spurrji tcj lrawtc dm [autc EsdeJest Esde FYEs wdtc Esdemjkamahdjs sjjgdml dmkrjesji hergjt ekkjss emi rjiuktdam dm ojcdmi-tcj-oarijrrjlu`etary oerrdjrs.

Ojyami Jest Esde, sahj [autc Esdem kaumtrdjs erj dmva`vji dm FYE mjlatdetdams wdtchebar treidml pertmjrs. Dmide ces ojjm dmva`vji dm FYE mjlatdetdams wdtc tcj JZ sdmkj?>>, e hyrdei af dhpjidhjmts et rjldame` emi metdame` `jvj`s rjhedm, wcdkc kemcehpjr tcj prakjss.>4). Ycj sprjei af l`aoe` supp`y kcedms dm Jest Esde irdvjm oyHMKs hjems tcet hemufekturdml ektdvdtdjs cevj ojjm idspjrsji avjr ljalrepcdke`spekj kammjktji oy treij dm perts, kahpamjmts, emi sjrvdkjs. Dmide ces lreiue``y ojjmdmkarparetji dmta l`aoe` supp`y kcedms tcraulc dmweri dmvjsthjmt frah Bepem, tcj_jpuo`dk af Garje, emi E[JEM jkamahdjs. Ycj kcemldml strukturj af l`aoe` supp`y

>4o, ?>>4k), es wj`` es EIO emi EIOD (?>5;). Ycj pepjrs dmEchji, Gj`jlehe, emi Lcemd (?>5>) jxehdmj dhpjidhjmts ta dmtjlretdam wdtcdm [autc Esde.

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kcedms erj jxpjktji ta cevj e sdlmdfdkemt jffjkt am treij emi dmvjsthjmt f`aws ojtwjjm[autc emi Jest Esde. Dmvjsthjmt dm krass-oarijr dmfrestrukturj, hu`tdhaie` tremspartsystjhs emi `aldstdks erj krdtdke` ta fekd`dtetj [autc EsdeJest Esde supp`y kcedmdmtjlretdam.

Ijted`ji tjkcmdke` stuidjs af dmfrestrukturj kammjktdvdty essjss idffjrjmt tremspartaptdams ta jffdkdjmt`y emi sjeh`jss`y dmtjlretj [autc emi Jest Esde treij (Erma`i ?>>47EIO emi EIOD ?>5;). Ycjsj stuidjs cevj e`sa dijmtdfdji sjvjre` hdssdml `dmgs emioatt`jmjkgspertdku`er`y dm sje emi `emi tremspartdm kammjktdvdty ojtwjjm [autc emiJest Esde. Ycjy fdmi tcet tcj iahdmemt haij far frjdlct tremspart ojtwjjm [autc emiJest Esde rjhedms akjem tremspart emi tcds sdtuetdam ds jxpjktji ta kamtdmuj far tcjfarjsjjeo`j futurj. Dmtjrmetdame` scdppdml `dmjs sjrvdml tcj [autc EsdeJest Esde rjldamapjretj am tcj jquetarde` rautj kammjktdml Jest Esde emi tcj ^jrsdem Lu`f emi tcjHjidtjrremjem. Ycj dmtraiuktdam af `erljr kamtedmjr scdps emi jxpemsdam af fjjijrsjrvdkjs cevj suppartji treij lrawtc. Cawjvjr, prao`jhs cevj ojjm dijmtdfdji dm tcjfekd`dtdjs emi apjretdame` jffdkdjmky af puo`dk parts (sukc es Kcdttelaml ^art dmOeml`eijsc, Ga`gete ^art dm Dmide, emi Temlam ^art dm Hyemher) emi `dmgs ojtwjjm

parts emi raei mjtwargs.3

Furtcjrharj, dt ds sulljstji tcet tcj rjkjmt apjmdml up af Hyemher tcraulc pa`dtdke`emi jkamahdk rjfarhs hjems tcet `emi tremspart (oatc raei emi red`) wd`` cevj emdmkrjesdml ra`j dm od`etjre` treij wdtcdm Esde, out hebar dhpravjhjmts erj mjjiji (EIOemi EIOD ?>5;). Mjw `emi karrdiars ojtwjjm Dmide emi tcj ^_K tcraulc Ocutem emiMjpe` erj rjqudrji, mjkjssdtetdml `erlj dmvjsthjmts. Far dmstemkj, e hdmdhuhdmvjsthjmt af Z[$53 od``dam ds mjjiji far raei krjetdam emi dhpravjhjmt tate`dml?6,>>> gd`ahjtjrs af raeis ta kahp`jtj tcj Esdem Cdlcwey prabjkt. @emi ekkjss taparts ds e`sa dhpartemt far `emi`akgji kaumtrdjs. \dtc rjspjkt ta tcj dmtre-rjldame` red`mjtwarg, tcj Yrems-Esdem _ed`wey (YE_) mjtwarg dmk`uijs eoaut 5>,:>> gd`ahjtjrs afhdssdml `dmgs tcet mjji ta oj kamstruktji ta pravdij far em umoragjm YE_ mjtwarg.

Harjavjr, tcj dmkahpetdod`dty af leuljs (trekg wditcs) dm Dmide, Oeml`eijsc, Yced`emi,emi Hyemher hjems tcet tremsscdphjmt wd`` oj rjqudrji jvjm eftjr tcraulc red` `dmgserj ijvj`apji. Edr tremspart ds lrawdml dm dhpartemkj es tcj ve`uj af kahhaidtdjstreiji ojtwjjm tcj twa rjldams dmkrjesjs7 cawjvjr, tcj lrawtc dm edr frjdlct ces`ellji ojcdmi tcet af akjem tremspart emi ds `dgj`y ta kamtdmuj ta ia sa.

Dmtjr-kaumtry kahperdsams af tcj que`dty af dmfrestrukturj erj idffdku`t iuj tahjesurjhjmt prao`jhs, stetdstdke` leps, emi tcj dmcjrjmt`y suobjktdvj meturj af sukcjve`uetdams (EIO emi EIOD ?>>4). Yeo`j < pravdijs amj sukc jve`uetdam frah tcj\ar`i Jkamahdk Faruh (\JF) L`aoe` Kahpjtdtdvjmjss _jpart ?>5;?>59. Ycjjve`uetdam ds oesji am e survjy af l`aoe` ousdmjss `jeijrs pjrkjptdams emi eved`eo`jceri iete dmidketars am parts, raeis, red`weys, emi edr tremspart. E ve`uj af < dm tcj

skardml systjh usji scaws tcj ojst passdo`j sdtuetdam emi 5 tcj warst. Ycj ietesulljst tcet tcj que`dty af dmfrestrukturj dm [autc Esdem jkamahdjs typdke``y `els ojcdmiJest Esdem jkamahdjs. Dm tjrhs af tcj que`dty af avjre`` dmfrestrukturj, [autc Esdes`erljst jkamahdjs ferj paar`y2 Dmide ces e ve`uj af ;.4, ^egdstem ;.;, emi Oeml`eijsc?.3. [rd @emge (9.3) emi Ocutem (9.4) erj jxkjptdams dm [autc Esde. Oy kahperdsam, tcj_jpuo`dk af Garje ces e ve`uj af :.6, He`eysde :.:, emi tcj ^_K 9.;. Dmtjrjstdml`y, tcj^cd`dppdmjs emi Vdjt Meh umijrpjrfarh dm Jest Esde.

3 Dm Kcdttelaml ^art, tcj sdzj af vjssj`s tcet erj eo`j ta ke`` ds `dhdtji oy tcj wditc emi kurveturj af tcj

Germepcu`d _dvjr. _ed` emi raei treffdk ojtwjjm Kcdttelaml ^art emi Icege e`sa krjetji sjvjrjoatt`jmjkgs. Temlam ^art e`sa ces sjvjre` prao`jhs, dmk`uidml `dhdtji ekkjssdod`dty ta `erlj vjssj`s,paar raei kamidtdams ojtwjjm tcj Ycd`ewe part erje emi tcj ordilj `jeidml ta Temlam, cdlc kamtedmjr

kcerljs, aosa`jtj fekd`dtdjs dm Temlam part, frjqujmt o`ekgauts emi dmsuffdkdjmt ljmjretars, emi `ekg afkerla jqudphjmt (sjj EIO emi EIOD ?>5;).

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5;

Yeo`j 5;

Uue`dty af Avjre``Dmfrestrukturj

_aei _ed`raei ^artEdr

YremspartJ`jktrdkdty

[upp`y

Dmide ;.4 ;.6 9.3 9.? 9.3 ;.?

^egdstem ;.; 9.> ?.: 9.: ;.? ?.>

Oeml`eijsc ?.3 ?.3 ?.9 ;.: ;.? ?.?

[rd @emge 9.3 9.< ;.6 9.? 9.3 :.>

Mjpe` ?.4 ?.< 5.5 ?.< ;.> 5.6

Ocutem 9.4 9.; m.e. ?.? ;.: :.4

Hjha Dtjhs

^_K 9.; 9.: 9.< 9.: 9.: :. ;.< ;.: ;.4 9.: :.?

Yced`emi 9.: 9.4 ?.6 9.: :.: :.?

He`eysde :.: :.9 9.3 :.9 :.3 :.3

^cd`dppdmjs ;.< ;.6 ?.5 ;.9 ;.: 9.>

Vdjt Meh ;.9 ;.5 ;.> ;.< 9.> 9.>m.e. 8 mat eved`eo`j, ^_K 8 ^jap`js _jpuo`dk af Kcdme.

Matjs2 5 8 warst passdo`j sdtuetdam7 < 8 ojst sdtuetdam.Uue`dty af Dmfrestrukturj ds amj af tcj dmidketars usji ta hjesurj l`aoe` kahpjtdtdvjmjss dm em emmue` survjykamiuktji oy tcj \ar`i Jkamahdk Faruh. Ycj skarjs erj oesji am apdmdams af ousdmjss `jeijrs dm e survjykamiuktji dm 593 jkamahdjs.

[aurkj2 \ar`i Jkamahdk Faruh (?>5;).

Ycus, wcd`j dhpravjhjmts cevj akkurrji dm rjldame` dmfrestrukturj, [autc Esde dmpertdku`er ces e `erlj umfdmdscji eljmie ta dhpravj tcj quemtdty emi que`dty af dts

dmfrestrukturj.

;.? E _dsg af Dmsuffdkdjmt Ijptc emi Ousdmjss Zsj af FrjjYreij Elrjjhjmts

^rjfjrjmtde` `dojre`dzetdam ds e rj`etdvj`y rjkjmt pcjmahjme dm [autc EsdeJest Esdejkamahdk rj`etdams (Escjr emi [jm ?>>37 [ka``ey emi ^j`ghems-Oe`eadml ?>>4). Ecemifu` af [autc EsdeJest Esde FYEs jxdst emi hast af tcjh cevj am`y tegjm jffjkt dmtcj `est ijkeij (sjj Yeo`j 6). Furtcjrharj, tcjsj FYEs cevj am`y dmva`vji [autcEsdes twa `erljst jkamahdjs, Dmide emi ^egdstem. \cd`j dt ds jer`y ieys dm [autc EsdeJest Esde FYEs, twa kamkjrms erdsj frah tcj kurrjmt pettjrm.

Fdrst, tcj elrjjhjmts dm jffjkt very kamsdijreo`y dm tcjdr pravdsdams rj`etdml ta rjiukdmloerrdjrs am treij dm laais, treij dm sjrvdkjs, emi mjw treij pa`dky dssujs rj`etdml tarjlu`etary oerrdjrs. Yeo`j 3 pravdijs e suhhery af aur essjsshjmt af `dojre`dzetdam dmhebar [autc EsdeJest Esde FYEs dm tcj erjes af laais, sjrvdkjs, emi rjlu`etaryoerrdjrs.4

4

Ycds wes oesji am tcj krdtjrde ijted`ji dm \dlmerebe, _ehdza, emi Ourhjdstjr (?>5;). Laais

`dojre`dzetdam ds essjssji am tcj spjji emi kavjrelj af terdff `dojre`dzetdam oesji am tcj krdtjrde farFYEs dm tcj \YA Ljmjre` Elrjjhjmt am Yerdffs emi Yreij. [jrvdkjs `dojre`dzetdam ds essjssji am tcjmuhojr af sjrvdkjs sjktars kavjrji oesji am tcj \YA Ljmjre` Elrjjhjmt am Yreij dm [jrvdkjs.Kavjrelj emi `dojre`dzetdam dm tcj erjes af mjw treij dssujs sukc es dmtj``jktue` prapjrty emi tcj

[dmleparj dssujs (dmvjsthjmt, lavjrmhjmt prakurjhjmt, treij fekd`dtetdam, emi kahpjtdtdam) wjrj oesjiusdml krdtjrde far dmidvdiue` dssujs sukc es eicjrjmkj ta dmtjrmetdame` elrjjhjmts sukc es tcj \YA

Aur rjsu`ts sulljst tcet [autc EsdeJest Esde FYEs fe`` dmta twa typjs2 (d)

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`dhdtji elrjjhjmts tcet ije` hedm`y wdtc oerrdjrs ta laais treij, emi (dd) elrjjhjmtstcet jxtjmi `dojre`dzetdam ojyami laais treij ta tekg`j sjrvdkjs emi rjlu`etary oerrdjrs.Ycj E^YE, tcj ^_K^egdstem FYE, emi tcj ^egdstemHe`eysde FYE erj hedm`y laaiselrjjhjmts. Ycj rjhedmdml FYEs `dstji dm Yeo`j 3 erj sahjwcet harj kahprjcjmsdvj.Ycj E[JEMDmide FYE dmdtde``y kavjrji laais `dojre`dzetdam out ces rjkjmt`y jxpemijita kavjr sjrvdkjs emi dmvjsthjmt. Ycj Dmide[dmleparj FYE jxk`uijs elrdku`turj emitremsdt out ces rjesameo`j kavjrelj af sjrvdkjs emi kaapjretdam jmcemkjhjmtpravdsdams. Ycj Dmide_jpuo`dk af Garje FYE e`sa ces rjesameo`j kavjrelj af sjrvdkjsemi haijretj kavjrelj af rjlu`etary oerrdjrs wcd`j tcj DmideBepem FYE kavjrs sahjsjrvdkjs emi ces wdijr kavjrelj af rjlu`etary oerrdjrs. Dm ljmjre`, tcjrj sjjhs raahfar dhpravjhjmt dm tcj kavjrelj af sjrvdkjs emi rjlu`etary dssujs dm [autc EsdeJestEsde FYEs.

Yeo`j 32 [kapj emi Ijptc af [autc EsdeJest Esde Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmts

Laais@dojre`dzetdam

[jrvdkjsKavjrelj

IjjpDmtjlretdam

DmideBepem FYE (?>55) _j`etdvj`y fest [ahj IjjpDmideHe`eysde FYE (?>55) _j`etdvj`y fest [ahj Haijretj

E[JEMDmide FYE (?>5>) Lreiue` Jxk`uiji [ce``aw

Dmide_jpuo`dk af Garje FYE (?>5>) Lreiue` Kahprjcjmsdvj Haijretj

Dmide[dmleparj FYE (?>>:) _j`etdvj`y Fest Kahprjcjmsdvj @dhdtji

^egdstemHe`eysde FYE (?>>3) @dhdtji [ahj @dhdtji

^egdstem^_K FYE (?>>

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Yeo`j 42 Jxpart Ve`uj Zsdml [autc EsdeJest Esde Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmt^rjfjrjmkj

(%)

?>>: ?>>6 ?>>< ?>>3 ?>>4 ?>5> ?>55

Yced`emi

Dmidee 5.3 m.e.

^egdstemk 5.9 5.; .; 5;).Ycj fdrst raumi af _KJ^ mjlatdetdams taag p`ekj dm hdii`j af ?>5; wdtc tcj ehodtdauslae` af fdmdscdml dm ?>5:. Dmide ds tcj am`y [autc Esdem jkamahy ta badm tcj mjlatdetdamstcus fer. Ycds wd`` ldvj Dmidem ousdmjss e lrjetjr appartumdty ta ekkjss hergjts dm JestEsde emi ta dmtjlretj dmta rjldame` praiuktdam mjtwargs. Mamj af tcj atcjr [autc Esdemjkamahdjs ces jxprjssji e ijsdrj ta badm tcj _KJ^, out tcds hey kcemlj df tcjyojkahj kamkjrmji eoaut ojdml `jft aut af tcj `erlj rjldame` dmtjlretdam lraup.

;.; Yreij Oerrdjrs emi Kuhojrsahj Ousdmjss ^rakjiurjs

\cd`j tcjrj ds tjkcmdke``y em dmkrjesdml`y kahp`jx wjo af od`etjre` emi suorjldame`elrjjhjmts ekrass Esde, `jvj`s af hast fevarji metdam pratjktdam emi ru`js emirjlu`etdams effjktdml ousdmjss rjhedm oesdk j`jhjmts dm tcj dmkjmtdvj rjldhj fekdmlousdmjss. Dm kambumktdam wdtc dmfrestrukturj- emi ru`js-oesji kasts, tcj pettjrm af treijojtwjjm [autc emi Jest Esde rjf`jkts verdetdams dm dmkjmtdvjs. Yerdff pratjktdam cesojjm fe``dml dm rjkjmt yjers dm [autc Esde, out avjre`` `jvj`s erj typdke``y cdlcjr tcem dm

Jest Esde emi rjiuktdams kem stdhu`etj ousdmjss. Yeo`j 5> scaws dhpart terdffs far

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elrdku`turj emi hemufekturjs far 544>, ?>>>, emi ?>5? e`aml wdtc dmfarhetdam ammamterdff hjesurjs (MYHs) dhp`jhjmtji iurdml tcj pjrdai ?>>3?>5?. Ycj evjreljelrdku`ture` terdff dm Dmide, far jxehp`j, ds ?3.4% (?>5?), wcd`j far tcj ^_K (rjf`jktdml eijkeij af ekkjssdam ta tcj \YA) dt ds 5;.6%. Dmtjrjstdml`y, evjrelj hemufekturdmlterdffs far tcj ^_K emi Dmide erj tcj sehj et 4.?% (?>5?), wdtc Dmide scawdml e `erljrjiuktdam ojtwjjm ?>>> emi ?>5?. Furtcjrharj, wcd`j terdffs sjjh `aw dm hemy JestEsdem kaumtrdjs, tcjrj ds sahj raah far rjiuktdam dm pratjktdam, jspjkde``y dm MYHs.Iurdml tcj past-l`aoe` fdmemkde` krdsds jre af ?>>3?>5?, tcj muhojrs af MYHsdhp`jhjmtji wjrj 5>< far tcj ^_K, :? far Dmiamjsde, emi ?; far tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje.Ycjsj fdlurjs kahperj wdtc 36 far Dmide, 4 far ^egdstem, emi ; far [rd @emge.

Yeo`j 5>2 [dhp`j Evjrelj HFM Yerdffs emi Mamterdff Hjesurjs Dhp`jhjmtji

[dhp`j Evjrelj HFM YerdffsElrdku`ture` Hetjrde`s (%)

[dhp`j Evjrelj HFM YerdffsHemufekturjs (%)

MYHsDhp`jhjmtji

544> ?>>> ?>5? 544> ?>>> ?>5? ?>>3?>5?

Dmide .4 59.; 4

Oeml`eijsc 44.: ??.> 5

[rd @emge ;3.5 56.6 54.5 ? 3.> .< m.e.

Mjpe` 4.9 55.6 55.; 53.4 5;.3 5?.? >

Eflcemdstem m.e. ?.4 6.; m.e. 9.; :.4 5

Ocutem 59.; 5.5 54.; 4.> .4 :.5 :

Vdjt Meh 5>. Hjemwcd`j, He`eysde ds remgji 6tc, tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje

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Dhpartemt hjesurjs wau`i dmk`uij fdske` kamsa`dietdam,rjfarh af stetj-awmji jmtjrprdsjs, dhpravjhjmt af iahjstdk kahpjtdtdam pa`dky,rjfarhs ta tcj kdvd` sjrvdkj emi ij`dvjry af puo`dk laais, emi rjfarhs ta dmstdtutdams tcetkrjetj cuhem kepdte` (sukc es cje`tc emi jiuketdam). Dm pere``j` ta treij `dojre`dzetdam,[autc Esdem jkamahdjs scau`i e`sa tegj stjps ta oaast tcj dmtjrmetdame`kahpjtdtdvjmjss af tcj dmiustrdjs dm wcdkc tcjy cevj kahperetdvj eivemteljs. Ycdswau`i rjqudrj jffarts ta ettrekt FID, prahatj tcj ijvj`aphjmt af she`` emi hjiduh-sdzji jmtjrprdsjs, dhpravj hjtra`aly stemieris emi que`dty hemeljhjmt, emi dmkrjesjspjmidml am rjsjerkc emi ijvj`aphjmt.

5>

Far rjkjmt essjsshjmts af rjfarh jffarts emi tcj kesj far sjkami ljmjretdam rjfarhs ta oaast dmk`usdvjlrawtc dm [autc Esdem jkamahdjs, sjj Ijj (?>5?) emi \dlmerebe (?>5?).

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Yeo`j 552 Iadml Ousdmjss Dmidketars, ?>59

JkamahdjsJesj af IadmlOusdmjss _emg

^ratjktdml Dmvjstars [tertdml e Ousdmjss Yreidml ekrass Oarijrs

[trjmltc af dmvjstarpratjktdam dmijx

(>5>)

^rakjiurjs(muhojr)

Ydhj(ieys)

Iakuhjmtsta jxpart(muhojr)

Ydhj tajxpart(ieys)

Kast tajxpart($ pjr

kamtedmjr)

Iakuhjmtsta dhpart(muhojr)

Ydhj tadhpart(ieys)

Kast tadhpart($ pjr

kamtedmjr)

Dmide 5;9 6.; 5? ?< 4 56 5,5 55 ?> 5,?:>

^egdstem 55> 6.; 5> ?5 3 ?5 66> 3 53 :4: < 5< : :.; < 5< 55 9? ?,?4: 55 ;4 ?,9>>

Eflcemdstem 569 5.> ; : 5> 35 9,69: 5> 3: :,53>

Ocutem 595 ;.< 3 ;? 4 ;3 ?,?;> 5? ;3 ?,;;>

Hjha Dtjhs

^_K 46 :.> 5; ;; 3 ?5 6?> : ?9 65:

Garje, _jp. af < 6.> : :.: ; 3 6 ; < 64:

Dmiamjsde 5?> 6.> 5> 93 9 5< 65: 3 ?; 66>

Yced`emi 53 3 9.; 5: ;: 6 5: :3: < 59 66>

Vdjt Meh 44 ;.; 5> ;9 : ?5 65> 3 ?5 6>>

Matjs25. Ycj ^ratjktdml Dmvjstars dmidketar essjssjs tcj strjmltc af hdmardty scerjca`ijrs' pratjktdam eledmst idrjktars' hdsusj af karparetj essjts far pjrsame` ledms. E skarj af 5>

hjems cdlcjst stemieris af pratjktdam erj ldvjm ta dmvjstars.?. Ycj [tertdml e Ousdmjss dmidketar kavjrs prjrjldstretdam, rjldstretdam, emi past rjldstretdam.;. Ycj Yreidml ekrass Oarijrs dmidketar essjssjs tcj tdhj emi kast (jxk`uidml terdffs) af jxpartdml emi dhpartdml e stemieri kamtedmjrdzji kerla oy sje tremspart emi tcj muhojr

af iakuhjmts mjjiji ta kahp`jtj tcj tremsektdam.

[aurkj2 \ar`i Oemg. ?>5;. Iadml Ousdmjss _jpart ?>59. \escdmltam, IK.

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;.9 Oerrdjrs ta [jrvdkj Yreij

^uo`dk idskussdams emi rjsjerkc am [autc EsdeJest Esde dmtjlretdam ces fakusji amhemufekturdml treij emi mjl`jktji treij dm sjrvdkjs. ^ert af tcj jxp`emetdam `djs dm tcj

`erlj essarthjmt af ektdvdtdjs kamtedmji wdtcdm tcj sjrvdkjs sjktar, wcdkc erj idffdku`t taiakuhjmt ar eme`yzj. [tuidjs sulljst tcet sjrvdkjs cevj ojjm am tcj rdsj dm autput dmEsde. Frah 9:% af tcj evjrelj scerj dm 544>, tcj sjrvdkjs sjktar heij up 93.:% afLI^ dm ?>5> (Ma`emi, ^erg, emi Jstreie ?>5;). Dm mjw`y dmiustrde`dzdml jkamahdjs afJest Esde sukc es tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje7 Caml Gaml, Kcdme7 emi Yedpjd,Kcdme, tcjsjrvdkjs sjktar ces LI^ scerjs af 6>%4>%. Dm E[JEM jkamahdjs (wdtc tcjjxkjptdam af [dmleparj emi tcj ^cd`dppdmjs), tcj sjktar hegjs up `jss tcem :>% afLI^. [autc Esdem jkamahdjs cevj umdfarh`y repdi`y lrawdml sjrvdkjs sjktarspertdku`er`y Dmide, [rd @emge, emi Mjpe` wcjrj scerjs cevj rdsjm oy 5:?> pjrkjmteljpadmts, rjspjktdvj`y.

Ycj sjrvdkjs sjktar ds e`sa em dhpartemt kamtrdoutar ta treij dm [autc emi Jest Esde.Ycj evjrelj scerj af sjrvdkjs treij dmLI^ dm [autc Esdem jkamahdjs wes 55% dm?>5? kahperji wdtc ??% dm Jest Esde.55

Avjre`` jstdhetjs af tcj helmdtuij af treij dm sjrvdkjs ojtwjjm [autc emi Jest Esdeerj mat eved`eo`j, out tcjrj sjjhs ta oj lrawtc dm sj`jktji sjktars dm sj`jktjikaumtrdjs (Fdmi`ey, Akcded, emi Ijj ?>>4). Jxpart af DY sjrvdkjs frah Dmide ta Jest Esdeemi [autc Esde rjprjsjmtji 9.>% emi >.?% af tate` DY sjrvdkjs jxparts dm ?>55?>5?,rjspjktdvj`y (_OD ?>5;). Dmides DY sjrvdkjs jxparts cevj ojjm lrawdml et em emmue`evjrelj retj af 59.:% emi tcjrj ds kamsdijreo`j patjmtde` far furtcjr jxpemsdam. Yap

Dmidem DY fdrhs erj kurrjmt`y ettjhptdml ta idvjrsdfy tcjdr hergjts usdml verdausstretjldjs, sukc es sjttdml up affdkjs dm tcj ^_K ta sjrvj tcj `ake` hergjt emi ta ettrektBepemjsj autsaurkdml ousdmjss oy jhp`aydml wargjrs frah tcj ^_K emi Bepem taavjrkahj tcj `emluelj oerrdjrs.

Dmide emi [rd @emge erj aut`djrs dm [autc Esde,wdtc scerjs af 5:% emi 59%, rjspjktdvj`y. ^egdstem (>9) cevj ojjm ta Jest Esde, wdtc tcj rjhedmdml ;5%ijstdmji far [autc Esde. Dm [autc Esde, ^egdstem ds amj af tcj hast dhpartemt hergjtsfar kamtrektue` kamstruktdam sjrvdkj jxparts frah tcj ^_K. Ycj ^_K e`sa ces sahjcdstary af kamstruktdam emi `eoar jxparts ta [rd @emge emi Oeml`eijsc. Hjemwcd`j,[autc Esdem emi E[JEM kaumtrdjs jxpart `eoar sjrvdkjs, emi rjhdttemkjs frah tcjsj

jkamahdjs erj e`sa dmkrjesdml. Bepem emi tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje erj `dgj`y ta pravdijmjw appartumdtdjs far tcj havjhjmt af `eoar es tcjdr rjspjktdvj wargfarkjs elj.

Cawjvjr, tcjrj ds jvdijmkj af dhpartemt dhpjidhjmts ta treij emi dmvjsthjmt dmcdodtdmltreij dm sjrvdkjs ojtwjjm tcj rjldams. Yeo`j 5? pravdijs e sjrvdkjs treijrjstrdktdvjmjss dmijx frah tcj \ar`i Oemg far ?>5?. Ycds ettjhpts ta kepturj tcjpa`dkdjs emi rjlu`etdams tcet idskrdhdmetj eledmst farjdlm sjrvdkjs ar farjdlm sjrvdkjpravdijrs es wj`` es kjrtedm gjy espjkts af tcj avjre`` rjlu`etary jmvdramhjmt tcet cevje mateo`j dhpekt am treij dm sjrvdkjs. E cdlc skarj sulljsts lrjetjr rjstrdktdvjmjss.Hjesurdml sjrvdkjs treij rjstrdktdvjmjss ds e idffdku`t umijrtegdml ojsjt oy iete leps

55

Yreij dm sjrvdkjs ds tcj suh af sjrvdkjs jxparts emi dhparts idvdiji oy tcj ve`uj af LI^. Jstdhetjifrah tcj \ar`i Oemgs \ar`i Ijvj`aphjmt Dmidketars ieteoesj.

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eppraekc ces eivemteljs emi `dhdtetdams, dts rjsu`ts scau`i oj dmtjrprjtji wdtckeutdam.5?

E fjw stuidjs cevj eme`yzji tcj dhpekt af pa`dky skjmerdas dmva`vdml [autc Esdem FYEses wj`` es DmideJest Esde FYEs.

5;Ycj pa`dky skjmerdas dm jer`y KLJ stuidjs merrawji

tcj fakus am FYEs dmva`vdml am`y laais, wcd`j harj rjkjmt stuidjs cevj oraeijmji tcjFYE kavjrelj ta atcjr espjkts af treij sukc es sjrvdkjs emi treij kasts. Ya tcj ojstaf aur gmaw`jilj, cawjvjr, tcjrj ds em eosjmkj af warg am pa`dky skjmerdas dmva`vdml e[autc EsdeJest Esde FYE. Ekkaridml`y, tcj rjsu`ts af e kahprjcjmsdvj KLJ jxjrkdsjoy Fremkads emi \dlmerebe (?>>4) am verdaus FYE skjmerdas dmva`vdml [autc Esdem emiJest Esdem jkamahdjs erj rjpartji cjrj.59

[ahj oraei wj`ferj jffjkts frah tcj fa``awdml FYE skjmerdas erj jxehdmji2

5. Em E[JEMDmide FYE2 frjj treij ehaml tcj 5> E[JEM hjhojrs emi Dmide. Ycdsskjmerda scaws tcj dhpekt af Dmides @aag Jest ^a`dky wdtc E[JEM. E treij dmlaais elrjjhjmt ds dm jffjkt ojtwjjm Dmide emi E[JEM, wcd`j elrjjhjmts am

sjrvdkjs emi dmvjsthjmt cevj ojjm kamk`uiji.

?. Em E[JEM+;Dmide FYE2 frjj treij ehaml tcj 5> E[JEM hjhojrs, tcj ^_K,Bepem, tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje, emi Dmide. Ycds skjmerda pravdijs em jxtjmsdam afDmides @aag Jest ^a`dky ta tcj wca`j af Jest Esde. Ycds dmk`uijs e`` tcj hebar Esdemp`eyjrs dm tcj _KJ^ mjlatdetdams. Cawjvjr, Eustre`de emi Mjw Rje`emi erj matdmk`uiji.

;. Em E[JEM+;[autc Esde FYE2 frjj treij ehaml tcj 5> E[JEM hjhojrs, tcj ^_K,Bepem, tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje, emi e`` [autc Esdem kaumtrdjs. Ycds skjmerda pravdijsem jxtjmsdam af Dmides @aag Jest ^a`dky ta tcj wca`j af Jest Esde. Ycds dmk`uijs e``tcj hebar Esdem p`eyjrs dm tcj _KJ^ mjlatdetdams. Cawjvjr, Eustre`de emi MjwRje`emi erj mat dmk`uiji.

9. Em JZDmide FYE2 frjj treij ehaml tcj JZ hjhojrs emi Dmide. Ycds skjmerdascaws tcj dhpekt af e kahprjcjmsdvj JZDmide FYE kavjrdml laais, sjrvdkjs, emitreij kast rjiuktdam. FYE mjlatdetdams ojtwjjm Dmide emi tcj JZ cevj ojjmamladml sdmkj ?>>>;), Oemiere emi Tu (?>>;), emi EIO emi ZMKYEI (?>>3). Hjemwcd`j, Hacemty emi^acdt (?>>3), Kcjaml emi Yamlzam (?>5;), emi Gewed emi \dlmerebe (?>5;) jxehdmj FYE skjmerdasdmva`vdml Dmide, Jest Esdem jkamahdjs, Eustre`de, emi Mjw Rje`emi.

59 Faur fjeturjs af tcj KLJ haij` usji dm Fremkads emi \dlmerebe (?>>4) erj matjwartcy2 (d) straml

hdkrajkamahdk faumietdams emi ijted`ji dmtjrektdams ehaml dmiustrdjs, kamsuhjrs, emi lavjrmhjmtsekrass tcj l`aoe` jkamahy7 (dd) hjiduh- ta `aml-rum dmvjsthjmt jffjkts oy e``awdml far treij ta effjktkepdte` stakgs tcraulc dmvjsthjmt ektdvdtdjs7 (ddd) usj af tcj L`aoe` Yreij Eme`ysds ^rabjkt ieteoesj

tcraulc ta ?>5

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Ycj skjmerdas kcasjm d``ustretj sjvjre` dhpartemt FYE passdod`dtdjs far [autc Esde. Ycjsuosjqujmt idskussdam wd`` fakus am jkamahdk jffjkts af tcjsj skjmerdas far Dmide emidts mjdlcoars.

Fdlurj 5 scaws tcj jstdhetji dhpekts am Dmides metdame` dmkahj af tcj FYE skjmerdas

5:. Ycj haij`s oesj`dmj ds ?>5< emi tcj sdhu`etdams scaw kcemljs frah tcdsoesj`dmj. Dmtjrjstdml`y, Dmide ledms harj dm tjrhs af jkamahdk wj`ferj frah pursudml`erlj dmtjlretdam skcjhjs wdtc Esdem jkamahdjs tcem tcasj wdtc jdtcjr tcj JZ ar tcjZ[. Dm tcds vjdm, Dmide rjeps sdlmdfdkemt wj`ferj ledms frah skjmerdas ? emi ; oydmva`vdml iymehdk Jest Esdem jkamahdjs (E[JEM, tcj ^_K, Bepem, emi tcj _jpuo`dkaf Garje) dm FYE erremljhjmts. Mamjtcj`jss, em E[JEM+;[autc Esde FYE skjmerdaaffjrs `erljr ledms ta Dmide tcem tcj E[JEM+;Dmide FYE skjmerda. 5:

Fdlurj 52 \j`ferj Dhpekts am Dmide af Idffjrjmt Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmt [kjmerdas($ hd``dam kcemlj kahperji ta ?>5< oesj`dmj, et kamstemt ?>>5 ia``ers)

Ycds sulljsts tcetDmide ledms harj oy dmk`uidml tcj rjst af [autc Esde dm e treidml erremljhjmt wdtc JestEsde tcem ladml dt e`amj wdtc Jest Esde. Ehaml tcj atcjr tcrjj skjmerdas scawm dmFdlurj 5, tcj JZDmide FYE skjmerda affjrs tcj mjxt `erljst ledms far Dmide, fa``awji oyem E[JEMDmide FYE emi e Z[Dmide FYE.

E[JEM 8 Essakdetdam af [autcjest Esdem Metdams, E[JEM+; 8 E[JEM, p`us tcj ^jap`js _jpuo`dk af Kcdme,Bepem, emi tcj _jpuo`dk af Garje, JZ 8 Jurapjem Zmdam, Z[ 8 Zmdtji [tetjs.

[aurkj2 Jstdhetjs oesji am kahputeo`j ljmjre` jqud`dorduh haij` dm Fremkads emi \dlmerebe (?>>4).

Matdml tcet em FYE wdtc Jest Esde affjrs `erljr wj`ferj ledms far Dmide tcem tcasj wdtctcj JZ ar tcj Z[, Yeo`j 5; scaws tcj ijted`ji rjsu`ts far skjmerdas 5;. Ycj oraeijstskjmerda ;, wcdkc dmk`uijs E[JEM+; kaumtrdjs emi e`` tcj [autc Esdem kaumtrdjs, sjjs

dmkahj ledms far hjhojrs af tcj FYE af eoaut ?.>% af oesj dmkahj far [autc Esdeemi ?.9% far E[JEM+; kaumtrdjs. Dm tjrhs af kcemljs dm oesj dmkahj, tcjrj erjsuostemtde` dmkahj ledms far Dmide emi atcjr [autc Esdem kaumtrdjs. ^egdstem, cawjvjr,jxpjrdjmkjs she``jr dmkahj ledms (>.?%). Ycjsj rjsu`ts rj`etj ta e hdx af dhpravjihergjt ekkjss, apjmdml up af hergjts, emi dhpravjhjmts dm `aldstdks emi treij kasts.Ycjrj erj hdmdhe` mjletdvj jffjkts far autsdijrs ta tcj oraei E[JEM+;[autc EsdeFYE. Ycj JZ sjjs e she`` ledm wcd`j tcj Z[ emi tcj rjst af tcj war`i sjj she`` `assjs.

5:Ycj E[JEM+;[autc Esde FYE skjmerda, em d``ustretdvj jxehp`j af e oraei rjldam-wdij skjmerda, affjrs

`erljr ledms ta Dmides dmkahj ($53.? od``dam, hjesurji dm kamstemt ?>>5 prdkjs) tcem tcj E[JEM+;

Dmide FYE skjmerda ($5>

5>,>>>

5:,>>>

?>,>>>

Z[Dmide JZDmide E[JEMDmide E[JEM+;Dmide

E[JEM+;[autc Esde

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Yeo`j 5;2 Metdame` Dmkahj Jffjkts af E`tjrmetdvj Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmt [kjmerdas(ve`uj emi % kcemlj kahperji ta ?>5< oesj`dmj, et kamstemt ?>>5 ia``ers)

E[JEMDmide FYE E[JEM+;Dmide FYE E[JEM+;[autc Esde FYE

Ve`uj($ hd``dam) % kcemlj Ve`uj($ hd``dam) % kcemlj Ve`uj($ hd``dam) % kcemlj

[autc Esde 6,966 >.:< 56,544 5.99 ??,9?; 5.44

Dmide 6,6;> >.3; 5; -36? ->.:3 ?43 >.?>

Oeml`eijsc -;5 ->.>; -;:: ->.;5 5,3.>9 -5?; ->.9> 6;5 ?.>;

Atcjr [autc Esde -.?> -?9> ->.6: 5,;3> ;..>: ?9>,35> ?.;3 ?9;,?46 ?.9>

^_K -33? ->.>; 9;,?34 5.;? 9;,9:9 5.;?

Bepem -669 ->.>5 3> 5.65 5.6?

Garje, _jp. af -;46 ->.>: :5,:9: 6.96 :?,5>> 6.:;

Kehoaide 5 >.>5 5>6 5.53 .33

Dmiamjsde 5,;39 >.96 3,353 ?.4; 4,>4> ;.>?

He`eysde 5,4?: 5.>; 5?,>59 6.9> 5?,;

^cd`dppdmjs ;4? >.;; ;,:?5 ?.4; ;,94: ?.45

[dmleparj 5,699 >.44 4,?3: :.6> 4, 5?..?< :,994 .9; ;.;;

Jurapjem Zmdam 5,5;> >.>5 4,?93 >.>3 5>,;>> >.>4

Zmdtji [tetjs 5,>;6 >.>5 -;,?59 ->.>? -5,4?9 ->.>5_jst af tcj \ar`i 5,>>3 >.>5 -55,635 ->.5; -5;,533 ->.59

\ar`i 59,4>9 >.>; ?:5,;6; >.:? ?6>,4>< >.:9

E[JEM 8 Essakdetdam af [autcjest Esdem Metdams, E[JEM+; 8 E[JEM, p`us tcj ^_K, Bepem, emi tcj_jpuo`dk af Garje, FYE 8 frjj treij elrjjhjmt, ^_K 8 ^jap`js _jpuo`dk af Kcdme.

Matj2 Atcjr [autc Esde rjfjrs ta Eflcemdstem, Ocutem, tcj He`idvjs, emi Mjpe`. Atcjr [autcjest Esde rjfjrsta Orumjd Ierusse`eh, tcj @ea ^jap`js Ijhakretdk _jpuo`dk, emi Hyemher.

[aurkj2 Jstdhetjs oesji am kahputeo`j ljmjre` jqud`dorduh haij` dm Fremkads emi \dlmerebe (?>>4).

Kahperdml skjmerdas 5 (em E[JEMDmide FYE)56

Ycj autkahj af skjmerda ; dhp`dkdt`y essuhjs tcet [autc Esde ds dmtjrme``y qudtj wj``dmtjlretji. Cawjvjr, stuidjs erluj tcet tcj [autc Esde Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmt([EFYE) prakjss dmva`vdml tcj jdlct [autc Esdem Essakdetdam far _jldame` Kaapjretdam

emi ? (em E[JEM+;Dmide FYE), ekamsdstjmt pettjrm ds vdsdo`j af mateo`j ledms far rjldame` pertdkdpemts emi hdmdhe`jffjkts far autsdijrs. Dmides ledms dmkrjesj sdlmdfdkemt`y frah >.3;% af oesj dmkahj ta?.?;% ojtwjjm tcj twa skjmerdas iuj ta dmk`usdam af tcj `erlj Martcjest Esdemmjdlcoars dmta em FYE erremljhjmt.Ycj atcjr [autc Esdem kaumtrdjs `asj oy mat ojdmldmk`uiji dm jdtcjr erremljhjmt.

56Fremkds (?>55) eme`yzjs terdff rjiuktdam kahhdthjmts umijr tcj E[JEMDmide FYE emi tcj jxtjmt af

patjmtde` hergjt ekkjss tcet E[JEM kaumtrdjs wd`` ledm dm Dmides elrdku`turj emi mam-elrdku`turjsjktars. [cj padmts ta patjmtde` ledms emi `assjs frah dhpart `dojre`dzetdam umijr tcj FYE. Cjevyhemufekturdml oremkcjs (tremspart jqudphjmt, hekcdmjry, kcjhdke`s, emi dram emi stjj`) erj `dgj`y taledm es tcj jmtry af HMKs wd`` fekd`dtetj dmtjlretdam dmta Esdem praiuktdam mjtwargs. Cawjvjr, sjhd-

prakjssji emi prakjssji elrdku`ture` praiukts, emi `dlct hemufekturdml erj `dgj`y ta oj eivjrsj`yeffjktji oy dmkrjesji hergjt ekkjss far kcjepjr E[JEM dhparts.

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EIOD \argdml ^epjr 96: \dlmerebe

?6

_JFJ_JMKJ[

Esdem Ijvj`aphjmt Oemg (EIO) emi EIO Dmstdtutj (EIOD). ?>>4. Dmfrestrukturj far e[jeh`jss Esde. Hemd`e emi Yagya2 EIO emi EIOD.

. ?>5;. Kammjktdml [autc Esde emi [autcjest Esde2 Dmtjrdh _jpart. Hemd`e emiYagya2 EIO emi EIOD.

EIO emi Zmdtji Metdams Kamfjrjmkj am Yreij emi Ijvj`aphjmt (ZMKYEI). ?>>3.Uuemtdfdketdam af Ojmjfdts frah Jkamahdk Kaapjretdam dm [autc Esde. Mjw Ij`cd2Hekhd``em Dmide.

Echji, [., [. Gj`jlehe, emi J. Lcemd, jis. ?>5>. ^rahatdml Jkamahdk Kaapjretdamdm [autc Esde2 Ojyami [EFYE. Mjw Ij`cd2 [elj.

Erma`i, B. ?>>4. Ycj _a`j af Yremspart Dmfrestrukturj, @aldstdks, emi Yreij Fekd`dtetdamdm Esdem Yreij. Dm B. Fremkads, ^.O. _eme, emi L. \dlmerebe, jis. ^em-EsdemDmtjlretdam2 @dmgdml Jest emi [autc Esde.Oesdmlstagj, ZG2 ^e`lrevj Hekhd``em.

pp. ;:59;3.

Escjr, H. emi _. [jm. ?>>3. Dmide emi Esdem Jkamahdk Dmtjlretdam. Dm M. Guher, G.Gjsevepemy, emi T. Kceakcjml, jis.Esdes Mjw _jldame`dsh emi L`aoe`_a`j2 Eljmie far tcj Jest Esde [uhhdt. Mjw Ij`cd emi [dmleparj2 _jsjerkcemi Dmfarhetdam [ystjh far Ijvj`apdml Kaumtrdjs emi Dmstdtutj af [autcjestEsdem [tuidjs.

Oemiere, B., emi \. Tu. ?>>;. Caw Ijsdreo`j ds tcj [autc Esdem Frjj Yreij Erje1Ycj \ar`i Jkamahy?6(4)2 5?4;5;?;.

Kcjaml, D., emi B. Yamlzam. ?>5;. Kahperdml tcj Jkamahdk Dhpekt af tcj Yrems-^ekdfdk ^ertmjrscdp emi tcj _jldame` Kahprjcjmsdvj Jkamahdk ^ertmjrscdp.

Esdem Jkamahdk ^epjrs5?(?)2 599569.Kcde, [.T. ?>5;. Ycj Jhjrldml _jldame` Jkamahdk Dmtjlretdam Erkcdtjkturj dm Jest

Esde.Esdem Jkamahdk ^epjrs 5?(5)2 5;5?. [autc Esdes Jkamahdk ^raspjktsfrah L`aoe` _joe`emkdml emi Dmtjlretdam. Dm ^. Ijj, ji. Jkamahdk _jfarh^rakjssjs dm [autc Esde2 Yaweri ^a`dky Jffdkdjmky. Eodmliam2 _aut`jilj. pp.?;9?.

Ijj, ^., ji. ?>5?. Jkamahdk _jfarh ^rakjssjs dm [autc Esde2 Yaweri ^a`dkyJffdkdjmky. Eodmliam2 _aut`jilj.

Fdmi`ey, K., _. Akcded, emi ^. Ijj. ?>>4. Dmtjlretdml [jrvdkjs Hergjt. Dm B. Fremkads,

^.O. _eme, emi L. \dlmerebe, jis. ^em-Esdem Dmtjlretdam2 @dmgdml Jest emi[autc Esde. Oesdmlstagj, ZG2 ^e`lrevj Hekhd``em. pp. ?9:;:>.

Fremkds, [. ?>55. Ycj E[JEMDmide Frjj Yreij Elrjjhjmt2 E [jktare` DhpektEme`ysds af Dmkrjesji Yreij Dmtjlretdam dm Laais. Jkamahdk emi ^a`dtdke`\jjg`y96(?).

Fremkads, B.F., emi L. \dlmerebe. ?>>4. ^em-Esdem Dmtjlretdam2 Jkamahdk Dhp`dketdamsaf Dmtjlretdam [kjmerdas. Dm B. Fremkads, ^.O. _eme, emi L. \dlmerebe, jis. ^em-Esdem Dmtjlretdam2 @dmgdml Jest emi [autc Esde. Oesdmlstagj, ZG2 ^e`lrevjHekhd``em. pp. 93>4e. Dmtraiuktdam emi Avjrvdjw. Dm B.Fremkads, ^.O. _eme, emi L. \dlmerebe, jis. ^em-Esdem Dmtjlretdam2 @dmgdmlJest emi [autc Esde. Oesdmlstagj, ZG2 ^e`lrevj Hekhd``em. pp. 56?.

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EIOD \argdml ^epjr 96: \dlmerebe

\jjregaam, I. ?>5>. [EFYE2 Kurrjmt [tetus emi ^raspjkts. Dm [. Echji, [.Gj`jlehe, emi J. Lcemd, jis. ^rahatdml Jkamahdk Kaapjretdam dm [autc EsdeOjyami [EFYE. Mjw Ij`cd2 [elj.

\dlmerebe, L. ?>5?. Kahhjrkde` ^a`dky emi Jxpjrdjmkj dm tcj Ldemts2 Kcdme emi Dmide.

Dm H. Grjdmdm emi H. ^`uhhjr, jis. YcjAxfari Cemioaag af Dmtjrmetdame`Kahhjrkde` ^a`dky. Axfari2 Axfari Zmdvjrsdty ^rjss.

\dlmerebe, L., I. _ehdza, emi @. Ourhjdstjr. ?>5;. Essjssdml @dojre`dzetdam emi IjjpDmtjlretdam dm FYEs2 E [tuiy af Esde@etdm Ehjrdke FYEs. Baurme` af Jest EsdemJkamahdk Dmtjlretdam 55;. L`aoe` Kahpjtdtdvjmjss _jpart ?>5;?>59. Ljmjve2\ar`i Jkamahdk Faruh.