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ARCH 242: BUILDING HISTORY II

Renaissance & Baroque: Rise & Evolution of the Architect

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AGENDA FOR TODAY...

ANDREA PALLADIO (1508-1580)

- The Commercial Architect

- I Quattro Libri dell’Architettura

- Palladio’s Thematics

- Palazzo della Ragione

- Villa Barbaro

- Villa Rotunda

- San Giorgio Maggiore

- Redentore

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ANDREA PALLADIO

Andrea Palladio 1508-1580

- born in Padua, Italy near Venice

- projects in & near Vicenza as well as Venice

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LOCATIONS IN ITALY

Map of Italy

VenicePaduaVicenza

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SACK OF ROME, 1527

The Sack of Rome in 1527 by Johannes Lingelbach

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ANDREA PALLADIO

Andrea Palladio 1508-1580

- born in Padua, Italy near Venice

- projects in & near Vicenza as well as Venice

- originally trained as a stonemason - studied latin literature, music, mathematics, and the treatise of Vitruvius

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PALLADIO IN ROME

Rome in 1551

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I QUATTRO LIBRI DELL’ ARCHITETTURA

Andrea Palladio’s Four Books of Architecture

- published in 1570

- inspired by Vitruvius and Alberti

- Palladio believed there was a “correct” way to design

- This document issued standards for that way

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PALLADIO’S THEMATICS

Prevedari Etching, Bramante Pantheon Drawing, Palladio

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PALLADIO’S THEMATICS

Palladio’s thematics are rooted in proportion

- Palladio is one of the most copied architects in history

- did not look at the part to whole relationship like Bramante

- Palladio looked at architecture as a “whole” that was independent of its parts

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ANDREA PALLADIO

Andrea Palladio 1508-1580

- born in Padua, Italy near Venice

- projects in & near Vicenza as well as Venice

- originally trained as a stonemason - studied latin literature, music, mathematics, and the treatise of Vitruvius

- The Commercial Architect

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VICENZA, ITALY

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01 Palazzo della Ragione

02 Villa Barbaro

03 Villa Rotunda

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02

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PALAZZO DELLA RAGIONE, begun 1548

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PALAZZO DELLA RAGIONE, begun 1548

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VILLAS & PALAZZOS

The Palladian Villa

- the transition from High Renaissance to Mannerism initiated with the villa

- Palladio’s villa & palazzo designs derive from four (4) sources

1 - High Renaissance villas built before 1527, like Raphael’s Villa Madama (1516)

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VILLAS & PALAZZOS

The Palladian Villa

- the transition from High Renaissance to Mannerism initiated with the villa

- Palladio’s villa & palazzo designs derive from four (4) sources

1 - High Renaissance villas built before 1527, like Raphael’s Villa Madama (1516)

2- Regional work completed in Verona & Venice, like Sansovino’s Biblioteca Nazionale (1536)

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VILLAS & PALAZZOS

The Palladian Villa

- the transition from High Renaissance to Mannerism initiated with the villa

- Palladio’s villa & palazzo designs derive from four (4) sources

1 - High Renaissance villas built before 1527, like Raphael’s Villa Madama (1516)

2- Regional work completed in Verona & Venice, like Sansovino’s Biblioteca Nazionale (1536)

3 - Mannerist villas, like Giulio Romano’s Palazo Te (1527)

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VILLAS & PALAZZOS

The Palladian Villa

- the transition from High Renaissance to Mannerism initiated with the villa

- Palladio’s villa & palazzo designs derive from four (4) sources

1 - High Renaissance villas built before 1527, like Raphael’s Villa Madama (1516)

2- Regional work completed in Verona & Venice, like Sansovino’s Biblioteca Nazionale (1536)

3 - Mannerist villas, like Giulio Romano’s Palazo Te (1527)

4 - Ancient architecture, like the Pantheon

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PALLADIAN VILLA

The Palladian Villa

- Three (3) main ideas emerge

1 - The sacred idea behind a Greek Temple front is implemented, like in the Villa Rotunda

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PALLADIAN VILLA

The Palladian Villa

- Three (3) main ideas emerge

1 - The sacred idea behind a Greek Temple front is implemented

2- The villas are arranged by a cellular floor plan, like in the Villa Rotunda

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PALLADIAN VILLA

The Palladian Villa

- Three (3) main ideas emerge

1 - The sacred idea behind a Greek Temple front is implemented

2- The villas are arranged by a cellular floor plan

3- The villas break down the traditional notion of a villa, like the break down of Sangallo’s Villa Medici

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ROMAN SPACE VERSUS GREEK SPACE

Pantheon in Rome Parthenon in Greece

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GREEK SPACE

Parthenon in Greece , 400 BC

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ROMAN SPACE

Pantheon in Rome, 1st century AD

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ROMAN SPACE

Maison Carree in Nimes, France, 16 BC

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PALLADIAN VILLA

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VILLA BARBARO, 1550’s-1560’s

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VILLA BARBARO, 1550’s-1560’s

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VILLA ROTUNDA, 1550’s

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VILLA ROTUNDA, 1550’s

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VILLA ROTUNDA, 1550’s

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VENICE, ITALY

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01 San Giorgio Maggiore

02 Il Redentore

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SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE, 1566

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SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE, 1566

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SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE, 1566

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SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE, 1566

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SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE, 1566

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IL REDENTORE, 1575-1577

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IL REDENTORE, 1575-1577

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IL REDENTORE & SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE

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IL REDENTORE, 1575-1577

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IL REDENTORE & VILLA ROTUNDA

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Andrea Palladio 1508-1580

- Questions?

ANDREA PALLADIO