APES Review

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L&W Energy Pollutio Oz & Gw

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Row 1, Col 1

There is more energy available for consumption at the base of

the energy pyramid or at the top?

What is the base of the energy pyramid?

1,2

This is energy that travels in waves.

What is electromagnetic waves?

1,3

Type of air pollutants where substances are emitted directlyinto the air from a point source.

What are primary air pollutants?

1,4

This is the layer of the atmospherewhich contains 97% of all ozone which protects us from U.V. rad.

What is the stratosphere?

2,1

Strategy used by farmers to combat soil erosion. In thismethod, several crops are planted together in strips between trees & shrubs.

What is alley cropping?

2,2

This law says energy cannot be created or destroyed.

What is the first Law of Thermodynamics?

2,3

This important secondary pollutantis a main ingredient of photochemicalsmog, is formed by reacting NOx andVOCs, & causes respiratory & plant

damage.

What is ground level ozone?

2,4

Ozone depletion is caused mainlyby these compounds which are usedas refrigerants. It takes 8 yrs. for

these molecules to reach the stratosphere.One of these molecules can destroy

100,000 ozone molecules.

What are CFCs?

3,1

This type of planting practice generally uses a planter/seeddrill, in which disturbance of

the soil is kept to a min.

What is Low-Till Farming?

3,2

When this substance is heated kerogen is converted to oil. Extraction of this substance

involves significant environmentaldamage. Largest known reserves

are in Canada.

What is oil shale?

3,3

This pollutant is: formed at hightemps, forms nitric acid, is evident

as a brown haze, causes lung damage & suppresses plant growth.

What is nitrogen dioxide?

3,4

This process involves trapping solar radiation, caused by the presence in the ATM of certain gases that allow incoming sunlight

to pass through but absorb heat radiatedback from the Earth’s surface.

What is the Greenhouse Effect?

4,1

These are crops that are chgd. to increase desired characteristics & remove undesirable traits. The process

involves changing the DNAmolecule.

What are genetically modified crops?

4,2

Members of this group includemajor oil exporting countries

such as: Saudi Arabia, Nigeria,Venezuela & others.

What is OPEC?

4,3

This pollutant is formed by burningfossil fuels, combines with watervapor in the air to produce acid

rain & can cause respiratorydamage.

What is sulfur dioxide?

4,4

This phenomena is believed to be due to human produced increased

concentrations of greenhouse gases in the ATM, resulting in the

raising of average global temps.

What is Global Warming?

5,1

These types of forests are characterizedby: high biodiversity, older & mixedtrees, healthy soil profile, indicatorspecies & minimal amt. of human

activity.

What is old growth forests?

5,2

These are the top 3 countries withproven recoverable coal reserves.

What are the U.S., Russia & China?

5,3

These are compounds that resultfrom solvent vapors & can resultin respiratory damage & cancer.

Some examples are: gasoline,formaldehyde, acetone & benzene.

What are VOCs?

5,4

This greenhouse gas has an averagetime of 100 yrs. in the Troposphere,has a relative warming potential of1 and results from burning oil, coal,

plants, deforestation and cellularrespiration.

What is carbon dioxide?