ANCILLARY PACKAGING MATERIALS S.K.SARAVANA Post Graduation - Packaging Technology Diploma – Supply...

ANCILLARY PACKAGING MATERIALS

S.K.SARAVANA Post Graduation - Packaging Technology

Diploma – Supply Chain ManagementSix Sigma Green Belt

Bsc. (Chemistry)

WHAT ARE ANCILLARY PACKAGING MATERIALS?

• Secondary packaging material• Add value to primary package• Improve performance • Absence or inadequacy, impairs the

performance of primary package

S.K.SARAVANA, sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

ANCILLARY PACKAGING MATERIALS

HOW DO THEY ADD VALUE?

• Prevent contamination

• Enhance visibility

• Bind packaging materials

• Improve strength

• Prevent product damage

• Hold system together S.K.SARAVANA,

sarvanpackaging@gmail.com

CAPS AND CLOSURES

• MAJOR CLOSURE SYSTEMS:

• Lids

• Aerosol valves

• Threaded closures

• Crowns

• Lug capsS.K.SARAVANA,

FUNCTION OF CLOSURE SYSTEM• Product protection spoilage & contamination in

storage & transportation• Preservation of product over stipulated timeA) Providing barrier to moisture, air, gases, vapors of

volatile liquidsB) Holding vacuum and pressureC) Preserve organoleptic properties• Protection against pilferage, tampering &

adulteration• Provide ease of opening & resealing• Provide convenience in dispensing

THE CLOSURE SHOULD…

• Not hinder dispensing • Neither affect nor get affected by product• Not release any toxic ingredients into the

product• Withstand processing, sterilizing, pasteurizing,

autoclaving etc. i.e., steps that may be involved in its life-cycle.

FACTORS FOR SELECTION OF CLOSURES

• Product characteristics• Dispensing mechanism• Compatibility• Dimensional stability• Environmental stress cracking resistance• Heat resistance• Thread matching tolerances• Cost

RAW MATERIALS FOR CLOSURES…

PLASTICS

METALS

INKS• Inks are colored liquids or pastes,

formulated to transfer and reproduce an image from a printing surface

• Components of Inks: Pigments/dyes, vehicle, solvent & additives

• Convey a message• Give a decorative effect to the

substrate• Inks are used on a wide range of

papers, boards, plastic, glass and textiles surface

FORMS OF INKS

PASTE POWDER

SOLUTION

TYPES OF INKS

• Printing Inks Rotogravure Inks Flexographic Inks Offset Inks

Screen Inks

• Specialty Inks Marking Inks Night Glow Inks Textile Inks UV Inks Fluorescent Inks

• Surface CoatingsS.K.SARAVANA,

SELECTION OF INK

• Types of printing process

• Type of substrate

• Application

• Finish

• Drying process

ADHESIVES

• Adhesive/glue is a mixture in a liquid, semi-liquid, solid state that adheres or bonds items together

• Adhesives come from either natural or synthetic sources

• Used to bind similar and dissimilar materials

CLASSIFICATION OF ADHESIVES

• ON BASIS OF SOURCE:• Natural: Starch, dextrines, animal

and plant proteins, natural rubber, shellac

• Semi-synthetic: Cellulose nitrate, polyamide derivatives

• Synthetic: Neoprene and PVA adhesives.

CLASSIFICATION OF ADHESIVES

• Waterborne Adhesives

• Solvent–borne Adhesives

• Hot–melt Adhesives

WATER-BORNE ADHESIVES

• Largest volume class of adhesive used in packaging

• General advantages of ease and safety of handling, energy efficiency, low cost and high strength

• Common waterborne adhesives: Starch adhesive

SOLVENT–BORNE ADHESIVES• Adhesives in which volatile organic

compounds are the major solvent or dispersant

• Solvents: Heptane, toluene, n-butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, naphtha, mineral spirits and methylene chloride

• Factors of cost, safety, productivity and above all, compliance with clean-air law have led to decline in use of these adhesives

• Commonly used adhesive: Polyurethane adhesives

HOT–MELT ADHESIVES

• Hot melts - 100% solids adhesive

• Based on thermoplastic polymers that are applied when heated in the molten state and set to form a bond on cooling and solidification

• Fastest growing important class of adhesives in packaging

HOT–MELT ADHESIVES

• Co-polymer of Ethylene and Vinyl Acetate (EVA)

• Excellent balance of molten stability, adhesion and toughness over a broad temperature range and compatibility

• Advantage: Rapid rate of bond formation, which can translate into high production rates on a packaging line.

FEATURES OF A GOOD ADHESIVE

• The adhesive must retain tack after solvents are removed to wet the secondary substrate

• The adhesive must be flexible and retain elasticity even after it has cured

• It should not become hard and brittle• The cured adhesive must possess the required

level of thermal and chemical resistance• The cured adhesive must also be transparent and

colorless

ADHESIVE TAPES

ADHESIVE TAPES• Combination of an adhesive and a backing

material• Available in rolls of fixed length and width• Classification of basis of backing material: Fabric tapes, paper tapes, film tapes, non-woven

fabric tapes, foil tapes, foam tapes, reinforced tapes, two faced tapes

• Classification of basis of application: Packaging tapes, hospital and first-aid tapes, graphic art tapes, electrical tapes, automobile industry tapes etc.

ADHESIVES USED IN TAPES• Rubber based adhesives:• Advantages: Relatively cheap, high tack and adhesion,

easy to formulate• Disadvantages: Softens and flows at high temperature• Acrylic based adhesives: • Advantages: Excellent adhesion and stable at relatively

high temperatures• Disadvantages: Costlier• Silicon based adhesives: • Advantages: Good tack, withstand temperatures

beyond 155oC• Disadvantages: Very Costly

REINFORCEMENTS

• Reinforcement: Enhance strength of packaging

• Better ability to withstand rough handling conditions

• Classification: • Metallic: Round wires and

steel straps• Non-metallic: Polyester,

Nylon, polypropylene, rayon.

FUNCTION OF STRAPS

• Secure a handling base (skids, platforms, pallets, runners, spacers, etc.) to a unit

• Strap may be used for local securement or within the transport vehicle

• Straps also provide security against accidental loss or theft of the contents

• Different packages can be color coded with strapping for easy identification in warehouses.

PROPERTIES OF STRAPS

• Strength• Working range• Retained tension• Elongation recovery• Surface slipperiness• Abrasion resistance• Split resistance• Joint/weld strength

FOR BEST RESULTS

• Use correct quality of straps and seals• Use proper size of straps and seals• Locate the strap on package correctly• Use edge protection material as required• Use proper tools and equipments• Provide proper tension levels

CUSHIONING MATERIALS

• Protects the article from damage due to shock and vibration

• During transport, package is subjected to vibration, movement and jolts

• Cushioning material prevents product damage, abrasion of surfaces, friction over sharp projection

• Cushioning materials: Foams, paper shreds, cotton waste, sand etc.

FUNCTIONS OF CUSHIONING MATERIALS

• Shock protection• Protection of high-finished

surface• Protection of small

projection on articles• Filling of void space

• Used to retain tension• Used for reinforcement• Types: Metal and plastic

LABELS

FUNCTIONS OF LABELS

• To identify the product• Provide ingredients• Purpose/use of the products• Providing aesthetic appeal• Child safety• Other information like

maximum retail price (MRP), Batch No, Shelf-life/Best-before date etc.

TYPES OF LABELS

• Adhesive labels• Shrink/stretch sleeve labels• In-mould labels

RAW MATERIALS OF LABELS

• Metals• BOPP• OPP• PP• PE• PVC

THANK YOU

ANCILLARY PACKAGING MATERIALS S.K.SARAVANA Post Graduation - Packaging Technology Diploma – Supply...

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