Post on 16-Jan-2016
All you need to know aboutDengue
Science ACE Powerpoint PresentationDone by: Lim Chun Han (16) 1P1
Overview of Presentation
What dengue is Dengue fever and Dengue hemorrhagic
fever (DHF) How dengue spreads About Aedes mosquitoes Symptoms and treatments Preventing Dengue
What Dengue Fever is
Disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses: (DENV 1, DENV 2, DENV 3, or DENV 4)
Viruses are transmitted to the human body with help of Aedes mosquitoes
What is dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)?
A more severe form of dengue infection
Can be fatal if unrecognised Caused by infection with the same
viruses
How do these two types of fever spread?
Transmitted to people by the bite of an Aedes mosquito that is infected by a dengue virus
Symptoms may or may not shown, varying from individuals
Virus will be transmitted from the mosquito to the human body in about a week
Cannot spread from human to human
About Aedes mosquitoes
Becomes infective 7 days after it has bitten a person infected with dengue
Its average lifespan is 2 weeks Peak biting is at dawn and dusk
Symptoms of dengue fever
High fever Severe headache Severe pain behind eyes Joint, muscle and bone pain Rash Mild bleeding Vomiting
Symptoms of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
Similar to those of the normal dengue fever, just that: Fever may last from 2 – 7 days When fever declines, vomiting, severe
abdominal pain and difficulty breathing may develop
Tend to bruise easily or other types of skin hemorrhages (e.g. bleeding nose or gum, internal bleeding)
Treatment for dengue fever (Part I)
No specific medication yet Infected people should use:
analgesics (pain relievers) with acetaminophen
Avoid analgesics containing aspirins
Treatments for Dengue Fever (Part II)
Rest, drink plenty of fluids and consult a physician
If infected person feels worse in the first 24 hours after the fever declines… Go to the hospital immediately for
evaluation
Treatments for dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
No specific medication Can be treated by fluid replacement
therapy If an early clinical diagnosis is made
Might require hospitalisation
Where outbreaks of dengue fever can occur
Areas where Ae. aegypti mosquitoes live
Most tropical urban areas May be introduced into areas by
travellers who become infected while visiting place where dengue fever can occur
Preventing dengue (Part I)
No vaccine Eliminate places where the
mosquito lays her eggs Primarily artificial containers that hold
water Items that contain rainwater should
be properly handled
Preventing dengue (Part II)
Such items should be emptied and cleaned at least once a week: Pet and animal watering containers Vases with fresh flowers
Such methods can reduce the risk of being infected by dengue: Using air conditioning Using window and door screens
Preventing Dengue (Part III)
Preventing dengue can also be comprehended into five steps:
Turn pails and watering cans over and store them under shelter
Remove water in plant pot plates. Clean and scrub the plate to remove mosquito
eggs
Replace the gully trap with non-perforated ones and install anti-
mosquito valves
Cover bamboo pole holders after use
Preventing Dengue (Part III) Cont’d
On every other day, change the water in the flower vases and clean and scrub the inner sides
of the flower vases. Wash roots of flowers and plants thoroughly as well
Preventing Dengue (Part III) Cont’d
Preventing Dengue - Insect repellents
A good tool for repelling mosquitoes Precautions to take:
Do not use them under clothing Do not use over cuts, wounds and
irritating skins Do not apply to eyes and mouth Use just enough Do not allow children to handle the
product
Preventing dengue - Potential breeding sites for Aedes mosquitoes
Flower pot Flower pot plate Hardened soil of potted plants Collar of toilet bowls Gully trap Roof gutter Road side drain Scupper drain
Preventing dengue - Potential mosquito breeding sites