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PROCEEDINGS OF THE XXth INTERNATIONAL CONGRESSOF HISTORY OF SCIENCE (Liege, 20-26 July 1997)
VOLUME XVIII
ALCHEMY, CHEMISTRYAND
PHARMACYEdited by
Michel BOUGARD
BREPOLS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
IntroductionMichel BOUGARD
Part oneALCHEMY, CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY BEFORE 1800
Christine de Pizan and the scientific culture of late medieval France :the example of alchemy 11
Joan CADDENAlchemical view of the origin of metals and transmutation 17
Vladimir KARPENKO
The four conflated Democriti and their fusion in earlyseventeenth century alchemy and medicine 29
Christoph LUTHYThe Liquor Alkahest in Helmontian medicine 51
Paulo ALVES PORTO
La tradition hermetique et la revolution scientifique :vers une nouvelle revision de la these de Frances A. Yates 61
Victor VIZGUINELa chimie contre Aristote La distillation du bois et la doctrinedes cinq elements au xvile siecle en France 67
Bernard JOLYLa Pratique de Chymie de Sebastien Matte La Faveur :un episode meconnu des demonstrations publiques de chimieau xvne siecle 77
Michel BOUGARDAu XVlle siecle Marie Meurdrac publie un traite de chimie.Une premiere? 99
Lucia TosiThe chemical research of Luigi Galvani: gases, machines and texts 105
Raffaella SELIGARDI
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Part twoCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY IN THE CONTEMPORARY PERIOD
(AFTER 1800)
Considerations epistemologiques de revolution des techniqueset des instruments du laboratoire chimique 117
Maria de Lurdes PEREZ-GARRIDO and S. MAVELBrazil, 1833 : the discovery of photography revisited 129
Rosana HORIO MONTEIRO, Silvia FIGUEIROA, Lea VELHOTowards a scientific biography of Peter Griess 137
Willem J. HORNIX and Elisabeth THUSEN-VlSSERPeter Griess and the constitution of the substitution productsof benzene 149
Elisabeth THUSEN-VlSSER and Willem J. HORNIXThe delayed development of chemistry in Austria,caused by political pressure 161
Robert W. ROSNERChemical science and education in the University of Coimbra(Portugal) from the thirties to the fifties of the twentieth century 169
Antonio M. AMORIM DA COSTA
Structure, contingency and application : the early articulationof chemical industry and academe in the United Kingdom 177
James F. DONNELLYChemical decision-makers : a profile of the leadership of theprincipal British chemical institutions, 1900-1939 189
Gerrylynn K. ROBERTSTechnological change in the Spanish electrolytic chemical industry.Solvay's mercury cell versus Siemens-Billiter's diaphragm cell 199
Angel TOCAArchitecture of new molecules in the 20th century -a dynamic survey 207
Maria DA CONCEigAo BURGUETEDie chinesischen Ubersetzungen des Sauerstoffs, Wasserstoffs undStickstoffs - die Gemeinsamkeiten zwischen der chinesischenund europaischen Naturphilosophie 209
Hao CHANG
The history of chemistry : cultural methodologyfor a new didactic model 217
Francesco CARDONEEl Laboratorio de quimica del " seminario cientffico-industrialde Vergara" segiin sus inventarios (1852-1858) 231
Ines PELLON GONZALEZ
Contributors 247