* GB785458 (A)

Description: GB785458 (A) ? 1957-10-30

Improvements in or relating to electrical capacitors

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The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data and information originating from other authorities than the EPO; in particular, the EPO does not guarantee that they are complete, up-to-date or fit for specific purposes.

PA Tr NT SPECIFICATION Daie of fihii 2 g Complete Specification: Dec 14-, 1955. A Application Date: Sept 14, 1954 No 26594154. Complete Specification Published: Oct 30, 1957. Index at Acceptance:-laas X 1, D 1 (B 5 BX: 03 G 6: G 8: G 9: J 2). International Classifieation:-HE Olg. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. Improvements in or relating to Electrical Capacitors. We, WELWYN ELECTRICAL LABORATORIES LIMITED, a Body Corporate organised according to the Laws of Great Britain, of Bedlington, Northumberland, and ALFREDO Lui Gi GIUSEPPE CIA Nc HI, a British Subject, of 13 Abel Close, Adeyfield, Hertfordshire, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- The invention relates to the manufacture of electrical condensers or capacitors consisting of metal plates or electrodes and a dielectric, particularly of vitreous enamels or plastics. According to the present invention there is provided a capacitor comprising two lengths of wire, each length constituting an integral terminal and electrode, an electrode being formed by a flattened end portion of a wire length which has thereafter been bent to a U-shape,

the free leg of each U fitting between and extending in the same direction as the two legs of the other U so that the terminal portions of the two wires extend away from each other and the electrodes being embedded in dielectric material. Thus for example, a copper wire of round or square section and of 1 to 4 inches length may be flattened for about one quarter to one inch at one end A similar length of wire is similarly flattened at one end The two flattened ends form the electrodes or condenser plates and each is bent to Ushape and the free leg of each U is fitted between and extends in the same direction as the two legs of the other U so that the terminal portions of the two wires extend away from each other The electrodes are then embedded in dielectric material. The dielectric may be in the liquid state at the stage of application. lPrice 3 s 6 d l The invention can be applied particularly to capacitors of very small size when it would be difficult to attach wire-end terminals. While any type of suitable dielectric can be employed the vitreous enamels described in the Specification of Patent No 693,461 are particularly suitable to be used in conjunction with this type of electrode The plates or electrodes may be dipped in liquid dielectric, then dried and assembled together The assembled electrodes can again be dipped in the liquid dielectric and then finally fired When making very small capacitors of this type the amount of dielectric employed can be extremely small in relation to the electrodes and terminal end combined, and it is possible that in handling the wire-end when attaching to other components that a portion of the dielectric may chip off To prevent this the whole of the capacitor could be covered by a plastic solution, such as that known as "Araldite" (Registered Trade Mark) and then fired. The plates of electrodes may be conveniently made from a continuous length of wire by flattening portions at spaced intervals and cutting them off at the same time or later when required.

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* GB785459 (A)

Description: GB785459 (A) ? 1957-10-30

Improvements in and relating to rubber springs or pads

Description of GB785459 (A)

% Adh 7 L t C :M b et; aze;-s PAATE No'T DECIFI CATIO:N 78 54 A 59 Afelly,, -710 ' i:; ',e', l lci'l b Dec14 19,3. I n,,/,r'tfri Imzl: Sept 14 1954 Xr, 26622, 54 (riller S ?,ti;, 7,uiii,-,:)Ct 3,0 19):; Index at Acceptance:-Classes 103 ( 6, 350 2 D: X; and 108 ( 3), 8 S(D 2 D: 2). International Classification:-B 61 i, F 061. COMFPLETE SPECIFICATION. Improvements in and relating to Rubber Springs or Pads. SPECIFICATION NO 785,459 I M ENTOR: JACK CROSLACD SPE-UCER By a direction given under Section 17 (i) of the Patents Act 1949 this application proceeded In the name of George Spencer, Mioulton A Company Llmited, a Br Itish company, of 13 and 14, Ashley Place, Westminster, London, S W 1. THE PATENT OFFICE, 11th November, 1957 Ln springs or paus iur use in raiiway venicie bolster control arrangements. In arrangements for anchoring and stabilising railway vehicle bogie bolsters, rods secured to the bogie frame at one end and 2 _' to the bolster at the other have been provided in which universal flexibility has been permitted through the medium of rubber rings or pads. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rubber spring or pad, more particularly for use in bolster control arrangements having improved load-bearing characteristics and in which the likelihood of slipping of juxtaposed pads on flexing is eliminated. Therefore according to the present invention the rubber spring or Dad suitable for bogie bolster control consists of a metal base plate and a body or bodies of rubber 3.3 each having a generally semi-circular base bonded to one face thereof, the outer surface of the rubber body or bodies presenting a contour which is radiused on its three main axes, the arrangement being such that when fixing occurs under load a gradually increasing area of rubber is placed under compression. Preferably the metal base plate is of lPric ' DB 00131 ( 12)13598 100 11/ 57 R is ra Iiusea born on its longitudinal axis as well as its transverse axis so that in side elevation two generally dome shaped

rubber pads are provided spaced apart a distance corresponding to the width of the transverse gap between the units the height of each pad tapering from a maximum at the centre to its outer periphery while in transverse section the contour of the upper face of the pad is again domed. Cylindrical dowels or studs may be attached to the base plate appropriately by welding such studs protruding from the bottom of the base plate and serving to locate the plates on the mounting and preventing any tendency there may be for the plate to rotate about its axis. In a specific embodiment of rubber pad according to this invention utilised in railway vehicle bolster control arrangements, the bolster is anchored by means of rods extending between brackets welded to the bogie frame and the bolster, while stabilisation is effected by means of rods extending between brackets on the spring plank and brackets on the bolster. To provide universal flexibility each rod is equipped at each end with rubber pads of the kind hereinbefore described and by way 60) so PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of fiuinlg Complete Specification: Dec 14 f, 1955. 4 pphlication Date: Sept 14, 1954 No 26622/54. Complete Specification Piublizh ed: Oct 30, 19 57. Index at Acceptane:-Classes 103 ( 6,, B 5 C 2 D: Xv; and 108 ( 3), 6 (D 2 D: F). International Classificat ion:-B Slf, F 06 i. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. Improvements in and relating to Rubber Springs or Pads. We, GEORGE SPENCER MOULTON & COMPANY LIMITED, a Body Corporate duly organised under the Laws of Great Britain, of 13 & 14 Ashley Place, Westminister, London, S W 1, and JACK CROSLAND SPENCER, a British Subject, of the Company's address, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: This invention relates to rubber springs or pads and more particularly to rubber springs or pads for use in railway vehicle bolster control arrangements. In arrangements for anchoring and stabilising railway vehicle bogie bolsters, rods secured to the bogie frame at one end and to the bolster at the other have been provided in which universal flexibility has been permitted through the medium of rubber rings or pads. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rubber spring or pad, more particularly for use in bolster control arrangements having improved load-bearing characteristics and in which the likelihood of slipping of juxtaposed pads on flexing is eliminated.

Therefore according to the present invention the rubber spring or pad suitable for bogie bolster control consists of a metal base plate and a body or bodies of rubber each having a generally semi-circular base bonded to one face thereof, the outer surface of the rubber body or bodies presenting a contour which is radiused on its three main axes, the arrangement being such that when fixing occurs under load a gradually increasing area of rubber is placed under compression. Preferably the metal base plate is of lP.r k' generally oval or elliptical configuration with a centrally disposed circular aperture. The rubber pad is preferably divided on the transverse centre line of its base plate into two units which in the unloaded condition are separated by a narrow transverse gap such gap being continued around the central aperture in the base plate to provide an annular space between the aperture and the pad while the overall dimensions of the rubber pad are such that in its unloaded condition, it lies wholly within the base plate leaving a narrow peripheral margin extending beyond the pad. The rubber pad on its upper or outer face is radiused both on its longitudinal axis as well as its transverse axis so that in side elevation two generally dome shaped rubber pads are provided spaced apart a distance corresponding to the width of the transverse gap between the units the height of each pad tapering from a maximum at the centre to its outer periphery while in transverse section the contour of the upper face of the pad is again domed. Cylindrical dowels or studs may be attached to the base plate appropriately by welding such studs protruding from the bottom of the base plate and serving to locate the plates on the mounting and preventing any tendency there may be for the plate to rotate about its axis. In a specific embodiment of rubber pad according to this invention utilised in railway vehicle bolster control arrangements, the bolster is anchored by means of rods extending between brackets welded to the bogie frame and the bolster, while stabilisation is effected by means of rods extending between brackets on the spring plank and brackets on the bolster. To provide universal flexibility each rod is equipped at each end with rubber pads of the kind hereinbefore described and by way 7855459 785,459 of example specific reference will now be made to the arrangement for anchoring the bolster, it being understood that a similar arrangement will be utilised in the stabilisation of the bolster. In such bolster anchoring arrangement a bracket is secured appropriately by welding on each longitudinal side member of the bogie frame such brackets, being apertured to pass the aforementioned rods

which extend between the brackets and the bolster which is also apertured to pass such rods. Each rod at each end passes through the centrally disposed apertures in the base plates of two rubber pads which are arranged with the rubber faces in juxtaposition those at the bogie frame end of the rod being separated by the bracket thereon while at the bolster end of the rod the rubber pads are separated by the bolster frame itself. The rod is screw threaded at its ends and the pads are held in juxtaposition at each end by means of nuts screwed on to the ends of the rods one set of nuts holding one pad against one face of the bogie frame bracket by bearing against its base plate while the other set of nuts holds the other pad at this end against the opposite face of such bracket, a similar arrangement of nuts holding the two pads against opposite faces of the bolster frame. A preferred form of rubber pad is illustrated in the accompanying drawings where Fig 1 is a side elevation; Fig 2 a plan view; and Fig 3 a cross sectional view. Fig 4 is a side elevational view of one arrangement where the improved pads are used for stabilising a bolster. In the drawings, 1 generally designates an oval metal base plate having a centrally disposed circular aperture 2 which can be threaded on one of the bolster control rods aforementioned. To the upper face of the plate 1 is bonded a pair of rubber pad units 3 and 4 which in the unloaded condition shown are separated by a transverse gap 5 at each side of the central aperture 2 in the plate. The dimensions of the pad units 3 and 4 are such that in the unloaded position shown they lie wholly within the area of the base plate 1 leaving a narrow peripheral margin 6 thereon. Each rubber unit has a convex face radiused both longitudinally as shown in Fig 1 and transversely as shown in Fig 3, so that under load a gradually increasing area of rubber is put under compression. 7 and 8 are cylindrical dowels welded to the undersurface of the plate 1 to mount it in the bogie and prevent its rotation about a control rod passed through the aperture 2. In Figure 4, 15 is a tie rod which passes through a bracket on the bogie under-frame 38 and an abutment on the bolster 37, 21, 22, 23 and 24 are buffer pads according to the invention while 10, 11, 12 and 13 are metal discs screwed onto the tie rod such discs being approximately the same shape as 70 base plates 41, 42, 43, and 44, which latter are secured by dowels such as 7 and 8 as shown in Figure 1 to the bolster abutment 37 and the bracket on the bogie under frame 38 75 The pads when assembled in such an arrangement exert equal and opposite pressure so that the bolster is in a state of equilibrium when stationary, but when this state of equilibrium is destroyed by

the 80 movement of the bolster in relation to the bogie under-frame the pressure exerted by the compression of the pads provides force which tends to restore the bolster to its original position and state 85 If for example the bolster should swing to the left the bolster abutment 37 exerts pressure on pad 21 such pressure being communicated by means of plate 10 tie rod and plate 13 to pad 24 which will in 90. turn exert pressure on underframe bracket 38 The reaction on pads 21 and 24 restores the bogie to its original position and any tendency to oscillate is controlled by pad 23 which acts as a damper ' 5 If on the other hand the bolster should swing to the right a pressure is exerted on pad 22 and through the tie rod compressing plate 23 against the bogie underframe abutment 38 The reaction on pads 22 and 23 100 tends to restore the bolster so the original position and any tendency to oscillate is controlled by pad 24 which acts as a damper. The contour of the pads is radiused on both axes in order to ensure that when flex 105 ing comes there is no slipping of the rubber on the plates as would occur with an ordinary flat rubber pad, and a definite rolling action is achieved; the gradual increased area of the rubber in compressing giving the required 110 increase in resistance. Further as the contour of the radius in the horizontal plane is different from the contour of the radius in the vertical plane, there is a different loading or resistance 115 between the transverse and vertical movements of the bolster, which is most necessary. In operation it has been found in practice that when flexing of ordinary flat rubber 120 pads takes place on the longer axis the end of the spring which is opened will tend to slip when the arrangement centralises itself. W:,ith rubber pads constructed according to the present invention however slipping 125 cannot take place on flexing out owing to the curvature of the faces, the end plate of the arrangement rolls, gradually increasing the area of rubber in compression and conS An arrangement for bogie bolster

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* GB785460 (A)

Description: GB785460 (A) ? 1957-10-30

Improvements in or relating to recording and/or reproducing devices formagnetic records on a tape or wire carrier

Description of GB785460 (A)

A T E N T S P E C I I 1 C A I O PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of At Uccf N and Filina Con 'ete Specificatio:: = 1, 19 V 4. Applic 2:: ade in Netherlands oi C- 5, l? 53. Comp 'et= S ecl'csa: x Pulisi-ea: CO: 3 a, 1957. : t 785,460 Na 245 / Index at Acceptance:-Classes 40 ( 2), D 3 (A 2 GIA: GID: Gl E: G 2; and 305 ( 2), 52 F,1. International Ciassification:-FO 6 d G Ij. COINMPLETE SPECIFICA Tlz Ni Improvements in or relating to Recording and/or Reproducing Devices for Magnetic Re-ords on a Tape or Wire Carrier. W- -,, _ EPRATUI 1 In the heading on page X, ar ul Phillipsl" read n Philpsl'. THE PATENT OFFICE, 25th November, 1 i 57 Arlcti reworas on a tape or wire carrier wound and rewound between two reels, in which the speed of the carrier during rewinding exceeds that during recording or reproducing wherein there is provided a single control knob secured on a shaft against rotation relative to control members provided on the shaft but having axial movement relative to said control members. the knob effecting by rotation in one plane in conjunction with the said control members control of certain operations of the device and after axial movement certain other operations, these movements effecting all of the mechanical movements and electrical switching operations required for each operational condition of the device. the knob being urged by spring force towards an extreme axial position relative to the control members Thus an extremely simple control of the device is obtained. it being thus excluded in contradistinction to known devices comprising a pluralitv of control knobs, that in a particular operational condition of the device the positions of the control members do not correspond to one another, unless the various control members can be locked relative to one another. DB 008401/ ( 11) /3606 150 11/57 ' F t J L Ul I Cel.

Such control members permit, moreove:. of controlling one or more electric switches. for example the main switch between a supply mains and the device a switch fod 6 s an amplifier a motor supply switch, and a switch for control of the supply to the various heads The various operational conditions of the device according to the invention may for example be: a full-off 70 position in which the main switch between the supply mains and the device is open, a position for fast rewinding, a position foer fast forward winding, a position for reproduction a position for recording via pick-75 up or radio receiver, and a position for recording via a microphone, a second-off position in which this main switch and the switch for the amplifier are closed, the motor switch, however being open, so that 80 then the amplifier can be used separately. In one extreme position of the knob, according to a further as Dect of the invetion a stop prevents rotation into a position corresponding to the operational con 85 dition in which any records on the carrier are erased and in which recording is performed the stop being disengaged by moving the control knob against the spring force Such a stop may be a lu 9 provided 90 (Price 3/6) PATENT SPECIFICATION 7859460 Date of Application and Filing Complete Specification: Oct 1, 1954. Application made in Netherlands on Oct 5, 1953. Complete Specification Published: Oct 30, i 957. No 28345/54. Index at Acceptance:-Classes 40 ( 2), D 3 (A 2: G IA: GI D G 3 E: G 2; and 80 ( 2), 52 Fl. International Classification:-FO 6 d G 10 X. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvements in or relating to Recording and/or Reproducing Devices for Magnetic Records on a Tape or Wire Carrier. We, PHILLIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES LIMITED, of Spencer House, South Place, Finsbury, London, E C 2, a British Company, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: The invention relates to a recording andlor reproducing device for magnetic records on a tape or wire carrier, in which the speed of the carrier during the rewinding operation is higher than that during recording or reproducing. 1 S According to the invention a recording and/or reproducing device is provided for magnetic records on a tape or wire carrier wound and rewound between two reels, in which the speed of the carrier during rewinding exceeds that during recording or reproducing, wherein there

is provided a single control knob secured on a shaft against rotation relative to control members provided on the shaft but having axial movement relative to said control members, the knob effecting by rotation in one plane in conjunction with the said control members control of certain operations of the device and after axial movement certain other operations, these movements effecting all of the mechanical movements and electrical switching operations required for each operational condition of the device, the knob being urged by spring force towards an extreme axial position relative to the control members Thus an extremely simple control of the device is obtained. it being thus excluded, in contradistinction to known devices comprising a plurality of control knobs, that in a particular operational condition of the device the positions of the control members do not correspond to one another, unless the various control members can be locked relative to one another. The shaft control members have profilations extending in radial and axial directions and are brought into operation by tine movements of the control knob for effecting the desired operations 50 Such control members, shaped for example in the form of discs, permit of performing the various mechanical movements, for example the release of brakes for the winding-up reel and for the winding,-of 55 reel, the interruption of contact between the carrier and its driving roller for e,ample by lifting a pressure roller, and coupling or decoupling at will of a motor with the driven reel for example by means 60 of a displaceable pressure roller. Such control members permit, moreover, of controlling one or more electric switches, for example the main switch between a supply mains and the device, a switch for 65 an amplifier, a motor supply switch, and a switch for control of the supply to the various heads The various operational conditions of the device according to the invention may for example be: a full-off 70 position in which the main switch between the supply mains and the device is open, a position for fast rewinding, a position for fast forward winding, a position for reproduction, a position for recording via pick-75 up or radio receiver, and a position for recording via a microphone, a second-off position in which this main switch and the switch for the amplifier are closed, the motor switch, however, being open, so that 80 then the amplifier can be used separately. In one extreme position of the knob, according to a further aspect of the invention, a stop prevents rotation into a position corresponding to the operational con-85 dition in which any records on the carrier are erased and in which recording is performed, the stop being disengaged by moving the control knob against the springs force Such a stop may be a lug provided 90 (Price 3/6) 785,460 On the knob itself

engaging with a part of the structure of the device when the recording position is reached The operator s thus reminded of the fact that by turning Sthe control knob into the recording position frreparable consequences are involved as the device provides that when recording it erases any records already made on the carrier Moreover, if uninitiated persons turn the control knob there will be no such irreparable effects The construction of the control knob according to the invention is such that when held in retracted and inoperative position by spring force, a brake is automatically applied to the winding-off reel, but in the position which corresponds to fast forward winding of the carrier, the brake, applied to the windingoff reel, is released by moving the control knob against the spring force so as to bring into operation a lug, secured to the knob itself Thus in this retracted position of the control knob the position corresponding to the winding position of the device can be by-passed. The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. which show diagrammatically an embodiment of the invention. Fig 1 is a partial sectional elevation view of a device according to the invention. Fig 2 is a partial plan view of the device shown in Fig 1. Fie 3 shows a diagram of the positions of the axial profilations of one control member relative to the parts of the device to be controlled, and Fie 4 is a sectional elevation view of the control knob shown in Figs 1 and 2. Figs I and 2 show two discs 3 and 4, rotatably supported by means of shafts I and 2 respectively, to these discs can be secured magnetic tape or wire receiving reels (not shown) in known manner The shafts 1 and 2 are journalled on arms 5 and 6 -respectively, which are secured to a base plate 11 of the device-by means of resilient strips 7 and 8 respectively and substantially right angle pieces 9 and 10 respectively The resilient -strips 7 and 8 allow the arms S and 6 respectively to move in the plane of -the drawing, Fig 1; the shafts 1 and 2 being moved thereby longitudinally, and the arms are proportioned and mounted so that they and hence the shafts 1 and 2 tend to occupy the highest positions The highest positions of the shafts I and 2 corresponding to driving of the discs 3 and 4 respectively by means of a slip coupling having a_-smahll torque, and the lowest positions of the shafts -1 and 2 correspond t driving -of the discs 3 -and 4 respectively by means of a slit coupling having a high torque Brake control rods 16 and 17 respectively are spring mounted by means of resilient strips 12 and 13 respectively upon the base plate 11 by means of angle pieces 14 and 15 respectively to act upon the discs 3 and 4 respectively.

The brakes each comprise an arm 18 and 70 19 respectively, to which breaking material and 21 respectively is secured The resilient strips 12 and 13 allow the brake control rods 16 and 17 respectively to move in the plane of the drawing (of Fig 1) and 75 tend to urge the braking material 20 and 21 respectively against the discs 3 and 4 respectively. A control knob 22 is provided over the base plate 11 and is secured to a shaft 2580 journalled so as to be rotatable in bearings 23 and 24 in the device The connection between the control knob 22 and the shaft is such (vide Fig 4) that it is rigid in the direction of rotation, the knob being 85 however displaceable relative to the shaft over a limited distance in the direction of length of the shaft To this end the central part 26 of the control knob 22 is provided with a bore 27 in which lies the end of 90 the shaft 25 Through this end is introduced a pin 28 which lies in slots 29 and provided each in one side of the central part 26 of the knob Thus a rotation of the knob 22 is transmitted by means of 95 the pin 28 to the shaft 25, during a movement of the knob 22 in the direction of length of the shaft 25 the pin 28 can slide in the slots 29 and 30 The latter movement of the knob '22 relative to the shaft 100 is limited by the ends 31 and 32 of the slots 29 and 30,against which ends the pin 28 abuts A control disc 33 is secured rigidly on the shaft 25 A spring 22 a disposed between this disc and the knob 22105 holds the knob in its extreme top position relative to the shaft 25 On the shaft 25 are furthermore secured two discs 34 and The disc 34 is provided with notches 36, the number of which corresponds to 110 the number of positions of the knob 22 in the direction of rotation In order to determine these positions, a spring 37 cooperates with the notches 36 in a manner such that the free end 38 of the spring lies 115 in-one of the notches 36 for each position of the disc 34 and hence of the knob 22. this position corresponding to a gih en operational condition of the device The disc 35 is provided with studs 39 and 40,120 by means of which by rotating the knob. 22 switches (not shown) associated with the -amplifier and motor circuits can be actuated, to this end the switches are arranned around the shaft 25 The disc 35 mav 125 moreover be profiled in a radial direction in order to disengage the drive between a motor and the device, for example by disengaging a friction wheel from the shaft of the driving motor or from the Part of the 130 785,460 device to be driven p The control disc 33 is provided on the tl bottom side with lugs 50, 51 and 52 The v lugs 50 and 51 are intended to co-operate 1 i with a prolongation 53 of the brake control: rod 16, the lug 52 is intended to co-operate d with a prolongation 54 of the brake control 5 rod 17 The prolongations 55 and 56 of 2 the

arms 5 and 6 respectively are also lo 1 located below the disc 33 With these pro 1 longations a lug 57, projecting through an i opening in the disc 33 and secured to the 1 knob 22, co-operates when the knob 22 is f depressed In a radial direction the lug j 57 extends so far that the prolongations 53 l and 54 can also be depressed in the denressed state of the knob 22, The knob is moreover provided with a lug 58, which strikes a stop 59 in a given position of the knob By depressing the knob 22 the lug 58 is free from the stop 59 and can turn below it. The control disc 33 is provided in a radial direction with a cam 60 for moving a pressure applying roller 61 away from a driving roller 62 for the tape or wire in certain operational conditions of the apparatus The roller 61 is journalled on an arm 63 which is pivotably secured at 64 to the structure of the device A spring urges the roller 61 against the driving roller 62 Between the arm 63 and the cam provision is made of a pin 66, which is axially movable such that the roller 61 31 engages or disengages the driving roller 62 on the knob 22 being turned. With reference to Fig 3, the left hand part of which shows the positions of the prolongations 53, 54, 55-and 56 in a dia-40 gram, and the right hand part of which shows the positions of the control lugs 50, 51 and 52 on the control disc 33 and the position of the lug 57 on the knob 22, the various positions of the knob and corre4, sponding operational conditions of the apparatus will now be described It is assumed that the knob 22 in the position shown in the right hand part of Fig 3 is located over the prolongations 53, 54, 55 Jo and 56, the arrow 70 corresponding to position I of the left hand part of the Figure In this position the prolongations 53 to 56 are free from the lugs 50, 51 and 52, whilst cam 60 engages the pin 66, so 55that the roller 61 is free from the driving roller 62 The electric switches are open in this position, so that in position I of the knob 22 the device is completely out of operation. If the knob 22 is turned into the position U 1 the roller 61 remains free from the drivine roller 62, the motor switch is on and the prolongation 53 is urged down by the luv 50 so that the brake 20 is released. 465 The discs 3 and 4 tend to be driven in oposite directions by equal low torques so hat in this position no driving of tape or wire takes place The lug 57 is now lcated over the prolongations 54 and 55, but is however free from the latter By 70 lepressing the knob 22 the prolongations 54 and 55 are urged down, so that the brake 21 is released and the arm 5 occupies its ower position, so that the disc 3 is driven by a high torque The tape or wire is thus 75 iow wound from the right hand reel on to :he left hand reel, which corresponds to a fast rewinding action, If the knob 22 is released, the prolongations

54 and 55 move upwardly The driving of the two reels is 80 again effected by equal torques and the brake 21 brakes the disc 4, so that the ta De is stopped rapidly. In position 1 IT of the knob 22 the lug 52 urges the Drolonaation 54 downwardly, the 85 brake 17 is thus released, the prolongation 53 is free so that the brake 16 brakes the disc 3 The lug 57 then lies over the vrolongations 53 and 56 Depression of the knob 22 results, somewhat similarly to 90 position II, in the depression of the prolongations 53 and 56, so that the tape or wire is wound from the left hand reel on to the right hand reel which corresponds to a fast forward winding action By re 95 leasing the knob 22 the tape is stopped in the manner described above. In position IV of the knob 22 both the prolongations 53 and 54 are urged down by the lugs 51 and 52 respectively More 100 over, the pin 66 is now free from cam 60. so that the pressure roller 61 engages the driving roller 62 Between these members is clamped the tape or wire and the motor drives the roller in such direction that a 105 slow movement of tape from the left reel to the right reel takes place The switches are operated in this direction so that records on the tape or wire are reproduced. The further rotation of the knob 22 into 110 position V is prevented by the abutment of lug 58 against stop 59 This reminds the operator of the fact that in position V any records on the tape or wire are erased. Only by depressing the knob 22, the lug 115 58 being then free from stop 59, can the knob 22 be turned further This depression does not result in any effect from lug 57, since all prolongations 53 to 56 are free from this lug The roller 61 engages the 120 driving roller 62 in this direction of the knob 22 However, the lugs 51 and 52 depress the prolongations 53 and 54, so that the brakes 20 and 21 are released In this position the switches are operated so that 125 records are made directly from a radio receiver or a pick-up. The position VI of the knob 22 does not exhibit mechanical differences from position V Only the switches occupy different 130 785,460 positions, which are suitable for recording by means of a microphone. In positions VII and VIII all prolongations 53 to 56 are free from the lugs 50, 51 and 52, the motor switch being off There is only the difference that in position VII the pressure roller 61 engages the driving roller 62, in position VIII these members are disengaged In these positions the motor is disconnected electrically from the supply source by the switches, whilst the amplifier is switched on and may be used separately. In Specification No 726,868 which although not published at the date of the present application bears an earlier priority date, there is

described and claimed a device for recording and/or reproducing magnetic sound recordings on tape shaped or wire carriers the carrier being movable in two directions and two or more operating conditions being possible in which a continuously rotatable controller is provided as a common selecting member for at least two operative conditions, said selecting member being a mechanical selecting member.

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* GB785461 (A)

Description: GB785461 (A) ? 1957-10-30

An electric asymmetrically conductive system

Description of GB785461 (A)

A high quality text as facsimile in your desired language may be available amongst the following family members:

FR1108663 (A) FR1108663 (A) less Translate this text into Tooltip

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PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of Application and Filing Complete Specification: Oct 19, 1954.

Application made in Germany on Oct 19, 1953. Complete Spcificaton Published: Oct 30, 1957. Index at Acceptance-Class 37, K(IA 1, 1 A 2: ICX: 2:5: 6 D). International Classification:-HOS I. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. An Electric Asymmetrically Conductive System. We, LICENTIA PATENT-VERWALTUNGSG.m b H, a German Body Corporate of 3132, Hohe Bleichen, Hamburg, Germany, do hereby declare the invention for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- The invention relates to electric asymmetrically conductive systems, particularly such which comprise semi-conductors with high melting point, for instance germanium, silicon, or intermetallic compounds with semi-conductive character Systems of this kind usually are accommodated within a casing consisting for instance of glass or metal, and the supply conductors are introduced through openings provided at appropriate points in the wall of the casing Such systems are sensitive to a high degree to the influence of air humidity, or to overheating, or to mechanical stresses which may occur for instance during operation Due to humidity short circuits may occur at points of the semi-conductor surface where regions of differing conductivity type border As a result of overheatng the resistance of such systems may decrease, which disturbs the conductivity type imposed by 30the impurity centres and cancels the rectifying properties The electric properties of the semi-conductors are also adversely affected to a high degree by mechanical pressure from outside Particularly during operation pressure and heat conditions vary since thermal expansion produces pressure against the semi-conductor body if, as is usually the case the systems are rigidly built-in and provided with rigid electrodes and supply conductors. It is the object of the present invention to overcome these difficulties Therefore, an electric asymmetrically conductive system, i.e a device in which a semi-conductor body and two or more electrodes in con(Price 316) tact therewith are accommodated in an airtight and moisture-proof casing, is characterised according to the invention in that the casing consists of electrically conductive parts connected together by electrically non 50 conductive parts, that each electrode is connected electrically and mechanically to one conductive part of the casing, and that the casing is so formed that it permits by elastic deformation relative movements be 55 tween those parts of it which are connected mechanically and electrically to the said electrodes Thus, apart from the fact that, due to the resiliency of the casing, the system will no longer be exposed to excessive 60

compression stresses when it expands as a result of an increased temperature, also an improved cooling of the system is obtained since the casing forms an effective cooling surface The cooling effect can be 65 substantially improved by filling the casing wholly or partly with an insulating liquid which covers the free surfaces of the system but does not attack electrically or chemically the component parts of the sys-70 tem. A particularly advantageous arrangement of the system is obtained if the casing is partly filled with a liquid the boiling point of which lies below the critical oper 75 ational temperature of the system, and if at least that part of the casing which is situated above the level of the liquid, is given an expanded surface, e g by corrugation, to increase the cooling effect If the system 8 i accommodated with such a casing acquires the operational temperature the liquid surrounding the system begins to boil and the produced vapour condenses at the wall of the casing above the liquid level so that it 85 flows back or drops back into the body of liquid In this way a particularly effective heat transfer is secured so that an overheating of the system is substantially prevented 90 785,461 No 30093 54. F ll_: ,1' Lt{^. 785,461 Alcohol or tetrachloride carbon have proved to be particularly satisfactory as cooling liquids for germanium, whilst the cest results for the cooling of silicon have been obtained with a mixture of 73 %O diphenyloxide and 27 % 1 diphenyl. The selection of a substance suited to serve as a cooling liquid is facilitated if a certain boiling point of the cooling liquid is selected by a reduction of the pressure within the casing This is advisable particularly for those systems which due to their high heat sensitivity, are operated far below the admissible maximum temperature. It is of particular advantage if the casing, which supplies the current to the electrodes of the system, is dried before the liquid is introduced, and if also the liquid is subJected to a dewatering process. 2 X Constructional examples of systems according to the teaching of the invention are snhown in diagrammatic representation in the accompanying drawings. Fig I shows a system which consists of a semi-conductor 1, a carrier electrode 2 and a counter electrode 3, which members are supported by a conductive plate 4 which is provided with bores 5 if a cooling iiquid is used The plate 4 is inserted into a cylindrical envelope 6 and is supported yv lugs or by an annular insert 7 The en-e-lope 6 consists of conductive material and serves for the current supply to the carrier electrode 2 A conductor 8 which is connected at one end to

the counter elecfrode 3 is provided at its other end with n annular projection 9 which is air-tightly pressed into an insulating member 10. This insulating member 10 is also engaged by the inner rim 11 of the envelope 6 so that the system is completely enclosed and protected against atmospheric influences A portion 12 of the surface of the envelope 6 is provided with corrugations 12 to increase its resiliency If the semi-conductor system expands due to an elevated operaional temperature, the portion 12 of the en-elope will expand and adjust itself to the expanded size of the system so that the system is protected -against mechanical overloading Likewise, should the envelope exPand or contract due to temperature variaons to which it may be exposed, no excessive pressure variations will be transmitted to the system If the envelope is Shied with a cooling liquid, the corrugated ortions 12 of the envelope will increase the heat dissipation. Fig 2 shows a construction according to o-hich the system is disposed between two iiscs 13 and 14 consisting of corrugated steet metal, which discs are connected along their circumference by means of a ring 15 of insulating material so that the space between the discs is airtightly and moisture-tilghtly enclosed The two discs 13 and 14 of corrugated sheet metal are in contact with the electrodes of the system and serve also in this case for the current supply and are adapted to yield to mechanica 170 stresses which may occur during the operation of the system To each disc 13 or 14 a supply conductor may be connected by means of which the system can be connected in the circuit arrangement of which it forms 75 a member. Fig 3 illustrates another constructional example which is particularly suited for systems of high output The system is disposed at the bottom of a cup-like container 80 16, whilst an additional smaller and likewise cup-shaped container 17 is placed on the system in such a manner that both containers have the same axis The interspace between both containers is air-tightly closed 85 by means of an insulating annular disc 18. Both containers are corrugated at the portion 19 and 20 respectively of their surface so that the mechanical forces dues to an expansion of the system during operation may 90 be taken by the said corrugations The casing is partly filled with a cooling liquid 21 which evaporates during operation and fills with its vapour the space 22 which is free from liquid, so that the vapour con-95 denses at the portions 19 and 20 of the surface of the casing and then flows automatically back to the body of the liquid. A system which is suited to be operated in any position is represented in Fig 4 100 Here the envelope 23 is formed by two cupshaped members

with a re-entrant central portion 24 and 25 respectively The two re-entrant portions 24 and 25 are in contact with the system and serve for the cur 101 rent supply to it The outer rims of the cup-shaped portions are connected together by means of a ring 26 of insulating material so that both cup-shaped portions are insulated from each other Thus the 111 two cup-shaped portions, which -have a large cooling surface, form an annular in-ner space which is filled with a cooling liquid 27 The inner space is only partly filled' with the cooling liquid as shown, and 115 -the quantity of the cooling liquid will be advantageously chosen such that if the envelope is in such a position that the liquid assumes a configuration which has the greatest surface area, the liquid will just cover 120 a smallest imaginary sphere by which the system could be surrounded The mentioned greatest surface area which the cooling liquid can assume, means in the present case not only the free surface bordering the 125 part of the space which is free from liquid, but in addition also the total surface of the liquid which is in contact with the wall of the envelope or with the system If the above mentioned instructions are observed 130 785,461 vilen the liquid is filled in, then each in change of the position of the system may be St regarded as a rotation about the centre of ni the mentioned smallest sphere, so that, due p: to the constant volume of the liquid, the surface can only be reduced but can never m assume a larger value than the initial value ii Therefore, the height of the liquid level can o only rise above the centre of the sphere, c and it is always ensured that the system is completely covered by the liquid In prac v tice, the required filling can be ascertained 1 i easily in such a manner that a model of the t envelope is made from a transparent mater s ial, that this envelope is suspended on gim E bals, and that by variation of the polar-co t ordinates each possible position within the I gravity field may be obtained. It will be appreciated that, if an envelope and a filling is used as described in connection with Fig 4, the system can be operated in any position without the danger that as a result of a change of position the system is no longer fully covered by the liquid The entire wall of the envelope serves as a cooling surface and it will serve as a condensing surface if part of the cooling liquid evaporates As a result of the special configuration, which has been given to the envelope shown in Fig 4, there will always remain above the system a space which serves for the collection of the vapours and for their condensation. It will be understood that the configuration of the envelope shown in Fig 4 is only an example and that modifications are possible provided the envelope is so shaped, that in each position thereof a space above

the system remains to which an evenly rising special connection leads from system, that envelope is filled with a cooling liquid so that a space remains in the envelope without liquid, and that the liquid in the position of the envelope wherein the liquid has the largest total surface, just covers the smallest geometric sphere around the system.

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* GB785462 (A)

Description: GB785462 (A) ? 1957-10-30

Improvements in agitator means for washing machines

Description of GB785462 (A)

PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of filing Complete Specification: Oct 4, 1955. A 4 pplication Date: Oct 28, 1954 No 31138/54. Complete Specification Published: Oct 30, 1957. Index at Acceptance:-Class 138 ( 2), A 1 E. International lasification:-DO 61. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION. Improvements in Agitator Means for Washing Machines. We, HORATIO GEORGE ADAMS, a British Subject, and ADAMS BROS & BURNLEY LIMITED, a British Company, both of Harrow Sheet Metal Works, Elmgrove 6 Road, Harrow, Middlesex, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: - The present invention relates to improvements in agitator means for washing and cleaning machines and is concerned with a rotary agitator means which is adapted to be suitably positioned in a washing vessel

for the purpose of both agitating the washing liquid in the vessel and directing streams of liquid towards the articles being washed, for the purpose of ensuring an efficient washing or cleaning action. In accordance with the present invention a rotary agitator or impeller comprises a one-piece disc-shaped member adapted to receive a rotary motion and provided with surface protuberances and also with apertures or slots formed within the confines of the member and adapted and positioned so as to direct jets of liquid outwardly of the agitator or impeller itself approximately in the axial direction Thereby the degree to which the articles being washed can come into physical contact with the protuberances of the disc during rotation thereof, is minimised. Preferably the protuberances may be arranged substantially radially of the disc and the apertures may be narrow radial slots positioned comparatively close to the radial protuberances so as to direct the liquid primarily over either the peaks of said protuberances near a comparatively short and steeply rising face thereof, or alternatively primarily over a long and comlPrice 3 s 6 d l paratively less sloping face thereof, where the protuberances are of this configuration, that is having a steeply sloped face on one side and a gradually sloped face which may extend as far as the next adjacent protuberance. For this purpose the walls of the slots may be somewhat inclined in relation to the axis of rotation so as to impart a scooping motion to the liquid. The agitator means according to the present invention may be formed of metal, in which case the disc may be in the form of a pressing of suitable shape and of general dished configuration or it may be formed of moulded material such as one of the well-known mouldable synthetic resin plastics. Two embodiments according to the present invention are shown diagrammatically on the accompanying drawings by way of example, wherein:Figs 1 and 3 are plan views of the agitator according to the two embodiments; and Figs 2 and 4 are sectional views respectively on the lines II-II of Fig 1 and IV-IV of Fig 3. In the embodiments shown the rotary agitator or impeller comprises a main disc and a hub portion 6 adapted to be mounted on a projecting shaft extending into a washing vessel and either on the bottom wall or on one of the side walls so that the disc lies comparatively closely against the adjacent wall of the vessel The impeller disc 5 is formed of thin section and is fixed to said hub 6 which may be peripherally grooved to receive it, the material being spun into said groove or being moulded thereon in the case of a moulded impeller The hub may have a bore to receive the driving shaft and the latter may carry a projecting pin engag7859462 785,462 ing a slotted part 7 of the hub

which may if desired be slightly inclined to the axis to ensure that the hub is forced against the shaft end on rotation of the shaft. a The impeller disc 5 may be of dished configuration, having a curved shape in section with the extreme rim 8 curving towards the wall of the vessel, and it may be moulded or shaped so as to have four radially extending protuberances 9 thereon, said protuberances having a comparatively gradually sloped face 10 on one side which has a gradual rise as seen in the direction of rotation of the impeller, while the opposite face 11 of the protuberance is comparatively steep and then merges into the gradual slope 10 of the next following protuberance and so on. In the arrangement of Figs 1 and 2 narrow radial slots 12 are cut in the impeller disc being bounded on all sides by the material of the disc These slots lie on the gradually sloping face 10 near the peaks 9 of the protuberances and said slots may each have a wall 13 running outwardly nearly parallel to the plane containing the axis of the driving shaft so as to merge with the extreme portion of the gradually rising face of the protuberance; this has the effect of directing jets of water over the tops of the peaks of the protuberances on rotation in the anti-clockwise direction indicated and of keeping the materials being washed from harsh physical contact with the peaks of the protuberances during rotation of the impeller The inclination of the face 13 to the plane containing the axis of rotation of the disc is such as to exert a scooping action on the liquid in the washing vessel. In the form of the invention shown in Figs 3 and 4 the construction is generally similar to Figs 1 and 2, and the same reference characters are used In this case the disc 5 is intended to be rotated in the opposite direction and the slots 12 are so arranged that a stream of water is directed over the longer face of the protuberances having a comparatively small slope To assist the delivery of the water in this direction, the face of the slot opposite to the wall 13 of Figs 1 and 2 may be extended in a direction nearly parallel to the plane containing the axis of rotation of the impeller as shown at 14 so as to direct the washing liquid -mainly in the required direction, i e. along the long sloping face 10 and with a supplementary scooping action. Uf the agitator disc 5 is formed of metal it could for example be formed as a pressing or as a die casting or it may be of fabricated aluminium construction preferably subjected after production to an anodising treatment. In the case of a moulded impeller disc of metal or moulded plastic the hub may be 65 moulded as an integral part thereof or alternatively in the case of a pressing or moulding either from metal or from a

laminated plastic the disc part may be attached to a separate hub In this case the hub may be 70 knurled vertically and peened to give a positive drive.

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