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InspectionInspection & Test& TestOverviewOverview

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Why does an electrical installation require Inspection and Testing?

BS 7671:2001

711-01-01 Every installation shall, during711-01-01 Every installation shall, during

erection and on completion erection and on completion before beingbefore being

put into serviceput into service be inspected and tested to be inspected and tested to

verify, so far as is reasonably practicable,verify, so far as is reasonably practicable,

that the requirements of the Regulations that the requirements of the Regulations

have been methave been met

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Before being put into service

““It’s ok misses we've finished the electric's,It’s ok misses we've finished the electric's,

we've put the supply on”. “be back nextwe've put the supply on”. “be back next

week to test it”week to test it”

Simple: If it has not been inspected and tested,

it should not be energised.

No discussion - No connection!No discussion - No connection!

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712-01-01 Inspection

The inspection shall be made to verify that the installed electrical equipment is:

(i) in compliance with Section 511 compliance with standards - British Standards or, Harmonized Standard

(ii) correctly selected and erected in accordance with the Regulations

(iii) not visibly damaged or defective so as to impair safety

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Certification

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Every Inspection and Test mustbe recorded on the appropriatecertificate

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The Installation Certificate

“Where do I use it?”

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• For new installations

• For alterations or additions that include a new circuit

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The Installation Certificate

“what does it consist of?”

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• Details of client

• Installation address - Must include post code

• Description and extent of the installation

• Signatories those with a responsibility for (i) The design (ii) The construction (iii) The inspection and testing

• Recommend date for next inspection

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Who recommends the date for the next inspection (Periodic) ?

THE DESIGNER

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Who recommends the date for subsequentinspections and tests (Periodic) ?

THE INSPECTOR

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SUPPLY CHARACTERISTICS AND EARTHING ARRANGEMENTS

• TN-C (of specialist nature)

• TN-S• TN-C-S • TT

• IT (of specialist nature)

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Number and type of live conductors

• whether the supply is a.c. or d.c.• number of phases• number of poles

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Nature of Supply Parameters

• nominal voltage U/Uo (V) Fixed

• nominal frequency, f (Hz) Fixed

• external loop impedance Ze ()

• prospective fault current, Ipf (kA)

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Prospective Fault Current (Ipf) kA

May be obtained by

• Measurement

• Calculation

• Enquiry Public Electricity Supply (PES)

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External loop impedance Ze

May be obtained by

• Measurement

• Calculation

• Enquiry

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Supply Protective Device Characteristics (PES)

• Type i.e. BS 1361 Type 2, BS 88

• Nominal current rating (A)

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Particulars of installation referred to in the certificate

• Means of earthing

• Maximum demandMaximum demand (Not rating of (Not rating of

serviceservice head fuse)head fuse)

• Details of earth electrode resistance Details of earth electrode resistance if applicableif applicable

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Review - Characteristics of Supply

313-01-01 The following characteristicsof the supply or supplies, from whateversource shall be determined by calculation, measurement, enquiry or inspection

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• The nominal voltage/s

• The nature of the current and frequency

• The prospective short circuit current

• Earth fault loop impedance Ze

• Maximum demand after diversity

• Type and rating of overcurrent device at the origin of the installation

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Main Protective Conductors

Earthing Conductor

• Material Cu - copper etc

• c.s.a

• Connection verified (low resistance ohmmeter)

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Main Equipotential Bonding Conductors

• Material Cu - copper etc

• c.s.a

• Connection verified (low resistance ohmmeter recommended maximum value 0.05)

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BS /BS EN NumberNumber of PolesCurrent RatingVoltage Rating

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Main Switch or Circuit Breaker

• BS Type and Number of Poles

• Current rating (A)

• Voltage rating

• Fuse rating or setting

• Location

• RCD In (mA) and operating time (mS) at In

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Comments on Existing Installation

To be used for alterations or additions

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Schedule of items inspected

Refer to ScheduleCommon to both Installation

&Periodic Inspection Report

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The Visual Inspection

Chapter 71 Initial Verification

Footnote to Regulation 711-01-01Precautions shall be taken to avoid danger to persons and to avoid damageto property and installed equipmentduring inspection and testing

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The Visual Inspection

712 Inspection

Inspection shall precede testing andshall normally done with that part of theinstallation under inspection disconnected from the supply

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Test equipment to GS 38

Probes 4mm max pref 2mm max

Fused Leads

Finger Guards

Safe Isolation

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Schedule of Test Results

Refer to Schedule

Common to both Installation&

Periodic Inspection Report

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Periodic Inspection Report (PIR)

• Change of use or ownership

• As a result of damage. Fire - Flood etc

• Electrical overloading

• To ensure compliance/continued compliance with the Regulations

• Mortgage/Insurance request

• Local bylaws - Places of public entertainment - Theatres/Cinemas etc

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Periodic Inspection Report (PIR)

• Some areas common to Installation Certificate, i.e.

• Details of client and installation

• Recommended next inspection date

• Signature of competent person

• Supply characteristics

• Particulars of installation

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(PIR) continued

• Schedule of inspection

• Schedule of test results

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Major Differences

• Estimated age of installation?

• Evidence of alterations or additions?

• Are there records available?

• Extent and limitations

• Observations and recommendations

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Extent and Limitations

• Extent - Details indicating what part/sExtent - Details indicating what part/s of the installation will be inspected andof the installation will be inspected and testedtested

• Limitations - State exactly what items are excluded, i.e. portable appliances, fire alarm systems, emergency lighting, cctv, door entry systems, smoke detectors etc.

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Numerical codeNumerical code

Departures from BS 7671 must be allocateda numerical code

• 1. requires urgent attention

• 2. Requires improvement

• 3. Requires further investigation

• 4. Does not comply with BS 7671 - imply that installation is unsafe

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Minor Works

An alteration or addition to an existing installation that does not include the addition of a new circuit, i.e. spur to radial or ring circuit etc.