3-5-15 Electricity Powerpoint - WordPress.com · 2020. 6. 3. · Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page...

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Transcript of 3-5-15 Electricity Powerpoint - WordPress.com · 2020. 6. 3. · Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page...

ELECTRICITY5th Class Power Engineering Book 3 Unit 5 Chapter 15

Learning Outcome

Discuss the design and accessories of an electrical circuit describe the design and troubleshooting of electric motors

Objective 1

Explain electricity electric circuits and voltage drop

Elements

Primary substances that combine for all matter

Atom

Smallest particle of an element that possess all of the characteristics of that element

Molecule

Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance

NaCl O2

CH4

Atoms form molecules by combining together

Model of the Atom

Made up of sub-atomic particles

Atoms

Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons

Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table

Same number of electrons as protons

Charge

Electrical Forces in Atoms

Electrical forces within an Atom

Valence electron

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Learning Outcome

Discuss the design and accessories of an electrical circuit describe the design and troubleshooting of electric motors

Objective 1

Explain electricity electric circuits and voltage drop

Elements

Primary substances that combine for all matter

Atom

Smallest particle of an element that possess all of the characteristics of that element

Molecule

Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance

NaCl O2

CH4

Atoms form molecules by combining together

Model of the Atom

Made up of sub-atomic particles

Atoms

Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons

Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table

Same number of electrons as protons

Charge

Electrical Forces in Atoms

Electrical forces within an Atom

Valence electron

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Objective 1

Explain electricity electric circuits and voltage drop

Elements

Primary substances that combine for all matter

Atom

Smallest particle of an element that possess all of the characteristics of that element

Molecule

Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance

NaCl O2

CH4

Atoms form molecules by combining together

Model of the Atom

Made up of sub-atomic particles

Atoms

Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons

Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table

Same number of electrons as protons

Charge

Electrical Forces in Atoms

Electrical forces within an Atom

Valence electron

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Elements

Primary substances that combine for all matter

Atom

Smallest particle of an element that possess all of the characteristics of that element

Molecule

Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance

NaCl O2

CH4

Atoms form molecules by combining together

Model of the Atom

Made up of sub-atomic particles

Atoms

Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons

Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table

Same number of electrons as protons

Charge

Electrical Forces in Atoms

Electrical forces within an Atom

Valence electron

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Atom

Smallest particle of an element that possess all of the characteristics of that element

Molecule

Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance

NaCl O2

CH4

Atoms form molecules by combining together

Model of the Atom

Made up of sub-atomic particles

Atoms

Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons

Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table

Same number of electrons as protons

Charge

Electrical Forces in Atoms

Electrical forces within an Atom

Valence electron

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Molecule

Smallest particle of a particular kind of matter (a substance) that displays the properties of that substance

NaCl O2

CH4

Atoms form molecules by combining together

Model of the Atom

Made up of sub-atomic particles

Atoms

Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons

Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table

Same number of electrons as protons

Charge

Electrical Forces in Atoms

Electrical forces within an Atom

Valence electron

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Model of the Atom

Made up of sub-atomic particles

Atoms

Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons

Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table

Same number of electrons as protons

Charge

Electrical Forces in Atoms

Electrical forces within an Atom

Valence electron

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Atoms

Atoms of each element have a unique number of protons

Number of protons is indicated by the atomic number in the periodic table

Same number of electrons as protons

Charge

Electrical Forces in Atoms

Electrical forces within an Atom

Valence electron

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Charge

Electrical Forces in Atoms

Electrical forces within an Atom

Valence electron

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Electrical Forces in Atoms

Electrical forces within an Atom

Valence electron

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Electrical forces within an Atom

Valence electron

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

ldquoChargerdquo is Small

00000000000000000001602 coulombelectron

624 x 1018 eletronscoulomb

6240000000000000000 electronscoulomb

Amp = 1 coulombsecond

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Valence Electrons

The electrons in the outer shell

Determines the way the atom behaves in chemical reactions and chemical bonding

The atoms of each element have unique number of valence electrons

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Atoms Ions

Atom Ion

Protons = Electrons

Balanced charge electrically neutral

Protons gt Electrons

Unbalanced charge electrically positive

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Metallic Bonding

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Electrons in a wire

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

More like

Drift speedmdashapproximately 1 metrehr

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Electricity

Electromotive Forcemdashvoltagemdashmeasured in volts

Causes flow of electrons in a conductormdashcurrentmdashmeasured in amperes (amps)

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

EMF

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

EMF

Measured in volts Joulescoulomb

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Electricity

Uniform flow of electrons from atom to atom in a conductor Known as ldquocurrentrdquo measured in amperes (ampsmdashA)

Electrons are charge carriers Energy of the charge is capable of doing workgenerating

heat in a circuitrsquos load Load known as resistance measured in ohms

Electron flow (current) is caused by a force Known as potential difference or Electromotive Force (EMF)

measured in volts (V)

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Re-cap

Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting about the nucleus of an atom

Current flow is the movement of electrons in a uniform direction from atom to atom

Conventional current flow is from positive to negative Conductors present little resistance to the flow of

electrons Insulators will not allow a flow of electrons

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

EMF-Electromotive Force

Devices that can provide EMF Electrochemical cells (batteries) Electrical generators Transformers Thermoelectric devices Solar cells Photodiodes

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

AC DC

Alternating Currentmdashreverses polarity many timessecond

Direct Currentmdashconstant polarity Battery DC Generator

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Electric vs Water Circuits

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Hydraulic Analogy - Page 15-4

Water pump = source of EMF (Battery or Generator)

Hose = conductors (metal wire) larger diameter = less resistance

Water motor = electrical load

Delivery pressure of pump (psikPa) = EMF volts Rate of flow of water (gpm) electrons Amps Work of water motor = work of electrical load

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Voltage Drop

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Voltage Drop

Voltage = force As work is done

Move electrons through conductors and connected loads Force is converted to heatmovement Diminishing amount of initial force remains to

continue to do work

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Learning Objective 2

Calculate current and power in an electrical circuit estimate the cost of electrical power for a facility and describe how to read a power meter

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

PowermdashRate of doing work

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Power

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Power

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Power-rate of doing work

1 volt (force) x 1 amp = 1 watt

Electrical Calculation Conventions Currentmdashampsmdashabbreviated ldquoIrdquo EMFmdashvoltsmdashabbreviated ldquoErdquo

P = IE

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Electrical Circuit Calculations

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Measuring Power

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Current

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Energy-use

Energy used = Power x length of time used

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Energy

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Power then Energy

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Paying for Energy

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Paying For Energy

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Cost of energy

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Energy then cost

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Energy then cost

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Demand MetermdashFigs 4 amp 5

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Read the Meter

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Learning Objective 3

Describe circuit accessories including switches fuses breakers receptacles

Explain the danger of electric shock

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Switches

Controls the flow of electricity to a device

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

FusemdashFig 7 amp 8

Safety device Protects equipment and electrical supply system from

electrical overload (high current)

Metal wire or strip that melts when higher-than-rated amount of current goes through it Too many devices connected to a circuit Short circuit by having two ldquohotrdquo conductors touch Heavy load on a motor Lightening strike

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Circuit Breaker

Safety device Protects against over-current in a circuit Bimetallic strip Current flows causes heat bends strip interrupts

flow

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Circuit Breaker

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Receptacle

Connection between device and building electrical supply

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Electrical Safety

Current is lethalmdashdisrupts heart function heat of electricity can burn human tissue

Never be the path of least resistance in an electrical circuit

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician do electrical work

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Electrical Safety

Part 38 of Workplace Safety and Health Regulation under the Manitoba Workplace Safety and Health Act

Manitoba Electricians Licence Act and Electricians Licensing Regulation

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Electrical work in Damp Locations

WSH Regulation 3811 When work is being done in a damp location or in a

metallic enclosure including a drum tank vessel or boiler an employer must ensure that electrical circuits are protected by a class ldquoArdquo ground fault circuit interrupter

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Learning Objective 4

Explain what constitutes a good lighting system Explain maintenance of a lighting system and

troubleshooting of incandescent and fluorescent systems

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Lighting Systems

Sufficient quantity of light Light that is free from glare Light that is free from objectionable shadows The ldquoright kindrdquo of light

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Glare

Brightness that causes discomfort Seeing the bulb or a reflection of the bulb without

looking directly at it Solved by translucent shade for the bulbmdashdiffuses light ldquoLuminous ceilingrdquo under fluorescent bulbs

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Shadows

Direct Lightingmdashlight on areas to be lit Indirect lightingmdashlights on ceilings and walls

Good lighting needs to be mix

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Quality

Fluorescent bulbs approximate daylight spectrum Important when highlighting colour in a room ldquodeluxe cool whiterdquo

Incandescent bulbs tend to be more orange-red less blue-green

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Fluorescent Lamp Failure Page 15-17

The end of life failure mode for fluorescent lamps varies depending on how they are used and their control gear type Often the light will turn pinkmdashloss of mercurymdashwith black burns on the ends of the lamp due to sputtering of emission mix

The lamp may also flicker at a noticeable rate

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Safety while cleaningservicing fixtures changing bulbs

Only licensed electricians or registered apprentices under the direct supervision a licensed electrician change ballasts or do any other work on electrical components

Shut down power when changing bulbs Part 38 of the WSH Regulation 387 When work is being done near exposed energized

electrical equipment an employer must ensure that the work is done in a manner that prevents a worker from contacting the equipment

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Safe Work Procedure

SWP

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Learning Objective 5

Describe simple electrical problems including short circuits grounds and bad connections

Describe static electricity

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Common Electrical Problems

Short Circuit Ground Bad ConnectionOpen Circuit

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=3hyMggzguwY 102

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Ground Fault Interrupter

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Static Electricity

Excess or deficiency of electrons on a surface

Results in a surface of high electrical potential capable of discharging to any nearby surface that is at a lower electrical potential

The electricity discharges in a spark

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Caused By

Rubbing or flow-contact liquid flows though a pipe or hose or though an opening in a pipe or hose spraying or coating blending or mixing filling tanks drums cans or pails dry powdered material passes through chutes or

pneumatic conveyors

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Static Electricity Hazard

The main hazard of static electricity is the creation of sparks in an explosive or flammable atmosphere These sparks can set off an explosion or fire The danger is greatest when flammable liquids are being poured or transferred

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Four Conditions of Hazard

There must be a means for a static charge to develop

Enough energy must build up to cause ignition

There must be a discharge of this energy (a spark)

The spark must occur in an ignitable vapour or dust mixture

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Control Measures

Some ways to prevent static charges from accumulating on materials are bonding and grounding Humidification static collectors Additives

No volatile vapours in cleaning supplies

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Objective 6

Describe transformers and electric motors Explain motor types bearing care and

troubleshooting of motors

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Induction

Current flowing through a conductor causes a magnetic field to form around the conductor motor

A magnetic field that rises and falls around a conductor causes current to flow in the conductor Generatortransformer

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=pQp6bmJPU_0 102

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Transformers

Magnetic fields induce electromotive force causing current to flow

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=b6uru1lYUeI Until 430

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

AC Motors

Synchronous Induction httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=w5ugeGOOjso Motor course-til 438

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=bht9AJ1eNYc Electromagnatism full show

Single phase induction with capacitor httpsyoutubeawrUxv7B-a8

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

AC Motors

Voltagemdashlow voltage raises current draw and reduces torque Frequency Phase Current Power factor kW or Horsepowermdashability to deliver torque needed at

rated speed Full-load speed Efficiency Dutymdasheg continuous 50 Insulation classmdashfurther down alphabet better performance Maximum ambient temperature Enclosure FramemdashNEMA charts (National Electrical Manufacture) Bearings Drive end amp non-drive end NEMA Letter codemdashstart currenthpmdashlowest is A NEMA Design letter-torquecurrent characteristics NEMA Service factormdashhigher than rated power

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Enclosures

Open Drip Proof (ODP) Allows air to circulate through the windings for cooling but

prevent drops of liquid from falling into motor within a 15 degree angle from vertical Typically used for indoor applications in relatively clean dry locations

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled

TEFC Prevents the free exchange of air between the inside and

outside of the frame but does not make the frame completely air tight A fan is attached to the shaft and pushes air over the frame during its operation to help in the cooling process

httpswwwyoutubecomwatchv=8raG1ZxunA8

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Totally Enclosed Wash Down

Designed to withstand high pressure wash-downs or other high humidity or wet environments Available on TEAO TEFC and ENV enclosures totally enclosed hostile and severe environment motors

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Totally Enclosed Nonventilated

Similar to a TEFC but has no cooling fan and relies on convention for cooling No vent openings tightly enclosed to prevent the free exchange of air but not airtight

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Totally Enclosed Air Over

Dust-tight fan and blower duty motors designed for shaft mounted fans or belt driven fans The motor must be mounted within the airflow of the fan

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Bearings

support and locate the rotor keep the air gap small and consistent to transfer loads from the shaft to the motor frame

enable high and low speed operation minimize friction save power

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Sealed Ball and Roller Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Sleeve Bearing

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Sleeve Bearing

Approval Marks

Manitoba page

Approval Marks

Manitoba page