LESSON 1INTRODUCTION OF FIRST AID

WHAT IS FIRST AID??

急救的定义First Aid is the treatment given to the casualty for an injury or sudden illness before the arrival of the ambulance or medical assistance (Doctor/ Nurse)

THE PURPOSES OF FIRST AID

•To preserve life 保存生命•To prevent deterioration in casualty’s condition.防止伤势恶化•To promote recovery 促进复原•To protect the unconscious

FIRST AIDER’S RESPONSIBILITIESYOU SHOULD:• Rapid but calm approach应对•Make quick assessment评估 of the situation and

casualty.•Make a correct diagnosis诊断 of the condition.•Give immediate and appropriate适当

management.•Arrange proper and appropriate disposal处理 of

casualty.

FIRST AIDER’S RESPONSIBILITIES• End responsibilities when the casualty is

handed over to the care of medical assistance or appropriate person.• First aider should not leave when there are

no one could take charge the casualty.

ASSESSMENT评估OF THE SITUATION

• 发生什么事？• 现场有什么对我有危险 Danger 的，旁观者 By

Standers 和伤者 Casualty ？• 多少位伤者？• 伤者的情况 Condition 会是怎样的？• 谁的生命是有危险的？• 什么资源 Resources 是可以当场利用的？• 有什么特别的需要 Special needed ？

DRSABC

Check for Danger 的细部流程

PRIMARY ASSESMENT

1.Check for responsiveness-Alert (conscious)-Voice(semiconscious)-Pain-Unresponsive (unconscious)

Check for Response 的细部流程

2. ENSURE OPEN AIRWAY-HEAD TILT 倾斜 CHIN 下巴 LIFT

3.CHECK BREATHING-LOOK, FEEL, LISTEN

4.CHECK FOR CIRCULATION

S- Sign and Symptom A- AllergyM- MedicationP- Previous medical historyL- Last mealE- Event history

History- taken directly from bystanders

PRINCIPLE OF DIAGNOSIS 诊断