Mr. WellsMr. WellsHickory Ridge HSHickory Ridge HS

The Republican

Party &

President William H.

Taft

President Taft• Won election of William Jennings

Bryan in 1908• Supported by Theodore Roosevelt

- Taft was TR’s Secretary of State• Never got credit for busting 90 trusts• Payne-Aldrich Tariff

– Taft wanted to lower tariffs– Roosevelt warned against this– Congress passed tariff which

barely cut tariffs and raised prices on some of them

– Taft lost a lot of support from Progressives

Never Again!

Taft Abandons Support for Women’s Taft Abandons Support for Women’s SuffrageSuffrage

Conservation

Issue:

TheBallinger-Pinchot

Controversy

Keepthe

WhistleBlowin

g

Taft was Taft was determined to determined to defeat TR and preserve the defeat TR and preserve the Republican Party.Republican Party.

Republican Party PlatformHigh import tariffs.High import tariffs.

Put limitations on female and child Put limitations on female and child labor.labor.Workman’s Compensation Laws.Workman’s Compensation Laws.Against initiative, referendum, and Against initiative, referendum, and recall.recall.Favored businesses – against bad Favored businesses – against bad truststrustsCreation of a Federal Trade Creation of a Federal Trade Commission.Commission.Stay on the gold standard.Stay on the gold standard.Conservation of natural resources Conservation of natural resources because they are finite.because they are finite.

The Progressive

Party &Former

President Theodore RooseveltPeople should risePeople should riseabove their sectarianabove their sectarianinterests to promote the general good.interests to promote the general good.

Theodore Roosevelt atOsawatomie, KS: New Nationalism

Big business requires Big business requires big big governmentgovernment..

TheAnti-Third-Term

Principle

Progressive Party PlatformWomen’s suffrage.Women’s suffrage.

Graduated income tax.Graduated income tax.Inheritance tax for the rich.Inheritance tax for the rich.Lower tariffs.Lower tariffs.Limits on campaign Limits on campaign spending.spending.Currency reform.Currency reform.Minimum wage laws.Minimum wage laws.Govt. supervision of big Govt. supervision of big businessbusinessAbolition of child labor.Abolition of child labor.Workmen’s compensation.Workmen’s compensation.

NNeeww

NNaattiioonnaalliissmm

As Big As a Balloon

Tariff ReformTariff Reform

TR&

Women’s

Suffrage:

The Militan

t Recruit

The Socialist Party & Eugene V. Debs

The issue is Socialism The issue is Socialism versus Capitalism. I am versus Capitalism. I am for Socialism because for Socialism because I I am for humanityam for humanity..

Growth of the Socialist VoteYear

Socialist Party

Socialist Labor Party Total

1888   2,068 2,068

1890   13,704 13,704

1892   21,512 21,512

1894   30,020 30,020

1896   36,275 36,274

1898   82,204 82,204

1900 96,931 33,405 130,3361902 223,494 53,763 277,2571904 408,230 33,546 441,7761906 331,043 20,265 351,3081908 424,488 14,021 438,5091910 607,674 34,115 641,7891912 901,873901,873

The Industrial Worker: I. W. W.

The first American labor group to open its The first American labor group to open its membership to all wage-earning workers, membership to all wage-earning workers, regardless of skill, nationality, race, sex, or regardless of skill, nationality, race, sex, or gender.gender.

Socialist Party PlatformGovernment ownership of Government ownership of railroads and utilities railroads and utilities (Business).(Business).Guaranteed income tax.Guaranteed income tax.No tariffs.No tariffs.8-hour work day.8-hour work day.Better housing.Better housing.Government inspection of Government inspection of factories.factories.Women’s suffrage.Women’s suffrage.

The Democratic Party &Governor Woodrow

Wilson (NJ)

Could he Could he rescue the rescue the Democratic Democratic Party from Party from ““BryanismBryanism”??”??

Democratic Party PlatformGovernment control of the Government control of the

monopolies monopolies trusts in general were bad trusts in general were bad supports small business supports small businessTariff reduction.Tariff reduction.One-term President.One-term President.Direct election of Senators.Direct election of Senators.Create a Department of Labor.Create a Department of Labor.Strengthen the Sherman Anti-Strengthen the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.Trust Act.Did NOT support women’s Did NOT support women’s suffrage.suffrage.Opposed to a central bank.Opposed to a central bank.

NNeeww

FFrreeeeddoomm

UpAgain

st the

Hurdles

Election Results

By 1912, 100,000 fewer people had voted By 1912, 100,000 fewer people had voted for Wilson than had voted for Bryan in for Wilson than had voted for Bryan in 1908.1908.The 1912 election marked the The 1912 election marked the endend of the of the Socialist movement in America.Socialist movement in America.

GOP Divided by Bull Moose

Equals Democratic Victory!

Democrats Take The White House

NJ Gov. Woodrow Wilson NJ Gov. Woodrow Wilson elected Presidentelected PresidentNew FreedomNew Freedom Platform Platform

Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914Corporations can’t buy Corporations can’t buy stockstock if it creates a if it creates a

monopolymonopolyInjunctions against strikers prohibited Injunctions against strikers prohibited unless they unless they destroy propertydestroy propertySamuel Gompers (AFL) calls it the Samuel Gompers (AFL) calls it the Magna Magna CartaCarta for labor for laborLabor Unions and Farm organizations can Labor Unions and Farm organizations can existexist no longer subject to no longer subject to Anti-Trust lawsAnti-Trust laws

Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914

The Federal Trade Commission 1914

Power to investigate corporations and Power to investigate corporations and unfair unfair business practicesbusiness practicesRequired periodic reports from Required periodic reports from corporationscorporations

Federal Trade Commission in Washington, DC

The Underwood Act of 1913Greatly reduced tariffs (1Greatly reduced tariffs (1stst since Civil War) since Civil War)

Wilson urged voters to monitor their Wilson urged voters to monitor their Senators votesSenators votesSenate wanted this more than the HouseSenate wanted this more than the House

The Sixteenth Amendment

- Taxed more on higher incomes than lower - Gained more revenue in 1917 than tariffs

The Federal Reserve System (1913)

Divided the Nation in Divided the Nation in 1212 Districts DistrictsEstablished Established regionalregional banks in each district banks in each districtTransfersTransfers money money to banks in trouble to banks in trouble

The Federal Reserve System (1913)

The Women’s StruggleBy 1910, onlyBy 1910, only 5 5 states allowed women to states allowed women to votevoteBoston groups organized door to door Boston groups organized door to door campaigncampaignNational Women’s PartyNational Women’s Party created (Radical) created (Radical) picketed the White Housepicketed the White House

Success to Women’s SuffrageActive local & grass root groupsActive local & grass root groups

New strategies to build enthusiasmNew strategies to build enthusiasmNational Movement under National Movement under Carrie Chapman Carrie Chapman CattCatt1919thth Amendment finally Amendment finally

passed in 1920passed in 1920

President Wilson’s Broken Promises

Opposed federal anti-lynching legislationOpposed federal anti-lynching legislationAppointed segregationists to his CabinetAppointed segregationists to his CabinetFailed to oppose resegregation of federal Failed to oppose resegregation of federal officesofficesDelegation of Delegation of African-African-AmericansAmericans told Wilson he told Wilson he

betrayed them (11/12/1914)betrayed them (11/12/1914)

William M. TrotterWilliam M. Trotter

BIBLIOGRAPHY““1912—Competing Visions for 1912—Competing Visions for America.”America.”Ohio State University.Ohio State University.http://history.osu.edu/projects/1912/

HarpWeek/Elections. “Election of HarpWeek/Elections. “Election of 1912.”1912.”http://www.elections.harpweek.coSusan M. Pojer – Horace Greely HS, Susan M. Pojer – Horace Greely HS, NYNYChris Balga – Hickory Ridge HS, NCChris Balga – Hickory Ridge HS, NC