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SAP Workflow Course
Section 09-01: Tasks
November, 2001
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 2
Tasks
Contents:
• Basics for defining a task
• Advanced components for defining a task
• Task Groups
• Business Workflow Explorer
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 3
Tasks: Objectives
At the conclusion of this section, you will be able to:
• Create a task
• Define the basic components of a task
• Define the advanced components of a task
• Define and use Task Groups for structuring tasks
• Use the Business Workflow Explorer
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 4
Tasks: Business Scenario
• You realize that in a workflow only a task brings about functionality
• You want to build the new task (Display Material) to fulfill some requirements of your business process
• You must discover all characteristics of your task to correctly integrate it into your workflow definition
• Existing tasks are to be grouped into a Task Group
• Tasks are to be managed by the Business Workflow Explorer
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 5
TasktypesTasktypes
SAP functionality
Object type
Attribute Method
Workflow
Organizationalplan
Organizationalplan
workflow definition
Task
Task Types
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 6
TaskReference to object
method or manual activity
WorkflowReference to workflow
definition
Standard task
TS
Workflow templateWS
Tasks
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 7
Material: My_part
Old Material:Original_part
New_part
Change documents
EventZBUS1001.
Old_Material_changed
TaskDisplay Material
(completion flag)
Org-PlanEngineering unit Designer position Holder: Mary
ZBUS1001.Display
Attributes and Keyof ZBUS1001
WHO ?Possibleagents
What ?
Work item andLong Texts
Example for a Task
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 8
Object type withobject methodObject type withobject method
Standard task
Properties
Who is responsible for the task?
What is to be executed bythe task?
Work item text: title of work item in worklist
Long texts: Description Notification Missed deadlines
Texts
Terminating events
Triggering events Only if the task is not used in a workflow
Events
Organizational planOrganizational plan
“General” Task:all SAP users“General” Task:all SAP users
Define a Dialog Task
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 9
Settings for a Task
• Background
– Based on the Object Method, the task can be flagged as background
• Completion flag
– During runtime, the user has the chance to create an attachmentafter the work item is finished.
• SAPphone
• Form (SAPforms Indicator)
• Flag for Internet-enabled task
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 10
Example :
Please process request from &_WI_Object_ID.CreatedBy&
Work Item Text
• Work item text
– Title of work item in the Business Workplace
– First create the work item text and place the cursor to include a variable
– Afterwards choose object attributes from the task container
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 11
asynchronousasynchronousobject methodobject methodasynchronousasynchronousobject methodobject method
single-stepsingle-steptask task
Task with Terminating Events
• Tasks based on a synchronous method can have terminating events
• Tasks based on an asynchronous method must have at least one terminating event
– The asynchronous method is onlystarted by the Workflow system
– The asynchronous method is callinga transaction of an SAP application
– The application will eventually raise the terminating event
– The task is completed when one of the terminating events is raised
Terminating event
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 12
• Terminating event
_WI_Object_Id_WI_Actual_Agent
Task container
Element Element _WI_Object_ID of _WI_Object_ID of task container ...task container ...
Element Element _WI_Object_ID of _WI_Object_ID of task container ...task container ...
Object type Notif. of absence
Event Deleted
Element
Terminating events
_WI_OBJECT_ID
FORMABSENC
DELETED
... or another element of ... or another element of the task container, which the task container, which refers to the triggering refers to the triggering object type of the event.object type of the event.
... or another element of ... or another element of the task container, which the task container, which refers to the triggering refers to the triggering object type of the event.object type of the event.
Terminating Events
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 13
synchronoussynchronousobject methodobject methodsynchronoussynchronous
object methodobject method
single-stepsingle-steptasktask
Task with Synchronous Method
• The task is completed when the method reports back to the workflow system or is terminated by the terminating event
• Dataflow between the task and method parameter containers are in both directions
terminating event
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 14
Key fieldsKey fieldsKey fieldsKey fields
AttributesAttributesAttributesAttributes
number
date of approval
date of creation
MethodsMethodsMethodsMethods
display notif. of absence formcreate notif. of absence formdelete notif. of absence formupdate notif. of absence formapprove notif. of absence form
EventsEventsEventsEvents
notification of absence created
dialog synchronous
asynchronous
dialog synchronous
dialog synchronous result
dialog synchronous
notification of absence deleted
created by
approved by
NumberNumber
ApprovDateApprovDate
ApprovByApprovBy
DisplayDisplay
CreateCreate
DeleteDelete
UpdateUpdate
ApproveApprove
CreatedCreated
DeletedDeleted
CreateDateCreateDate
CreatedByCreatedBy
Object type FORMABSENC
Object Type: Notification of Absence
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 15
approve
_WI_Result is created automatically
“approve notification of absence from &”
use &_WI_Object_Id.CreatedBy&
confirm completion of processing
job : head of department
not applicable
Object typeObject typeObject typeObject type
PropertiesPropertiesPropertiesProperties
Object methodObject methodObject methodObject method
Work item textWork item textWork item textWork item text
LinkLinkLinkLink
Terminating eventsTerminating eventsTerminating eventsTerminating events
FORMABSENC
Task container definition
Assign container elements
Container element
synchronous method; method with dialog
Long textLong textLong textLong text
notification of absence
AF_approve
Standard Task: Approving a Notif. of Absence
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 16
delete
Event : DELETED (notification of absence deleted)
not necessary
background processing
not applicable
not applicable
asynchronous method
Object typeObject typeObject typeObject type
PropertiesPropertiesPropertiesProperties
Object methodObject methodObject methodObject method
Work item textWork item textWork item textWork item text
LinkLinkLinkLink
Terminating eventsTerminating eventsTerminating eventsTerminating events
FORMABSENC
Task container definition
Assign container elements
Container element _WI_OBJECT_ID
Long textLong textLong textLong text
not applicable
notification of absence
AF_delete
Standard Task: Deleting a Notification of Absence
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 17
Step type activity in a workflow
Activity 1
Multiple outcomes
Activity 2
Multiple outcomes
... refers a task
... refers a workflow
Insert a Task into a Workflow
After you have created an activityin the Workflow Builder:
• Choose
– task or
– workflow
• Name the subsequent outcomes
• Provide the binding for Task Workflow containerdata exchange
• Define the responsibilities
• Design the deadline escalation
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 18
Task Groups
Task group 1
It is possible to have task groups within task groups
Only standard objects (workflow templates and standard tasks)
Task group 2
Workflow template 1
Workflow template n...
Standard task 1
Standard task n
...
Task group 3
Workflow template 1
Workflow template m...
Standard task 1
Standard task m...
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 19
Task Groups: Inheritance
USSCHMIDTPA (Patrick Schmidt)
USSCHMIDTPA (Patrick Schmidt)
Workflow template x
Task group 2
Task group 3
USSCHMIDTPA (Patrick Schmidt)
Standard task x
USSCHMIDTPA (Patrick Schmidt)
USSCHMIDTPA (Patrick Schmidt)
Workflow template y
Standard task y
Task group 1 USSCHMIDTPA (Patrick Schmidt)
USSCHMIDTPA (Patrick Schmidt)
Passes on agentassigned
USSCHMIDTPA
Passes on agentassigned
USSCHMIDTPA
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 20
Business Workflow Explorer
• One medium for managing tasks and workflows
• Functions available include...
– Create
– Change
– Display
– Copy
– Agent assignment
– Etc.
• No help values required. All relevant tasks are directly displayed.
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 21
Business Workflow Explorer: Operation
Verfügbare Objekte
Query
Task Edit Goto View System Help Business Workflow Explorer
Task Abbreviation Name
All tasks for notifications of absence
Multistep tasks
WS9990000 Notification of absence (test)
WS9990003 Notification of absence (productive)
TS9990003 Create notification of absence
TS9990007 Approve notification of absence
TS9990012 Display notification of absence
TS9990015 Delete notification of absence
Single-step tasks
TS9990003 Create notification of absence
TS9990007 Approve notification of absence
TS9990012 Display notification of absence
TS9990015 Delete notification of absence
WS9990003 Notification of absence (productive)
TS9990003 Create notification of absence
TS9990007 Approve notification of absence
TS9990012 Display notification of absence
TS9990015 Delete notification of absence
Task Abbreviation Name
All single-step tasks are displayed
Multistep tasks:All single-step and
multistep tasks used are displayed
SAP Workflow Course – Section 09-01: Tasks 22
Tasks: Summary
Two types of tasks: Single- step tasks and workflows
• Single-step tasks refer to object methods
• Workflows refer to single-step tasks and/or other workflows
• Single-step tasks that are:
– synchronous: can have terminating events
– asynchronous: must have (at least one) terminating event(s)
• You can create and maintain Task Groups
• You are now familiar with the Business Workflow Explorer
SAP Workflow Course
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