Post on 24-Dec-2015
[ 8.2 ] The Civil Rights Movement
Learning Objectives
• Describe and identify key leaders of civil rights movements in Texas.• Compare the civil rights struggles of Mexican Americans and African Americans in
Texas.• Understand the significance of the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act.
[ 8.2 ] The Civil Rights Movement
Key Terms
• civil rights• Lulu Belle Madison White• primary elections• Barbara Jordan• Dr. Hector P. Garcia• Raymond L. Telles• Henry B. González• James Farmer
African Americans Fight for Rights
During World War II, many African Americans served honorably in the United States armed forces. Though U.S. troops were segregated, the military offered young African Americans some new opportunities. However, when they returned home, especially to southern states, they faced the same old prejudices and discrimination. Biased Jim Crow laws and strict segregation limited African Americans’ freedoms and access to economic and educational opportunities. As a result, African Americans across the nation began to demand civil rights. Civil rights are the rights guaranteed by the Constitution to all United States citizens.
African Americans Fight for Rights
• Early Struggles for Civil Rights• The Court Upholds Civil Rights• Government Leaders Resist Change• African Americans Win Elections
African Americans Fight for Rights
Lulu Belle Madison White was a civil rights activist and leader of the NAACP in Texas.
African Americans Fight for Rights
Analyze InformationHow did civil rights activism in the mid-1900s change Texas political involvement over time?
Mexican Americans Fight for Change
African Americans were not the only Texans who had to fight for their civil rights. Mexican American leaders in Texas fought against widespread discrimination to secure their own civil rights.
Mexican Americans Fight for Change
• Organizing for Action• Fighting Unfair Treatment• Mexican Texans Unite• Political Firsts and Cultural Pride
Mexican Americans Fight for Change
Dr. Hector Garcia created the American G.I. Forum in 1948. This organization worked to extend rights to Hispanic American veterans.
Civil Rights Spread
The southern states were not alone in facing racial problems. Bias against minority groups was common across the United States. The fight for civil rights became a national movement. Civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., shared a vision for the future in his “I have a Dream” speech during the March on Washington in 1963. Thousands of people—including many Texans—flooded into the nation’s capital to show their support for civil rights reforms. That same day, civil rights protesters in Texas marched on the state capitol.
Civil Rights Spread
• One Person, One Vote• Movements Become Acts• Women Fight for Equal Rights• American Indians Seek Civil Rights• Civil and Equal Rights
Civil Rights Spread
Texan James Farmer founded CORE to work for civil rights. This 1964 photographs shows Farmer (center, with sign) and other CORE supporters at a civil rights demonstration in New York City.
Civil Rights Spread
Analyze DiagramsDid the peaceful methods used by both movements lead to success? Explain the reason(s) why.
Quiz: African Americans Fight for Rights
What was the main issue in the Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education?
A. whites-only neighborhoodsB. whites-only primary electionsC. segregation in the militaryD. segregation in public schools
Quiz: Mexican Americans Fight for Change
The “Viva Kennedy” campaign was an effort to encourage Mexican Americans to do what?
A. voteB. create artC. serve on juriesD. use the Aztec language