Thomas Songer, PhD Introduction to Research Methods In the Internet Era Bias Assessing Validity of Association.
Epidemiology - Design and Bias Evaluation Fall, 2008 Reference: 1.Szklo M and Nieto FJ. Epidemiology – Beyond the Basics. Aspen Publishers, Maryland 2000.
CONTRIBUTIONS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF EVIDENCE TO THE CONCLUSION OF A VALID STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION AND JUDGMENT OF CAUSALITY Charles H. Hennekens, MD,DrPH.
ERRORS IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES Assoc. Prof. Pratap Singhasivanon Department of Tropical Hygiene.
Observational Epidemiologic Studies Descriptive (incidence, prevalence)
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