Packers & Movers Project

80
1 PROJECT ON MEHRAN PACKERS AND MOVERS SUBMITTED BY: MUHAMMAD AHMAD MAZHAR IQBAL MUHAMMAD KAMRAN HAIDER HASSAN MEHMOOD

Transcript of Packers & Movers Project

Page 1: Packers & Movers Project

1

PROJECT

ON

MEHRAN PACKERS AND MOVERS

SUBMITTED BY:

MUHAMMAD AHMAD

MAZHAR IQBAL

MUHAMMAD KAMRAN HAIDER

HASSAN MEHMOOD

AMIR KHAN

TO: PROF. BASHIR GHUMAN

Page 2: Packers & Movers Project

2

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST BENEFICIENT,MOST MERCIFUL

Praise to Be Allah, Lord Of The World,

The Beneficent, The Merciful,

Owner Of The Day Of Judgments,

Thee (alone) We Worship; Thee (alone) We Ask For Help.

Show Me The Right Path,

The Path Of Those, Whom Thoa Hast Favored,

Not (the path) Of Those Who Earn Thins Anger

Nor Of Those Who Go Astray.

Ameen!

Page 3: Packers & Movers Project

3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface 05

Acknowledgement 06

1. Executive summary 07A. The opportunity 07B. The description of the business 07C. Competitive advantage 07D. The target market 08E. The management team 08F. Brief summary of the financial projections 09G. Business needs 09H. Exit strategy for the investors 09

2. The businessA. The opportunity 10B. Description of the business 11C. Vision, Mission and Slogan 12D. Current status and requirements 13

3. Management teamA. Management team 13B. Boards of directors 14C. Boards of advisors 14D. Key professional service providers 15

4. Company structure, intellectual property and ownership

A. Organizational Chart 16

B. Legal Structure 17C. Industry analysisA. Industry description 19B. Target market 22C. Competitive position 24D. SWOT Analysis 27E. PEST Analysis 28D. Marketing planA. Pricing strategy 30B. Promotions and advertisement 32E. Operations planA. Application Form 41B. Moving Information 42C. Service delivery 43D. Quality control 44

Page 4: Packers & Movers Project

4

F. Critical risk factorsA. Management risks 45B. Marketing risks 46C. Operations risks 46D. Financial risks 46

G. Financial planA. Capital requirement 47B. Financial projections 49C. Income statement 55D. Balance sheet 56E. Financial Ratios 57

Page 5: Packers & Movers Project

5

PREFACE

In Master of Business Administration, Entrepreneurship is a Key subject which gives opportunity

to students in practical field.

The most important point in Entrepreneurship is that the student should spend their time in a true manner and with the spirit to learn practical orientation of theoretical study

framework.

Page 6: Packers & Movers Project

6

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We would take this opportunity to thank Mr.Basheer Ghuman, our teacher for the course of Entrepreneurship at the International Islamic University Islamabad, for his valuable support and encouragement which he has offered. His teaching method and words of wisdom will always be remembered, and we are convinced that the knowledge of Entrepreneurship that he has imparted to all of us would help to effectively and efficiently understand and implement the rules and concepts of Entrepreneurship.

Page 7: Packers & Movers Project

7

1. Executive Summary

A. The Opportunity

Need to be filledAs the large cities like Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, Karachi people facing the problems while shifting their home. There is a need of proper company that solves their problem of shifting their household goods. So, there is an opportunity gap in the market and we going to launch our company to fill this gap.

Opportunity to facilitate the people who are living in rented houses, flats, shops etc. Due to fast city life, people are more inclined towards using such services. Expensive and luxurious households, demands great care while shifting. There is no proper business which is providing this service. Local shifting services lack proper guidance and training. To get rid of conventional procedure of packing and moving. Lack of security of households while shifting. Fast growing need of rented houses More are more likely use to live in rented houses/ flats because they don`t have enough

money to buy their own houses Job persons keep moving from one place of the city to another so we can attain the

opportunity to help this salary class.

B. The Description of the Business

How Our Business Fills the Need

MEHRAN PAKERS N MOVERS will fill the opportunity gap by helping the people to move their valuables household and belongings in the safest and most convenient way. We safe the precious time of people and take their all worries. SAFETY and CONVENIENCE are our first priority.

C. Competitive Advantage

Description of Business Model

Page 8: Packers & Movers Project

8

Business model of our company is somehow a new emerging concept. We first of all analyze the demand in the market. Through a survey we came to know that there is a gap between the actual performance of the shifting of the houses and the offices and the desired. The second step is to analyze some critical factors in detail. Then come to the solution loop which is actually the solution to the problem/gap identified.

D. The Target Market

Our target market consists the people living in the areas like I/8,G-10, F/6,F/10, E-8,E-9, Satellite Town, Chaklala, Scheme 3, Adjecent areas and belonging to upper or upper-middle class.

E. The Management Team

Muhammad Ahmad(CEO)

Kamran Hiader(OPERATIONS MANAGER)

Hassan Mehmood(HR Manager)Mazhar Iqbal

Finance ManagerAmir Khan

(Marketing Manager)

Page 9: Packers & Movers Project

9

Page 10: Packers & Movers Project

10

F. Brief Summary of the Financial Projections

During 2012 we have a total of Rs. 97401000 cash inflows, which becomes subsequently low in the second and third year but it was enough to meet our current liabilities and even there was a net inflow of cash in all the first three years of operations which is a good sign for our start-up firm.

We have total assets of 82927866, 87955470, and 91315706 respectively in the first, second and

third years. Our total expenses during the first year were 14473134 which increase steadily according to the expected inflation level. Total equity was 79500000 in the first year and as the business goes into its second year of operations it increases. Our building is valued at around 33500000, land at 15000000 and equipments are valued at around 5000000.we have categorized our expenses as follows:

Advertisement expense Salaries Medical Utility Depreciation Renting Miscellaneous Start-up costs

Description of What Our Business Needs

The amount of capital needed and what the capital will be used for, if the plan is going to a potential investor

Our business needs 25 canals of land which will be provided by one of our investors. For building the infrastructure the cost required will partially be taken from the management team and the rest will be from investors. The building will be constructed by Prime Group of builders on behalf of our investors.

Exit Strategy for investors

In case our idea of packing and Shifting business in Pakistan does not work, we’ll go for either of the following two exit strategies:

Page 11: Packers & Movers Project

11

1. We`ll give our trucks to transportation business so they could use our trucks for their own business operations and they will they amount of installments to the banks because we are going to use truck on leasing basis.

2. Our business building is on rental basis so we have no worry for the building we`ll vacate the building. And so far as our land is concerned we could use it for our wedding ceremonies. We could rent out the land to catering business for functions.

THE BUSINESS:

A. The Opportunity

In Pakistan, the large cities like Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, Karachi people facing the problems while shifting their home. There is a need of proper company that solves their problem of shifting their household goods. So, there is an opportunity gap in the market and we going to launch our company to fill this gap.

Opportunity to facilitate the people who are living in rented houses, flats, shops etc. Due to fast city life, people are more inclined towards using such services. Expensive and luxurious households, demands great care while shifting. There is no proper business which is providing this service. Local shifting services lack proper guidance and training. To get rid of conventional procedure of packing and moving. Lack of security of households while shifting. Fast growing need of rented houses More are more likely use to live in rented houses/ flats because they don`t have enough

money to buy their own houses Job persons keep moving from one place of the city to another so we can attain the

opportunity to help this salary class. Save the time of the people

Page 12: Packers & Movers Project

12

B. The Description of the Business

How the proposed business solves the problem or fills the need

MEHRAN PAKERS N MOVERS will fill the opportunity gap by helping the people to move their valuables household and belongings in the safest and most convenient way. We safe the precious time of people and take their all worries. SAFETY and CONVENIENCE are our first priority.

Household shifting is the process of vacating one residence and settling in a different one. A move can be to a nearby location within the same neighborhood. Moving a home small or big can be a daunting task, it is stressful, but with the right preparation and care you can alleviate some of the stress. We, as reliable movers and packers offer expert services to perform such hectic tasks. When it comes to moving the treasured belongings, people surely be looking into aspects like goods safety, moving costs and communication facilities of the relocating company, strong network of the relocating company, continuous information flow about movement of your belongings etc. We can eliminate much of the stress felt while planning your move by customizing people`s moving experience so that it is exactly what they want it to be.

Mehran Packers-n-movers ensure attention to all household shifting details whether big or small helping you to settle down quickly and peacefully in a new location. Household shifting services comprise of an entire package of services, right from the initial consultancy to the final setting in at the new destination. Mehran Movers and Packers understand needs and requirements of their clients and provide personalized shifting and moving of your valuable household goods containing furniture, glass items, paintings, electronic equipments, television, microwave oven, soft items like glassware & dishes and sensitive electronic items with extra precautions in packing to protect them.They acquire a sound infrastructure backed by latest technology which enables them to provide most innovative solutions to client’s requirements. They are well connected and located to ensure speedy services. They acquire a fleet of vehicles of varied sizes to cater all categories of cargo. Also, they acquire most experienced, committed and professional manpower. They comply with all sorts of formalities to ensure optimum security and complete protection of goods from any kind of accidental mishap.

Vision

“Our vision is to be the best in every Endeavour we undertake”

Page 13: Packers & Movers Project

13

Mission Statement

“MAKING AFFORDABLE FOR EVERY BODY TO USE A PROFESSIONAL PACKING AND SHIFTING SERVICE”

SLOGAN

“WE TAKE YOUR WORRIES ...!”

Description of the business model

Business model of our company is a new emerging concept in which we first of all analyze the needs, what is currently offered by other company. And what are the needs and demands of the customer. We through our surveys and research came to know that there is a gap between the actual performances of the other company. In this type of business, the desired performance and through effective means this gap is fulfilled by our school. The second step is the factor analyses that include a detailed analysis of some of the critical factors like organizational system, consultant support, service quality and time management. Then comes the solution loop which is actually the solution to the problem/gap identified during the first stage. Our best efforts to provide our customer with our best effects, effect social links and at least by improving quality.

How the business will create a sustainable competitive advantage:

Our company will create a sustainable competitive advantage by taking into consideration the following points:

Management team strengthOur management team includes dedicated and highly experienced personnel and is one of the key competitive advantages we have.

Friendly on co-operative staff

We’ll provide friendly environment to our clients. Our staff will be very cooperative.

Page 14: Packers & Movers Project

14

D. Current status and requirements

We are providing packing and shifting service to the locality of Islamabad. For this purpose, we require professional as well as technical, with the minimum experience in relative field of moving and packing.

Now, our company is at introductory stage and looking forward for exponential growth through both by providing quality services by offering low cost.

After successful concept testing, we will move to the other cities of Pakistan.

The future prosperity of our business depends upon following aspects:

Low cost strategies Trained and professional staff Management expertise Quality of service (prices, competitors, political situations) Create goodwill of the company.

We will give vital to these factors for our future success.

3. Management Team

The management experience, management ability and technical expertise of our management team are discussed below:

Muhammad Ahmad

CEO

Muhammad Ahmad is a post graduate from International Islamic University, Islamabad; he did his MBA with majors in Management and then he completes the PMP (Project management professional) degree. He worked with AL-YOUSAF GOODS TRANSPORT CO. he worked about 5 years and in that business he came to know the shifting problems of the people who want to move their household. Then he came up with new concept of packing and shifting company.

Page 15: Packers & Movers Project

15

Kamran Haider

OPERATIONS MANAGER

Kamran Haider holds a post graduation degree in MBA and specialization in major OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT and from International Islamic University, Islamabad. Previously he worked for HONDA as senior Operations manager for 3 years. Here Kamran is responsible for managing the office and, overseeing the staff activities and keeping the business running smoothly. His duty also includes developing communications with subordinates. He is responsible for all operations regarding all packing transportation operations employee recruiting, selection, training and developing and also setting the pay scales of the employees.

Hassan Mehmood

HR MANAGER

Hassan Mehmood holds a post graduation degree in MBA and specialization in major HRM and from International Islamic University, Islamabad. His duty also includes developing communications with subordinates. He is responsible employee recruiting, selection, training and developing and also setting the pay scales of the employees.

Mazhar Iqbal

FINANCE MANAGER

Mazher Iqbal holds a post graduation degree in MBA and specialization in major Finance and from International Islamic University, Islamabad. His duty to perform all financial operation.

Amir Khan

MARKETING MANAGER

Mazher Iqbal holds a post graduation degree in MBA and specialization in major Finance and from International Islamic University, Islamabad.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Our MD (Managing Director) who will control, lead and organize the organization abilities is Muhammad Ahmad who is also the CEO of the company.

Function of MD:

Appoint the officers for key positions Declare the dividend/profits

Page 16: Packers & Movers Project

16

Oversee the performance of management team

Our Advisors

Accounting Firm:

HLB & CO. was established in early 70’s as a firm of chartered accountants at Islamabad by Mr. Muhammad Ali (FCA) with the prime object of rendering the services in the area of Finance and Accounts to the domestic market. The company widened its scope to be a part of technology revolution resulting into the formation of Business Process Outsourcing arm. Today they are not only catering to the Pakistan but also the International market with wide array of services in the Finance and Accountancy space.

HLB & Co endeavor to elevating Finance and Accounting Outsourcing from transaction processing to the level of a true business transformation. To provide auditing, accounting, taxation, management consultancy and computer consultancy services.

They understand that selecting a firm to entrust your accounting, financial, financial services, and business development coaching and mentoring needs is an important decision requiring great care and forethought. Rapid economic changes and increases in competitive pressures magnify the significance of the decision as every business, organization and individual must make the very most of their valuable resources. They can provide us with valuable information to help you make the right decisions with tools such as benchmarking, cash flow, forecasting, payroll and much more!

Using state of the art technology, we fuse strategy with results in an effort to help you grow.

Some of our extensive business development coaching services include but are not limited to:

Business Start Up mentoring Management Consulting and coaching Strategic planning mentoring Budgeting

Whatever stage your business is at, your HLB & Co chartered accountants is there to counsel and help you through the transitions, big and small. We ask the right questions because we've been helping our clients with the challenge of change for over 34 years. Click here to make an appointment with Ijaz Akbar Senior Partner.

We have simultaneously evolved to meet the needs of clients in today's rapidly changing business environment. To that end we have developed a range of services and specialties, while embracing Information Technology that very few can match.

Page 17: Packers & Movers Project

17

As an innovative and forward-looking organization our future plans already embody the expansion of our IT services to incorporate on-line book keeping, e-commerce and the continued growth of our specialist activities.

Their service

The way they manage our business is based on a set of core values – honesty, integrity and respect for people. These are embodied in our principles that describe the behavior expected of every employee in their business relationships with other people, organizations and companies.

They believe in the promotion of trust, openness, teamwork and professionalism and take pride in what we do. In order to make sure that we act according to our values, they have put in place, and are still installing the necessary management systems and protocol tools that help employees go about their daily business in a responsible way.

Following is the list of their services:

AUDIT & ACCOUNTANCY MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY TAXATION MANAGEMENT CORPORATE AFFAIRS & SECRETARIAL PRACTICES INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY NEEDS COMMITMENT TO BUSINESS SOFTWARE EXCELLENCE KEY BENEFITS OF INTEGRATED ACCOUNTING SYSTEM SPECIAL AUDITS & INVESTIGATIONS

ORGANIZATIONAL CHART:

Page 18: Packers & Movers Project

18

Description of the organizational chart:

The CEO, board of advisers and board of directors remain in close contact to each other and hold regular business meetings which shows the sense of dedication and passion for the team to gear the business ahead.

The CEO is on the top of the traditional hierarchy and acts as a figurehead of the organization. Then the second tier includes the CFO, operations manager, marketing manager and project manager.

LEGAL STRUCTURE:

Legal form of organization:

MEHRAN PACKERS AND MOVERS is a general entrepreneurial business and is registered under the company’s ordinance of 1984. The partners of the business have the unlimited liability.

CEO

MARKETING MANAGER

FINANCE MANAGER

OPERATIONS / HR MANAGER

PROJECT MANAGER

Page 19: Packers & Movers Project

19

Owner ship status

Being a startup firm there are five partners but as the time passed and firm needs more capital it will surely go for more partners which is written in partnership deed.

INDUSTRY ANALYSIS

INDUSTRY OVERVIEW:

In today’s competitive era and fast paced life, professionals relocate to another city or area, in search of better job opportunities and to accomplish their dreams. Till very recently, the very thought of relocation would include months of planning, sleepless nights, help of neighbors, tiresome packing, leaves from offices and loads of money. But with the inception of this dynamic industry called the Mehran Packers and Movers, relocation has become an easy, economical, safe and hassle free activity. It takes one phone call or visit to the moving agent, and the work is done in the most conducive and structured manner.

Mehran Packers and Movers is a service oriented industry, with thrust and focus being given on total customer satisfaction. Though the industry has a separate identity, it works with the support of many other industries such as the warehousing, insurance, etc.

Manpower and infrastructure plays an vital role in the operation of the packers and movers; as based on their competency the enterprise can pitch for complete customer satisfaction, thus carving a niche in the market. Given this, it becomes imperative for the mehran packers and movers to be experienced, efficient and reliable. Easy and friendly, they should also be able to understand the exact requirement of the clients and offer customized services that not only meets their expectations but also fits their budget.

Besides, having a proficient team with effective communication skills, it is also very important to have good market repute for the players of this industry. Complete transparency and adherence to various corporate & legal codes should become the underlining factor of their service

Page 20: Packers & Movers Project

20

ABOUT MEHRAN MOVERS AND PACKERS

Mehran Packers and Movers are said to be those people who help you to pack and move your belongings in the safest and the most convenient way. Earlier both these services were distinct from each other with different companies involved in packing the belongings and others in transporting the belongings to the desired location. However in the past 50 years as travel has become easier most of the times both these services are offered by the same company.

There is no clear cut period when mehran Packers and Movers really gained momentum. As mentioned earlier these two jobs were handled by different sets of professionals but then because of mergers and agreements between companies, the thin line of difference between the two blurred considerably. Most of the individual big companies decided to group the two activities together. This activity has gained much more significance in the past decade or so due to industrialization. Because of the growth in various companies and expansion all around the globe people were being moved and transferred with a higher frequency than before. As people moved their stuff needed to be moved as well. And when dealing with cross-country transfers or international ones people always seemed to place more trust in professional companies than in individual dealers.Thus, soon enough there was a huge rise in the number of moving services being offered. At the same time packers too witnessed a growth in their business sector as many people preferred their expensive possessions to be handled thoroughly by such services. Despite the large number of related services available people around the world still prefer to pack and move their stuff on their own.

The Moving and Packing industry has certainly seen a tremendous rise in its turnover but it seems a bit pale in comparison to the amount of people who are moving. This is due to two reasons; in the western world labor is very expensive. Due to this most of the times it is not feasible to engage the services of these experts.

Secondly packing is something which most of the people consider as personal this too contributes to the relative barrier in this industry. Within Pakistan most consumers prefer to pack the goods on their own and transport them through trucker services or exclusive movers.

Page 21: Packers & Movers Project

21

PACKERS AND MOVERS IN PAKISTAN:

Some small companies are providing packing and moving service in Lahore and Karachi and Islamabad but not in proper way so there is gap of opportunity to be filled out. So this industry is at introductory stage in Pakistan. Names of the companies those are providing packing and moving service in Pakistan.

Care Packer Pakistan. Family Movers International.

INDUSTRY DESCRIPTION

INDUSTRY TRENDS:

In Pakistan there are very few companies those are providing this service in few cities of Pakistan at low scale but some of them only provides packing or moving service at very high cost. So the industry is on introductory stage and there is a window of opportunity for new entrant.

INDUSTRY SIZE:

As movers and packer industry in Pakistan is on introductory stage the local industry size is very small. But all over the world especially in U.S.A, U.K and Canada the size of this industry is at peak and serving the people in very profitable way.

INDUSTRY ATTRACTIVENESS:

The packers and movers industry is become very attractive in Pakistan now a days because the city life become very busy and people have not much time to waste on shifting there home and people are also not satisfy with the conventional type of packing and moving because they were not cost effective and cause a lot of damage of goods. So there is a need of company which can provide proper service of moving and packing.

Page 22: Packers & Movers Project

22

PROFIT POTENTIAL:

Packers and Movers industry has high profit potential all over the world and its demand is also increasing day by day in Pakistan because new housing societies are establishing in many cities of Pakistan. This industry is on introductory stage and proving opportunity for new entrant. Introducing this industry in Pakistan is very profitable now a day because most of the people in big city of Pakistan like Lahore and Karachi are living on rent or shifting there home to newly established society.

PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE:

As we are new in the market and for the first two years we will be in the introduction stage and we need a lot of promotions for MEHRAN PACKERS AND MOVERS Besides this we have opportunity for growth and will chance to reach at maturity after few years.

Page 23: Packers & Movers Project

23

BCG MATRIX

MEHRASN Movers and Packers are currently lying on ‘Question Mark’ because this industry is on introductory stage. The market growth is high but the market share is low because people used to shift their homes by themselves. We are trying to increase our market share by extensive marketing and advertising on different media sources. We are planning to adopt extensive marketing strategies to attract our customers.

TARGET MARKET

SEGMENTATION

We have segmented our market using the following segmentations

1. Geographic

Country — Pakistan

City — Islamabad

Packers and Movers

Page 24: Packers & Movers Project

24

Density — Urban

2. Demographic

Age — 25 or above

3. Education— Educated

4. Psychographic

Social Class—Upper ad Upper-Middle

Business Class—Small businesses

5. Behavioral

Benefits Sought

DESCRIPTION OF TARGET MARKET:

Mehran Packers and Movers industry is on introductory stage in Pakistan, it is very good place to enter in. Islamabad is one of the most urbanized city of Pakistan provides a great opportunity for new entrant to came up and serve the people of Islamabad. For this reason our target market will be the people of Islamabad initially. After 3 years operation we’ll expand our target market to the other cities of Pakistan depending on the respond we get in Islamabad.

We are mostly targeting the people who are living in rented house, professional moving to other cities and small business.

Page 25: Packers & Movers Project

25

COMPETITIVE POSITION WITHIN TARGET MARKET:

COMPETITOR ANALYSIS

Packing and moving industry is on introductory stage in Pakistan, we have few competitors that are offering the service of packing and moving but not in proper way.

DIRECT COMPETITORS:.

Family Movers International. Care Movers

INDIRECT COMPETITORS:

These are the conventional movers.

COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS GRID

Competitor’s analysis grid helps us determine our position with respect to our competitors.

Social Class A1

Business Class B2

Page 26: Packers & Movers Project

26

Names of features

Mehran Packers and Movers

Family moversInternational

Care movers

Legal status

Nature of service

Registered and licensed from federal govt.

Provide both Packing and moving facility to household and commercial.

Registered and licensed from provisional govt.

Provide onlyMoving facility to the commercial consumers

Registered and licensed from provisional govt.

Provide onlyMoving facility to the commercial consumers

Price Rs: 800 Per 5 km

Rs: 1800 Per move

2000 Per move

Brand name recognition

Initially lounged but will get to be known by the end of the first year

Recognized by only the people of Karachi

Not Good recognition in Pakistan.

Sufficiency of equipment

Staff are fully equipped

Fully equipped

Fully equipped

Quality of Packing material

High Quality of packing material.

High Quality Packing

Good quality

Page 27: Packers & Movers Project

27

Professional team

10 highly experienced team

Team are highly experienced

highly experienced team

According to the Comparative Analysis Grid Mehran Packer and Mover are only the company which are licensed from Federal Government. Provide both Packing and moving service to Household and commercial consumers with high quality of packing material and experienced staff.

PORTER’S FIVE FORCES MODEL

Competitive forces Threat to Industry Profitability

Low Medium High

Threat of substitutes √

Threat of new entrants √

Rivalry among existing firms √

Bargaining power of suppliers √

Bargaining power of customers

DESCRIPTION OF PORTER’S MODEL:

Page 28: Packers & Movers Project

28

Threat of substitutes is medium for Packers and movers since most of our target market can shift there homes through conventional shifting process. Threat of new entrants is high because this industry is on introduction stage and there is more window of opportunity for new firms. Rivalry among existing firm and Mehran Packers and Movers would be low because they are not such firm in Pakistan who are providing proper packing and moving facility. Bargaining Power of Suppliers would be low since there are a large number of suppliers to buy from. Bargaining power of customers is medium.

SWOT ANALYSIS:

STRENGTH:

Cost effective Attractive packaging Valuable services Safety and protection Insurance Good management Trained Professional staff Dynamic leader ship Good Transportation 24/7 hours open One stop shop

WEAKNESS

Operating loss in the initially due to high fixed cost Waste cannot be utilized properly. Improper time management Poor infrastructure

OPPORTUNITIES

Page 29: Packers & Movers Project

29

Serving the under serve market Car carrier Expansion to other cities Development of association with other business. Expansion of relationship with other partners Maximum utilization of resources

THREATS

Current security condition High oil prices Rapid change in government Economic instability Conventional way of shifting

PEST ANALYSIS:

The external macro-environment in which a firm operates can be expressed in terms of the following factors

Political

Economic

Social

Technological

Packers and Movers to operate under the effect of these factors

Page 30: Packers & Movers Project

30

ECONOMIC

The economic arena in which Mehran Packers and Movers will function is not favorable. The economic condition of Pakistan is deteriorating. The major economic challenges facing Pakistan is raising poverty and unemployment, heavy external and domestic indebtedness, high fiscal deficit and low investment.

Poor domestic commodity production combined with excess demand and some high import prices have been inferred to cause annual inflation to increase to 12 per cent during 2007-08 and further to 25 per cent in the first quarter of the current year

A Rise in costs of most products and services has been seen which is corresponded with an increase in pay of government employees, although most claims, it’s hardly a relief; especially since private sector employees have been not so lucky.

TECHNOLOGY

In terms of Technological Capabilities variables, Pakistan is placed at 10 (above Bangladesh) for use of computers and third from the bottom (above Nigeria and Bangladesh) for the number of telephone lines and the use of internet.

POLITICAL

In terms of Political Conditions variables, Pakistan is ranked at 7th for rule of law and is placed at 8th for corruption. Pakistan face significant structural weaknesses, and are much more likely to fail in meeting the projections than those countries whose political and economic conditions are more stable today.

Political changes in Pakistan are moving extremely fast. The Pakistani army has entered full-scale military operations against the local Taliban in the Sawat Valley of the Northern Province Sarhad. The press is in -chains and the printed word is in disgrace. Political leaders are victimized and political parties suppressed

SOCIAL

In the social sector too, there is a need for significant improvement. To take the example of health care, Pakistan spent less than $25 per head on health each year in 2005. Pakistan is a marked under-performer, spending just $13 per person on health care in 2003, a figure that has fallen 13% since 1998. Current situation is not much different for the previous years mentioned above.

Page 31: Packers & Movers Project

31

MARKETING PLAN:

PRODUCT FEASIBILITY AND STRATEGY:

Concept Testing:

We conducted a survey using the most appropriate tool i.e. the questionnaires in which we asked tenants if a FM service operating in Pakistan, would they like to avail it or nor. For this purpose we used a sample of 200 and response we got is shown below graphically:

willing70%

not willing30%

NO. of respondants willing to use the Mehran Packers and Movers Service

Page 32: Packers & Movers Project

32

Out of the 200 respondents, 70% said that they’ll happy with opening of Mehran PACKERS and MOVERS and will like to get the benefit from this company while rest 30% said they would not.

Conclusion drawn from the survey

Taking into the response of our target market, we are sure about the success of our project.

MARKETING STRUCTURE:

As, we are new in the market and some companies already provide services to the customers. And as a new product much time will be spent by the Mehran PACKERS AND MOVERS to create awareness of its presence amongst its target market.

PRODUCT

Established quality and branding and protect the intellectual property such as patents, trademark etc

PRICING

At the introduction stage prices are low. And settle according to the economic conditions of Pakistan because the fuel prices are keep on rising which can severely affect our business.

PLACEMENT

Is selective until consumer show acceptance and the entire placement are made by the company itself.

PROMOTION

The main objective of promotion is to build product awareness and to educate people about the product.

PEOPLE

The staff we are required should have interpersonal skills, aptitude, and Knowledge about the service which are providing to the consumer.

PROCESS

The systems used to assist the organization in delivering the services.

Page 33: Packers & Movers Project

33

PHYSICAL EVIDENCE

The services being delivered to the consumers. And it is the element of the services mix where the consumer is in the condition to judge the level of services provided by the MEHRAN PACKERS AND MOVERS. .

PROMOTIONS:

1. Discount

The discount will be provided to those who come with any reference or from our friends and family.

2. Referral Schemes

A great source for our biz will be our current pool of happy customers. Families that will be pleased with our program will be glad to share their experiences with their friends and families.

Send them a thank you note for referring someone. Give them a feedback note and request them for referrals. ADVERTISING:

We’ll be advertising our camp using the following tools

Hoardings

Brochures

Referrals

Web directories

Cable adds

Add on Face Book as well as on YouTube

Distribution through News papers

We’ll be distributing our brochures with the local news papers also

Dawn The NEWS Nawa-e-Waqt Jang The Nations

Page 34: Packers & Movers Project

34

HOARDING:

The city in which we’ll use hoardings for the advertising of our company along with the campaign’s budget is given below:

HOARDING CAMPAIGN FOR THE FIRST MONTH

PRICING STRATEGY:

Price is a very major factor as far as economy and consumer mind setup is concerned. While setting prices company should consider setting such an appropriate price that coincides with the product image in the consumer mind that is established through promotion. As we are entrepreneurs so we should set price while keeping the affordability of our customer and our competitor.

PRICING OBJECTIVITY:

Our main objective is to capture the maximum market share and to become the market leader. Also have brand image in the market.

PRICE SETTING:

Before setting the many prices we will include many factors whose cost combine together and make the prices which are

Cost of workers

Services cost

Transportation cost

Estimated demand

Cost

Promotion cost

Distribution cost

Cost and price of competitor

STRATEGIES:

STATUS GOALS:

Page 35: Packers & Movers Project

35

The primary intention of us to adopt these goals to avoid any form of prices competition. Major reason for seeking the price stability is to avoid price wars. This pricing policy will give us an easy means of avoiding difficult pricing decisions.

MARKET SHARE LEADERSHIP:

This is related to current situation in short return and not to long run. We will select that price which gives it maximum current profit.

TO MAXIMIZE PROFIT:

According to the economic theory or business practices there is nothing wrong with profit maximization because a profit maximization goal for us is far more beneficial to it and also to the public, if it is practiced over the long run. To do this we will sometimes have to accept short run losses.

DEMAND SCHEDULE:

Different prices for services will produce different level of demand. The relation between the price and resulting demand is captured in a demand schedule. We have a normal demand schedule in which price varies as inversely to demand.

FINAL PRICE:

The price of us is in agreement with different people such as government, distributors, dealers, customers.

Page 36: Packers & Movers Project

36

BOX SIZE COST PER BOX BOX DIMENSIONS

Regular box Rs 400/box (16 * 13 *12)

Medium box Rs 500/box (18 *18 *16)

Extra large box Rs 600/box (24 * 18 *18)

Dish box Rs 800/box (Hold full set of 6)

Wardrobe box Rs 800/box (Hold about 3-5ft of clothes)

TRANSPORTATION KILOMETERS COST

5 K.M Rs 4OO

10 K.M Rs 800

15 K.M Rs 1500

25 K.M Rs 3700

LABOUR CHARGES Rs 400/trip

PRICING PLAN:

OTHERS COST:

Bubble wrap cost = Rs 60/ft

Wrapping paper = Rs180/pound

Tape = Rs 160/Roll

OPERATIONS

Page 37: Packers & Movers Project

37

Mehran Packers and movers is always committed to provide the best services within time. The transportation services provided by us are unmatched as we have skilled drivers & trained staff to do so for all our valuable clients. Since we have our own fleet of Trucks, Containers so we don’t have any kind of problem in on tome delivery of the goods.

We are providing the packing n moving services to the tenants and the small office who are about to relocate their houses/business.

OUR Philosophy

At Mehran packers and movers we are trying to deliver cheap and best shifting facilities to our customers. Our trained and highly motivated staff will try their best effort to reduce the time of shifting so people starts their work as early as possible at their new locations. Our marketing team will encourage new customer to come and try our service by offering them different packages.

OUR Program

The main focus of our business is to give the awareness to people about the concept of professional Mehran Packers n Movers. Our main object will be the elimination of the conventional concept of shifting things. People usually used to shift their homes by their own, doing this they face a lot of difficulties and of course lot of mental stress. So in order to get rid of it they can simply call us to help them in shifting.

OUR Teams

There are 4 teams having 4 separate supervisors. Each team will handle 1 client at one time and reports to the project manager. The whole responsibility will be on the shoulders of the supervisor of the concerned team which dealing with the client. It’s the primarily duty of the team to shift the household of the client safely and timely to their required destination. Team will asset and guide the clients. At end when all the work of shifting is done our project manager will go and take feedback from the clients if they need any further changing.

Packing Method

Mehran Packers and movers are always committed to provide the best services within time. The transportation services provided by us are unmatched as we have skilled drivers & trained staff to do so for all our valuable clients. Since we have our own fleet of Trucks, Containers so we don’t have any kind of problem in time delivery of the goods.

Processing

Crockery is wrapped individually in cushioning paper and placed into special corollary cartoons which are liable with fragile stickers.

Page 38: Packers & Movers Project

38

Furniture is wrapped in polythene to prevent moisture ingress, and covered with corrugated sheets into heat curtail shapes to permit easy positioning into container.

TV, computer, washing machine, fridge, almerah, music system, glass items and other items are wooden crated for full protection.

Books are placed in small, strong cartoons which are lined with polythene to keep inside part to be dry at all the time.

Clothes, kitchenware items are kept into polythene lined cartoon.

If weight is critical for an air shipment, we palletize the shipment and surround it will stretch film, to provide safety as well as keep the gross weight down, to sum up every precaution is taken to ensure a safe and damage free delivery at the destination.

Office Relocation

Office Relocation is different from residential moves not only in terms of the word but the entire floor planning, organization of tasks and the relocation itself. This is a huge responsibility that needs careful planning and more careful execution. At Fast and Forward Mehran Packers & Movers we assist you in the entire plan of this mammoth task and execute it to your utmost satisfaction.

Moving a business needs to be viewed as a mission critical event. During the office moving process, it is probable some segments of your company will be essentially out of business. Files, computers, records and phones will be inaccessible. Your staff may not be able to access the tools they require to serve your customers needs. Can you afford to trust yourfuture to a moving company that may not perform?

We offer a customized office relocation service - seven days a week. Fast and Forward Mehran Packers & Movers offers a customized office relocation service providing professional advice and expertise, specialized equipment and careful handling of office furniture, fittings and computer equipment. Pre-planning and a seven day week service ensure moves are completed with minimal disruption to staff, management and business.For your office relocation contacts us to discuss your requirements.

Household shifting

We at Mehran Packers & Movers provide complete relocation services including loading and unloading, packing & unpacking services. We have expert workers who are well trained in how to load and unload goods carefully. They are also experienced. They load and unload

Page 39: Packers & Movers Project

39

goods carefully. They know well which items should be load first. They arrange packed goods according to their sizes and nature.

Moving to a new home in another town? Then you need furniture movers who will move your furniture professionally, Our Operational staff receives comprehensive in-house training, and is graded according to ability, qualifications and achievement. This means you know you're going to get the very best in professional service and personal care.From the time you contact us to arrange your move, through to our personal follow up after delivery to ensure furniture movers met your satisfaction, you'll find we're with you all the way.

The Process . . .

Packing Services Loading Services Transportation Services Unloading Services Unpacking Services Rearranging Services

Page 40: Packers & Movers Project

40

Moving Insurance Following flow process shows the performance of the service from

initial step to the last step.

The process starts from the entrance of the customer in the office of the Mehran Packers n Movers. Customer will provide the information according to his needs. After it, we offer them 3 types of services from which he will select it according to his requirements. After the

CLIENTS PACKERS N MOVERS

ORDER CONFIRMATION

SERVICE PERFORMANCEPACKINGINSURANCE OF

GOODS

LOADING UNLOADING RE-ARRANGEMENT

FULFILLMENT OF SERVICE

Page 41: Packers & Movers Project

41

selection of the service type, we’ll give him a order confirmation invoice. In next step, our team will go to the client’s place and perform these 4 services:

• PACKING

• INSURANCE OF GOODS

• LOADING

• UNLOADING

• RE-ARRANGEMENT

• FULFILLMENT OF SERVICE

Page 42: Packers & Movers Project

42

APPLICATION FORM

CUSTOMER INFORMATION

Name: *

N.I.C *

Email:

Work Number: *

Contact No: *

How u Heard About us:

Page 43: Packers & Movers Project

43

MOVING INFORMATION

MOVE FROM MOVE TO

Address: * Address:

City: * City:

Province: * Province:

Postal Code: * Postal Code:

Floor: * Floor:

Type of move: Storage Type of move: Storage

Apt.1 Bedroom Apt. 1 Bedroom

Apt. 2 Bedroom Apt. 2 Bedroom

Apt. 3 Bedroom Apt. 3 Bedroom

House House

Business Business

MOVING DATE

AM

MOVING TIME PM

Page 44: Packers & Movers Project

44

LIVING ROOM

Sofa Bed

Chairs Tables:

Picture Book case

Rugs Wall mirror

Lamp Air conditioner

T.V T.V Table

DVD Player Stereo

Bench Glass Top

DINING ROOM:

Dining table(wood) Dining table(glass)

Dining table(marble) Breakfast table

Baker’s Rack Rugs

APPLIANCES:

Page 45: Packers & Movers Project

45

Vacuum cleaner Dish washer

Dryer Washing machine

Refrigerator Freezer

Stove Ironing board

Microwave

MISC AND TOOLS:

Tool box Lawnmower

Aquarium Wall shelves

Sewing machine

OFFICE:

Computer Computer table

Printer Printer stand

Fax machine File cabinets

Office desk Office table

Quality Control

We have specialized packing techniques, our services are cost effective without compromising with the quality.

Our priority is Safety of your goods

Page 46: Packers & Movers Project

46

We have experienced and highly trained packing staff with strict supervisory checks and accountability. Bedsides experienced Drivers with great sense of integrity and belonging to ensure extra care and personalized handling in transit. We never encourage such concept which may give rise to incidence of damages and also increase cost.

Following measures are taken by our company to ensure the quality:

1. Training and Development Of Employees2. Maintenance of Trucks3. Quality Raw Materials4. Special and Effective Loading and Unloading Techniques5. Safety Measures for Expensive Goods

CRITICAL RISK ANALYSIS:

MANAGEMENT RISKS:

As we come with different idea and concept in Pakistan so in future there is possibility anyone of our manager or business partner could be our competitor.

As in the Mehran packing and moving industry in Pakistan is emerging in Pakistan. There is a lack of trained and efficient workers.

Measures to cope up with the risks:

We have proper legal documentation with our managers/employees/business partners. We have non-disclosure agreements and no one from within our organization will be our competitor in next 15 years.

Few Foreign trained personnel’s are hired. So we get two way benefits from them. First to make our business run smoothly and second is to assist us in different management decisions.

We shall provide high security and incentives as well.

MARKETING RISKS:

Page 47: Packers & Movers Project

47

As our target market is narrow, so there are chances that our marketing campaign could not reach to our targeted market.

Through our marketing program people might not be convinced about measures that we have made. They feel their child insecure in our camp and hence pay no attention towards our promotional campaign.

Measures to cope up with risks:

We have planned our marketing very wisely and extensively. We placed our billboards in the best locations. Flyers and brochures are distributed in our targeted market areas.

Personal marketing and lecture delivering in different schools would be effective to make sure parents about the security of their children.

OPERATIONAL RISKS:

As we know the current political, law and order situation of our country. It’s very bad on security side. So our trucks will possibly face security problems.

Measures to cope up with the Risks:

Considering the current security conditions of the country. We are giving the insurance facility to our clients which are mandatory. We are also using guards that will go with on trucks.

FINANCIAL RISKS:

As there is global recession and economy is not going so well so it’s very hard to attract the investors. So we will be unable to generate profits in first five years. But we`ll try our level best to attract new investors so we will able to open new offices in other cities. If we need finance in short run we can borrow it from our friends and relatives.

Page 48: Packers & Movers Project

48

Ateeq-u-Rahman (C.E.O.) Rs.7,26,900

Shujauddin (CFO) Rs. 7,26,900

Sanaullah khan (Marketing manager) Rs. 7,26,900

Samiullah (HRM/operations) Rs. 7,26,900

Masood ahmed (Project manager) Rs. 7,26,900

Total (Team) Rs. 36,34,500

Investors Rs. 3,365,500

Grand Total Rs.7,000,000

EQUITY SHARE

Our Team Investors

Equity Share Rs. 36,34,500 Rs.3,365,500

INTERNAL SOURCES:

Page 49: Packers & Movers Project

49

1. Land * 1 Kanal Plot 13,50000

2. Building* 300/Square ft Office.

27,5000

3. Furniture and Fixture Used Furniture and Fixture

30,000

4. Equipment/Machinery* 2 computers and 1 Photocopy machine, Printers

29,500

5. Truck* 4 trucks on lease. 1,920,000

6. Working Capital For Office Per month 30,000

Total 36,34,500

START UP COST:

Page 50: Packers & Movers Project

50

WORKING:

1) The Total Land value/cost = 90,00000

30 years lease Down payment = 1000,000

Annual Lease = 3, 50,000

Total =13, 50000

2) Building 3 months Advance Rent =75000

(25000 per month)

Security =2, 00,000

Total =2, 75,000

3) Tracks 5 years leased at 15%

(1,800,000 Lac per truck)

Annual installments =7, 20,000

Down payment =3, 00,000

Total =1,920,000

PROFIT DIVISION:

The profit division will be according to the following formula.

50% of the profit left after paying tax will go to the investors. 50% of the profit amount left after paying tax will go to the Packers and

Movers team.

Page 51: Packers & Movers Project

51

0perating cost:

Items Per year cost

1. Salary expense* 669,600

2. Utility expense* 135,600

3. Promotion expense* 719,200

4. Maintenance 10,000

5. Depreciation* 721,475

Total 2,255,875

SALARIES EXPENSE:

Total projected salaries for five years:

Items No. Pay/person Total/month Total/year

Administrative staff

03 5,000 15,000 180,000

Transport Labor 04 3700 14,800 177,600

Drivers 04 6,500 26,000 312,000

Total 55,800 669,600

Page 52: Packers & Movers Project

52

Total Projected salaries for 1st year = 669,600

We increase salaries 10 % every years to project 5 year salaries.

2nd year = 66,960+669,600 = 736,560

3rd year= 73,656+ 736,560 =810,216

4th year = 81,021+810,216 =891,237

5th year = 89,123+891,237 =980360

Utility expenses:

Note:

The utility expense increased by 15% every year

Item Bill/month Total/year

Electric bills 7,500 90,000

Telephone bills

2,200 26,400

Internet usage bills

1,600 19,200

Total 11,300 135,600

Page 53: Packers & Movers Project

53

Promotion Expense:

1) Print media:

Pamphlet prints

(30,000 pamphlets at price of 15) = 450,000

News paper adds

(Dawn and Jang on Sunday) = 118,800/three months

1) Cable adds:

(Saturday after 8pm to 10pm

4 time play) = 150,400/two months

Total 719,200

Depreciation cost:

Equipment/ Machinery

(Coat 29,500 depreciation rates 5%) = 1,475

Trucks

(10% depreciation 180,000per truck into 4) = 720,000

Total =721,475

Projected Sales/Revenue:

Monthly sales are show as average sale of 1200 regular boxes, 550 medium boxes, 350 extra large boxes, 375 wardrobe boxes.

Page 54: Packers & Movers Project

54

Regular box (1200 into Rs400) 480,000

Medium box (550 intoRs500) 275,000

Extra large box (350 into Rs 600) 210,000

Dish box (300 into Rs800) 240,000

Wardrobe box (375 into Rs800) 300,000

Total Rs1, 505000

Calculation of kilometers:

65km/ per day into 4 trucks = 260km /day

260km into 30 days = 7,800km/month

7800km into 12months = 93600km/annually

Total K.M covers by Trucks at cost

(93,600 @ cost of Rs 50/km) Rs 4,680,000

Other Costs :

Bubble warping cost = (Rs 60/ft into1125) = Rs 67,500

Wrapping paper = (Rs 180/pound into895) = Rs 161,100

Tape = (Rs 160/ roll into 750) = Rs 120,000

Total = Rs348, 600

Page 55: Packers & Movers Project

55

1st Year Projected sales = Rs 6,533,600

Sales increase by 2% annually

2nd Year Projected sales = Rs 6,664,272

3rdYear Projected sales = Rs 6,797,557

4th Year Projected sales = Rs 6,933,508

5th Year Projected sales = Rs 7,072178

Page 56: Packers & Movers Project

56

Mehran PACKERS N MOVERSPRO-FORMA INCOME STATEMENT

ACCOUNT YEARS

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th Sales/revenue Rs 6,533,600 Rs 6,664,272 Rs 6,797,557 Rs 6,933,508 Rs 7,072178

-operating expenses

1. Salary expense! Rs 669,600 Rs 736,560 Rs 810,216 Rs 891,237 Rs 980360

2. Utility expense Rs 135,600 Rs 155,940 Rs 179,331 Rs 206230 Rs 237,164

3. Promotion expense

Rs 719,200 Rs 719,200 Rs 719,200 Rs 719,200 Rs 719,200

4. Maintenance expense

Rs 10,000 Rs 12,000 Rs 14,000 Rs 16,000 Rs 18,000

5. Depreciation Rs 721,475 Rs 721,475 Rs 721,475 Rs 721,475 Rs 721,475

Total Rs 2,255,875 Rs 2,345,175 Rs 2,444,222 Rs 2,554,142 Rs 2,676,199

EBIT(earnings before income tax)

Rs 4,277,725 Rs 4,319,097 Rs 4,353,335 Rs 4,379,366 Rs 4,395,979

-income tax(19% income tax)

Rs 812,767 Rs 820,628 Rs 827,133 Rs 832,079 Rs 835,236

EAT(earnings after tax)Rs 3,464,958 Rs 3,498,469 Rs 3,526,202 Rs 3,547,287 Rs 3,560,743

AS OF YEAR END

Page 57: Packers & Movers Project

57

Mehran PACKERS N MOVERSPRO-FORMA BALANCE SHEET

AS AT DECEMBER 31,

1ST YEAR 2ND YEAR 3RD YEAR 4TH YEAR 5TH YEAR

Current Payable

Account payable/Tax payable

Rs 812,767 Rs 820,628 Rs 827,133 Rs 832,079 Rs 835,236

Total current liabilities Rs 812,767 Rs 820,628 Rs 827,133 Rs 832,079 Rs 835,236

Capital CEO 726,900 1,073,395 1,423,241 1,775,861 2,130,589

CFO 726,900 1,073,395 1,423,241 1,775,861 2,130,589

Marketing manager 726,900 1,073,395 1,423,241 1,775,861 2,130,589

Project manager 726,900 1,073,395 1,423,241 1,775,861 2,130,589

HR/Operations manager 726,900 1,073,395 1,423,241 1,775,861 2,130,589

Investors 3,365,500 5,097,979 6,847,213 8,610,314 10,383,957

Total capital 7,000,000 10,46,4954 13,963,418 17,489,619 21,036,90

Net profit 3,464,958 3,498,469 3,526,202 3,547,287 3,560,743

Net Equity 10,464,958 13,963,423 17,489,620 21,036,906 24,597,645Rs.11,277,725/- Rs.14,784,051/- Rs.18,316,753/- Rs.21,868,985/- Rs.25,432,881/-

1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5th Year

Current Assets

Cash in hand 1196612 2727663 2896452 4359473 5812671

Cash at banks 1196612 2727663 2896452 4359473 5812671

Total current assets 2393225 5455326 5792908 8718947 11625343

Fixed Assets

Building 275000 288750 3031875 3183468 3342641

Trucks 720000 7560000 7938000 8334900 8751645

equipments 29500 30975 32523 34149 35856

Furniture and fixture 30000 31500 33075 34728 36464

land 1350000 1417500 1488375 1562793 1640932

Total fixed assets 8884500 9328725 12523848 13150038 13807538

Page 58: Packers & Movers Project

58

Total assets Rs.11277725/- Rs.14784051/- Rs.18316753/- Rs.2186898/- Rs.25432881/-

RATIOS

Ratios Formula

Year

No. 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th

1. Current Ratio C.Assets/C.Liability 2.945 6.647 7.0 10.4 13.91

2.Net working capital

C.assets-C.liabilities/T.assets 0.140 3.13 0.271 0.366 0.424

3.Debt equity ratio

Total debt/total equity 0.321 0.365 0.391 0.409 0.422

4.

Operating expense/net sale

Any Operating expense×100/ net sale 10.24 10.52 11.9 12.85 13.86

5.Gross profit margin Gross profit/net sales 0.65 0.64 0.640 0.631 0.621

6.Net profit margin Net profit/net sales 0.530 0.524 0.518 0.511 0.503

7.Net profit margin Net profit×100/sales 53.032 52.49 51.88 51.16 50.34