NAME

LAB TIME/DATE

The Appendicular

Bones of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Extremity1. Match the bone names or markings in column B with the descriptions in column A.

Colurnn A Column B

s; deltoid tuberosiry 1. raised area on lateral surface of humerus to which deltoid muscle a. acromionattaches

2. arm bone

p; scapula

t; ulna

b. capitulumi: humerus

d; clavicle ,

o; radius

Skeleton

carpals

clavicle

coracoid process

coronoid fossa

g. deltoid tuberosity

h. glenoid cavity

i, humerus

c.

d.

e.

f.5.

6.

3. bones ofthe shoulder sirdle

4. forearm bones

scapular region to which the clavicle connects

shoulder girdle bone that is unattached to the axial skeleton

shoulder girdle bone that articulates with and transmits forcesto the bony thorax

depression in the scapula that articulates with the humerus

process above the glenoid cavity that permits muscle attachment

the "collarbone"

distal condyle of the humerus that articulates with the ulna

medial bone of forearm in anatomical position

rounded knob on the humerus; adjoins the radius

anterior depression, superior to the trochlea, which receives partof the ulna when the forearm is flexed

forearm bone involved in formation of the elbow joint

wrist bones

finger bones

heads of these bones form the knuckles

a: acromlon

D: scaDula

d; clavicle 7.

h; glenoid cavity

e; coracoidprocess

d; clavicle

s; trochlea

t; ulna

b: caoitulum

f: coronoid fossa

t: ulna

8.

9.

10.

l l .

12.

13.

14.

15.

J.

k.

l .

m.

n.

metacarpals

olecranon fossa

olecranon process

phalanges

radial tuberosity

c; carpals

m; phalanRes

i; metacarpals

p; scapula

16.

t7.

o. radius

p. scapula

q. sternum

r. styloid process

s. trochlea

t. ulna

18.

a: sternum 19. bones that articulate with the clavicle

69

) How is the arm held clear of the widest dimension of the thoracic caee?

The clavicle acts as a strut to hold the glenoid cavity of the scapula (therefore the arm) Iaterally away from the narrowest dimension of

the rib cage.

What is the total number of phalanges in the hand? l4

What is the total number of carpals in the wrist? i

Name the carpals (medial to lateral) in the proximal row. pisiform' triangular' Iunate' scaphoid

In the distal row. thev are (medial to lateral) hamare, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium

5. Using items from the list at the right, identify the anatomical landmarks and regions of the scapula.

3.

4.

c.

d.

1 f.

J.

k.

L

Key:

a.

b.

ob'

h.

i .

acromion

coracoid process

glenoid cavity

inferior angle

infraspinous fossa

lateral border

medial border

spine

superior angle

superior border

suprascapular notch

supraspinous fossa

70 Review Sheet 1' ' l

Match the terms in the key with the appropriate leader lines on the drawings of the humerus and the radius and ulna. Alsodecide whether the bones shown are right or left bones and whether the view shown is an anterior or a posterior view.

kKey:

a. anatomical neck

b. coronoid process

c. distalradioulnarjoint

d. greater tubercle

e. head of humerus

f. head ofradius

g. head of ulna

h. lateral epicondyle

i. medial epicondyle

j. olecranon fossa

k, olecranon process

l. proximal radioulnar joint

m. radial groove

n. radial notch

o. radial tuberosity

p. styloid process ofradius

q. styloid process ofulna

r. surgical neck

s. trochlea

t. trochlear notch

Circle the correct term for each pair in parentheses:

b. massive e. secure axial and limb attachmentsc. lightweight f. weight-bearing most important

Pectoral: a , -----!-, Pelvic: -----3-, f

I l terur lfpmnlpl urinnru hlndder tmnll intectine rprhtm

ThehumerusisaGigfri}eft)bonein{ananterior@view.TheradiusandulnaareGiEfri}eft)bonesin@a posterior) view.

Bones of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limb7. Compare the pectoral and pelvic girdles by choosing appropriate descriptive terms from the key.

Key: a. flexibility most important d. insecure axial and limb attachments

8. What organs are protected, at least in part, by the pelvic girdle?

Review Sheet 11 71

9. Distinguish between the true pelvis and the false pelvis. The true pelvis is the region inferior to the pelvic brim, which is encircled

by bone. The false pelvis is the area medial to the flarin| iliac bones and lies superior to the pelvic brim.

10. Use letters from the key to identify the bone markings on this illustration of an articulated pelvis. Make an educated guessas to whether the illustration shows a male or female pelvis and provide two reasons for your decision.

Key:

a. acetabulum

b. ala of sacrum

c. anterior superior iliac spine

d. iliac crest

e. iliac fossa

f. ischial spine

g. pelvic brim

h. pubic crest

i. pubic symphysis

j. sacroiliac joint

k. sacrum

This is u male (female/male) pelvis because;

Acetabula are close together; pubic anglelarch is less than 90"; narrow sacrum, heart-shaped pelvic inlet

11. Deduce why the pelvic bones of a fourJegged animal such as the cat or pig are much less massive than those of the human.

The pelvic girdle does not have to carry the entire weight of the trunk in the quadruped animal.

12. A person instinctively curls over his abdominal area in times of danger. Why?

protection from the skeletal system.

Abdominal area orRans receive the least

13. For what anatomical reason do many women appear to be slightly knock-kneedl The pelvis is broader and the acetabula

and ilia are more laterally positioned. Thus, the femur runs downward to the knee more obliquely than in the male

14. What doesfallen arches mean?

72 Review Sheet 11

A weakening, of the tendons and lig,aments supportinl the arches of the foot.

15. Match the bone names and rnarkings in column B with the descriptions in column A.

i: ilium

Column A

k; ischium and

Column B

a. acetabulum

b. calcaneus

c. femur

d. fibula

gluteal tuberosity

greater and lessertrochanters

greater sciatic notch

iliac crest

ilium

ischial tuberosity

ischium

lateral malleolus

lesser sciatic notch

Iinea aspera

medial malleolus

metatarsals

obturator foramen

patella

pubic symphysis

pubis

sacroiliac joint

talus

tarsals

tibia

tibial tuberosity

t; pubis

k; ischium

s; pubic symphysis

h; iliac crest

a; acetabulum

u; sacroiliac joint

x; tibia

e.

f.

l .

2.

3.

4.

5.

fuse to form the coxal bone

"sit-down" bone of the coxal bone

point where the coxal bones join anteriorly

superiormost margin of the coxal bone

deep socket in the coxal bone that receives the head of thethigh bone

6. joint between axial skeleton and pelvic girdle

c; Iemur 7. longest, strongest bone in body

d: fibula 8. thin lateral leg bone

9. heavy medial leg bone

b: calcaneus

w; tarsals

p; metatarsals

c; femur x; tibia 10. bones forming knee joint

y; tibial tuberosity 11. point where the patellar ligament attaches

.r; patella 12. kneecap

x; tibia 13. shinbone

14. medial ankle projection

15. lateral ankle projection

16. largest tarsal bone

17. ankle bones

18. bones forming the instep of the foot

o: medial malleolus

l: lateral malleolus

q; obturatorforamcn 19. opening in hip bone formed by the pubic and ischial rami

e; gluteal tubergsity un1j f; gregter and 20. sites of muscle attachment onlesser troclnnters the proximal femur

v: talus 21. tarsal bone that "sits" on the calcaneus

x; tibia weight-bearing bone of the leg

tarsal bone that articulates with the tibia

22.

v; talus 23,

Review Sheet 11 73

16. Match the terms in the key with the appropriate leader lines on the drawings of the femur and the tibia and fibula. Also de-cide if these bones are right or left bones and whether the view shown is an anterior or a posterior view.

Key:

a. distal tibiofibular joint

b. fovea capitis

c. gluteal tuberosity

d. greater trochanter

e. head of femur

f. head of fibula

g. intercondylareminence

h. intertrochantericcrest

i. lateral condyle

j. lateral epicondyle

k. lateral malleolus

l. lesser ffochanter

m. medial condyle

n. medial epicondyle

o. medial malleolus

p. neck of femur

proximal tibiofibular joint

tibial anterior border

tibial tuberosity

Circle the correct term for each pair in parentheses:

q.

r.

S.

ThefemurisaGlgtr?Deft)bonein(ananter io.@view.Thet ibiaandf ibulaare(Etr} tert)bonesin@a posterior) view.

Summary of Skeleton17. Identify all indicated bones (or groups of bones) in the diagram of the articulated skeleton on page 73.

74 Review Sheet 11