WRC Projects K5/2412 & K5/2413:
Reference group meeting
Dr Kirsty Carden
8 September 2015
University of Cape Town
2WSUD in SA – the narrative
3WSD transition framework for South Africa
4
5Grounding the WSD concept in SA
• Tools – guidelines, manuals etc.
• Transfer – capacity building
• Tactics – engaging stakeholders
• Trials – pilot implementations
6Way forward – ‘agents for change’
• Technological path dependency / Reliable science and data
• Common vision / Champions and/or committed collective
• Institutional fragmentation / Bridging organisations
• Organisational responsibilities / Accountability and targets
• Political incentives and/or disincentives / Market receptivity
• Organisational commitment / Strategic funding and planning
• Community capacity to participate / Socio-political capital
Create Learning Alliances where stakeholders can engage
in collective sense-making and vision-building
7‘Reliable science’ - WRC Project K5/2412
A feasibility study to evaluate the potential of using
Water Sensitive Design principles to strengthen
planning for water sensitive cities of the future
Overall aim: to test the WSUD concept and framework
within a selected catchment(s) and/or municipality(ies)
in South Africa
8Main objectives / research questions
Investigate means of developing WSD practice in South
Africa – through adoption of various disciplinary
perspectives: engineering, environmental goods and
services, social / institutional, property studies etc.
• What kinds of WSD interventions are appropriate at an
urban catchment scale?
• How can these interventions make a difference to both
the quality and quantity (flows) of adjacent surface and
groundwater?
9Methods
• Intensive catchment study / baseline assessment - Liesbeek
• Assess other sites for identification of opportunities /
constraints for WSD implementation
• Determine economic costs and benefits
• Build stakeholder relationships (Learning Alliances)
• Exploring architectural knowledge / influences in WSD
• Develop decision-support system to provide direction with
WSD implementation
10Deliverables
• Research methods (30 Nov 2014)
• Opportunities and options for WSD (28 Feb 2015)
• Baseline assessment of selected catchments (30 Jun 2015)
• Draft report on design of WSD elements (30 Nov 2015)
• Annual progress report (29 Feb 2016)
• Draft final report - WSD design and costing (30 Nov 2016)
• Final report (31 Jan 2017)
11Associated research
• Baseline catchment studies
• Groundwater studies
• WSD options
• Stakeholder engagement (linked with CoP
programme)
12Baseline catchment studies
• Viability of rain / stormwater harvesting - Liesbeek River catchment
• Quantifying the potential for potable water savings -Liesbeek River catchment
• Performance of stormwater ponds
• Value capture and WSD
• Amenity functions / social perceptions of stormwater ponds
• WSD decision-support system
• WSD and industrial development in Saldanha Bay
• Impact of decentralised groundwater use on CoCT water demand
13Groundwater studies
• Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) for the
management of stormwater on the Cape Flats
• Groundwater modelling at site-specific scale
• Groundwater quality with EC profiling
• Groundwater flow system in CFA
• Groundwater recharge estimation (CFA)
• Risk assessment of contamination of groundwater
resources in the CFA
• Groundwater flooding with CFA as a case study
14WSD options
• Treatment efficacy of permeable pavements
• Evaluation of biofilter systems
• Attenuation of peak stormwater flow using natural wetlands
• Exploring architectural knowledge in Water Sensitive Design
• Permeable pavements as stormwater management / rainwater harvesting options for residential areas
• Review of Cape Town’s recreational water (‘spray’) parks
15
WSD technology Current findings and/or progress with research
Rainwater harvesting Reducing municipal water demand, with negligible stormwater
management benefits. Only financially viable for minority of
property owners, more affluent households.
Stormwater harvesting Reducing municipal water demand, decreasing total runoff
volumes, offering amenity benefits and attenuating peak flows.
Water efficient devices Significant impact on reducing water demand, specifically in the
domestic sector (could potentially reduce indoor water use by
nearly 50%)
Greywater harvesting Reduce demand for potable water by meeting outdoor water
requirements – particularly in terms of seasonal variation.
SuDS – e.g. Permeable
pavement systems
Improving quality of polluted stormwater run-off in urban areas,
but also offer potential for storing water for a range of fit-for-
purpose uses.
Technology-specific findings
16Interactions between different WSD technologies
17Final report - Design of WSD elements
• Water sensitive infrastructure
• Conceptualising water sensitive design
• Groundwater as a resource / Managed Aquifer
Recharge
• SuDS options
• Environmental system design and planning aspects
• Drivers / barriers to design, implementation and
operation of WSD interventions
18
Task
2016 2017
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1
MPhil study (Construction
Economics)
MPhil study (Architecture)
MA study (Social Anthropology)
Write draft report
Write final report
Detailed work programme
19Capacity building – K5/2412
Forename(s) Surname Gender Race Qualification Institution Country of origin
Lloyd Fisher-Jeffes Male White PhD UCT South Africa
Benjamin Mauck Male White PhD UCT South Africa
Alastair Rohrer Male White MSc(Eng) UCT UK
Christoph de Chavonnes Vrugt Male White MA UCT Namibia
Gregory Mallet Male White MPhil UCT South Africa
Anna Crisp Female White MSc UCT South Africa
Siyamthanda Gxokwe Male African MSc UWC South Africa
Danica Carnow Female Coloured MSc UWC South Africa
Nangamso Tuswa Male African BSc(Hons) UWC South Africa
Tieho Sekonyela Male African BSc(Eng) UCT South Africa
Lauren Brooks Female Coloured BSc(Eng) UCT South Africa
Catherine Atkinson Female White BSc(Eng) UCT South Africa
Raadhiya Perin Female Indian BSc(Eng) UCT South Africa
20‘Engaging stakeholders’ - WRC Project K5/2413
Development and management of a Water Sensitive
Design Community of Practice programme
Overall aim is to “strengthen the researcher /
stakeholder and implementer interface in order to
leverage partnerships and facilitate, manage and
document technology transfer opportunities from the
planning and design phases through to the piloting
(adapting) and implementation phases”
21Social learning and Learning Alliances
“Communities of practice are groups of people who have common
concerns and pursue knowledge through regular interactions” (Armitage, 2008)
• Enabling environment through social learning
• Shared interest, joint activities, discussion
• Enhanced generation of knowledge through collaborative learning
processes
• Adaptive management embedded in social learning processes
“Learning Alliances platforms that bring together stakeholders from a range
of institutions: municipalities, service providers, universities, NGOs, user
groups – to think and learn, using action research to test ideas” (Butterworth et al., 2011)
22Overview of progress
1. WSD project scoping – identifying drivers and
barriers (currently being finalised)
2. Social learning and Learning Alliance activities
3. Platforms to drive WSD mechanisms
4. WSD dissemination activities
5. Identifying and understanding role players
23Social learning and Learning Alliances
• WSD working group and development of WSD strategy for City of Cape Town
• Inclusion of urban drainage in the hydrosocial contract
• Enabling a Community of Practice: network dynamics in building a water sensitive catchment (Liesbeek Life)
• Facilitating Green Municipal Infrastructure Services Round Table – SACN, ICLEI
• Umgeni Water Initiative - integrated water and sanitation systems for rural / peri-urban areas
‘Transition arenas’ for stakeholders to engage in
collective sense-making, articulate realities / expectations
as well as build a vision
24Platforms to drive WSD mechanisms
• Dialogue sessions, e.g. ‘Urban agriculture and water’
/ role of WSD – PHA Food and farming campaign
• Development of resource guidelines for greywater
use and management
• Integrating WSD frameworks with standards, policy,
rating systems
• Water Hub, Franschhoek
• Links to SDGs
25WSD dissemination activities
1. Awareness-raising workshops / seminars – WSD /
SuDS training
2. Website / brochure
3. Engagement on policy – e.g. presentations to
Parliamentary portfolio committees
4. Water saving game (awaiting funding)
5. Conference papers / journal articles etc.
26Identifying / understanding role players
• WSD Lighthouse activities – monitoring research progress,
Reference groups, co-hosting workshops etc.
• International research collaborations – EU Framework
Horizon 2020; BRICS STI collaboration etc.
• Strengthening and broadening researcher base – e.g. Future
Water
27Deliverables – K5/2413
Title Target date
Interim Report 2014/15 submitted
Annual report 2014/15 submitted
Interim Report 2015/16 submitted
Annual report 2015/16 submitted
Interim Report 2016/17 submitted
Annual report 2016/17 31/01/2017
Interim Report 2017/18 31/07/2017
Annual report 2017/18 31/01/2018
Final report 28/02/2019
28Capacity building – K5/2413
Forename(s) Surname Gender Race Qualification Institution Country of origin
David Ellis Male White MSc(Eng) UCT South Africa
Andrew Bennett Male White MSc UCT South Africa
Lucky Mbengwa Male African BSc(Eng) UCT South Africa
Anthony Fry Male White BSc(Eng) UCT South Africa
Ross Roberts Male White BSc(Eng) UCT Zimbabwe
Waldo Strydom Male White BSc(Eng) UCT South Africa
Matthew Hurworth Male White BSc(Eng) UCT South Africa
29Event / activity Topic Objective of event / activity Date Intended audience Partner
Dialogue sessionLocal government
integration and WSD
Workshop the WSUD framework
with local authority officialsSep 2016
Local government
officials; planners,
urban designers etc.
SALGA
2016 Conf on
Sustainable Cities &
Human Settlements
‘Water Sensitive
South African
settlements’
Disseminate research results,
raise awareness about WSD
5 to 7 Oct
2016
Municipal engineers,
consultants, water
experts
WSD / SuDS training
seminar – Knysna
Sharing experiences
in WSD
Disseminate research results,
raise awareness about WSD Late Oct
2016
Engineers, water
experts
Biowise
CSE India Training
programme
WSUD and planning Co-host and contribute training
material
6 to 9
Nov 2016
Water sector
professionals
WRC
Launch of WSD
survey
On-line WSD survey Establish levels of knowledge
and interest in WSD
Jan 2017
(tbc)
Interested
stakeholders
Practitioners’
seminar
Local Climate
Solutions for Africa
Conf (ICLEI)
Workshop and/or presentations
with input from practitioners
Mar 2017
(tbc)
WSD practitioners
Peri-urban 2017
Conference
Host and/or
organisation;
scientific review
To engage on approaches and
research strategy while sharing
SA approaches
Jul 2017
(tbc)
Local and
international
stakeholders
WRC
14th ICUD
Conference, Prague
Conference paper
presentations
Disseminate research results,
raise awareness about WSD 10 to 15
Sep 2017
IMESA 2018
Conference, SA
Conference paper
presentation
Showcase student research late Oct
2017 (tbc)
Municipal engineers,
consultants
Workshop series 2 –
one day workshops
in cities around SA
WSD policy
requirements and
challenges
National, local and inter-
governmental policy
requirements in terms of WSD
late Nov
2017 (tbc)
Relevant
government and
other institutions,
WRC
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