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MONITORING WORKLOAD IN
FAST BOWLERS
By CJ Clark
Team Physiotherapist
Wet Indies Cricket Team
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WHY MEASURE WORKOAD?
It measures the ACTUAL impact of training andmatch performance on each individual
Only with ACCURATE & RELIABLE measurement
can you hope to make GOOD analysis andchange, like COACHING biomechanics
Only with a thorough knowledge of what the
athlete is FEELING, as well as a detailedunderstanding of what he is DOING can you makeappropriate adjustments
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WHY MEASURE WORKOAD?
The RULE OF INDIVIDUAL VARIATION
NO individual will responded identically to a
given training program / load / exercise
Depends on individual genetic profile, health,
age, injury status, experience etc
MAIN AIM Is to gain an understanding of
athletes tolerance to training
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Fast Bowling & Injuries
BowlingWorkload
Physical
PreparationTechnique
THE INJURY TRIAD
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FAST BOWLING & INJURIES
INJURIES generally occur EARLY SEASON or LATE SEASON
EARLY SEASON
Too much workload too quickly (COACH)
Poor Preseason Preparation (S&C)
Poor/Insufficient Rehab from Past Injury (PHYSIO)
LATE SEASON
Fatigue, Over Training, Loss of Condition
Poor Recovery Practices
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COMMON INJURIES
MUSCLE STRAINSHamstring, Gluteal, Groin, Abdominal / Side, Back
LOWER LIMB JOINT PROBLEMS
Ankle Sprains, Posterior Ankle Impingement
Patellar femoral Tendinopathy, Knee Cartilage/Lgts
INTERVERTEBRAL DISC & LUMBAR Jt PROBLEMS
Reduced height, degeneration, bulging, herniation
PARS INTERARTICULARIS STRESS FRACTURES
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STRESS / RECOVERY CYCLE
BASIS OF ALL TRAINING - ADAPTATION
Push to limit then allow recovery time
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Stress / Recovery Cycle
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STRESS / RECOVERY CYCLE
Concept of Tissue Tolerance
Critical Workload limit (MAXIMAL)
Concept of Repetitive Microtrauma One stress may not damage tissue
Cumulative low load stress lowers threshold
Injuries MORE LIKELY (MAX level drops)
PROBLEMS ARISE WHEN RECOVERY PERIOD IS
INADEQUATE OR TOO EXCESSIVE !
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Risk of Injury Vs WorkloadR. Dennis, P Farhart
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Number of Deliveries Per Week
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Weekly load & Injury Risk
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HOW TO MONITOR WORKLOAD
Several approaches possible, range from
SIMPLE to COMPLEX
Time and commitment from Coaching Staff /Sports Med Staff / Player
Simplest:
HOW DO YOU FEEL ?
HOW MANY BALLS DID YOU BOWL ?
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HOW TO MONITOR WORKLOAD
IS THIS ENOUGH ?
MUST BE OBJECTIVE
Reliability & Validity
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Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale
RATING Descriptor Translation
0 Rest Rest
1 Very, Very Easy Really Easy
2 Easy Easy
3 Moderate Moderate
4 Somewhat hard Sort of Hard
5 Hard Hard
6 - HARD
7 Very Hard VERY HARD
8 - Coach tried to kill me
9 - I feel like death
10 Maximal Oh shit!
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SESSION RPE
RPE can be used to rate any physical session
Cricket Fielding Session - CRICKET LOAD
Gym Weights Session - RESISTANCE LOAD
Run / Bike / Swim - CARDIO LOAD
Can use to provide measure when there ismultiple sessions in a day OR multiple types ofsession (eg net bowling, followed by gym)
Can use the sessional RPE to determine TRAININGLOAD (Discussed later)
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HOW TO MONITOR WORKLOAD
1. PRIOR TO EVERY SESSION
Ask player how they feel
Any INJURY or DISCOMFORT? Where ?
Scored out of 10 (0 = No Pain, 10 = Worst Pain Imaginable)
2. COUNT ALL DELIVERIES BOWLED FOR DAY
Coach / Observer counts & recordsRecord as NET or MATCH Workload
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HOW TO MONITOR WORKLOAD
Match Workload: found using score sheet
Eg 10.4 overs, 6 nb, 3 wides = 73 balls
NET Load: Can count (best) OR Use an estimate
1 min in NET = 4 balls bowled (>2 bowlers)
3 bowlers in net for 20 min= (20 x 4) / 3 = 80 / 3 = 27 balls each bowler
4 bowlers in net for 20 min= (20 x 4) / 4 = 80 / 4 = 20 balls each bowler
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HOW TO MONITOR WORKLOAD
3. RECORD DELIVERIES IN WORKSHEET
Record Number of balls AND Duration
4. RECORD PLAYERS SESSIONAL RPEBest done 30 mins AFTER session finished
Good to have a printed RPE scale handy
5. COMPLETE DAILY FOR A WEEK
Calculate weekly load
Record weekly load & graph
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Weekly Recording
Date Symptoms Pain Score Balls
Bowled
Duration
(min)
SESSIONS
Mch Net Mch Net Mch Net
April 1 - 0/10 - 34 - 25 - 1
April 2 REST DAY - - - - - -April 3 Stiff back 2/10 - 28 - 20 - 1
April 4 Stiff Back 4/10 6 - 10 - 0.5
April 5 Stiff back 1/10 30 - 20 - 1
April 6 REST DAY 0/10 - - - - - -
April 7 16 overs 0/10 96 - 16x4
=64
- 1 -
TOTAL 96 98 64 75 1 3.5
194 139 4.5
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Season Recording
Month Delivery NET
LOAD
MATCH
LOAD
Time
(min)
SESSIONS
NET Mtc
Tot
Week 1 194 98 96 139 3.5 1 4.5
Week 2 180 74 106 130 2 2 4
Week 3 207 120 87 150 3 1 4
Week 4 240 107 133 165 2 3 5
Week 5 160 80 80 105 2 1 3
Week 6 Inj 45 0 24 2 0 2
Week 7 Inj 80 0 35 3 0 3
Week 8 REST 0 0 0 0 0 0
Week 9 134 134 0 96 3 0 3
Week 10 183 76 107 120 2 2 4
TOTAL 1298 814 484 22.5 10 32.5
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Monitoring Workload
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Match Delivery Workload & Injury
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OPTIONS TO INCREASE DETAIL
SUBJECTIVERecovery Questionnaires
Multi-Component Training Distress Qnaire
OBJECTIVE
Load / Monotony / Strain Calculation (session RPE)
Heart Rate Monitoring (TE, EPOC)
Hormonal Assay Test (Saliva Test)Weekly Musculoskeletal Screening / Function
Testing
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WHAT THE OPPOSITION DOES ?
MATCHHARDNESS
WORKLOADMONITORING
PHYSICALMONITORING
Opposition OBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
Country Number of Deliveries Knee to Wall Test
Match Format Heart Rate (TE/EPOC) Internal Rotation Test
Climate Training Duration Jump Testing
Hours of Travel Reactivity Test
Recovery b/w match SUBJECTIVE Illness / Injury
Training Duration Session RPE
Training Intensity SUBJECTIVE
Training Modality Energy Levels
Team Selection Muscle Soreness
(Passive & Active)
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TRAINING LOAD
Session RPE score can be multiplied by duration
to find the session LOAD
Load = Session RPE X Duration in minEg RPE 5/10, 24 min net duration
Session Load is 5 x 24 = 120 Units
Can add to the weekly bowling record to get
further information
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DAY SESSION Duration
(min)
SESSION
RPE
LOAD
SUN Net Session 30 6 180
MON Rest 0 0 0
TUE Net Session 40 8 320
WED Net Session 40 5 200
THU Rest 0 0 0
FRI MATCH 80 9 720
SAT Rest 0 0 0
TOTAL 1420
(total / 7) DAILY MEAN LOAD 203
(standard deviation) DAILY SD OF LOAD 260
(daily mean/S.Dev) MONOTONY 0.78
(daily mean load x 7) WEEKLY LOAD 1421
(weekly load x monotony) STRAIN 1109.5
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PHYSICAL MONITORING
LUNGE TEST (BOWLERS) Keep heel on ground, try to
touch wall to knee
Less than 14cm on
NON BOWLING SIDE has
great risk of Injury
USE OF WEEKLY PHYSICAL MEASURES TO ASSESSEFFECT OF TRAINING ON PHYSICAL STRUCTURE
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RECOVERY QUESTIONAIRE
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AFL FOOTBALL APPROACH
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APPLICATIONS
Coaches may reduce workload for continuouslyinjured players, with certainty.
May also consider higher workloads when there is a
low previous injury rateConsider recent training history to guide progress of
player and to suggest need for furtherconditioning / training
Allows for appropriate PLANNING for futurecompetition and preparation periods
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