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What is next for CDMA?April 2010
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Disclaimer
QUALCOMM Incorporated, 5775 Morehouse Drive, San Diego, CA 92121-1714Copyright © 2009 QUALCOMM Incorporated, All rights reserved.
Nothing in these materials is an offer to sell any of the components or devices referenced herein. Certain components for use in the U.S. are available only through licensed suppliers. Some components are not available for use in the U.S.
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What is next for CDMA?
Rev. B is Commercial Growing momentum with many operator and vendor commitments
LTE to Complement 3GOperators with access to new and wider spectrum plan to augment their networks with LTE
—relying on 1X for voice services and EV-DO for ubiquitous data coverage
DO Advanced—Maximizing Performance of EV-DOFurther increasing capacity and user experience where and when needed using existing assets
1X Advanced—4x Voice Capacity Continuing industry’s voice performance leadership
CDMA& EV-DO
4 Sources: Subscriber Information : Wireless Intelligence estimates as of Jan 25, 2010 for quarter ending Dec 31, 2009, not including WLL; Operators, devices, vendors related information : CDG. Jan 2010
Large CDMA2000 and EV-DO Ecosystem
CDMA2000 1XEV-DOCDMA2000 1X + EV-DO
~ 460 Million CDMA2000 Subs
~ 147 Million EV-DO
~ 21 Million Rev. A
>2,300 CDMA2000 Devices
>545 EV-DO>220 Rev. A
>310 CDMA Operators
>110 EV-DO>80 Rev. A
5
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
EV-DO Subscribers
EV-DO’s Strong Growth Continues
Substantial growth expected in China, India and other emerging markets
Millions
>355M Subs
Source: Wireless Intelligence estimates as of Jan 25, 2010 for quarter ending Dec 31, 2009, *number of unique wireless connections
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~6-7 Years to Reach 50M Subscribers for Successful Wireless Standards
Air i/f
Publication
Publication
Publication
Publication
Publication
Sources: CDG, Qualcomm, Ericsson, IEEE, 3GPP2 and GSMA. The “first reference publication” date used is the earliest publication date where Qualcomm feels that a set of reasonably complete and consistent specifications were available. Note that the LTE air interface publication date shown is 12/2007, but the core network (EPC) was published mid 2008. A stable ASN.1 code is required for commercial implementation of the standard (LTE R8 ASN.1 was frozen in March 2009).
Publication
WCDMA
EV-DO
GSM ~50M Subs
~50M Subs
~50M Subs
CDMA ~50M Subs
802.11~50M Subs
HSDPA ~50M Subs
LTE PublicationEPC
’90 ’91 ’92 ’93 ’94 ’95 ’96 ’97 ’98 ’99 2000 ’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’091989 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15
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LTERel-8 Rel-10
LTE Advanced
Rel-9
2010 2012+
LTE Leverages new, wider and TDD spectrum
Enhanced User ExperienceImproved voice and data capacity
CDMA20001X Simultaneous 1X Voice and EV-DO Data
DO AdvancedRev. A
EV-DO Rev. BEV-DORel. 0
1X Advanced
H/W upgradeMulticarrier
2011
Estimated commercial launches, LTE launch assumes multimode devices
Excellent Mobile Broadband Voice and Full Range of IP Services
1X and EV-DO have Strong Evolution PathsLTE is Evolving in Parallel
Created 04/06/10
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EV-DO Rev. B is Commercial
*Formerly known as Wana Telecom; Source: Statements from vendors and operators
Growing Operator Commitment
Rev. B “Multicarrier EV-DO” Gaining Momentum
Leading the way with world’s first Rev. B network (Jan 2010)
Rel -0 Rel - A
EV-DO
Multicarrier H/W Upgrade
DO Advanced
Telecom
EV-DO Rev. B
Strong Vendor Support
China Telecom
TelecomINWI*
PTCL
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Rev. B’s Multicarrier Enhances Broadband Experience—Triples Data Rates to All Users
3x Rev. B Multicarrier
Rev. ASingle Carrier
Peak Rate Median Rate Cell Edge Rate
14.7 Mbps
3.1 Mbps
3.6Mbps
1.1Mbps 1.2
Mbps0.4
Mbps
Source: Peak rates are as defined in standards. The median and cell edge rates are based on Qualcomm simulations, using mixed channel model with Rev. B Phase-II devices supporting 64 QAM
Cost-effective software upgrade to multicarrier
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Rev. B’s Multicarrier More Than Doubles Capacity for Bursty Applications
Bursty Data Application (e.g. browsing)
Data bursts
Idle time
ImprovedUser
Experience Increased Capacity
Multicarrier(3x Rev. A)
3 SingleRev. A carriers
No. of Users per Carrier
Bur
sty
Dat
a R
ate
Partially loadedcarriers
Note: Based on lab measurements using realistic traffic models from the web. The average burst download time (over the air) is reduced ~ 66%. The capacity gain depends on the sector load which in this case is typical for a EV-DO Rev. A system.
11Source: Qualcomm Simulations: 3GPP2 methodology - 2km site-to-site dist., embedded sector, mixed channel, full buffer traffic, proportional-fair scheduler ; 7 carrier considered for Rev. B
Similar Rev. B and LTE CapacityWhen using same amount of spectrum
Rel . 8 (2x2 MIMO)Rev. B (RxD 1x2)
10 MHz FDDNote: 64 QAM Not considered for Multicarrier, which further increases the spectral efficiency
MulticarrierLTE
x1.1x
10.3 Mbps
11.9 Mbps
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Even Higher Capacity and Data Rates with Rev. B’s CSM6850 Upgrade
Expected launch in 2H 20091Through total Interference Cancellation (TIC), also benefits existing devices, CSM6800 with Pilot IC is already commercial, gain compared to CSM6800 without IC.2Peak rate increased through Higher order modulation (64QAM
Supports up to 4 carriers on a single card
CSM6850
~ 65%higher reverse link data capacity in fully loaded networks1
Multicarrier or single carrier Rel. 0/Rev. A/B
Supports total interference cancellation- Traffic, Overhead and Pilot IC
Up to 14.7 Mbps forward link peak data rates2
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1X Advanced: Up to 4x Increase Compared to CDMA2000’s Excellent Capacity
Freed-up spectrum can be used for EV-DO data
1X AdvCDMA2000 1X EV-DO
CDMA2000Achievable Today
1X Advanced
4xVoice users
xVoice users
1.5xVoice users
3xVoice users
Single Antenna
Mobile Rx Diversity
• BTS IC + Adv. QLIC• Radio Link Enhancements
New handset & New Channel Card
• EVRC• Single RX
• EVRC-B (4GVTM)• QLIC (device IC)
New handsetNetwork upgrades
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1X Advanced: Early Time-to-Market by Leveraging Available MSMs with MRD
Relative capacity/sector (1.25 MHz)RLIC – Reverse Link Interference Cancellation
EVRC-BQLIC
1.5X
2.3x
4x
Existing Channel Card
Mobile RxDiversity (MRD)++Today’s
Devices
Available MSMs
RLIC All FeaturesNew Channel Card
x 1.5x
New MSMs1X Advanced
Devices
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1X Advanced: Simple and Cost-Effective Channel Card Upgrade
CSM 87001X
Advanced
4x Voice Capacity
Leverages existing assets Simple channel card
upgrade Standards published in
June 2009
Interference Cancellation
Radio Link Enhancements
Mobile Receive Diversity
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1X Advanced: Up to 70% Coverage Increase
Capacity and coverage tradeoff Notes: Based on Qualcomm simulations, coverage is defined as the maximum area with less than 1% of the users in outage; Assumptions : 3GPP2 simulation frame work, embedded sector, with all the 1X Advanced features considered including MRD, FL and RL Interference Cancellation, new RC
Up to 4x higher capacity with same coverage
as 1X today
Up to 70% larger coverage area with same capacity
as 1X today
x
4x
x1X
Advanced1X
Advanced1X Today
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1X Advanced: Continuing the Voice Capacity Leadership
CDMA2000
1X Advanced
4xVoice users
xVoice users
• BTS IC + Adv. QLIC+ MRD• Radio Link Enhancements
New Channel Card & New Handset
• EVRC• Single RX
LTE-VoIP
• AMR (12.2 k )• MRD (Rx Div)
1.7xVoice users
New network w/ IMS & New Handset
Notes: Source – Qualcomm Simulations. The capacity comparison is based on 10 MHz spectrum using 3GPP2 simulation framework with embedded sectors, 7 carriers considered for 1X and 1X Advanced .
Larger1X Advanced UL coverage because of soft-handoff and continuous UL
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Simultaneous 1X Voice and EV-DO Data
1X Voice EV-DO Data
Simultaneous 1X Voice and EV-DO Data
CDMA2000 1X Carrier EV-DO Carrier
Planned for all new Qualcomm EV-DO chipsets
Handset feature with no network impact
Independent of the air link standard Voice using 1X or 1X Advanced EV-DO Rev. A or Rev. B
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1X Advanced and Rev. B: Strong Chipset Support
CSM6800
Rev. B
Infrastructure
FSM98xx
Rev. B
CSM8700
1X Advanced
Macro BTS
Pico/Femto
Data Optimized
MDM6600Rev. B/HSPA+
MDM9600Rev. B/
LTE/DC-HSPA+
Thin Modem/ Data Cards
QSC61x5Rev. B/ 1X Adv
QSC6695
Rev. B / 1XAdv HSPA+
Feature/Basic Phones
MSM7630
Rev. B/1X Adv HSPA+
MSM8660
Rev. B / 1X Adv HSPA+
MSM8960
Rev. B / 1X Adv LTE/DC-HSPA+
Smartphones
Smartbooks
Handset Optimized
CSM6850
Rev. B
QSD8650
Rev. B/ 1X HSPA
Legal Notice: In the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany, the use of the term “Smartbook” in connection with portable computers is reserved exclusively to Smartbook AG, Germany.
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Increased network capacity and data rates by exploiting uneven network loading
(Network Load Balancing, Demand Matched Configuration, Distributed Network Scheduler)
DO Advanced: Maximizing the Performance of EV-DO
Increased connection-capacity by more efficient use of existing resources
SmartNetworks
Enhanced ConnectionManagement
Enhanced Equalizer - Improved performance for uneven and burstytraffic
Mobile Tx Diversity- Higher UL capacity anddata rates
AdvancedDevices
Software Upgrade
Infra/StandardsIndependent
Software Upgrade
Software upgrade that benefits existing and new devices
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Smart Networks Exploit Typically Unevenly Loaded Networks
Network loading continuously changes with time and location
Fully loaded sectors are usually surrounded by lightly loaded neighbors
Heavy Load
Medium Load
Light Load
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Reduces interference by adjusting sector-carrier transmit power to match load
Users preferentially served by carriers that maximize capacity
Utilizes unused capacity of lightly loaded neighbors
Smart Networks Offer Substantial Increase in Network Capacity and User Experience
Network capacity increase depends on deployment, demand distribution and implementation
Network Load
Balancing
Demand Matched
Configuration
DistributedNetwork
Scheduler
Improved performance where needed, utilizing existing resources
Can Double Network Capacity and cell-edge data rates
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DO Advanced Performance Improvement -Example
Note: The performance shown is for users in the central cells (with 2x load) . The increase depends on deployment, demand distribution and implementation
Relative Sector Load:
Sample Cluster with Uneven Load
x 2x
-1 -0.5 0 0.5 1
Dist. in km
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
-1.5
Dis
t. in
km
Improved Performance during Highly Loaded Condition
24Source: Qualcomm simulations. assumes 1 single carrier macro, with 2 double carrier picocells. Pico-cells are placed in high demand areas of the network. Typical loading assumed on the macro BTS. MIMO not considered
Macro(1 Carrier)
Improved Performance with Advanced Topology Networks
DO Advanced techniques applied to networks with microcells, picocells, etc.
X
EV-DO Rev. A
Network Capacity (DL)(Macro + Pico)
Pico cell(2 carrier)
Example: Improvement with DO Advanced Pico cell deployment
DO Advanced
4.5X
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LTE Leverages New Wider Spectrum to Boost Data Capacity in Dense Urban Areas
Best suited to leverage new and wider bandwidths
Available in smaller bandwidths
20 MHz15 MHz1.4MHz 10 MHz5 MHz3 MHz
3G CoverageSeamless 3G service continuity from day one—Evolved 3G ensures similar user experience
LTE relative performance decreases with bandwidth due to higher overhead; 40% overhead in 1.4 MHz vs. 25% in 20 MHz results in 25% better relative performance in 20 MHz vs. 1.4 MHz.
LTE
Industry’s first LTE/3G multimode solutions
LTE/3GMultimodeSolutionsTTD & FDD
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LTE Voice Through Fallback to 3G, Long Term Solution is VoIP using IMS
LTE focused on data while leveraging 3G for voice3
1Simultaneous 1X Voice and DO (SVDO) planned across future Qualcomm DO chipsets. Simultaneous Voice and data also through VoIP over EV-DO. 2Requires VCC for service continuity
Initial LaunchesData Cards
Initial Voice SolutionLTE Data Handsets
Long Term Voice SolutionLTE VoIP Handsets
3G coverage
LTE coverage
Simultaneous VoIP and LTE data2
LTE data onlyLTE coverage
LTE data onlyLTE coverage
Rely on 3G for Voice andSimultaneous Voice and Data
1X voice and EV-DO data (SVDO)1
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Industry’s First LTE/3G Multimode Chipsets
MDM9200™: LTE & HSPA+ R8 Multicarrier1
100 Mbps downlink / 50 Mbps uplink Sampling 3Q 2009
MSM8960™: LTE & HSPA+ R8 Multicarrier1, EV-DO Rev. B 1GHz applications processor and 1080p HD encode and decode Sampling mid 2010
MDM9600™: LTE & HSPA+ R8 Multicarrier1, EV-DO Rev. B 100 Mbps downlink / 50 Mbps uplink Sampling 3Q 2009
MDM9200LTE
DC-HSPA+EDGE
MDM9600LTE
DC-HSPA+/DOrBEDGE
MSM8960LTE
DC-HSPA+/DOrBEDGE
HandsetOptimized
DataOptimized
Common FDD and TDD platform
Qualcomm is uniquely positioned to support first multimode LTE/3G deployments
1HSPA+ multicarrier is limited to 2 carriers in R8, a.k.a DC-HSPA+.
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EV-DO Rev. B and DO Advanced—Natural Next Steps for EV-DO
Higher Network Capacity and Improved User Experience
Improved Performancefor All Network Topologies
Cost-Effective Software Upgrade
Benefits Existing Devices
DO
Advanced
Rev. B Multicarrier is Commercial
Multicarrier Enhances Broadband Experience
Even Higher Capacity & Data Rates with CSM6850 Upgrade
Cost-Effective Software Upgrade to Multicarrier
Multicarrier Doubles Capacity for Bursty Applications
EVDO
Rev
B
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Up to 4x Voice Capacity With 1X Advanced —Improving Industry’s Best Voice Capacity
Up to 4x Voice Capacity
Up to 70% Coverage Increase
Simple and Cost-Effective Channel Card Upgrade
Frees Up Spectrum for EV-DO Data
1X
Advanced
1X Advanced launches in 1H 2011
4x Voice Capacity
Interference Cancellation
Radio Link Enhancements
Mobile Receive Diversity
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LTE Complements EV-DO
Boosts Data Capacity in Dense Urban AreasSeamless Interoperability with 3G from day one
Qualcomm: Industry’s First LTE/3G Multimode Chipsets
A Parallel Evolution Path to 3GSimilar performance with same bandwidth
Leverages New, Wider and TDD SpectrumBest suited in 10 MHz and beyondL
TE
HandsetOptimized
DataOptimized
Industry’s first LTE and EV-DO Rev. A/B multimode solutions
Common FDD and TDD platform
MDM9600LTE
Rev. B/1X AdvDC-HSPA+/EDGE
MSM8960LTE
Rev. B/1X AdvDC-HSPA+/EDGE
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Additional Slides
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1X Advanced: Increased Data Capacity Where EV-DO is Not Available
Voice Capacity
DataCapacity
Higher voice quality with no impact on capacity Up to 3x data capacity increase with 1X Advanced
4x
3x
1X Today
1X Advanced