Title:

The Web Beyond Google: Innovative Search Tools and Their Potential in Reference Services (Poster session presented at the Emerging Technologies Summit, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS, September 17, 2010).

Authors:

Lauren Dodd, Graduate Student, School of Library and Information Studies, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, lauren.dodd@gmail.com

William C. Friedman, Graduate Student, School of Library and Information Studies, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, w.c.friedman@gmail.com

Qiong Xu, Graduate Student, School of Library and Information Studies, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, xuqiong66@gmail.com

Brett Spencer, Reference Librarian, Gorgas Library, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, (205) 348-1200, dbspence@ua.edu

Abstract:

Our poster will examine Internet search tools that incorporate emerging technologies such as Web 2.0 and 3.0 features, mobile applications, clustering tools, real time peer-to-peer searches, visual searches, and decision-making or computational abilities. Reference librarians everywhere have incorporated Google into their search repertoires, but should they also consider lesser known search engines with evolving specializations? Reference librarians must stay current in their knowledge of search tools to ensure the best possible services for their patrons. After assessing several Internet search tools, we will develop a Quick Guide that provides the names, URLs, search operators, scope, currency, indexing, three useful features, problems and limitations, relevancy rankings, and likely audience for each search tool.  Our poster will address such questions as: do the search features embedded in these tools offer value not found in Google or other traditional search tools?   Are these search engines more effective for certain types of reference questions or patron groups? We hope to discuss the implications of these emerging search tools for reference services.  

Correspondence:

We welcome your feedback. Please contact any of the authors listed above if you have questions or comments.

Search Engine Assessments

Name/URL:

Silobreakerhttp://www.silobreaker.com

Description and Scope:

A news aggregator, Silobreaker compiles news stories. Under news titles, it states when the news hit the internet. Further, the main link to the news article sends you to the latest article on the topic.From the main page, you can also filter news based on overall subject. Categories include “Global Issues”, “Technology”, “Science”, “Business”, “Energy”, and “Countries”.Along the right side of the page, there are different frames. “In Focus” lists names and terms that are buzzwords in current news. “Network” shows a name or topic and how it relates to other buzzwords in the news. “Hotspots” shows where the latest world news is coming from. “Trends” shows how much certain topics have been covered over a certain time period. “Blogs”, which can be sorted by date or relevancy, provides links to the latest in news blog articles. “Audio/Visual” links to the latest multimedia news resources. Finally, “Press Releases” details the latest press releases put out by organizations.Searching is as complex or simple as the user wants. The default, “360º Search”, is a keyword search. Next is “Network”. To use it, one must click the link. This sends the user to a new page that explains that Network searching shows how a person or organization or a concept is connected to another person, organization, or concept. A few images show tools that can be used to narrow an initial search down. A few links are also present, which link to current topics in order to exemplify a Network result. Following “Network” is “Hot Spots”. This focuses on hot button news from around the world, the same as the box on the front page. However, one is allowed the freedom to search, in contrast with the top three issues presented in the front page box. The last search option, “Trends”, shows what topics are searched the most. This covers social issues, political issues, business issues, and more.There is also an advanced search option. When selected, a box opens over the webpage. Boolean operators used in advanced search are the standard AND, OR, and NOT. Limiters allow for users to chose what publication to search, what language (currently, the language options are “All”, “English”, and “Swedish”), the format (“News”, “Reports”, “Press Releases”, “Blogs”, “Audio/Visual”, and “Fact Sheets”), and the time frame in which it was published (from “past 3 hours” to “past 30 days”).Silobreaker also continues the trend of personalization. A login can be created, along with a custom page. This allows users to define which news articles they wish to see initially to reduce the amount of searching conducted and increase the amount of time spent reading. The inclusion of widgets adds another layer of personalization.

Currency:Silobreaker aims to be as current as possible by compiling all of the most current news articles.Search Operators:Standard Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) are used. Advanced searching offers more limiters. One can also use reserved words (like product, company, keyphrase) in brackets.Three Useful FeaturesOn the fly search disambiguationWhile typing in a word or phrase in any search box, different search options are recommended. Typing in “katrina” will cause a box to pop up that offers “Hurricane Katrina [Keyphrase]” along with persons’ names, other keywords (called “keyphrase” by Silobreaker), and even musical bands. Other options include companies and products. These types are shown in brackets.Advanced disambiguationIn basic searching, using the disambiguation feature replaces the text one has entered with the text one wants to search. In advanced searching, selecting a disambiguated phrase locks in the terms. This means that “Hurricane Katrina [Keyphrase]” will show up as an static box in the search field. The box can be removed, but not edited. This helps prevent errors, like accidentally typing a new keyword in the middle of a word.HotspotsThough already touched on, some depth should be added. The front page box presents a map with 3 or a little more points that are the source of noteworthy news. If the cursor is placed on any of these points, a new box appears, containing the first paragraph or so of one of the more recent articles. This box also links to the full article, a paragraph called “In Context” that helps summarize the story, and other recent articles.Likely Audience:Those who want the latest information on the events in the world. Articles on the front page offer brief descriptions of a topic, but also when the news broke and how many other articles there are on the subject.Problems and limitations:Currently, the focus of the site is on English and Swedish language articles. Silobreaker.se is the only other version of the site.There is a lot to deal with here. Directing a user to Silobreaker without some instruction may not be the best option. A librarian should become familiar with Silobreaker beforehand to best instruct users.How Silobreaker Differs from Google:Silobreaker focuses solely on news. While blogs are searched, personal websites dedicated to a subject are not included. Also, while things like products and persons can be searched, only news articles will be returned.

Name/URL

Zuula

http://www.zuula.com

Description:Zuula is a type of metasearch engine that does not use an algorithm to combine results for several search engines. Instead, each search engine is kept separate using tabs, and the user can review the same search using several popular and newer search engines.

Currency/Indexing and Relevancy Ranking:Results are as current as each of the search engines are, and indexing/relevancy should be checked for each individual search engine. Zuula does not change anything about the search engines – they perform the search exactly as they would on their own homepage.

Search Operators: Users can utilize Boolean operators (including “-“ in front of a term as “not”), phrase searching, and searching within a website or type of website - ex.: [Alabama football site:espn.com] or [Martin Luther King Jr. site:.edu]

Three Useful Features:

--users can utilize 5 different kinds of search: Web (the entire web), Images, Video, News, Blog, Jobs. Each search has at least four different search engines to search within.

--users can customize which search engines they want to search at once. Don’t like Bing? You can take it off of your tabs. Want Gigablast to be the first search engine in your list? You can drag and drop tabs to put them in the order you want.

--if you click over to another search engine’s tab, your results will be on the same page you left them (ex. If after clicking on page 10 of Google, and you click over to Yahoo’s tab – you will still be on page 10 of Google when you click back).

Likely Audience:Anyone. Zuula can be useful for users in academic, public, and school library settings who are looking for a variety of free results. Each search engine has entirely different features and search algorithms. Public librarians can direct job seekers toward the Job search tab to increase their chances of finding more listings. Students looking for images can search across a variety of picture sites, not just Google images. The video search includes several sites that users may not have considered, with content they wouldn’t have found on only YouTube. Zuula is also useful for information professionals; not only can librarians compare search engines and know which to recommend to users, but Zuula has been mentioned in a business research article (“The Winning

Mindset: Effective Competitive Intelligence Research on the Internet” by Terry Kendrick) as a way to search several different sources at once, saving time and energy (and the article warns business researchers to be careful with typical metasearch engines).

In an interview featured on the blog Library Garden, Zuula’s CEO, Boris Simkovich, reveals that “We thought that librarians – as professional researchers -- would be particularly attracted to Zuula’s ability to streamline difficult Internet searches. We also thought that librarians would see Zuula as a way to be more neutral when recommending Internet search tools to patrons. By introducing Zuula in their research guides, handouts, and links on public access computers, librarians can leave it up to their patrons to decide which of the major search engines they want to use for their Internet searches.”

Problems and Limitations:

--Zuula is still in beta, and has had to remove some search engines from its offerings because they did not work correctly with Zuula (Zuula provides these kind of updates on their blog, although not as regularly anymore.)--Zuula’s only real limitation is the search engines it doesn’t offer. However, Zuula will happily take your suggestions for search engines to add – email them at info@zuula.com

How Zuula Differs from Google:

Zuula isn’t hoping to compete with Google, especially since Google is listed in the search tabs. Zuula is acting as a neutral party, offering users a place to find more results than they would have if they had only used Google (or YouTube, or Monster, depending on the Tab you’re searching). It is a one-stop shop search engine that doesn’t rely on algorithms to get you the relevant information you need.

Name/URL

Bing

http://www.bing.com/

Description:

"It’s best to think of Bing not as a search engine, but a decision engine."

Bing can “enable people to find information quickly and use the information they’ve found to accomplish tasks and make smart decisions.” Providing suggestions in the leftmost column, Bing offers customized searching for these types of information:

- Images

o Find computer wallpaper

o Find black and white pictures

-Videos

o Find TV shows

o Watch music videos

o See sports videos

-Shopping

o Find products and get cash back

o Get a discount at your favorite store

-News

o See local news

o Get business news

o Find entertainment news

-Maps

o Get directions/traffic

o Get a Bird's Eye view of your house

o Find nearby restaurants

-Travel

o Search flights

o Find hotels

o Get airfare deals

Currency:

Very up-to-date

Operators:

It supports OR, NOT, “”. It can also interpret and answer certain natural language ready reference queries such as “definition of [insert word]”.

Three Useful Features:

Excellent image searching: image search with continuous scrolling images results page that has adjustable settings for size, layout, color, style and people.

Video search with adjustable setting for length, screen size, resolution and source Package tracking and tracing. When a user types the name of the shipping company and the

tracking number Bing will provide direct tracking information.

Likely Audience:

Librarians:

This search engine would be of helpful use in a public library and an academic library. Video searching and image searching are particularly helpful.

Patrons

Make a well-informed decision about travel and products using reviews, maps, prices, comparisons, etc.

Bing can directly display scores from a specific day, recent scores from a league or scores and statistics on teams or players.

Users can enter math expressions in the search box using a variety of math operators and (trig) functions and Bing will provide a direct calculation of the expression.

How Bing Differs from Google:

Compared to the Google search engine, Bing search engine has richer visual presentation and generally “cleaner” organization, and it goes further in helping patrons make decisions by presenting reviews and comparisons with certain types of searches. Bing allows users to quickly get to the category of information they’re seeking, and in some cases it offers more user-friendly features. Bing changes the background image daily. The images are mostly of noteworthy places in the world, though it sometimes displays animals, people, and sports. The background image also contains information about the element(s) shown in the image. The background image creates a pleasant and smooth search experience.

Beal, Andy, Bing.com/Is it Worth Switching from Google? (May 28, 2009), retrieve from http://www.marketingpilgrim.com/2009/05/microsoft-bing-search-engine.html

Name/URL:

ChaCha

www.chacha.com

Description:

The scope covers almost anything someone might ask. Most of the information in ChaCha’s databases consists of succinct answers to ready reference questions, such as quick facts, statistics, and links. ChaCha also offers videos related to your topic after each search that show how to do something or provide a mini-documentary on a topic. The scope of ChaCha goes beyond the database and encompasses the knowledge of the human “Guides” who answer the questions. ChaCha currently has about 55,000 Guides.

Currency:

Some questions are answered instantaneously, while others may take longer because no one has asked them before and a human Guide must respond. Most human answers are received within 2-3 minutes.

Search Operators:

Works by submitting natural language questions online or via a cell phone. You can text, or simply talk to ChaCha on your phone.

Indexing and Relevancy Ranking:

Users and Guides create and index information as they ask and answer questions. Relevancy is shaped by both an algorithm and the human Guides.

Three Useful Features:

--Allow people to use cell phones so they can search even when they are not at a computer.

--Enables searches to access “off-line” information, information known to Guides that may not be on the internet.

--ChaCha has Guides, who are “experts” so the information might be more accurate than those found on message boards.

Problems and Limitations:

Some questions take a while to receive an answer. Also, the Guides may not actually be experts on a topic, but claim to be, and therefore provide inaccurate answers.

Likely Audience:

Anyone desiring a quick answer to a ready reference question and anyone who cannot get to computer readily to search, such as traveling businesspeople, or people without computers. Those patrons who prefer to use handheld devices will also appreciate ChaCha.

How ChaCha Differs from Google:

Offers much more text and voice search options than Google’s 1-800 and SMS services. For research questions, ChaCha may be a starting point because you can receive advice from a Guide, but Google and other standard search engines will probably produce more extensive results given the limit on how much information you can receive through a text or phone call.

Alex Iskold, ChaCha: A Human-Powered Search Engine (December 14, 2006), retrieve from http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/chacha_human-powered_search.php

Name/URL:

Completeplanet.com

www.completeplanet.com

Description:

Locates 70,000+ specialty search tools on both popular and scholarly subjects. Completeplanet brings the user to the search screen of those search engines and databases, but doesn’t necessarily search the contents of those tools. Users can then perform a targeted search within that specialty search tool. Many of the search offer dynamically-generated results—results that don’t exist until the search is performed. Specialty search tools find information in the “Deep Web”, the part of the internet that Google cannot search. Much of the information in the Deep Web is of high quality.

Currency:

Updates regularly.

Search Operators:

Allows for natural language, AND, OR, NOT, NEAR (capitalized)””, and + or – system.

Automatic truncation.

Indexing and Relevancy Ranking:

Machine driven—Completeplanet uses a spider, but their spider only finds sites with searching features (search engines or databases). The relevancy ranking is determined by a complex test that assigns each site a score. The relevancy ranking of each result is displayed.

Three Useful Features:

>Ability to access the Deep Web.

>A directory, “browse tree”, lets you click through to find lists of specialty tools by topic.

>Completeplanet allows you to start with a general subject, then find specialty search tools that can carry out extremely precise searches.

Problems and Limitations:

Completeplanet produces a lot of “Error 500” and “Error 404” screens. Completeplanet requires you to go through two of more search steps, since you have to search Completeplanet for a specialty search tool first, and then search within that specialty search tool.

Likely Audience:

Almost anyone could find specialty search tools for their interests as Completeplanet lists specialty tools of public interest (such as gardening) as well as scholarly interest (such as industrial engineering). Helps librarians preparing subject pages identify the best search tools for their patrons. Completeplanet is for serious researchers who want to do in-depth mining of the web.

How CompletePlanet Differs from Google:

Makes a great supplement to Google, since it leads you to search tools that offer material that Google cannot index. Completeplanet focuses on the Deep Web while Google focuses on the Surface Web.

Wendy Boswell, About.com Guide/CompletePlanet: Search the Invisible Web with CompletePlanet, retrieve from http://websearch.about.com/od/invisibleweb/a/completeplanet.htm

Name/URL:

Duck Duck Go

http://www.duckduckgo.com

Description:

Searches:

Search (keyword)

Searches for best match, offers different choices if the search is too broad

Information

Searches for information about a searched term, not the term itself

Shopping

Searches for products related to the searched terms

Currency:

Last listed modification to the site is labeled March 15, 2010 to the Privacy Policy. An official Twitter account allows for users to keep up to date with other changes.

Indexing and Relevancy Ranking:

Duck Duck Go has a strict privacy policy that attempts to leave the user as anonymous as possible. No cookies are used, user IP address and browser type is not collected. The only information gathered are, for instance, “the number of searches for a particular term or phrase”.

Search Operators:

“!bang” searching (preformed as “![website]”)

If searching a website, the above is followed by one or more keywords. User is also directed to the website itself. If the site has a search function, the following keywords are placed in the site’s

search function and results are displayed. In general, one does not need to input the full URL for the searched site. An example from DuckDuck Go’s page is as follows: “!careerbuilder”.

The following will search for the input, but will also do specified functions. These special functions are as such:

“pw” generates a random password for the user.

“ip” gets the IP address of the computer that searched it.

“time in x” gets the current local time of location “x”. (“x” does need to be replaced by a desired location)

Other search tools

Find phone numbers and their locations (land lines only)

Tracking numbers (FedEx, UPS, etc.)

IP address information (locations)

Calculations

Conversions (monetary and measurements)

Zip codes

Chemical formulas

Car serial numbers

ISBN searching

UPC codes

Street addresses

Three Useful Features:

For Librarians:

ISBN searching

!bang searching

Chemical formulas

General Public:

Password creation (“pw”)

Tracking number searching

Car serial number searching

Problems and limitations:

No image searching (user is redirected to Bing, Google, or Yahoo’s image search engines), chemical formula searching is case sensitive (“h2o” does not retrieve information on water, while “H2O” does), settings changes to font size and style do not work, street address searching does not work with all addresses. A lot of information is provided by other sites (Wikipedia entries, Wolfram Alpha information).

Likely Audience:

Libraries:

This search engine would be of great use in a public library. ISBN searching can help librarians hunt down fiction or nonfiction works for users and !bang searching can help when sites are tough to navigate. Chemical formulas have the ability to be useful, depending on the community, but this would be based on individual cases.

Patrons:

Password creation is rather tricky in this day and age. But, the random character generator Duck Duck Go offers a great alternative to using things such as birthdates or zip codes as passwords. UPS and FedEx tracking can be tricky, but the tracking number searching can help out anyone. Finally, searching car serial numbers can help a user determine facts about a used car they might purchase.

How DuckDuck Go Differs from Google:

Bang searching (searching with a particular web site from Bang’s search screen).

No image searching

Asks for user input on developing new features

Search results are auto-loaded at the bottom of the list (no result pages)

Broad searches can be narrowed down by a list of possibilities

Wikipedia articles are always at the top of a narrow enough search

Anphicle, anphicle.com/Duck Duck Go Search Engine Guide & Review (April 6th, 2010), retrieve from http://anphicle.com/2010/04/06/duck-duck-go-search-engine-guide-review/

Name/URL:

Spezify

http://www.spezify.com

Description:

Searches:

Each of the following can be turned on or off as the user sees fit on the fly. Scrolling the mouse over a result produces specific information. Clicking on a result zooms in on that specific results and provides extra information. Three buttons allow the user to link to the result, save the result to a favorites list powered by Spezify, or go to the page.

Images

Retrieves numerous image results, includes results from Amazon.com and eBay and Flickr

Text

Searches for any textual reference to the searched terms (excludes tweets); about a paragraph of text is displayed under the websites’ title.

Video

Finds ten You Tube results applicable to the searched terms

Sound

Finds ten audio results that contain the searched terms

Tweets

Finds twelve tweets (from Twitter) with reference to the searched terms

Currency:

Spezify officially launched in June 2009. The official Twitter account was last updated January 27, 2010.

Search Operators:

No special tools other than basic Boolean modifiers (“OR” and “AND”)

Indexing and Relevancy Ranking:

Spezify searches the following sources to find the best results to search terms: Amazon, eBay, Yahoo, MSN, Twitter, Flickr, Digg, SoundCloud, Collecta, and YouTube. One can limit which sources are searched and limit the search results to any combination of the sources mentioned.

Three Useful Features:

For Librarians:

Visual searching

Search categories useful and modern

On the fly search modifying

General Public:

Clean layout and easy to use

Favorites list

Twitter searching

Problems and Limitations:

The space the results appear in can get rather cluttered. There is no method to how the results are displayed. It also relies too heavily on other search engines (Yahoo and MSN). Further, to get other results, one must turn on and off the desired result (for example, for new image results to load, one must turn off the image results and then back on). The Safe Search feature does not catch all questionable materials. There also is no method to results relevancy.

Likely Audience:

Libraries:

This search engine would be of great use in a public library or an academic library. Some patrons think in terms of images or small sized blurbs of information. This would be useful to either case. While public librarians, notably children’s librarians, may get more use out of this search engine, more and more students think in such visual and concise ways. Not to be used in lieu of a journal database, the search engine provides great help in answering general questions.

Patrons:

While the Safe Search still needs some fixing, children and young adults would really gravitate to such an interactive and dynamic interface. As mentioned, creative individuals who dislike the rigid list setup of other search engines would use this with ease. The last group to mention is the Web 2.0 crowd. Along with searching Twitter, interactivity is an important part of Web 2.0 theory.

How Spezify Differs from Google:

Search results can be changed on the fly (any combination of the above search types)

Adobe Flash Player interface

Results are not in a list; rather, they are displayed as found in a random pattern across an expandable field in the browser window. As the results comply, they expand in all directions in on a two dimensional plane. As things load, one clicks and drags in the opposite direction to view other results (drag down to scroll up, drag right to go left).

Alejandro Piccolini, Spezify.com, the search engine to “find” what you are looking for (August 4th, 2009), retrieve from: http://gooonews.com/2009/08/04/spezify-com-the-search-engine-to-find-what-you-are-looking-for/

Name/URL:Wolfram|Alphahttp://www.wolframalpha.com/

Description:Wolfram|Alpha contains "10+ trillion pieces of data, 50,000+ types of algorithms and models, and linguistic capabilities for 1000+ domains." There is no comprehensive list of all of Wolfram Alpha's sources.

Currency:Wolfram|Alpha's data is continually being updated, often in real time.

Search Operators:It does not use Boolean operators; a search attempted with "AND" retrieved results for the country of Andorra. Queries should be entered in a logical order. Wolfram|Alpha will interpret your queries' meaning (Ex. "ibm apple" retrieves a comparison of IBM and Apple's stocks). There are no limiters. Quotation marks do not allow a phrase to be searched as is.

Indexing and Relevancy Ranking: Wolfram|Alpha does not index any sites; it is already full of internal knowledge. Unlike Google, data sources are selected by humans, not by robotic web crawlers.

Three Useful Features:--ability to compute complex mathematical equations, as well as formulas you create (ex. adding 1 cup oatmeal + 1/2 tsp. sugar will give you the total nutritional information)--ability to compare and connect seemingly unrelated pieces of information (ex. "compare 1 small chicken breast to 1 small corn dog" compares the nutritional information of each, and comparing cities for relocation on a particular salary yields all relevant data for both cities, such as grocery costs and crime rate)--contains current and historical data on almost every subject imaginable, and is continuously adding data; see http://www.wolframalpha.com/examples/ for categories of example queries.

Problems and Limitations:--sometimes misinterprets natural language and lengthy queries.--does not give narrative answers to questions.--can only know things that are known, and are somehow public. --one cannot know for certain whether Wolfram|Alpha covers a subject until the query is made.

Likely Audience:Wolfram|Alpha can be used in any type of library and any type of education setting. Academic and public librarians can use Wolfram|Alpha to answer factual, ready-reference type questions, such as "What was the weather in Jasper, AL on June 10, 1985?" or "Who was the president of the U.S. in 1822?" A school librarian can help elementary school students use it as an almanac, encyclopedia, and basic calculator. Science librarians can direct their patrons to the complex math features, as well as all of the geological, health, and engineering, and statistical data.

How Wolfram|Alpha Differs from Google:Wolfram|Alpha is a "computational knowledge engine" -- a ready reference source in and of itself, because it makes computations internally instead of searching the web and returning links. Its aim is to "provide a single source that can be relied on by everyone for definitive answers to factual queries."

Notes: --Although Wolfram|Alpha combines many sources to retrieve its data, a list of background sources or references is typically available via the "Source information" button at the bottom of a results page.-- Wolfram|Alpha considers itself a primary source, so information retrieved from it should be cited. 

Name/URL:

Wowd

http://wowd.com

Description:Theoretically, the entire internet; practically, all of the internet that has been viewed by a Wowd community user (someone who has downloaded the Wowd software).

Currency:Results are current to the second; Wowd updates whenever a user visits a site

Search Operators: No Boolean searching (i.e., the "and" will be included in the search). Can use quotation marks to search for phrases.

Indexing and Relevancy Ranking:Users agree to install Wowd's software on their machines and have their browsing tracked anonymously, which builds Wowd’s search index. There are two filters for results: freshest and most popular. Both of these categories are determined by the data provided from users’ computers and what they are currently searching (or what large groups of people have searched the most), so the data is entirely dependent on real users’ search habits.

Three Useful Features:

--using the Wowd Hot List, you can see what's popular, from pages across the entire web, including the “Deep Web”--Wowd incorporates Twitter information, but Wowd uses Twitter information as “metadata” to help figure out what real people think are good web pages.  Wowd takes tweets, determines which ones contain URLs, and then filters that set according to some re-tweet and follower criteria. -- spam and virus-laden Web sites won't show up unless Wowd users visit them often

Problems and Limitations:--users must install the Wowd software on their computers to access certain features, such as the tag cloud and live stream, a recommendation engine and advanced search features (like the option to search through one's own Web history)--the installation of Wowd software is also crucial in the way the search engine functions – the more users who contribute, the better results, and vice versa (note: Wowd states that the search engine will work well even if only a small proportion of users are running the resident software)

--users will likely be concerned about privacy/installing software (note: Wowd claims that its software keeps searches completely anonymous)--no use of Boolean operators

Likely Audience:--Wowd would be most useful in an academic, public, or school library, and this is a search engine librarians could recommend for extensive use at home, for any kind of topic. For example, searching for “Haiti” or “Chile” would lend the most up to date news on the earthquake devastation in those countries, while Google’s top hits for those searches are country profiles. Wowd is an entirely new way of thinking about search engines – it is a peer to peer network for fresh, popular information all over the internet. Anyone is able to visit Wowd's website and perform basic searches, but librarians should consider downloading the software and participating in the Wowd community in order to contribute to—and keep alive—this democratic source of information.

How Wowd Differs from Google:

--real-time search engine--powered by real people, not robot web crawlers; results are all based on human judgment--people anonymously nominate public web pages for inclusion in Wowd simply by visiting them; when lots of people visit the same pages, these pages increase in popularity, can become part of the Wowd Hot List, and will appear near the top of search results.