Michael Resch
Waste Management in Berlin Part One
Europe – a continent with city-specific and very widely differenciated Waste Management Systems
P, P, P+P or PPP ?
2 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
Dumper, Pyromaniac, Separator, Waste and Recycling
Manager and / or Urban Miner ?
Generation of Waste in Germany 1999 - 2012
199.5m tons
58.2%
58.4m tons
17.0%
34.7m tons
10.1%
Source: Federal Statistical Office, 2014
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Siedlungsabfälle Abfälle aus Gewinnung und Behandlung von Bodenschätzen
Bau- und Abbruchabfälle übrige Abfälle (insbes. aus Produktion und Gewerbe)
Abfälle aus Behandlungsanlagen (Sekundärabfälle)
Municipal solid waste (MSW) Other waste (especially from manufacturing industry and trade)
Construction and demolition Waste Waste from mining
Waste from waste treatment plants (secondary waste)
405.062 406.663 395.222 381.262 366.412 339.368 331.876 340.899 351.111 344.602 322.293 332.693 342.774 333.598
MSW (only) makes up 15 % of the total amount of waste and has changed insignificantly since 1999.
In the same period the population declined slightly by 1.9%.
3 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
Berlin: amount and composition of MSW1,2 (2012) Total: ~ 1,5 Mill. t
1) Source: Berlin Waste Balance 2012 (http://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/umwelt/abfall/bilanzen/2012/bilanz2012.pdf 2.) complemented data based on BSR-
Entsorgungsbilanz 2012 3) e.g. leaf sacs, loose foliage from street cleaning, christmas trees
4 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
mixed waste from households
other mixed waste
street litter & grid
bulky waste from households
paper & cardboard
glass
bio waste from bin collection
other green waste3
plastics / lightweight-packaging
grey bins for MSW – sizes: 60, 80, 90, 120,
240 360, 500, 550, 660, 770, 1.100 l
brown or green bins for biological / organic
waste – sizes 60, 80, 120, 240 and 1.100 l
blue bins for paper or cardboard – sizes 240 l
or 1.100 l)
yellow bins or sacs for lightweight packaging
(metals, plastics, paper, composites such as
milk or juice cartons, plastic bottles or cans)
Even within Germany Citizens are provided with city-specific and widely differenciated collection systems
5 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
Residual Waste
Collecting Waste and Recyclables in Berlin
Bio Waste
Paper & Cardboard
Bulky Waste
15 Recycling & Reuse Center
Unterground Systems
Lightweight Packaging
Glass
6 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
P, P, P+P or PPP ?
Dumper, Pyromaniac, Separator, Waste and Recycling
Manager and / or Urban Miner ?
7 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
Europe – a continent with city-specific and very widely differenciated Waste Management Systems
Berlin – facts and figures
… in ~ 2 million homes (more than 400,000 distributed
waste containers) …
... live ~ 3.5 million inhabitants ...
... who each year produce about
~ 1.3 million tons of urban
waste …
On an area of 890 km² (larger than Munich, Frankfurt and Stuttgart combined)...
... and ~ 160,000 dogs.... … walk and drive on
~ 136 km² of public space (such as streets, airports) ...
... and each year produce about
80,000 tons of street waste ...
... ~ 350.000 trees (> 102.000 m3 of leaves) …
... with an increasing number of tourists (more than 22 million overnight stays per year) …
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15 Recycling and reuse centres
9 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
Recycling saves precious resources
BSR: type of company and mandate
Berlin Stadtreinigung (BSR) is commissioned to perform the responsibilities of the State of
Berlin in matters of
Refuse collection
Waste treatment
Street cleaning, snow removal and gritting
Under the legal form of a public law institution the BSR is at 100% owned by the State of Berlin.
BSR is organized like a public limited company since 1994.
When fulfilling the responsibilities of public administration, BSR is financing its tasks through
fees. In this case the generation of profits is strictly ruled out.
BSR is allowed also to operate commercially e.g. via subsidiaries. Activities shall be
complementary to the public responsibilities.
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100
200
300
400
500
600
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
9.000
700
10.000
638
9.341
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 20051 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 1994 2011 2012 2013
Turnover (in EUR millions) Full-time employees (including trainees)
BSR - Development of Turnovers and Employees
1) TASI/AbfAblV coming into effect from 1 June 05
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BSR: Associated Companies
Treatment of street waste,
construction / demolition
waste and contaminated soil
Cleaning of mineral waste
Waste disposal management
and project support
21 employees
Collection and disposal of
catering and food waste
Recycling of old refrigeration
units and electronic scrap
47 employees
Berlin Recycling GmbH (100% BSR)
gbav GmbH (51% BSR)
BRAL GmbH (50% BSR)
Collection and transport of paper,
cardboard, glass and mixed urban
waste from private households
and the commercial sector
Special container service for
commercial waste
Recycling of waste and
recyclables
Processing of hazardous waste
285 employees
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Berlin Citizens:
Lowering of charges for cleaning
and waste management by 10% until 2003
Future guarantee of low charges and rate
stability
Guarantee of a high quality of service;
enhancement of customer focus
State of Berlin (Owner):
Contribution to the budget
consolidation through a one-off
payment to the State of Berlin
amounting to approx. € 412 Mio.
Safeguarding the future through
enhancement of efficiency and
thus the competitive capacity
The State of Berlin continues
ownership
Employees:
Assurance of labour agreement, no
termination of employment for operational
reasons; applicable to all employees of
BSR who were employees before Oct, 1
2006
Safeguarding the tasks of BSR and
thus jobs in the long term
In July 2000 BSR and the State of Berlin concluded a Target Agreement – Citizens as well as the Employees had great Benefits
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During the last years, BSR has undergone a successful and continuing transformation process
1992
Fusion of the two city
cleaning services
of East and West Berlin
2000
Conclusion of Target Agreement between
BSR and the State of Berlin
i.a. a one-off payment to the State of
Berlin amounting to approx. EUR 412 Mio.
1994
Transformation of the
legal organisational
form from owner-
operated municipal
enterprise to a public
legal entity
1994 2000 2001 1992
2006
Strategy
Update
2001 – 2012
Efficiency Enhancement Programmes I-IV (3 years each)
Total cost reduction: approx. EUR 181 Mio.
Total reduction of human resources: approx. 2,750 full-time positions
2012 2006 2014
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The City of Berlin
is intrusting us furtheron with
the sole responsibility to the collection, treatment and
disposal of waste as well as street cleaning and winter road maintenance
BSR - The fundamental pillars of our strategy
Guaranteeing low charges and rate stability
Development and
improvement of the
environmental profile
Meeting the standards of
social responsibility for
all employees and
the State of Berlin
Guaranteeing high
quality of performance
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The Use of innovative Vehicle Technology as significant Contribution to environmental Protection
Utilisation of 135 natural gas powered waste
collection vehicles and operation of 3 own
natural gas fuelling stations
Utilisation of biomethane gas produced by
BSR as fuel for waste collection vehicles
Test of hybrid and fuel cell powered engines
Test of electric battery powered cars and
coachworks including charging infrastructure
Investment in low-noise vehicles
Consideration of ecological criteria in contract
award process
In 2012 95% of the BSRs vehicle fleet met the
requirements of emission class Euro III or
better and 43% even met the strict targets of
Euro V or EEV.
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Ecological objectives and measures related to
sustainability are controlled systematically
Publication of a Sustainability Report in 2009
and 2012
Regular additional reports on the use of energy,
ressources and climate ( ecological balance)
Annual Declaration of Conformity to the German
Sustainability Code (DNK)
Participation in the German Council for
Sustainable Development
Continuing activities for maintaining and keeping
the CEEP-CSR-Label
Agreement on Climate Protection between the
BSR and the Government of Land of Berlin in
2007 and follow-up in 2011
Responsibilities have been combined in a
special department
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From 1999 to 2009 BSR has reduced the direct CO2 Emissions by about 500,000 Tons per Year
[Figures in tons of CO2]
2009
421,000
67,000
Base Year
1999 2003
657,000
Landfill gas capture
and utilisation in
Schwanebeck
Optimisation of real
estate and vehicle fleet
Landfill gas capture
and utilisation at all
three landfills
no further depositing
of waste
Generate substitute
fuel in MPS plants
Real estate and vehicle
fleet
18 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
Until 2015 the direct CO2 Emissions will be reduced by a further 120,000 Tons per Year
[Figures in tons of CO2]
2009
67,000
2015
-37,000
The following reduction targets were identified in the 2nd cooperation
agreement with the State of Berlin:
Reduction of
emissions on landfills
and old waste
deposits
Generating
biogas
Optimisation of
regulation „Green IT“
Introduction of the
Orange Box in Berlin
Replacement
investment in waste
incineration plant
Ruhleben
In consideration of all processes, BSR will
save more CO2 by 2015 than will be emitted
during all operations
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Supporting charitable organizations for children
and adolescents
Social incentive activities / projects for orientation and preparation for traineeship
Further training and continuing education
Health and social counselling, prevention, occupational safety
Supporting the children and youth work of sports clubs and organizations
Employment of staff with disabilities
offers for industrial and
commercial training
BSR: social responsibility
20 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
P, P, P+P or PPP ?
Dumper, Pyromaniac, Separator, Waste and Recycling
Manager and / or Urban Miner ?
21 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
Europe – a continent with city-specific and very widely differenciated Waste Management Systems
Berlin: safe disposal mostly through own facilities
22 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
BSR – biogas plant
Biofilter
Biofilter
Aerification
Digester
Preparation hall
Receiving
hall
Scales
Access
Access Plant
De- hydration
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24
ERIN - Maintenance Investments at Waste Incineration Plant Ruhleben during operation from 2008 to 2012
Construction Site
ERIN
With the implementation of TASi (Landfill
prohibition) the incineration of waste
became a even more important part of
the waste disposal guarantee
ERIN - Maintenance Investments at the
Waste to Energy Plant Ruhleben
approx. EUR 150 millon
24 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
Berlin: treatment / recycling of recyclables
Glass
Paper,
Cardboard
Lightweight
Packaging (LVP)
/ Plastics
Different Glass Sorting Plants:
Veolia Sorting Plant
Tönsmeier Sorting Plant
Rhenus Sorting Plant
Assignment results of Dual System Contracting
ALBA LVP Sorting Plant Mahlsdorf
Assignment results of Dual System Contracting
Bulky Waste BSR Bulky Waste Treatment Plant
Different Sorting Plants:
WUB*
ALBA
* indirect participation of BSR via Berlin Recycling (partnership with Remondis)
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26
Thank you!
26 Michael Resch, Abt. VBS Waste Management in Berlin 23 October 2013
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