Windows Server 2012 Hyper-VVirtual Machine MobilityHans VredevoortHyper-V MVP
Agenda• Welcome• VM Mobility in the past• VM Mobility today• VM Mobility in the future• Q&A
VM Mobility in the past
VM Mobility in the past
• Export/Import• Quick Migration• Quick Storage Migration• (Classic) Live Migration
Live Migration in Windows Server 2008 R2
Since2008 R2
Dedicated 1Gb Link
Within Clusters
No Queueing
One at a time
No Priorities
16 nodes
PowerShell
Host 1 Host 2
Config
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Memory
Config
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How Live Migration worked in R2
Live Migration is not High AvailabilityHigh Availability• Cluster host dies• VM fails over to another host and boots up (minimal
downtime)• ReactiveLive Migration• Load balancing, VM relocation, host maintenance• VM is live migrated with no downtime to services• Proactive
VM Mobility today
Virtual Machine Import
Virtual Machine Import Requests• Import without Export• Simply register a VM• Fix problems during import• Import using PowerShell
Improvements to VM Import
Point to Directory
Register RestoreCopy
Fix up VM during Import
Add/RemoveClustered VM Role
Add/Remove VM RoleRequests• Add VM role while VM is online• Remove VM role while VM is online
Improvements add/remove clustered VM roleIn WS2012• Online addition/removal high availability VM role• Via High Availability Wizard• Via PowerShell
DemoOnboarding VMs in Cluster
Live Migration in 2008 R2 is great!But how can we make it better?
VM Mobility in Windows Server 2012Requests• Make it faster!• Support simultaneous live migration• Queue up live migrations• Allow us to set priorities• Perform as many live migrations as network and
hardware allows• Make it easier to do with in-box tools• Remove all the barriers around mobility
New in WS2012• Parallel Live Migration• Live Migration queuing• Multi-select for Live Migration in Failover Cluster
Manager• Live Migration considers VM Priority• Live Migration uses network more effectively• It is now possible to saturate a 10 GbE link• Live Migration is 70% faster than it was in the past
Improvements in Live Migration
• Inside a cluster with traditional shared storage• Inside a cluster with SMB storage• Between non-clustered hosts with shared SMB storage• Between non-clustered hosts with no shared storage• Between hosts in different clusters without shared
storage• Between clustered and non-clustered hosts with no
shared storage and vice versa
Live Migration directions
Startup Priority
Startup PriorityAvailable Priorities High, Medium, Low, No Auto Start Clustered roles with higher priority are started and are
placed on nodes before those with lower priority If cluster is short of resources: preemption kicks inHow are the VMs migrated? High and Medium Priority VMs use Live migration If cluster is out of capacity High Priority VMs are
placed and Lower Priority VMs are saved
VM Priority and MoveTypeThresholdVirtual Machine Priorities
Low Priority VMs use Quick Migration! VMs with priority ≥ 2000 will be moved using live
migration VMs with priority < 2000 will be moved using quick
migration Default MoveTypeThreshold: 2000
Get-ClusterResourceType “Virtual Machine” | Set-ClusterParameter MoveTypeThreshold 1000
VM Priority
Value
High 3000
Medium 2000
Low 1000
No Autostart
0
DemoWindows Server 2012 Live Migration
Storage Migration
Storage MigrationRequests• No downtime involved• Move any part of a running VM with no need to turn it
off• Perform storage upgrades with no downtime• Respond to I/O bottlenecks with no downtime
New in WS2012• Live Storage Migration• Move the Storage of a running VM• Move storage between CSVs• Move from CSV to SMB Share or vice versa• Live Migration without Shared Storage• Great feature for “Cluster onboarding”• Possibility to move VM & storage between Clusters
Live Storage Migration
1. Reads/writes go to source VHD (or VHDX)• During most of the move operation
2. Disk contents are copied to the new destination VHD• While reads/writes occur on source VHD
3. Disk writes are mirrored to both source & destination VHDs• After initial disk copy is complete• Virtual outstanding disk changes are replicated
4. VM Live Migration is initiated • After source and destination VHDs are completely synchronized• Using same process as Live Migration
5. Storage Migration completion• Once VM is running successfully on the destination server• The files on the source server are deleted
• d
Live Storage Migration procedure
DemoWindows Server 2012 Live Storage Migration
Live Migration without shared storage
Live Migration without shared storage• You can now live migrate a VM between two
standalone servers with no shared infrastructure• Entire VM moved with no perceived downtime
1. Configuration2. Storage3. Memory4. State
Live MigrationSecurity Failures
• Live Migration within cluster• No need to enable Live Migration in the host settings
• Live Migration between hosts or clusters• You need to enable Live Migration in the host settings
• Two authentication types• CredSSP (Credential Security Provider)
http://download.microsoft.com/download/9/5/E/95EF66AF-9026-4BB0-A41D-A4F81802D92C/%5BMS-CSSP%5D.pdf
• Quick and dirty• You can only push from the server you are logged into• Not from other server or management console
• Kerberos authentication• Allows authorized Hyper-V administrators to run LM from any domain member• Not required to log into host to push a VM
CredSSP versus Constrained Delegation
• In the GUI• Enable the advanced view in ADUC• Edit the properties of the host’s computer account• Edit the Delegation tab• Add the required computer accounts• Add the required service types to delegate• Reboot the host that you just modified the computer object of
• In PowerShell
CredSSP versus Constrained Delegation
http://www.aidanfinn.com/?p=13711
Kerberos Constrained Delegation with SMB 3.0 Storage
• Delegate Microsoft Virtual System Migration Service for every other possible LM host
• Delegate CIFS for every possible file share that LM VMs will be stored on.
• Use the computer account of the Scale-Out File Server (SOFS) if using SOFS, and not the node members.
Kerberos Constrained Delegation for Shared Nothing Live Migration
• Microsoft Virtual Machine Migration Service for every other possible LM host
• CIFS for every other possible LM host
DemoLive Migration Without Shared Storage
Live Migration requirements
In common• Two or more servers running Hyper-V• Support hardware virtualization• Are using processors from same manufacturer• Belong to same AD domain or trusted domains
• VMs must be configured to use• Virtual hard disks (VHD/VDHX)• Fibre Channel disks• No physical disks
• Use of private network is recommended• For Live Migration traffic
Live Migration requirements
In Cluster• Windows Failover Clustering is enabled and configured• Cluster Shared Volumes (CSV) is enabled
With SMB 3.0 storage• All files of VM are stored on SMB share• Permissions on SMB share grant access to computer
accounts of all servers running Hyper-V
With Shared Nothing Live Migration• No additional requirements
• Identical to VMware Raw Device Mapping• Live Migration in Windows Server 2012 does not
support pass-through disks: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2834898
• Why use pass-through disks when you have VHDX?• Greater flexibility• Great scalability (~64TB)• Near native disk speed
Live Migration and pass-through disks
Anti Affinity using PowerShell
$AAgroups = New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.StringCollection
$AAgroups.Add("myAAgroup1") $AAgroups.Add("myAAgroup2")
(Get-ClusterGroup "MyVMName").AntiAffinityClassNames = $AAgroups
VM Mobility in the future
Live Migrate between datacenters
Drag & Drop between two Cities
Move a VM from New Jersey to New York
Using fast, low latency networks
Private Cloud Hosted Cloud
Public Cloud
VMM will make sure using Hyper-V Network Virtualization, that we’ll reconfigure the underlying fabric so that the application can continue to operate seamlessly, while the underlying fabric is reconfigured
VM Mobility in the near and distant future Stretch out between clouds Unified fabric Move VM between datacenters
between private and hosted cloud and back Between hosted and public cloud and back between private and public cloud and back
Live Migration using Time And Relative Dimension In Spacein Windows Server 2056
“Yesterday’s Crazy is Tomorrow’s Normal”
Thank you! Questions?
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